How many inhabitants in mineral waters. Open the left menu mineral waters. Museums. Which are worth a visit

The Caucasus attracted the attention of representatives of various strata of society: the creative intelligentsia, the nobility, travelers, merchants, as well as romantic adventurers of all stripes, and of course those to whom the amazing waters promised hope for miraculous healing.

The picturesque nature of these places has inspired more than one generation of writers and poets: the majestic foothills of Elbrus, the winding channels of mountain rivers that carry their waters among fragrant valleys, azure waterfalls, vast expanses of the steppe generously endowed with the sun ... All this has created a surprisingly mild healthy climate, and many healing mineral waters and high-quality therapeutic mud glorified the Caucasus, both in our country and abroad.

The official history of one of the oldest balneological centers in Russia began in 1803. On the site of the first settlements and tent camps organized near healing springs, the first settlements, and then cities, began to grow very quickly. People of different professions and classes began to come here to improve their health “on the waters” and relax in a pleasant society. Gradually, the news of the miraculous properties of these places spread throughout Russia and Europe - the resort became a favorite place for recreation and treatment. But still, the peak of the popularity of this region falls on the Soviet era, when the journey for health became not as difficult and tiring as it was in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

After the revolution, nationalized hotels and private houses were converted into medical institutions. At the same time, the construction of sanatoriums, hydropathic centers and resort complexes was organized. During the war years, immediately after the liberation of the resorts in the spring of 1943, hospitals began to receive thousands of wounded Soviet soldiers. Thanks to the healing waters and mud, the selfless work of doctors and all the staff, hundreds of human lives were saved. In the post-war period, dozens of new deposits of mineral waters were discovered, the construction of hotels, sanatoriums, pioneer camps and resort complexes was going on at a rapid pace, and the range of medical and health services expanded. As a result, Caucasian Mineral Waters become a resort of all-Union significance, receiving up to one and a half million vacationers a year.

Today, the famous resort of Caucasian Mineralnye Vody is located on the territory of three subjects of the Federation: the Stavropol Territory, the Karachay-Cherkess Republic and the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic. Here are some of the best enterprises of the sanatorium complex, with a wide range of medical and health services offered.

A fan of foreign health resorts will be interested to know that Caucasian Mineralnye Vody is a unique region in which almost all types of mineral waters are represented - more than 130 sources! You will not find such a variety in composition, quality and healing properties anywhere in the world!

In addition, just 12 kilometers from Pyatigorsk is the famous Tambukan Lake, at the bottom of which there are hundreds of thousands of tons of healing silt. Every year, for the needs of sanatoriums and health resorts, about 10 thousand tons of therapeutic mud is mined here, which is also recognized as one of the best in the world.

But even those who have not heard of the Kavminvod resorts are well aware of another area of ​​activity in the region - the production of bottled mineral water. The legendary "Essentuki" and "Narzan" are familiar to everyone since childhood. These and other types of water are now supplied throughout Russia and neighboring countries.

Another interesting direction that continues to develop actively every year is educational and sports tourism. In a land with a rich history and culture, many interesting natural sites, there is no shortage of attractions. Therefore, many tourists come here not so much for recovery, but for vivid sightseeing impressions, a peaceful atmosphere for long walks and active sports holidays in the mountains.

Based: 1803
Square: 5.3 thousand km 2
Population: 1,194,859 people (2018)
Currency: Russian ruble
Language: Russian
Off.site:/ http://www.adm-kmv.ru/

Flight time:
from Moscow - from 2 hours 15 minutes.
from St. Petersburg - from 3 hours
from Kazan - from 4 hours 50 min. (1-2 transplants)
from Yekaterinburg - from 3 hours 5 minutes.
from Novosibirsk - from 4 hours 35 minutes.

The most popular resorts in the Caucasian Mineralnye Vody region are Kislovodsk, Essentuki, Zheleznovodsk and Pyatigorsk. Each resort town has its own medical specialization.

Kislovodsk- is considered the sunniest and greenest resort. On the territory of the city, in addition to the famous medicinal narzans, there is a huge park for walking, which goes far into the mountains. Favorable climatic conditions and crystal clear air, saturated with tart smells of resin and needles, create a wonderful healing effect. It is recommended for the treatment of the cardiovascular system and the gastrointestinal tract.

Essentuki— a small cozy resort specializing in the treatment of endocrine disorders, gastrointestinal tract, liver and bile ducts. Perhaps this is the main healing "source" of mineral waters in the Caucasus.

Zheleznovodsk— the smallest and quietest resort among its fellows, but no less famous! This is the only resort in Russia and Europe with hot calcium mineral waters. Therefore, the main specialization of the resort is the treatment of diseases of the genitourinary system and metabolic disorders. This resort can also be considered for the treatment of respiratory organs.

