Argentina. Buenos Aires. Babylon of fair winds. Buenos Aires is the capital of Argentina Museums. Which ones are worth visiting?

Republic Square and the widest avenue in the world - Avenida 9 July. The 67 meter high obelisk was erected in honor of the 400th anniversary of the founding of Buenos Aires. On this spot P The church was originally located here and the flag of independent Argentina was first raised here.

Argentine capital Buenos Aires- one of the largest and most beautiful cities in South America. Population - 3 million, within the boundaries of the metropolis - 14 million inhabitants. Located 275 km from the Atlantic Ocean on the western shore of the vast Rio de la Plata bay-estuary, which is a continuation of the mouth of the second longest river in South America - the Paraná. The capital has a shortened name and translated into Russian means “port of fair winds.” In the 17th century, the city was officially named in Spanish: Ciudad de la Santísima Trinidad y Puerto de Nuestra Señora de Santa María de los Buenos Aires (“City of the Most Holy Trinity and Port of Our Lady Saint Mary of the Good Winds”). Residents of Buenos Aires call themselves "portenos", meaning "port dwellers", implying that many of them were immigrants in the past.

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The city of Buenos Aires was founded for the first time in 1536 by the Spanish conquistador Pedro de Mendoza. During the attack of the Indians in 1541, the city was burned, and the jaguars tore apart the first settlers, leaving 37 people alive. In 1580, the settlement was restored and was part of the Viceroyalty of Peru. In 1776, Buenos Aires became the capital of the newly created Viceroyalty of Rio de la Plata, and after the May Revolution of 1810 - the United Provinces of La Plata, Argentine confederation and the Republic of Argentina (since 1862). Most of the population of Buenos Aires consisted of independent cattle traders, who established a dictatorship here that lasted until 1852. Then the city temporarily left the confederation, but finally returned after the military conflict in 1860. The new provision for the United Argentine States, modeled on the North American States, satisfied the conflicting main parties of Unitarians (Centralists) and Federalists. Unitarians received a strong central power, and moderate federalists received broad rights for individual provinces.
The federal capital becomes one of the main centers of immigration to South America. In 1880, the population of Buenos Aires was 338 thousand inhabitants, and in 1895 it reached 649 thousand people. Due to migrants, by 1914 Buenos Aires had become the twelfth largest city in the world with a population of 1.6 million people.

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The early twentieth century marked Argentina's golden age as an agrarian superpower.

In 1913, the first metro in Latin America was built in Buenos Aires, and in 1928 the construction of a new port (Puerto Nuevo) was completed. Buildings of various architectural styles appeared in the city; in 1937, the widest street in the world, Avenida 9 July, was opened. Immigrants, feeling nostalgic for Europe, chose Paris as their architectural imitation. This is clearly visible in Rio de Janeiro, Buenos Aires and Santiago de Chile. Many tourists, when they first find themselves in the center of the Argentine capital, feel as if they are walking along Parisian boulevards and parks.
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In Argentina, decisions were made several times to move the capital inland, but without success. A series of military coups slowed down the development of the city. During the last dictatorship (1976 - 1982), 10 thousand people were physically destroyed in Argentina, 30 thousand disappeared without a trace, and another 60 thousand were subjected to long prison terms, torture and violence for political reasons.

Only in the mid-90s the city began to develop intensively again. The northern and northeastern neighborhoods became home to the aristocracy and the middle class, such as the neighborhoods of Recoleta, Palermo and Belgrano, as well as Puerto Madero. At the same time, poor, disadvantaged neighborhoods have been preserved in the city center and on the outskirts. There are 15 communes in Buenos Aires (with their own budget), they are governed by the Public Council of Buenos Aires.

The National Congress building resembles the American Congress in Washington.


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View of May Square and Christopher Columbus Park (in the foreground with an obelisk to the navigator). In the center is the official residence of the President of Argentina (Casa Rosada or Pink House), to the left of it is the Ministry of Economy and Finance, and to the right under the green roof is the National Bank of Argentina.


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Population. According to the latest national census in 2010, the population of Buenos Aires was 2.9 million. The Argentine capital has become a real multinational Babylon. At the beginning of the twentieth century, the area was dominated by Italians (more than half of the city's population), Spaniards (24%) and French (6.4%). At the end of the 30s, the Italians (34%) lost leadership to the Spaniards (37%). From 1857 to 1949 in Argentina, of the total number of immigrants (6.6 million), Italians accounted for 45% (3 million people), Spaniards - 32% (2 million), French - 3.6% (239 thousand .) and Russians - 2.7% (177 thousand). Buenos Aires is home to the British and Germans, Russians and Ukrainians, Arabs, Jews, Armenians (who fled the Ottoman Empire), Japanese, Chinese and Koreans, and other peoples. In recent years, the population of the capital and suburbs has been increasing due to the immigration of guest workers from Bolivia, Paraguay, Peru and African countries. During the colonial era, a significant population consisted of Indians, mestizos and black slaves, who gradually disappeared into the multinational Babylon.

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Among the city's believing population, the majority are adherents of Catholicism; some of the capital's residents profess Islam, Orthodoxy and Judaism. The city is home to Catholic Buenos Aires Cathedral, and Diocese of Saint Charbel Maronite Catholic Church, This ancient Christian church is one of the six Eastern Catholic Churches that have patriarchal status.

Argentina's Jewish diaspora is the third largest Jewish community in America (after the United States and Canada), and the largest in Latin America. Located in the Argentine capital synagogue Temple of Freedom. There are approximately 182 thousand Argentines of Jewish origin, living mainly in Buenos Aires. In 1992 and 1994, two terrorist attacks took place in the capital against the Israeli embassy and the Jewish community, killing 85 people and injuring 300 people.

The Islamic Cultural Center named after the Saudi King Fahd (1982 - 2005) was opened in 2000 in the Palermo area, and is the second largest Islamic religious building in Latin America, second only to the mosque in Caracas (Venezuela).

Christian immigrants from Eastern Europe are parishioners of two canonical and one non-canonical dioceses. The Diocese of the Intercession of the Most Holy Theotokos of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church has 160 thousand parishioners, including 60 thousand in the capital. The cathedral of the diocese is the Church of the Intercession of the Blessed Virgin Mary.

The canonical Argentine and South American diocese of the Russian Orthodox Church was formed in 1946 by decision of the Holy Synod of the Russian Orthodox Church and unites 18 parishes in the countries of Central (with the exception of Mexico) and South America. The Cathedral of the Annunciation is located in the center of Buenos Aires. There are only a few thousand Orthodox parishioners, which is likely a consequence of conflicts and splits in the dioceses.

In 1997, the Argentine and South American Diocese of the Russian Orthodox Church solemnly celebrated the 50th anniversary of the Annunciation parish in Buenos Aires. Metropolitan Kirill of Smolensk and Kaliningrad, the future Moscow Patriarch, arrived in the capital of Argentina for the anniversary celebrations. In 2015, on the territory of the Annunciation Cathedral, celebrations were held to mark the 1000th anniversary of the Baptism of Rus' by Saint Equal-to-the-Apostles Prince Vladimir, in whose honor one of the squares of Buenos Aires was renamed and a bronze monument to the holy baptist was erected.

Currently, the Orthodox Cathedral of the Holy Trinity belongs to the South American Diocese of the Russian Orthodox Church Abroad (ROCOR). The priesthood of the diocese did not recognize the Act of Canonical Communion and, refusing to submit to the Synod of Bishops of the ROCOR, entered in 2007 the jurisdiction of the non-canonical Orthodox association ROCOR(A), which emerged from it, under the omophorion of Bishop Agafangel (Pashkovsokgo), the primate and actual founder of the church. The residence of the head of the church is located in Odessa (Ukraine). [Not to be confused with Metropolitan of Odessa and Izmail of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church Agafangel (Savvin)].