Pyatigorsk- the most versatile resort of the CMS. It is famous for its mud treatment, but in general it is a universal resort for a comprehensive recovery.

How to get there

Getting to the famous resorts is quite easy and relatively inexpensive. If the trip is not planned during the high season, then train tickets can cost you more than a plane ticket. The cost of trips by electric trains running in Kavminvody is comparable in price to similar trips in big cities. Minibuses and taxis are cheaper than in metropolitan areas. When planning a trip, remember that most of the routes, no matter where you come / fly from, will lead you to Mineralnye Vody - the main transfer point.

Airplane

In Mineralnye Vody there is the largest international airport in the south of the country, which daily receives flights from different cities of Russia and neighboring countries. The plane is the most convenient and fastest way to get to the Caucasus Mineral Waters. The flight time from Moscow will be about two hours, from St. Petersburg - about three. When looking for air tickets, pay attention to S7 Airlines and NordStar, which have interesting budget offers. The Mineralnye Vody airport itself is small, but modern, located at a distance of 4 km from the city.

If your further route runs through the Mineralnye Vody railway station, from which electric trains depart to popular resort cities, we recommend using a fixed-route taxi No. 10, No. 11. Minibuses depart from the airport every 30-40 minutes. from 6.00 am to 19.30 pm. Choosing route number 11, you will reach the city bus station, which is also connected by routes with many resort cities: Kislovodsk, Pyatigorsk, Essentuki, Dombay and others (travel time to the bus station is about 10 minutes). Do not believe taxi drivers who talk about the cancellation of these routes or long breaks between flights. Taxi services can be used if you want to get to other cities of Cavminvod without transfers. For example, a taxi ride to Kislovodsk, on average, will cost you 900 rubles (January 2016).

Train

Before choosing this method of transportation, we recommend that you look at how many days you need on the road. Even fast trains in this direction make a large number of stops and do not go quickly, so the trip can be quite tiring, especially during the hot season. Like the airport, the Mineralnye Vody railway station is one of the most important transport points in the region. You can get to it, and the terminal station of the North Caucasian Railway - Kislovodsk, without transfers from many cities in Russia.

The station in Mineralnye Vody corresponds to the status of the station - a majestic building, with massive columns, a dome, stained-glass windows and frescoes, quite spacious and comfortable for waiting. In front of the entrance you will be met by the famous sculpture "Eagle defeating the Snake" - the symbol of the Caucasian Mineral Waters. Trains depart from the station on long-distance and suburban routes.

Separately, it should be noted the excellent transport links within the territory of the Caucasian Mineral Waters! Suitable trains on the Mineralnye Vody - Kislovodsk branch (its length is 64 km) are the main public transport between the cities of Kislovodsk, Essentuki, Pyatigorsk, Beshtau, Mineralnye Vody. Electric trains also run to Georgievsk, Nevinnomyssk, Budennovsk and other cities of the Stavropol Territory, with the exception of Zheleznovodsk. To get to Zheleznovodsk, you need to get off at the Beshtau station (located 6 km from Zheleznovodsk) and continue your journey by taxi or bus number 10 (about 5-7 minutes). If a long-distance train does not stop at the Beshtau station (for example, No. 004С "Kavkaz" from Moscow), then from the Mineralnye Vody railway station (from the station square), as well as from the bus station, you can get to Zheleznovodsk by bus or minibus No. 107.

Electric trains run very often, at intervals of 40 minutes - 1 hour 20 minutes (depending on the time of day), from 5 am to 11 pm. And, importantly for the convenience of tourists, in every city, even the smallest, the train makes 2-3 stops! The train schedule changes periodically. Fare, for example: Mineralnye Vody - Kislovodsk - 154 rubles. 20 k., Kislovodsk - Essentuki - 64 rubles. 10 k., Kislovodsk - Pyatigorsk - 115 rubles. 90 k. (2016)

Distance between cities KMV

Bus

You can get to the resorts of Kavminvod by direct bus from many large cities in Russia. From Moscow to Kislovodsk, through the resort towns, comfortable buses run, departing mainly from the South Gate bus station. Travel time will be a little more than a day, the ticket price is about 2000 rubles (2016). The main carrier in the North Caucasus region is Kavminvodyavto, which also operates regular flights on the Moscow-Kislovodsk route and flights to nearby regions.

Bus stations and bus stations of the KMV hub

Kislovodsk: the bus station is located outside the city - st. Promyshlennaya, d. 4, getting to it is not very convenient. Opening hours from 6:00 to 19:00. Serves the following directions: Arzgir, Anapa, Astrakhan, Baku, Blagodarny, Budyonnovsk, Vladikavkaz, Volgograd, Gelendzhik, Georgievsk, Grozny, Derbent, Krasnodar, Labinsk, Maikop, Makhachkala, Mozdok, Moscow, Nazran, Neftekumsk, Nalchik, Oktyabrsky, Prokhladny, Stavropol, Sochi, Cherkessk.

Mineral water: There are two bus stations in the city: the old one is on the street. Gagarina, d. 98 (working hours from 06:30 to 18:00) and the New bus station "Ruslan", located on the street. Sovetskaya, d. 97 (working hours from 5.00 to 23.00 without breaks and days off). Buses depart from the new bus station in all directions of the Kavminvodyavto carrier.

Essentuki: the bus station is located on the street. Gagarin, d. 93 behind the complex of the Central market. Finding it is also not easy because of the proximity to the market and the large traffic congestion. The building is old, in poor condition, you should not count on a comfortable waiting for a flight. Opening hours from 5:00 to 19:30. Serves the following directions: Arzgir, Anapa, Astrakhan, Baku, Blagodarny, Budyonnovsk, Vladikavkaz, Gelendzhik, Derbent, Maikop, Makhachkala, Mozdok, Moscow, Nalchik, Novoselitskoye, Prokhladny, Stavropol, Stepnoye, Uchkeken.

Pyatigorsk: the main bus station is located in the city center at the intersection of Kalinina avenue and st. Bunimovich. Opening hours from 5:45 to 21:00. Serves northern flights: Mineralnye Vody, Stavropol, Krasnodar, Rostov-on-Don, Moscow. Shuttle buses to Nalchik, Cherkessk, Vladikavkaz, Makhachkala and Grozny also depart from this station.

There are several more bus stations in Pyatigorsk. Shuttle buses depart from the Verkhniy Rynok bus station to the suburbs and neighboring settlements, including Kabardino-Balkaria. The most popular routes are: No. 108: "Pyatigorsk - Georgievsk", No. 130: "Pyatigorsk - Vin-Gardens" and No. 112: "Pyatigorsk - Lermontov". Shuttle buses run from the bus station at the railway station to Lermontov - No. 112, Zheleznovodsk - No. 213, Mineralnye Vody - No. 223. City bus No. 1 runs to the resort area and Lake Proval, boarding the bus at the barrier.

Zheleznovodsk: a small bus station is located on the Station Square of the railway station. Opening hours from 06:00 to 17:00. Public transport routes and several intercity flights stop here.

Bus schedule for Mineralnye Vody bus station

Automobile

The nearest highways of federal significance to Kavminvodam are M29 (“Caucasus”, passes through Mineralnye Vody and Inozemtsevo) and A157 (section of the road Mineralnye Vody - Kislovodsk). The road Lermontov - Cherkessk (A156) is ten kilometers south of the city. You can get from Moscow to Kislovodsk along the M4 Don Federal Highway (E115), through Rostov-on-Don to the village of Pavlovskaya in the Krasnodar Territory, and then along the M29 (E50) highway through Mineralnye Vody.

Climate and weather in Caucasian Mineralnye Vody

The climate in the Caucasus Mineralnye Vody region depends on the particular city, because the mountains are able to form unique weather in a relatively small area.

For example, due to the fact that Kislovodsk located higher than other resort towns of the Caucasus Mineralnye Vody region, sunny weather is observed here for about 150 days a year. The climate in Kislovodsk is temperate continental, the city is surrounded by the Caucasus Range, which protects it from cold winds and creates a special mountain climate.

Mineral water- a city, the administrative center of the Mineralovodsky urban district of the Stavropol Territory. It is part of the ecological resort region Caucasian Mineralnye Vody.

Name variations

• Mineralnye Vody (Kumskaya)
• Min-Water (in everyday use)

Geography

The city is located in the valley of the Kuma River, about 130 km southeast of Stavropol. The city has the largest airport in the south of Russia, connecting the Caucasian Mineralnye Vody region with other regions of Russia, the junction station of the North Caucasian railway on the Armavir-Prokhladnaya line with a branch to Kislovodsk, the M-29 Caucasus federal highway. From here you can get to the resort towns of Zheleznovodsk, Pyatigorsk, Essentuki, Kislovodsk, as well as to the city of Lermontov.

The city stands (at an altitude of ? 330-350 m above sea level; 300 m - in Zavokzalie, in the Kuma region) at the foot of the picturesque Zmeyka Mountain, 994 m above sea level. Most of the mountain is covered with Beshtaugor forest, and part of the city is a formidable view of rocks and quarries connected by a serpentine of old roads. In the middle of the last century, building rock was actively developed here and a stone processing plant was operating. In good weather, the peaks of Elbrus are visible from the city, which is 91 km in a straight line. From the city you can go to it by sightseeing bus, by road this distance will increase to 250 km.