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Buenos Aires is the most important financial and industrial center of the country. Mechanical engineering, shipbuilding, light and printing industries are especially developed. In the city there are about 15 large shopping centers, 10 large markets, including the largest market - La Salada. The Argentine capital is visited annually by up to 3 million tourists. Buenos Aires is the second city in Latin America, after Mexico City, in terms of nominal GDP income per capita and has the highest GDP per capita purchasing power parity.

The Port of Buenos Aires is the main maritime gateway to Argentina. The capital has a developed network of suburban railway transport. Plans to build a high-speed railway from Buenos Aires to Rosario to Cordoba are not being implemented due to financial difficulties.

There are several airports in Greater Buenos Aires, the largest Ezeiza International Airport is located 35 km from the city, and the domestic airport is located near the seaport. The capital administration has built a network of bicycle paths that are integrated into street traffic. Free bicycle rental is available.

Buenos Aires is one of the most important cultural centers in South America. The capital is home to the Museum of Fine Arts, the National Historical Museum of Argentina, the Cinema Museum and many others. The city has more than 300 theaters, including the Colon Opera House, built in 1909.

The capital's architecture is reminiscent of Barcelona, ​​Madrid and especially Paris. By 1923, the first Argentine building was built in the capital, according to the design of the Italian architect Mario Palanti. skyscraper Palacio Barolo, in the 20s - the tallest building in South America. The 100-meter building in the neo-Gothic style has 22 floors. The project was inspired by Dante Alighieri’s “Divine Comedy”: the basement symbolizes hell, the first to fourteenth floors are an allegory of purgatory, and the higher floors are heaven. A lighthouse is installed on the tower, thanks to which the building is visible even from Uruguay.


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Recently, new modern high-tech high-rise buildings have been built according to the designs of Argentine architects: Torre Le Parc, Torre Fortabat and Repsol-YPF tower.

Skyscrapers of Puerto Madero

Torre Monumental (former British Tower) at Retiro Miter station.


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At the Obelisk on Avenida 9 July there is a green abbreviation of the name of the capital BA

A homeless man rests comfortably under a lantern with solar panels

photos by Anton Dergachev

Buenos Aires is the capital of tango. There are several tango schools (academies) in the city, usually only for men. “Tango Day” is celebrated annually on December 11th. Since 2009, Argentine tango has been declared a world cultural heritage by UNESCO.

The Argentine singer, composer and actor grew up and lived in Buenos Aires. Carlos Gardel(1887 - 1935). The most significant personality in the history of Argentine tango, an idol for millions of Latin Americans. Every year since 1999, a tango festival has been held on August 14-31.

Buenos Aires has been the center of the Argentine film industry for more than a century. The two largest film producers in Argentina are Lumiton (existed from 1931 to the 50s, produced 180 films) and Argentina Sono Film (from 1933 to the present, 220 films).

Buenos Aires is the city with the highest concentration of football teams in the world. The America's Cup was held here several times, and the first Pan American Games took place here (1951).

The capital has the highest literacy rate in Argentina. The University of Buenos Aires, founded in 1821, is one of the largest and most prestigious universities in South America. The city is home to the National Technological University and the National University of General San Martin, and there are numerous private colleges.
In Buenos Aires, along with private ones, there are public hospitals, whose free medical services are used by over half of the capital's population.

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In the Argentine capital there are disadvantaged areas (slums) similar to the Brazilian “favelas”. They are replenished by the province, as well as migrants from neighboring countries. The area along the Riachuelo River (one of the most polluted rivers in the world) is mostly slums. There are disadvantaged neighborhoods in the center of the capital. Buenos Aires is not a crime-ridden city, but petty thefts, including those committed from motorcycles, are common here.

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In December 2001, as a result of the economic crisis, mass protests took place in the capital; several people died when police dispersed demonstrators. The conflict ended with the resignation of the president and the most acute constitutional crisis in Argentine history.

In 2004, the city suffered the largest tragedy in the modern history of the country, as a result of a fire in the Republic of Cro-Magnon nightclub, 194 people were killed and 1,432 were injured.

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The monument "Canto al trabajo" (Song of Labor) was unveiled in 1907 in front of the Faculty of Engineering of the University of Buenos Aires.

Buenos Aires is famous for its many parks. The most famous parks are Tres de Febrero, Almirante Brown and Costanera Sur.

The monument to the Ukrainian poet and writer Taras Shevchenko in Buenos Aires is located in the Tres de Febrero park in the Palermo district. The obelisk was donated to the city by the Ukrainian diaspora of Argentina in honor of the upcoming 75th anniversary of the arrival of the first immigrants from Galicia to the country. The opening took place in 1971. In 1982, all expenses for the maintenance of the monument were covered by the foundation named after. Taras Shevchenko. The last lines from the poem “Bogdanov’s Grave” are carved on the pedestal. To the right of the monument is an allegorical relief depicting freedom fighters. The relief is made of a single granite block.


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Buenos Aires lies almost entirely in the humid subtropical pampa (steppe). The average air temperature in July is +10°, and in January +24°. The Argentine capital is influenced by the zonal winds of pampero and sudestada. The pampero (pampa wind) blows from the southwest and usually begins with a gale that quickly gives way to cold, dry air. Pampero blows more often in the summer; it is refreshing after the sweltering heat. But a cold storm can cause water to rush into La Plata, making navigation difficult. Sudestada is most active in winter and is often accompanied by precipitation of varying intensity. Continuous winds push up the waters in the Rio de la Plata and sometimes cause flooding in the La Plata floodplain, including in the La Boca area. The metropolis of Buenos Aires experiences air pollution, exacerbated by high traffic volumes.

At the height of the South American summer, that is, in January, on Sunday the Argentine capital is dying out, there are few passers-by, there are no traffic jams. Residents of the capital, as a rule, go on weekends to Mar del Plata (120 km from the capital), other seaside resorts in Argentina and Uruguay on the Atlantic coast. Many wealthy residents of Buenos Aires prefer to relax near the pools. The capital has beaches on the shores of La Plata, but the clayey color of the water is not conducive to water procedures.

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“Porteños”, that is, residents of Buenos Aires, love not only Argentine tango, but also dogs. Near large shopping centers, along with parking lots, there are areas for dogs, where pets wait for their owners in a varied company. Many members of the middle class keep dogs in city apartments and when they go to work, they hand them over to the care of dog “nannies” who walk them in parks on special areas where dogs gather and communicate with each other. Students work part-time as “educators.” In the parks you can see the following picture. A dozen pet dogs are tied to a bench on leashes, and the “nanny” himself is sleeping after a wild night in a nightclub.
But cats have been treated harshly in the Argentine capital in the recent past. During the reign of one of the military juntas, cats were deported to a desert island. Cats, as a rule, do not smell flowers, but they gnaw on stems and leaves with pleasure. As a result, a problem arose in the capital with decorating streets and squares with flowers. The ecological chain was disrupted, mice and rats multiplied. In addition, due to the warm climate, there are many fleas in the Argentine capital, which happily settle on domestic animals. But thanks to the triumph of Argentine democracy, justice prevailed and the cats were returned to their rightful place.

The capital's Botanical Garden has become a home for abandoned cats. Thanks to the dedication of volunteers from the Animal Welfare Society, a humane solution for keeping the cats was found. The voluntary committee feeds them, finds new owners, provides vaccines and veterinary care, and arranges for castration.

BUENOS AIRES, the capital and largest city of Argentina. Forms an independent administrative unit - the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires (Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, CABA; charter 1996).

Transport-geographical location

Located in the central-eastern part of the country, within Pampa, in the western part of the southern coast of the La Plata gulf-estuary, which is a continuation of the mouth of the Parana River. The Matanza River flows along the southeastern border of the city.