The climate of the city is relatively dry, moist air masses from the Black Sea do not reach here, they are delayed by the Main Caucasian Range. The climate of the city of Mineralnye Vody is characterized by contrast - hot, dry summers, frosty and rainy winters. Spring and summer are clearly expressed. The coldest months are January and February, the warmest are July and August. Spring starts at the end of February.

Summer starts in mid-May. It is warm and long (about 140 days). Autumn begins in late September - early October. The best time of the year for recreation and travel is autumn. It is sunny, dry, rich in fruits and bright colors of landscapes. Precipitation on the territory of the city falls extremely unevenly over the seasons of the year and ranges from 300 mm to 600 mm per year.

The city of Mineralnye Vody is located mainly in the steppe zone. The plains here have long been mastered, plowed up and built up, virgin areas with silvery feather grass have survived only in small fragments along the roadsides. Here, in addition to feather grass, fescue, thin-legged, couch grass grow on soils, speedwell turns blue in spring, gray leaves of white-tomented dubrovnik, yellow baskets of elecampane, prickly rosettes of zopnik appear in summer. At the foot of the mountain on saline soils, Crimean wormwood, creeping kochia and kermek are abundant. The fauna of the territory is significantly reduced and changed by man. In the steppe areas, you can occasionally see a hare, a jerboa, a gray hamster, a hedgehog, a steppe ferret. Vole mice live here. The mounds of the earth are lined up in a row, which indicates the underground work of the common mole rat. And also there are an eagle, a hawk, an owl and an owl.

The city owes its birth to the construction of the Rostov-Vladikavkaz railway. Construction was completed in 1875. The junction station with a branch to Kislovodsk was named "Sultanovskaya", since it was located on the lands that belonged to the former Crimean Sultan Girey. At that time, about 500 workers lived in the right-of-way (the territory owned by the joint-stock company of the railway, limited by a concrete wall), serving the local locomotive depot, station and other railway enterprises. And nearby, on the lands of the Sultan Dzhanbek-Girey, with his consent, new settlers soon settled. These were mainly handicraftsmen and merchants who supplied their products and goods to the railway workers. The settlers petitioned the authorities to form a settlement. In 1878, the settlement received a legal status and the name "Sultanovsky".

In 1929-1930, enterprises for the extraction and processing of non-metallic materials appeared - the Zmeyka stone crushing plant and the Beshtaunit mine. After the construction of the airport in 1925, the city became an important point on the main air routes of the USSR. In 1924, the Mineralovodsky district was formed by the Decree of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee.

The Holy Monk Theodosius of the Caucasus (1841-1948) lived in Mineralnye Vody from 1931 to 1948, after returning from the Solovetsky Islands, he accepted the feat of foolishness. In recent years, he lived with novices in a small damp house with low ceilings. In December 1994, in the Stavropol diocesan administration, the diocesan council raised the question of studying the life of Hieroschemamonk Theodosius and of the people's veneration of him as a saint of God. The relics of the Holy Reverend Theodosius of the Caucasus are in the Church of the Intercession of the Most Holy Theotokos.

In the first days of the Great Patriotic War, 18 thousand mineral water workers went to the front. Their jobs were taken by women and children. Some enterprises switched to the production of military products. 6,269 residents of the city were awarded orders and medals, 12 people were awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union. 7 thousand mineral water workers died in the war.

On the evening of August 8, 1942, the 40th German tank corps of the 1st tank army of Baron Leo-Geir von Schweppenburg approached the northern bank of the Kuma River, where he was met by the defenders of the city - cadets of the Novocherkassk cavalry school. On August 10, the city was occupied by the troops of Nazi Germany. The railway station "Mineralnye Vody" was an extremely important facility, through it went the provision of German troops advancing on Vladikavkaz and Baku. The German commandant's office was located in the building of the railway station, where interrogations were conducted. Outside the city, near the glass factory, there was a deep anti-tank ditch, in which massacres of civilians were carried out daily. More than 10 thousand people from all Caucasian Mineralnye Vody were killed and buried there.

On January 11, 1943, a Soviet tank battalion under the command of Captain Petrov entered the city along the railway line from Prokhladny, advancing in the direction of the railway station, where the main enemy forces were concentrated. At the same time, rifle units entered the city. Soviet troops blocked several trains with German equipment, uniforms and food at the station. On the street "50 years of October" there is a memorial to tankers with a T-34-85 tank.

After the war, Mineralnye Vody became one of the largest cities in the Stavropol Territory.

On June 5, 1964, the Council of Ministers of the RSFSR decided to restrict the registration of citizens in the resort cities of Pyatigorsk, Kislovodsk, Zheleznovodsk, Essentuki, Mineralnye Vody and adjacent settlements in the Stavropol Territory.

monuments

• Mass grave to the red partisans who died in the civil war of 1918-1920.