The largest transport hub in the country. Main highways: im. Ricardo Balbin (“Ricardo Balbin”; Buenos Aires - La Plata), named after. Pablo Ricceri (“Pablo Richeri”; length 24.3 km; connects the city with the international airport named after Minister Pistarini, “Ministro Pistarini”; its continuation is the national highway No. 3 to Ushuaia - the southern tip of the country on the island of Tierra del Fuego), “ Accesso Oeste" ( "Acceso Oeste"; 55 km; becomes National Highway 7 to Mendoza in western Argentina; National Highway No. 5 departs from it to the city of Santa Rosa in the central part of the country),"Acceso Norte" [ "Acceso Norte"; 120 km; its continuation is the national highway No. 9, connecting Buenos Aires with other major cities in Argentina– Rosario, Cordoba and San Miguel de Tucuman and the border with Bolivia; National Highway No. 11 departs from it to the city of Santa Fe and further to Asuncion (Paraguay)]. Bus station"Retiro" ( "Retiro"; 1983) - the main bus station in Argentina (75 platforms; serves 2 thousand trips daily). The largest railway junction; railway line named after General Miter (“General Miter”; 1862) links Buenos Aires with the provinces of Rosario, Santa Fe, Cordoba and Tucuman, “Coastal” (“Tren de la Costa”; part of “General Miter”) - with the northwestern suburbs Buenos Aires - Tigre, them. General Belgrano (“General Belgrano”; 1876) - with the province of Jujuy, named after. General San Martin (“General San Martin”; 1888) - with the provinces of San Luis and Mendoza. The city has five railway passenger terminals – stations Retiro, Constitución, Onse, Buenos Aires and "Federico Lacrosse" ("Federico Lacroze") Suburban railway lines operate: im. Domingo Faustino Sarmiento (“Domingo Faustino Sarmiento”; 1857; western direction), named after. General Roca (“General Roca”; 1865; southern direction),"Urquiza" ( "Urquiza"; 1888; northwestern direction), etc. Large sea port complex. International Airport Minister Pistarini (“Ministro Pistarini”; 1949; 22 km southeast of the city center, in Ezeiza; 9.1 million passengers, 2015); in the Palermo area, 2 km from the center, there is an international airport named after. Jorge Newbery (“Jorge Newbery”; 1947; domestic and international flights to Uruguay, Brazil, Chile and Paraguay; 11 million passengers). Many railway lines are used for intra-city passenger transport ("Sarmiento", "Sarmiento" and "General Roca""General Roca" - leaders in passenger turnover); connected to the metro (“Subte”; 1913, the first construction in Latin America; 6 lines, 86 stations, length 53.9 km). In the southern part of the city there is a light railway line “Premetro” (1987; 17 stations, length 7.4 km).

Population

Population 3.06 million people. (2016 estimate; 2.89 million people, 2010 census). Greater Buenos Aires is the third most populous urban agglomeration in Latin America after Mexico City and Sao Paulo (12.8 million people, 2010, census; over 14.9 million people, 2016, estimate); includes the territory of the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires and 24 suburban districts (municipalities, or “partidos”, which are administratively part of the province of Buenos Aires), including the northwestern ones - Vicente Lopez, General San Martin, San Isidro, San Fernando and Tigre, western - Tres de Febrero, Moron, Urlingam, Ituseingo, San Miguel, Malvinas Argentinas, Jose Clemente Paz, Merlo and Moreno, southwestern - La Matanza, southern - Ezeiza and Esteban Echeverria, southeastern - Lomas de Zamora, Lanus, Avellaneda, Almirante Brown, Berasategui, Quilmes and Florencio Varela. Since 2006, the Greater Buenos Aires metropolitan area partially includes four more suburban districts (Escobar, General Rodriguez, Marcos Paz and Pilar).

Story

Founded on 2/2/1536 by the Spanish conquistador Pedro González de Mendoza. In 1541, due to constant attacks by Indians and food shortages, it was abandoned by residents by order of an official of the Spanish colonial administration A. Cabrera (according to another version, it was destroyed by fire). Re-founded on 11.6.1580 by the Spanish conquistador Juan de Garay, known as the City of the Holy Trinity and the port of Our Lady of St. Mary of Good Winds (Ciudad de la Santísima Trinidad y Puerto de Nuestra Señora de Santa María de los Buenos Aires) , was part of the Viceroyalty of Peru. The population of the city repeatedly repelled attacks: from English (1582, 1587) and Danish (1699) privateers, and the French fleet (1658). To the beginning 18th century has become one of the largest shopping and cultural centers in the New World. In 1716, the Spanish government awarded it the honorary title of “City of the Very Noble and Very Loyal” (“Ciudad Muy Noble y Muy Leal”). Since 1776, the capital of the Viceroyalty of Rio de la Plata. Since 1785, the port of Buenos Aires has been open to international trade; one of the centers of immigration of Europeans, primarily Italians, Spaniards and French. In 1806–07 the city was briefly captured by British amphibious assault. 25.5.1810 became the center of the May Revolution, as a result of which Argentina achieved independence. In 1816–26 the capital of the United Provinces of La Plata. In subsequent years, being the de facto main political center of the country, it fought with the provinces for national leadership. In 1838–40, it withstood the blockade of the French fleet, and in 1845–48, the blockade of the British and French fleets. In 1852 he announced his separation from the Argentine state (at that time it was a confederation of semi-independent provinces), and was returned to Argentina in 1859–60. In 1880, it acquired de jure status as the capital of Argentina, administratively separated from the province of the same name. According to the constitutional reform of 1994, it received its own constitution and self-government. In the beginning. 21st century one of the centers of opposition protests.

Architecture

The layout is based on a rectangular network of streets (Avenue 9 July, width 140 m; Avenida Rivadavia, length approximately 20 km, etc.) and the main square open to the La Plata Bay with the Presidential House [Casa Rosada, 1873– 98, architects K. Kilberg and H. Aberg (Sweden), F. Tamburini (Italy)]. The architecture combines exuberant Baroque, influences from Portuguese Manueline and Peruvian Rococo styles, elements of classicism and various modern styles. Churches of San Ignacio (1710–34, architects H. Kraus, A. Blanqui), El Pilar (1716–32, the base is lined with tiles), Santa Catalina (1737–52), San Francisco (construction completed in 1754) , Town Hall (Cabildo, 1719–86; all - architects A. Blanqui, H. B. Primoli, etc.); Basilica of Nuestra Señora del Rosario of the monastery of Santo Domingo (1752–73, architects A. Masella and F. Alvarez), cathedral (founded in 1593; 1752–91, architect A. Masella; construction completed in 1822–63, architect P. Katelen). Multi-storey apartment buildings and mansions in the Art Nouveau style; buildings in the spirit of eclecticism (Congress building, 1898–1906, architects V. Meano, H. Dormahl), etc.; buildings in the constructivist style (El Kavanag skyscraper, 1935–36). Buenos Aires has many green boulevards, squares and parks. Monuments: General M. Belgrano (1898, sculptors A. E. Carrier-Belleuse and E. de Santa Coloma), J. Columbus in Colon Park (1921, sculptor A. Zocchi), General C. M. de Alvear (1926, sculptor E. A. Bourdel), S. Bolivar(1942, sculptor H. Fioravanti), obelisk in honor of the 400th anniversary of the city (1936, architect A. Prebisch).