• Monument to V. I. Lenin - the intersection of the avenues of Karl Marx and the XXII Party Congress. It was installed on November 5, 1960.
• Monument-memorial "Fire of Eternal Glory" to the soldiers who died during the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945. Opened May 9, 1976
• Monument to General Yermolov.
• Monument to tankers on the Dzhemukha River.
• Monument to St. Sergius of Radonezh, erected in December 2014.
• Monument to Peter and Fevronia at the entrance to the local registry office, installed on July 9, 2013.

Attractions

From 1998 to 2008, at the entrance to the city there was a stele "Mineral Waters", installed on the 120th anniversary of the city. In its place, the Vershina shopping and entertainment center was built.

Attractions

26271

At the junction of the Stavropol Upland and the northern slopes of the Greater Caucasus Range, almost at an equal distance from the Black and Caspian Seas, five cities are located, forming a polycentric agglomeration - "Caucasian Mineralnye Vody". The history of this exceptional place as a popular balneotherapy resort goes back to the 19th century, namely in 1803, when Alexander I signed the rescript "On the recognition of the state significance of the Caucasian Mineral Waters and the need for their construction." Since then, a large-scale development of the area has begun, in particular, the study of its main wealth - mineral springs, of which there are more than 130! There are also large deposits of healing mud on the territory of the CMS. The advantages of the resort, which is considered one of the most environmentally friendly and hospitable regions of Russia, also include a mild climate with a lot of sunny days, mountain air and unusually beautiful landscapes.

Numerous advantages of CMS were appreciated by well-known figures in politics, science, culture and art, whose names are associated with a number of monuments and historical sites, which, together with natural splendor, make up the appearance of famous resort cities.

A kind of gateway to the "Forge of Health" is the city of Mineralnye Vody, located at the foot of Mount Zmeyka, in the valley of the Kuma River. Today it is, first of all, a transport hub and a transit point: from here, tourists, as a rule, go to the mineral water resorts - Zheleznovodsk, Pyatigorsk, Essentuki and Kislovodsk. This role is due to the historical past of the city, which arose in 1878 as a settlement at the junction station of the Rostov-Vladikavkaz railway. The former village of Sultanovsky received city status in 1921. And in 1925, an air station was opened here, which made Minvody one of the first "winged" cities of the Soviet Union. The modern international airport "Mineralnye Vody" appeared in the 60s. XX century, in the early 2010s, it was reconstructed and is now the largest airport in the south of the country.

Another "transport" attraction is the building of the Minvod station, which is an example of Soviet neoclassicism. It should be noted that, in general, the architectural appearance of the Minvod is made up of buildings of the post-war period: the city was seriously damaged during the fascist occupation. The main city temple - Intercession Cathedral - was built already in 1997.

The Mineralnye Vody Museum of Local Lore tells about the history, culture, and natural wealth of the region. It will be interesting to visit the house-museum of Alexei Bibik, a proletarian writer who lived in Minvody until the age of 99. Such an amazing example of longevity is not the only one in the region with incredibly healthy conditions.

The picturesque surroundings of the city did not become an exception for placing here a wonderful health resort - the sanatorium "Mineralnye Vody", on the territory of which there is a source with a drinking pump room.

The name of the oldest resort Kavminvod was given by the nearby five-domed mountain Beshtau - the highest elevation of the region. The city is located at the foot of another mountain - Mashuk, on the southwestern and southern slopes of the Stavropol Upland. Within the boundaries of Pyatigorsk there are also mountains Dubrovka, Piket, Post and others. Healing waters, amazing beauty of mountains and valleys, mild climate, a large number of historical sights are the specifics of Pyatigorsk tourism. But first things first.

Pyatigorsk, first of all, is famous for its exceptional variety of mineral springs, the first of which were explored back in the 90s of the XVIII century. Since 1803, medical institutions began to appear here, more and more new sources were opened. So, gradually the former military fortification in the valley of Mount Mashuk turned into a first-class Russian health resort. Today in Pyatigorsk there are about 50 wells and mineral springs with different types of healing water, more than 20 of them are actively used for medical purposes. Such water wealth, combined with the therapeutic mud of Lake Tambukan, used in Pyatigorsk sanatorium complexes, makes it possible to classify the city as one of the most effective multi-profile resorts in modern Russia.

Sanatoriums in Pyatigorsk are adjacent to numerous parks, museums and historical and architectural monuments. In the center of the oldest city park "Flower Garden" (before the revolution - "Nikolaevsky"), planned back in 1828, there is the Lermontov Gallery - an interesting building of the early 20th century and a concert and exhibition complex that is still operating today. From the "Flower Garden" you can climb a wide stone staircase to another historical building - the Academic (Elizabeth) Gallery, from the observation platform of which a magnificent panorama of the city and its environs opens.