Science and education

The country's leading scientific, educational and cultural center. Main scientific institutions: National Council for Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET; 1958); National Academy of Sciences (1935); Academy: medicine (1822), exact, physical and natural sciences, law and social sciences (both 1874), history (1893), literature (1931), fine arts (1936), morality and political sciences (1938), geography (1956 ). Over 130 research institutes, associations, research centers and societies. Among the leading ones are the Argentine Scientific Society (1872), the Society of Friends of Astronomy (1929); national associations: architects (1886), medical (1891), named after. Dante Alighieri (1896); scientific research institutes: numismatics and antiquities (1872), national geographical (1879; until 2009 military), statistics and census (1894), clinical surgery (1923), experimental biology and medicine (1944), etc. National Atomic Energy Commission , National Institute of Technology of Agriculture (INTA; 1956), National Agency of Mining Technologies, Geology and Mineral Resources (SEGEMAR; 1996). Institute of History of Buenos Aires (1949). Naval Observatory of Buenos Aires (1882).

Scientific and Technological Policy (2011; on its territory are the headquarters of the Ministry of Science and the National Agency for Scientific and Technical Innovation, institutions in the field of nanotechnology, biophysics and biochemistry, exact sciences and IT). Technological Park "Miguelete" [ "Miguelete"; in the suburban district of General San Martin; includes the National Institute of Industrial Technology (INTI; 1958), Institute of Biotechnological Research, etc.]. In the suburban district of Vicente Lopez - Institute of Scientific and Technical Research on Defense (1954); The district also hosts the Technopolis exhibition of science, technology, industry and art (since 2011; the largest in Latin America).

A significant amount of scientific research is carried out by the city’s universities. Largest public universities: University of Buenos Aires; National University of Technology (UTN; 1948), National University. General San Martín (UNSaM; 1992; head campus in the suburban district of General San Martín), National University of the Arts (UNA; 1996; includes the Faculty of Music, former National Conservatory of C. López Buchardo, 1924); Higher Pedagogical Institute named after. Dr. Joaquin Victor Gonzalez (1904). Leading private universities: Universities of Business of Argentina (UADE; 1957), Catholic (UCA; 1958), Belgrano (1964), Palermo ( "Palermo" UP; 1986); Institute of Technology Buenos Aires (1959); Naval Academy"Delegaciones Navales" ("Delegaciones Navales").

Large libraries: National of Argentina (1810; the largest in the country), Congress (1859), National Medical Association (1914), agricultural (1866) and pedagogical “Nacional de Maestros” (1870); network of national libraries (CONABIP; 1870). St. 26 public libraries, among them - them. Leopoldo Lugones (1907), named after. Jose Marmol (1928), named after. Miguel Cane (1927; in 1953, the first city library for the blind was opened on its basis), named after. Martin del Barco-Centener (1944; since 1985 the children's department named after Antoine de Saint-Exupéry has been operating), named after. Joaquin Gonzalez (1960), named after. Julio Cortazar (1984), children's room named after. Enrique Banchsa (1952) and others. Documentation Center of the Ministry of Culture of Argentina.

Archives: General National (1821; within the Ministry of the Interior of Argentina), Historical City of Buenos Aires (at the Institute of History of Buenos Aires; since 1962 includes a library), Historical University of Buenos Aires (1931), etc.

Museums

Over 140 museums, including National Museums: Argentine Natural Sciences. Bernardino Rivadavia (“Bernardino Rivadavia”, MACN; 1812), historical Argentina (1889), fine arts (1895), decorative arts (1937), historical “Cabildo and the May Revolution” (1939), engravings (1960), oriental art ( 1965) and National Tango Academy (1990); among other museums - ethnographic (1904), historical Buenos Aires named after. Cornelio Saavedra, Spanish-American Art. Isaac Fernández Blanco (“Isaac Fernández Blanco”; both 1921), art named after. Benito Quinquela Martin (“Benito Quinquela Martín”; 1936), artistic director. Eduardo Sivori, popular art named after. Jose Hernandez (both 1938), sculptures by Luis Perlotti (1954), modern art (1956), musical "Museum of Rock - Institute of Historical Research" (1961), Spanish art. Enrique Larreta (1962), city (1968), railway named after. Raúl Scalabrini Ortiz (“Raúl Scalabrini Ortiz”; 1968), cinema named after. Pablo Ducrot Xiquena (1971), Latin American art of Buenos Aires (2001), humor (2012). Historical cultural complex "Manzana de las Luces"(“Manzana de las Luces”; 1971); tower"Torre Monumental" ("Torre Monumental"; 1916; with an observation deck). Museum-frigate "President Sarmiento" (1964). In the suburban district of Tigre - Maritime Museum (1892).

House museums: General Bartolome Miter (1907), sculptor Rogelio Irertia (1949), teacher and writer Ricardo Rojas (1958), singer Carlos Gardel (2003). Planetarium "Galileo Galilei" (1966).

Theaters

Over 200 theaters and 230 concert halls. Leading state theaters: opera Colón n"; 1908; one of the main opera stages in the world); multi-genre: National"Cervantes" (1921), urban"Regio" (1929), "Sarmiento" (1938), "Presidente Alvear" ("Presidente Alvear"; 1942), "San Martin" ( "San Martin", TGSM; 1960) and"Teatro de la Ribera" ("Teatro de la Ribera"; 1971; all five are part of the Theater Commonwealth Buenos Aires, CTBA). Among the leading private theaters: multi-genre:“Politeama” (“Politeama”; 1879), “Apolo” (“Apolo”; 1892), “Nacional” (“Nacional”; 1906), “Avenida”, “Maipo”; both 1908), "Lola Membreves" ("Lola Membrives"; 1927) and Broadway (1930). National Folklore Ballet (1990). National Contemporary Dance Company (2009).

National Palace of Arts (1932; former "Palais de Glace"; art exhibitions and musical events have been held since 1960). Cultural centers: them. General San Martin (1970), "Recoleta" (“Recoleta”; 1980), etc.

Music

Orchestras: National Symphony of Argentina (1948); National Argentine Music. Juan de Dios Filiberto (“Juan de Dios Filiberto”; 1932), Philharmonic of Buenos Aires (1946; based on the orchestra of the Coló n theater).

Festivals

Annual international festivals: music (guitarists; since 1995), independent cinema (since 1999), tango (since 1999); design (at the Centro Metropolitano de Diseño site; in the Barracas district); Fashion Week (since 2001), etc. International Book Fair (since 1974; one of the five most important in the world).

Parks

Botanical Garden named after. Carlos Thays (1898). Zoo (1875; closed since 2016, transformed into an interactive ecological park without animals). Large city parks: "3 February" (1874; largest in area; urban area of ​​Palermo), "Avellaneda" ( "Avellaneda"; 1914; on its territory there is a cultural and ethnographic complex"Chakra de los Remedios», "Chakra de los Remedios"), "Almirante Brown" (1962; in the southwestern part Buenos Aires), "Patricios" ( "Patricios") and others. Coastal ecological reserve"Costanera Sur" (1986).

Sport

The most popular sport is football (Buenos Aires leads among all cities in the world in terms of the total capacity of football stadiums); basketball, volleyball, polo, field hockey, rugby, tennis and chess are also popular.

Multifunctional arenas: “Monumental” (“Monumental”; 1938; 61.6 thousand seats; home for the Atlético River Plate football club, 1901), named after. Alberto José Armando (“Alberto José Armando”, also known as “Bombonera”, "Bombonera"; 1940; 49 thousand places; there is a football club performing there"Boca Juniors" “Boca Juniors”, 1905), “José Amalfitani”, other name"El Fortin" "El Fortín"; 1951; 49.5 thousand places; home to Vélez Sarsfield Football Club, 1910; also hosts matches of the Argentina national rugby team), which hosted matches of the FIFA World Cup (1978); them. Tomás Adolfo Ducó (“Tomás Adolfo Ducó”; 1949; 48.3 thousand seats; home for a football club"Huracan" "Huracán", 1908) etc. Multi-purpose sports arena "Luna Park";tennis stadium named after Mary Terán de Weiss (“Mary Terán de Weiss”; 2006; 15.5 thousand places); polo field"Campo Argentino de Polo" ("Campo Argentino de Polo"; 1928; 15 thousand places; This is where the Argentine Open Polo Championship takes place.