A number of sights in Pyatigorsk are inextricably linked with the name of Mikhail Yurievich Lermontov. Among the places to visit are Lermontov's House, where one of the departments of the State Museum-Reserve M.Yu. is now located. Lermontov; the place of the duel between Lermontov and Major N.S. Martynov; Grotto of Diana, where the poet has visited more than once; Grotto of Lermontov, captured by him in the novel "A Hero of Our Time". Another cult place in Pyatigorsk, immortalized in Russian literature, was Proval - a karst cave with an underground lake. It was here that the character of the "Twelve Chairs" - Ostap Bender, managed to earn money, taking a fee for visiting the legendary landmark. Today, at the entrance to Proval, you can see a modern bronze sculpture of the “great strategist”. A monument to the main character of Pyatigorsk - Lermontov - has been decorating the city since 1889. Numerous monuments and ancient buildings are surrounded by dense greenery of centuries-old trees and the bewitching beauty of mountain landscapes.

Among the four resorts of Kavminvod, the first place in terms of the number of health resorts is unconditionally occupied by cozy and sunny Kislovodsk, the main asset of which is the world-famous narzan. Like Pyatigorsk, the city arose from a military fortress and village. Its founders and first inhabitants were Russian soldiers. Of particular importance in the development of the city was the activity of General A.P. Yermolov, on whose orders the creation of the famous Kurortny Park, once the largest park in Europe in terms of area, began.

In the second half of the 19th century, Kislovodsk was already a popular comfortable resort, attracting representatives of famous merchant and noble families. Today, as well as more than a century and a half ago, numerous people who want to improve their health gather near the Narzan Gallery, built in the Gothic style. Healing narzan is not only drunk, but used for bathing. The "Eastern" building of the Main Narzan Baths, erected at the very beginning of the last century, is one of the most interesting buildings in the city.

In total, there are more than a hundred architectural monuments and historical sights in Kislovodsk. So the rest here promises to be not only useful, but also informative. Be sure to visit the old theater and concert hall. V. Safonov (Philharmonic building), where Sergei Rachmaninov gave a concert, Fyodor Chaliapin sang. The great artist of the world opera theater did not just tour in Kislovodsk, but rented a mansion here for his family. The historic building, known as Chaliapin's Dacha, today houses a literary and musical museum dedicated to the legendary singer.

Walks along the winding streets of the center of Kislovodsk with its original old buildings can be alternated with longer routes that involve gradual ascents into the mountains. For terrenkur (health walking), the Kurortny Park is perfect, where six different routes have been laid. The sea of ​​greenery, the purest rarefied air will make it easy to overcome more than one kilometer and at the same time get great pleasure.

More than one legend has been composed about the origin of the city and the toponym Essentuki, there are many scientific points of view on this issue. According to the most common of them, the name comes from the name of Khan Yessentug, the ruler of a large Golden Horde settlement located not far from the modern city. But from the Karachai language, "Essen tyuk" is translated as "living hair." The explanation for this is a beautiful legend about the healing of a boy, the son of a rich prince, on whose head, after bathing in a local spring, beautiful curls grew.

Today, many ailments are treated with mineral waters bearing the same name as the famous balneological resort town. The richest in terms of water volume and mineral composition are the Essentuki-4 and Essentuki-17 springs. There are other sources, each of which has its own medicinal properties.

The pride of Essentuki is the Mud bath named after. ON THE. Semashko is the largest institution of its kind in Europe. The grandiose complex in the spirit of neoclassicism was erected in 1913-1915. For more than a hundred years, procedures have been carried out here with the therapeutic mud of the Tambukan Lake. Another large-scale attraction of the city is the largest drinking gallery on the European continent, Pyatityatyachnik, which can accommodate up to 5,200 vacationers per shift. It is impossible not to mention the Zander Institute of Mechanotherapy, built at the end of the 19th century. The building of unusual architecture housed an institution no less unusual for its time - the prototype of a modern fitness center, where "simulators" for therapeutic exercises, developed by the Swedish physiotherapist Gustav Zander, were located.

At the foot of Zheleznaya Mountain and partly on its eastern slopes, there is the smallest of the cities of the CMS - Zheleznovodsk. The area of ​​​​its territory is only 93 square meters. km, which does not detract from the merits of the resort, which is also distinguished by the wealth of mineral springs, the presence of interesting historical and natural monuments.

The first two hot springs on the slope of Mount Zheleznaya were discovered in 1810 by the outstanding Russian doctor Fyodor Gaaz. In the same year, a health resort with a bath was built. To date, more than 20 springs come to the surface in Zheleznovodsk. The oldest of them - the Lermontov spring - is still functioning, being, moreover, one of the sights of the city: the great Russian poet has been here too.