The largest multifunctional stadiums in the suburban districts of Buenos Aires: in Avellaneda - El Silindro ( "El Silindro") named after. President J. D. Peron (1950; 50 thousand seats; home to the Racing football club, 1903) and"Libertadores de America" ​​("Libertadores de América"; 2009; 45.5 thousand places; hosts football club games"Independiente""Independiente", 1904); in Lanus - stadium. Nestor Diaz Perez (1929; 47 thousand seats; home for a football club“Lanus”, “Lanús”, 1915) etc.

Buenos Aires hosted many of the most important international sporting events: the America's Cup matches in different years; men's volleyball world championship (2002), polo world championships (1987), basketball (1990); the first Pan American Games (1951), South American Games (2006; both tennis tournaments). The historic World Chess Championship match between A. A. Alekhine and H. R. Capablanca took place here (1927), the World Chess Olympiads (1939 and 1978), and the final candidates match between T. V. Petrosyan and R. Fischer (1971) took place. . From 1953 to 1998, 20 stages of Formula 1 car racing took place. In 2009, 2010, 2011 and 2015, Buenos Aires was the starting and finishing point of the Dakar Rally. The Summer Youth Olympic Games will be held in 2018. The National Athlete Training Center is based here (1954).

Economy

One of the largest economic centers in the Southern Hemisphere. GRP $40.8 billion (2015; approx. 1/4 of Argentina's GDP). The basis of the city economy is the service sector (71.5% of employees, 2016); its leading sectors: administrative, financial, transport and logistics services, trade, science, education, healthcare, tourism business and maintenance of military facilities.

Here are based: the Buenos Aires Stock Exchange (BCBA; 1854, one of the oldest stock exchanges in Latin America; the central trading floor for securities - carries out 95% of exchange transactions in the country) and the head office of the Central Bank of the Argentine Republic (BCRA; 1935), headquarters apartments of the country's largest commercial banks, including the National Bank (BNA; 1891), Banco Galicia (1905; in terms of assets one of the ten largest banks in Latin America), Banco Provincia (1822), Banco Ciudad (1878), Banco Macro (1976), Banco Itaú Argentina (1998; a subsidiary of the Brazilian bank Itaú Unibanco), etc., the largest national insurance companies: “Caja de Seguros”, “QBE Seguros La Buenos Aires”, “Provincia Aseguradora de Riesgos del Trabajo”, “ Galeno ART", "Metlife Seguros", "Zürich Argentina" (in the structure of the Swiss "Zürich Insurance Group"), etc. Telephone communications and the Internet are provided by large telecommunications companies: "Telecom Argentina", the Spanish "Telefónica" (trademark "Movistar" ), American AT&T Communications, etc.; radio and television – “Canal 7 – TV Pública”, “Telefé”, “RTA Argentina”, “Radio Miter”, etc.

The autonomous city of Buenos Aires hosts the head offices of the largest national companies: Yacimientos Petrolíferos Fiscales (YPF; history dates back to 1922, from 1999 to 2012 under the control of the Spanish Repsol, nationalized in 2012; the largest company in Argentina, the 9th oil and gas company Latin America; production, transportation, refining and distribution of oil and natural gas), Pan American Energy (1997), Pluspetrol (1976) and Tecpetrol (1981; a division of Techint Group; all three are oil production and natural gas); “Bridas Corporation” (1948; oil and natural gas production, oil refining and construction), “Grupo Indalo” (history dates back to 1966, current name and status since 1999; oil production and refining, food industry, investment and media industry), Energía Argentina Sociedad Anónima (Enarsa; 2004; oil production and electricity production), the Italian-Argentine Techint Group (established in 1945 in Italy, since 1949 in Argentina; one of the largest producers of steel and seamless steel pipes in Latin America; also mining, construction and healthcare), "Zanella" (1948; production of motorcycles, mopeds, ATVs, etc.), "Boris Garfunkel e Hijos" (BGH; 1913; production of electronic equipment and household electrical appliances), "Bagó Group" ( 1934; pharmaceuticals and insurance business), Arcor (the country's main food company; confectionery production), Pérez Companc Family Group (1997; food and petrochemical industries, construction and services), Mastellone Hnos (1976; food industry, including the production of dairy products), "Ledesma" (1889; sugar cane growing, sugar, pulp and paper industry and bioethanol production), "Grupo Los Grobo" (one of the largest producers of wheat and soybeans in the country) , Molinos Rí o de la Plata (soy products and biofuels), Aerolineas Argentinas (1950; passenger and cargo air transport and tourism business), Grupo Clarín (1945; media), IRSA (real estate ) etc. Publishing plays an important role. Periodicals of national importance “Crónica”, “El Argentino” and “La Prensa” are published in Buenos Aires.

Buenos Aires is the main seaport of Argentina, one of the largest in South America. Total cargo turnover approx. 9 million tons (2015), St. 965 thousand TEU containers, 81.8 thousand vehicles, 1.28 million passengers (ferries, including in Montevideo, Uruguay) and 235.4 thousand cruise passengers. The operating terminals are: “Terminal 1/2/3” (over 57% of cargo turnover, 2015; includes the passenger terminal “Quinguela Martín”), “Terminal 4” (approx. 1/4), “Terminal 5” (over 16 %) and "Emcym" (approx. 1%). Export of goods from the seaport of Buenos Aires St. $365 million (2015); export of chemicals, pharmaceuticals, hides and skins; The main importers are the countries of the European Union and the MERCOSUR member countries. In the southern part of Buenos Aires, in the Patricios Park - Technological District (2008; information technology companies are based).

Major industrial companies also have their head offices in the suburban districts of Buenos Aires; among them are Quilmes (brewing; Quilmes), Mastellone Hermanos (dairy production; General Rodriguez), Aluar (largest aluminum producer) and Molinos Río De La Plata (flour milling, food processing industry; both – San Fernando), Acindar (steel and long products manufacturer; La Matanza), Laboratorios Roemmers (pharmaceutical industry; Vicente Lopez). Greater Buenos Aires is home to the Technology Park "Austral" (suburban district of Pilar) and the Technological Policy "Konstituyentes" (Vicente Lopez). Cultural and educational tourism has been developed (4.3 million tourists, 2015; about 1/2 of them are foreign, mainly from Brazil and European countries).

One of the largest military garrisons in the country, Campo de Mayo, is based in Greater Buenos Aires. (“Campo de Mayo”; 1901; special military operations; suburban districts of San Miguel and Tigre).

Greater Buenos Aires contains approx. 1/2 of all people employed in the country's industry. The share of employment in industry and construction in Buenos Aires is 12.3%. Buenos Aires proper – center of mechanical engineering, chemical, including pharmaceutical, food and flavoring, light and printing industries. There are factories for the production of cable products from the companies: Fonseca, Prysmian Energia Cables y Sistemas de Argentina (in the structure of Prysmian Group), Cibasa and Nexans Indelqui, pharmaceutical factories of the companies: Biosidus (protein production) , "Maprimed" (active ingredients for the pharmaceutical industry), "Instituto Massone" (hormonal preparations). Production of fabrics from chemical fibers at the factory of the company "Fibras Textiles"; There are enterprises in the clothing, leather and footwear, flour-grinding, baking and other industries.

Many large industrial enterprises are located outside the city limits. Within Greater Buenos Aires there are factories of the following companies: Termoelé ctrica" ​​(production of steam boilers and spare parts for them; suburban district of Lomas de Zamora), American "Ford Motor Company" (car engines; over 100 thousand units in 2014), German "Volkswagen Group" (car engines ; 72.1 thousand units; both in the suburban district of Tigre) and Daimler (Mercedes-Benz trucks, buses and minibuses; 17 thousand units and 12 thousand units, respectively; La Matanza ), French Peugeot (passenger cars; 55.5 thousand units in 2014; Moron), American Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company and Cooper Tire & Rubber Company, Japanese Bridgestone Corporation, Italian Pirelli & C." (all four are tires). Production of perfumes, cosmetics and hygiene products, pharmaceuticals at the enterprises of the following companies: Aerofarma Laboratories and Alicorp in the suburban district of La Matanza, Algabo in Malvinas Argentinas, Amyris and Amodil in Vicente Lopez . In the suburban district of Pilar there are one of the largest factories in Latin America for the production of pharmaceuticals from the German company Bayer and a plant of the Argentine company Buplasa (plastic products for the cosmetics and pharmaceutical industries).

In Greater Buenos Aires, most of the country's large meat processing enterprises specializing in beef production are concentrated: JBS Argentina (in the structure of the Brazilian company JBS; in the suburban district of Merlo), Marfrig Argentina (San Isidro), Compañía Bernal "(Quilmes), "Ecocarnes" and "Planta Faenadora Bancalari" (both San Fernando), "Frigorí fico Amancay Saicafi" (Pilar), "Frigorífico Rioplatense" (Tigre), "La Ganadera Arenales" (Esteban Echeverria), "Runfo" (La Matanza), etc. A processing complex is located in the suburban district of General San Martin waste "Complejo Ambiental Norte III" (the resulting biogas is used as fuel at the Central Buen Ayre thermal power plant; 2012; installed capacity 11.8 MW; the largest in the country running on biogas). There are industrial parks in the suburban counties of Escobar, Moron, Tigre and others.

The energy supply of Greater Buenos Aires is provided by the Costanera thermal power plant (1963–84; installed capacity 1997 MW, of which 859 MW is a gas turbine plant, 1998; runs on natural gas and fuel oil; managed by the Endesa-Costanera company; Retiro district in Buenos -Aires) and Puerto Nuevo (1952–70; 1019 MW; natural gas; SADESA Group; in the seaport of Buenos Aires), as well as two nuclear power plants - Atucha I (1974; 357 MW) and Atucha II" (2014; 740 MW).

Some tourists still wonder which country Buenos Aires is the capital of. This city is so original and unique that it can be safely called a small state. But it’s still worth answering that Baunos Aires is the capital.

If you look at a photo of Buenos Aires, you can see that the city, like the whole country, is full of contrasts. Here, ancient Spanish neighborhoods coexist with fashionable hotels, and numerous slums coexist with modern hotels. To appreciate all the beauty and originality of Buenos Aires, you need to see it at least once in your life.

Where is Buenos Aires?

Buenos Aires is one of the most visited cities in South America, which is largely due to its favorable geographical location. It is located in the southwestern part of the mainland in the bay of La Plata Bay. The Atlantic Ocean is located just 275 km from the city.

Those who don't know where the city of Buenos Aires is should look at a map of Argentina. Its capital is located in the east of the country, near the border with Uruguay. The geographical coordinates of Buenos Aires are as follows: 34°35′59″ S. w. 58°22′55″ W d.

Population and language of Buenos Aires

In October 2010, the population of Buenos Aires was 2,891,151 people. Most of the country's people are descendants of Spanish and Italian colonists who arrived here in the 16th-19th centuries. Currently, the city is home to a large number of hired workers who came to work from neighboring countries (Peru, Paraguay).

The official language of Argentina and, accordingly, of Buenos Aires is Spanish. At one time, the Lunfardo sociolect, which was a mixture of Spanish and Italian, was widespread here, but over time it disappeared.

There are many guides and agencies in Buenos Aires who organize city tours in Russian. Thanks to this, Russian-speaking tourists do not have to worry about the language barrier.

Climate of Buenos Aires

Buenos Aires, like all of Argentina, is characterized by a humid subtropical climate. Due to the fact that the city is located in the southern hemisphere, winter here lasts from June to August, and summer from December to February. Summers here are long, hot and stuffy, and winters are mild and warm. Sometimes it rains and snows.

The average temperature in Buenos Aires is approximately 18°C.

Neighborhoods of Buenos Aires

The administrative division of the Argentine capital is one of the most complex. The city is divided into communes, neighborhoods and districts, which were named after Catholic parishes or famous personalities. The largest districts of Buenos Aires are:

• Palermo;
• Barracas;
• Villa Lugano;
• Mataderos;
• Villa Soldati;
• Caballito et al.

In total, Buenos Aires has 15 communes and 48 neighborhoods, each of which has its own style, color and character. The most popular among tourists coming to Buenos Aires. This cultural district is a kind of Buenos Aires and Argentina itself. Musicians constantly perform on its streets, artists decorate their canvases, and local merchants sell souvenirs. Even the walls of the houses here are painted in different colors, so it seems that La Boca is a colorful carpet thrown over Buenos Aires.

The city's attractions

Buenos Aires is the capital of Argentina, the administrative, cultural and economic center of the country. In addition, it is located on the shores of the large bay-estuary of Rio de la Plata. The city is rich in ancient architectural buildings, museums, galleries and temples that were built several centuries ago.

Just to say that the main city of Argentina, Buenos Aires, has attractions is to offend it, since the capital has a huge number of religious buildings, galleries, palaces, museums and parks that you will need a lot of time to explore. So, we list the main tourist places that can be classified as must-sees in Buenos Aires:

• famous and ;
• ancient buildings, , and;
• Basilica of the Lady Protectress, built by the monks of Recoleto;
• , where the Museum of Natural History, the astronomical observatory and the mausoleum of Manuel Belgrano are located at the same time;
• Vuelta de Rocca– city blocks along the beautiful winding Parana River;
• Gallery of International Art Practices, where exhibitions, important international events, auctions and biennales are organized;
• , which acts as a reputable international publishing house and promotes talented young artists;
• parks and ;
• And ;
• areas and ;

Despite the fact that Argentina has a lot of clean and cultivated beaches, Buenos Aires cannot please its guests with good beaches and clean water. Very close to the city there are factories that pollute the river with their industrial waste and all the dirt, unfortunately, ends up near the beaches of the capital. In addition, the coast itself was wild for a long time, so local residents, like tourists, polluted it with impunity. But more recently, the authorities of Buenos Aires nevertheless took up this issue and cleared some part of the coast. They made the beaches suitable for, installed attractions, cafes and other entertainment there. But the water in the river still remains dirty, so not everyone dares to swim.

Admiring the capital of Argentina, many do not even know that Buenos Aires is also the name of the lake, which is located on the border of Chile and Argentina and captivates with its turquoise color, which softly shimmers into emerald. Inside this lake there are amazing marble caves, a walk in which brings incomparable pleasure.

Transport in Buenos Aires

You can navigate this modern metropolis with developed infrastructure using the following types:

• metro;
• buses;
• Taxi;
• bicycles.

If you prefer the metro, then be prepared for the fact that in Buenos Aires you will have to ride in the oldest cars in the world. This type of transport is not particularly popular among tourists and local residents, although a trip by metro costs only 5 ARS ($0.32).

Buses are the most accessible and convenient form of public transport in Buenos Aires. Here they travel almost around the clock and cover all areas of the city. There is never any crowding at bus stops, as passengers strictly follow the queue. The minimum fare is 3.5 ARS ($0.23).

Bicycle rental is currently in great demand in Buenos Aires. Especially for this purpose, 150 km of bicycle paths were laid in the city. The cost of renting a bicycle per day is 120 ARS ($7.7).

Shopping in Buenos Aires

In the music and souvenir shops of Buenos Aires you can buy absolutely everything - from products of local artisans to clothes from famous world designers. This is especially important for those tourists who do not know. If you are planning to send a parcel from Buenos Aires, then you should know that its postal code is 1601. The postal code may vary depending on the area in which you live.