Mud therapy has been practiced in Zheleznovodsk for more than a century. For medical procedures in 1893, a Moorish-style building was erected - the Baths, named after the Russian statesman, Minister of State Property M.N. Ostrovsky.

By analogy with the Lermontov Gallery in Pyatigorsk, in the medical park of Zheleznovodsk there is the Pushkin Gallery - an original building made of iron and glass, created for concerts and exhibitions. Not far from the gallery is another famous monument of the city - the Emir's Palace, which reproduces the features of Central Asian architecture. Today, the former residence of the Emir of Bukhara is occupied by a sanatorium.

The resort is distinguished by amazingly picturesque nature: the city, located in the valley of the Dzheymuk and Kuchuk rivers, is surrounded by mountains and a natural forest. From the foot of the Zheleznaya mountain - the main natural attraction of Zheleznovodsk - a terrenkur route with a length of more than 3 km has been laid. From the top of the mountain, at an altitude of 853 m above sea level, there is a magnificent view of all the surroundings of the Caucasian Mineral Waters.

See all objects on the map

In the specially protected resort region of Russia (Caucasian Mineral Waters), which is located in the Stavropol Territory, there is a small town - Mineralnye Vody. The name of the settlement carries exhaustive information, although there are no sources of healing waters in the city itself.

But this place attracts tourists with a dry, warm climate, a large number of sunny days, which made it possible to have a complex of medical institutions and many hotels here. Attractions here are not those for which it would be specially worth coming. But still in Minvody there is something to see between medical procedures and rest.

And since Mineralnye Vody is a major transport hub with an airport and a railway station, from here you can make exciting excursions around.

Map

Attractions marked on the map of the city:

This hill appeared as a result of volcanic activity. It is located near the city and is a protected natural monument. If we translate its name from the Turkic language - Zhlak-tau - then it will turn out: "snake mountain". There are two versions of the origin of the name:

• The mountain, covered with rich vegetation, was a haven for snakes;
• The mountain slopes are dotted with ravines, narrow and winding, which look like the bodies of snakes.

The height of this natural monument is 994 meters. Archaeologists who studied the mountain discovered a stone structure, inside of which ancient shards were found. Near the Serpent are the ruins, which are considered the remains of an ancient altar.

Also near the city is Mount Sheludivaya of volcanic origin. It is slightly lower than the Snake (874 meters), and its slopes are covered with talus, which was the reason for the name. On one of the slopes of the mountain there are garden plots of local residents.

Temples and cathedrals

Address: st. Pyatigorskaya, 35
Telephone: +7 87922 524 16
Working mode: daily, from 7:00 to 19:00.

This temple is considered the main attraction of both Mineralnye Vody and the entire Stavropol Territory. Construction began in 1992, and construction lasted 5 years. The building was planned by the architect M. K. Mikhailovich.

The cathedral is an architectural complex, including:

• The church building itself;
• Belfry with eight bells;
• Outbuildings;
• Administrative building.

The cathedral became the main shrine of the city. The interior decoration is very beautiful. The walls are painted in a single composition, and the iconostasis has several tiers.

Address: st. Freedom, 94
Telephone: +7 87922 575 05
Working mode: every day from 7:00 to 19:00.

The construction of this building began in 1950, but the church received its current name only 47 years later. Its architecture is simple, and in addition to the main building there is also a bell tower. Everything is enclosed by red brick walls.

The interior decoration is modest. The walls are decorated with a few paintings and faces of saints.

Historical buildings, monuments, museums

Address: st. Lenina, 42a

Within the city there is a railway station, which is an architectural monument made in the Baroque style. The monumental structure, surrounded by columns, was erected in 1955.

At least one and a half thousand people can be inside the huge premises of the station at the same time. This station is operational, although its restructuring is planned.

Sculpture "Eagle"

Address: st. Lenina, 42a (near the city station)

There are sculptures of an eagle in every resort of the Caucasian Mineral Waters (KMV). The proud bird tightly grips the snake in its steel claws. The eagle is a symbol of health, and the snake represents disease. Here, at the resorts of the CMS, this is exactly what happens - health conquers ailments.

The silhouette of the bird is cast from bronze, and the pedestal on which it stands is carved from stone.

Museum of Local Lore

Address: st. Proletarian, 137
Telephone: +7 87922 614 00, +7 87922 612 31
Working mode: Mon-Fri from 9:00 to 17:00, break: 13:00 - 14:00.

In 1999, it appeared on the basis of the city museum. There are several departments of specific topics:

• paleontology;
• archeology;
• city ​​`s history;
• history of the events of the Great Patriotic War;
• a collection dedicated to the writer A.P. Bibik.