Baunos Aires Restaurants

Buenos Aires has a huge number of restaurants where you can dine for a reasonable amount. There are no pretentious establishments here, but only cozy restaurants with delicious dishes. The local menu necessarily includes oxtails, steaks, medialunas (croissants), dulce de leche (Argentine condensed milk) and the best varieties of Argentine wine.

If you are a vegetarian, then you will not have a problem where to eat in Buenos Aires. This diverse city has many vegetarian and vegan options. While vacationing in Buenos Aires, be sure to visit this favorite place of celebrities.

Hotels in the capital

There are at least 850 operating in Buenos Aires, whose star rating does not always indicate quality. When choosing a hotel, you must first focus on the area in which it is located. The following hotels in Buenos Aires are the most popular among tourists:

• Mine Hotel Boutique;
• Fierro Hotel;
• Duque Hotel Boutique & Spa;
• Hilton Buenos Aires.

How to get to Buenos Aires?

Residents of the CIS countries can get here with a transfer in Madrid. The destination will be . If you are worried about how to get from the airport to Buenos Aires, you can use public transport. The journey will take no more than 1.5 hours and will cost 3.5 ARS ($0.23).

If you choose an ocean liner to travel to Buenos Aires, then the Quinquela Martin terminal, which is the largest in South America, operates in the capital’s port.

Don’t listen to those alarmists and dreamers who tell you how dangerous Buenos Aires is day or night. Yes, if you are a lonely drunk young petite girl, then of course you can get robbed at night. If you're a skinny, short guy, then maybe too. But you have to wander in such a way that it would be dangerous to go out into Russia. Below I will analyze the main situations that can pose a real danger to you in Buenos Aires.

Thieves on motorcycles is a real threat that exists not only in Buenos Aires, but also in the suburbs. It is usually difficult to oppose them with anything. They simply yank your phone, bag out of your hands, or rip off your camera and leave the place.
Pickpockets- they are also in Buenos Aires. Therefore, in crowded places and on public transport, keep your bag and pockets under control.
Eagles- these are the guys who take advantage of the last moment before the bus or train leaves. They make a sharp jerk, pulling their bag or phone out of their hands. They can climb into the window, they can stand in front of you in the subway. As soon as the signal sounds, they just pull what they like and jump out the door.
GOP stop- practically never found here. In any case, their main prey are teenagers and drunken old men or women.
Armed robbers- every case of armed robbery becomes a sensation, which is played on repeat on all channels from morning to night. This happens here, but very rarely.
Tricks with a pooping bird- a popular thing in the past. You are walking around the city and smell a pungent smell. Immediately women run to your aid with napkins and begin to help you dry off. And at the same time they take everything out of their pockets. After you have read this, you will no longer fall into such a trap. Bird shit is mayonnaise with rotten eggs in a syringe or syringe. If you feel the smell, feel free to shout “police!”
Homeless- generally absolutely safe.
Dangerous areas- most dangerous in the old city center, in the La Boca area with colorful houses and near two railway stations. But you don’t really need to go there. At least alone.
Car thefts and robberies- meet. Therefore, use an alarm and never open windows at traffic lights to strangers. If they want to rob your car at a traffic light, drive to the intersection.
Counterfeit money- fairy tales for tourists, from which those who offer illegal money exchange or chauffeur services for tourists profit. I have never seen counterfeit pesos, but yes, I have seen counterfeit dollars. With taxi drivers who sometimes slip counterfeit money (I’ve only seen this on TV), it’s better to pay without change or fold in the corner of your bill in advance.
Arrogant taxi drivers- there are such characters. Mostly they don't turn on the meter when they drive away. Tell them calmly: “I que pasa con taximetro?” (what happened to the meter?) If the driver does not turn it on, then ask him to stop and get out. If the driver demands more money than what is on the meter, agree to the police. By the way, nothing like this has ever happened to me or my tourists. Just rumors and rumors.
Arrogant waiters- they also exist. It’s easy to deal with them: re-read the bill at the restaurant. Never pay an invoice corrected by hand - invite an administrator. Waiters know how to deceive tourists for unplanned tips. If you put them in place, nothing bad will happen. If the amount is not critical for you, forget it.

Very important part. The crime rate in Argentina is lower than in Russia. It's safer here. But there is still a danger. When locals talk about how dangerous it is here, they compare Buenos Aires with Europe. You and I survived the 90s after the collapse of the USSR. We know exactly how, who and where we can be robbed. Nothing new has been invented in Argentina. Our instincts, caution and experience give us a huge advantage over the locals. We look at the street and at people differently. We know where and when not to wear gold jewelry, expensive bags and heels. During the years of living in Buenos Aires, I once had my wallet snatched on the bus. That's all. Although, people snatched phones from friends and even broke car windows. What can I say? Don't relax and look around. It is much safer here than in Brazil or Venezuela. Almost Europe. By the way, there are also street robbers on motorcycles and pickpockets there.

Buenos Aires is usually associated with Argentine tango, football and mate tea. However, in fact, this is a real city of contrasts, where ancient Spanish neighborhoods coexist next to huge skyscrapers, and slums lie not far from fashionable areas.

The old part of Buenos Aires resembles a mixture of Paris, London and Madrid, while its new areas are a modern, dynamic city with many storefronts, glass buildings, business centers and ultra-modern buildings.

In fact, Buenos Aires looks like a multi-colored mosaic, so it is difficult to find any dominant monument that would symbolize the city. Instead, it is made up of many districts, each with its own distinct flavor.

Although it is worth noting that the general development of Buenos Aires has retained the features of the colonial period, and its central part is replete with monuments and monuments, as well as parks and boulevards.

Climate and weather

Dominates in Buenos Aires subtropical humid climate, however, due to the fact that there are many rivers and lakes in the vicinity of the city, it has some distinctive features. Summer here is very muggy, with heavy rainfall and hot weather. The warmest month of the year is January, with an average monthly temperature of about +30 °C. Well, the coldest weather here occurs in July, when the thermometer drops to +15 °C and even lower. In autumn and spring, the air temperature is quite comfortable and acceptable (+18 ºC), but depends on the time of day. Precipitation occurs almost all year round, although the rainiest seasons are spring (September to December) and autumn (March to June). It is worth noting that most often seasonal rains do not last long, so they are not an obstacle to traveling to Buenos Aires.

Nature

Buenos Aires is located in the east of Argentina, 275 km from the Atlantic Ocean. The city lies in the bay of an estuary (river bay) La Plata, on the bank of a narrow and not very clean river Riachuelo. On the opposite coast of La Plata, 220 km from Buenos Aires, is the city Montevideo, capital of Uruguay. It is worth noting that the region in which Buenos Aires is located is a seismically quiet area and is characterized by a large number of rivers and lakes.

Attractions

Buenos Aires is famous for its wide variety of architectural monuments, theaters, museums and galleries, which will take several very busy days to explore. The heart of the city is the square Plaza de Mayo, where the most important and notable buildings are located:

• Cathedral,
• City Hall,
• La Casa Rosada (“The Pink House”) building, which serves as the seat of the Argentine government.

The most famous monument in Buenos Aires is a huge Obelisk(67 meters), which proudly stands on Republic Square. And not far from this grandiose building is the museum of the famous Argentine writer Jorge Luis Borges. Another world famous landmark of the city is Teatro Colon(1908), which has its own museum and ancient library. One cannot help but pay attention to House of Culture La Prensa, the Golden Hall of which is an exact copy of the hall of the Palace of Versailles.

Another remarkable place in Buenos Aires was Avenue 9 July, on the territory of which there are beautiful ancient buildings. Of these, it is worth highlighting Cabildo building, within the walls of which are located the National Museum and the Museum of the May Revolution. It is also recommended to take a walk around French Quarter, whose attractions include the Iglesia del Pilar church and the ancient cemetery.

Well, among the many museums in the city it is worth visiting:

• Museum of Natural Sciences,
• museum complex Caminito,
• Museum of Fine Arts,
• Fernandez Blanco Museum
• Film Museum, National History Museum,
• National Museum of Art.

Nutrition

Buenos Aires is a truly cosmopolitan city that offers a great variety of restaurants serving European, Chinese, Japanese, Arabic, Jewish and Latin American cuisine. In addition, there are restaurants such as McDonald's, vegetarian establishments and numerous pizzerias. However, in the capital of Argentina, first of all, one should pay tribute directly to the national cuisine. The most common and popular dishes that you can try in any restaurant here are “ parrillada" (a mixture of offal, steak and sausages), roast beef " bife de lomo», « Yugoso"(meat with blood), chicken in beer and vegetable soup" gazpacho" In addition, it is recommended to try fried shrimp Roman style, spicy oysters and smoked eel, as well as such rather exotic dishes as ostrich meat, fried oxtail and stewed armadillo. Well, for dessert they usually offer fruit pies, jelly " pankikes", ice cream " helado" and caramel " dulce de leche».

The national drink of Argentina is considered to be a tonic mate tea made from Paraguayan holly leaves. As for alcoholic drinks, it is worth trying the world-famous Argentinean wines made from the Torrontes and Malbec grape varieties. The local whiskey and gin are also quite good.

Accommodation

Buenos Aires has a great variety of hotels of any category, so finding temporary housing here is not at all difficult. The most unpretentious and cheap establishments are located in the area San Telmo, For example, Tanguera Hostel(from 12 $) or Tango & Bandoneon(from $16).

Near Ricoleta high-quality four-star hotels are concentrated ( Dazzler Tower Maipú, Dazzler Tower Recoleta, Intersur Recoleta etc.), well, the area Palermo boasts high-end designer hotels, very beautiful and very expensive ( Hotel Madero, Mio Buenos Aires, Casa Sur Art Hotel, Faena Hotel Buenos Aires).

The best option for tourists is the port area Puerto Madero, which accommodates many comfortable and not very expensive hotels: Unique Art Madero(from 56 $), Hotel de Las Luces(from $60) and many others.

Entertainment and relaxation

First of all, Buenos Aires is famous for its incredibly rich and vibrant nightlife, which almost never stops. Throughout the city you can find a variety of clubs, discos and bars, where interesting themed parties are held, fashionable DJs and performers perform, and exhibitions are held. In addition, the city has a large number of night theaters and cinemas. The main feature of Buenos Aires is the enchanting tango evenings, which simply fascinate with the beautiful outfits and skill of the dancers. One of the most famous and popular tango shows has become El Viejo Almacen, which combines live music (violin and bandoneon), professional dancing and luxurious decorations.

For fans of sports entertainment and active people, the city has numerous sports complexes, tennis courts and swimming pools.

In addition, Buenos Aires has a great variety of parks that are suitable for both active recreation and relaxing pastime. Of these, the largest and most visited is the most beautiful Park 3rd February. And in the immediate vicinity there is a planetarium and a zoo, as well as such interesting places for recreation as Andalusian courtyard, Japanese pavilion and Danish rose garden.

Purchases

The capital of Argentina has long been known as a great shopping destination with a huge selection of shops and fairly reasonable prices. Most of the upscale and luxury shops, as well as antique showrooms, are located on the streets Avenida Santa Fe And Calle Florida. This is where you can buy excellent leather goods, unique vintage goods, jewelry, precious stones and clothing from the most famous brands (Dior, Gucci, etc.). In addition, it is recommended to visit Palermo area, which is also famous for its excellent boutiques, where clothes from the most talented designers are sold and original suits are made to order. There are also a great many branded stores scattered throughout the city, offering items from more affordable brands (Cacharel, La Cost, etc.) at very attractive prices.

Buenos Aires is also famous for its large number of grandiose shopping centers, for example, Alto Palermo And Galerias Pacifico, in the pavilions of which you can literally buy absolutely everything - from souvenirs and children's toys to designer jewelry and luxury cosmetics.

The choice of souvenirs in the city is as great as the number of its retail spaces. The most popular items include woven rugs, sheepskin, guitars, wines, mate tea-making supplies, vicuna wool clothing, gaucho pants and ponchos.

Most shops are open from 09:00 to 19:30, on Saturdays until 13:00, and are closed on Sundays.

Transport

Buenos Aires has an extensive and developed public transport system, so you can always easily get anywhere in the city. The fastest way to get around here is the metro, whose lines connect the center of Buenos Aires with its outskirts. Tickets for travel are sold at almost all stations, and their cost is about $0.5. Buses are also considered an equally popular form of urban transport ( Colectivo), there are more than 130 routes, including night ones. Travel tickets cost $0.65 and are purchased from drivers during stops. In addition, the city has two tram routes, but they are not particularly popular.

It is worth noting that for tourists who arrived in Buenos Aires for the first time, it is initially more advisable to use one of the many taxis (on average $3-5 per trip).

Connection

In Argentina, communications and telecommunications are at a high level. For example, on the streets of Buenos Aires there are many public telephone booths from which you can make calls to anywhere in the world. Such devices operate on small coins or telephone cards, which are sold in post offices, supermarkets and tobacco kiosks. It is worth noting that the rates for international calls here are not too expensive, and there are discounts from 22:00 to 08:00.

Mobile communications, which are carried out here in the CDMA 800 and GSM 1900 standards, are also quite well developed. It is provided through operators Telecom Personal And Unifon, as well as their subsidiaries. Roaming is available to almost all guests of the country.

Network technologies in Argentina are developing no less intensively. You can easily find a public Internet cafe in the city ( Locutoria), where you can not only access the World Wide Web, but also make a call via IP telephony.

Safety

In terms of personal safety, the situation in Buenos Aires is quite calm, so there is practically no reason for serious concern here. However, it is worth noting that in the city, especially in public transport, pickpocketing is common, and there are also a fairly large number of all kinds of beggars. In addition, cases of petty fraud against foreigners are not uncommon. In this regard, in this city, as in any other metropolis, generally accepted measures of personal safety and property safety should be observed. In addition, in Buenos Aires, mainly on the outskirts, there are poor and disadvantaged areas that are strongly discouraged from visiting.

Business climate

Buenos Aires is not only the capital and administrative center of Argentina, but also the main financial and industrial center of the country, as well as one of the largest ports in South America. The main offices of such major companies as Bridas Corporation, Zanella, Enarsa, Aluar YPF etc. In addition, Buenos Aires is the most important center of mechanical engineering, on the territory of which the concern’s factories are located Ford, Toyota, Chrysler, Peugeot, as well as agricultural engineering.

At the moment, the most promising investments are investments in the service sector (real estate, information technology, financial intermediation, business services, etc.), as well as construction.

Real estate

Now the Buenos Aires real estate market is on the rise and is quite popular. Thus, over the past year, housing prices here have increased by 12-15%, and the number of transactions has increased by 12.6%. Cost of luxury apartments in areas Recoleta And Puerto Madero is about 4-6 thousand $ per 1 m2, although it can reach up to 10 thousand. Housing at much more affordable prices can be found in the area Barracas: $1.6-2.2 thousand per apartment.

In Argentina, tourists are given the opportunity to have their value added tax refunded. This can be done if the total amount of local purchases exceeds $200, and all receipts are saved. Compensation is issued at the airport or in stores that are part of the " Global Refund" It is also worth remembering that fur and leather goods purchased in Buenos Aires, as well as art and antiques, can only be exported with receipts.