House of the writer Bibik

The museum is located in an adobe house where the writer lived for the last 20 years of his life. Here he worked on his book "To the Broad Road".

The collection of the museum, opened in 1990, contains the personal belongings of the writer, his drafts, old books. The interior of the premises remained the way Bibik remembered it.

Address: st. Knyshevsky, 9, Aircraft Plant No. 411 GA
Telephone:+7 87922 566 33, +7 87922 637 66 – plant administration
Before visiting, prior arrangement is required.

This museum is located on the territory of the local aircraft repair plant. Here in the open air you can see the famous airplanes and helicopters: Mi-1, Mi-8, Yak-40, Li-2.

It cannot be said that all the exhibits are perfectly preserved, because even here the weather conditions are not always favorable. But you can get acquainted with the photographs of the first flights, as well as see some interesting historical documents.

This plant is located at the very foot of the picturesque Zmeyka mountain. In the 80s of the XIX century, Count S. A. Stroganov brought horses of Arab blood to Russia. From that moment, the construction of the plant began, the place for which was chosen by the count himself, taking as a basis the similarity of the climatic conditions of the former habitat of the horses.

The revolutionary whirlwinds in October thoroughly ruined the enterprise, which was restored only in 1921. The stud farm was named "Tersky" in honor of the Cossack regiment. And since 1970, the pets of the plant have been sold at international auctions.

Memorial "Fire of Eternal Glory"

Address: square 30 years of Victory

The memorial was opened in 1976. It is dedicated to the residents of Mineralnye Vody who gave their lives in the Great Patriotic War. The complex is represented by a composition of columns and bas-reliefs made of stone.

The monument itself is made in the form of pylons, at the base of which there is a marble bowl. A star is placed in its middle, from which fire emanates, lit from a torch brought from the Volgograd memorial.

The memorial complex is surrounded by a park with alleys framed with bas-reliefs of Heroes of the Soviet Union - natives of the city.

Not far from the city, near the river. Dzhemukha, there is a monument dedicated to the tankers who died during the war. This is a stone pedestal on which the T-34 tank flaunts. The names of the heroes are carved on a tablet fixed on a pedestal. The creation of the monument dates back to 1965.

Entertainment

Shopping and entertainment center "Vershina"

Address: st. Soviet, 28
Telephone: +7 87922 603 37

The building of the mall was built in the form of an aircraft, which is a symbol of the city. The original design of the building makes it the only one of its kind. It has numerous shops and an entertainment area. The complex is equipped with ample parking.

Holburg Restaurant

Address: st. Lenina, 16
Telephone: +7 87922 644 47

The “Old Castle”, of course, is not real - it is a very good stylization, built specifically for the restaurant. But the owners have taken great care in recreating the medieval atmosphere: the tapestries. turrets, massive dark wood tables, an authentic menu. An evening spent in the throne room will be remembered for a long time.

) OKATO code: 07421
Based: 1878
City since: 1920 City of regional subordination
Center: Mineralovodsky district Deviation from Moscow time, hours: 0
Geographic latitude: 44°13"
Geographic longitude: 43°08"
Height above sea level, meters: 300
Sunrise and sunset times for Mineralnye Vody

Map

a brief description of

The city is located in Ciscaucasia, on the southeastern outskirts of the Stavropol Upland, in the valley of the river. Kuma, 170 km southeast of Stavropol. Transport node. Railway station.

Territory (sq. km): 1495

Information about the city of Mineralnye Vody on the Russian site of Wikipedia

Historical outline

It was founded in 1878 in connection with the construction of the Rostov-Vladikavkaz railway as the village of Sultanovsky at the Mineralnye Vody station (opened in 1875), which served the resorts of the Caucasian mineral waters, which determined its name.

Since 1920 the city of Mineralnye Vody.

During the Great Patriotic War of 1941-45, it was occupied by Nazi troops on August 10, 1942. It was liberated on January 12, 1943 by the troops of the Transcaucasian Front during the North Caucasian operation.

Economy

Railway enterprises transport, food industry (butter factory, gelatin factory, distillery, meat processing plant).

Production of building materials. Factories: "Souvenir", glass.

In the Mineralovodsky district, wheat, rye, barley, oats, corn, buckwheat, sunflower, soybeans, rapeseed, and coriander are grown. Cattle, pigs, sheep, horses, goats are bred.

Main enterprises

CABLE INDUSTRY

REPAIR OF CIVIL AIRCRAFT, HELICOPTERS, THEIR EQUIPMENT AND AIRCRAFT ENGINES

GLASS AND PORCELAIN AND FAIENCE INDUSTRY

Universities of the city

Mineralovodsky branch of the Moscow Open Social Academy
357203, Stavropol Territory, Mineralnye Vody, st. Gagarina, 90