How to make a categorical trip. Conducting a tourist trip. About types of tourism

Many have heard that there are such things as "Inquiries for a trip." They were born back in the USSR, as an integral part of the sport "Sports tourism". Whether it’s a sport or not (I personally think it’s not, because I don’t see people competing with someone in this activity) within the framework of this article is not important. The fact that your hike has become "sporty" does not mean at all that you should now run under a backpack with a stopwatch. This is just a campaign organized and carried out according to certain rules. Such certificates are issued by the public organization the Federation of Sports Tourism of Russia (FSTR) through the Route Qualification Commissions authorized by it (hereinafter referred to as the “MCC”) (note that the Russian Federation itself does not participate in this in any way - this is for those who like the phrases “officially set off on the route”, official information, etc.). Despite the long names, there is nothing terrible.

Why references are needed

A travel certificate is a document about your travel experience. What is important, it was issued by an independent party, by people who looked at the hike where you were, with an open mind and evaluated it according to some kind of unified system that allows you to compare the difficulty of your hike with others. I organize many trips, and perhaps the most important question I ask a stranger who wants to go with me under the backpack is: “What is your hiking experience?”. As a rule, you have to talk with a person for a long time in order to understand what exactly he managed to get through. Different people evaluate and describe their experiences in different ways. For some, one-day trekking in Krasnaya Polyana is already a mega-super adventure, and a 3-day hike in the Crimea is a mountain hike, and someone describes their hike as follows: “there were cute goats and such beautiful valleys, I walked and rejoiced,” although in fact, they had very vigorous passes there. And if a person simply says: “I have a certificate for walking one,” then this greatly simplifies the conversation. I will already understand what a person has experienced, and this experience of his is not invented and is not the fruit of his subjective assessment of himself.

There may be such a situation that the leader of the trip knows you well, walked a lot with you, or you were able to convince him of your experience. But the leader is going to lead a hike from the 2nd category and above, wants to register it with the ICC (in order to get certificates for it), but according to the rules, you can go there when the participants already have a certificate (“ formal experience"what it's called) for the hiking category below. And you don't have it. Convincing members of the ICC that you have experience without a certificate is almost impossible. They will not, as a leader, go to training with you and drink beer, they will simply look at the documents.

You may also want to apply for a sports category in Sports Tourism. It's useless on its own, but it's fun. For this, references from your previous trips will also come in handy.

Referral procedure

In general, the algorithm is as follows:

Are you planning a hike?

Planning normally. In addition to reasonable criteria, if you want your trip to be considered categorical, you need to plan it so that it meets certain requirements of the FSTR in your type of tourism (a certain set of kilometers of path and various obstacles). There are as many as 10 of these types of tourism in sports tourism (Attention: there is no classification criterion and division logic, accept it):

• on foot (everywhere where you can go on foot);
• skiing (no one has heard of snowshoes, and no one knows where to take them);
• mountainous (only if your hike is in the Caucasus, Altai or Fanakh-Pamir. The Khibiny, the Klyuchevskaya group of volcanoes in Kamchatka, the Urals, the Andes and the Cordillera are not mountains :) There you will have a hiking route);
• water;
• bicycle;
• auto-moto;
• equestrian;
• sailing (but not on yachts! If you are going on a ship that your crew cannot carry, then .. you are apparently not a sports tourist :) So, hell, register your crossing of the Atlantic);
• speleo (how did it get here?!);
• combined.

Specific requirements for each type of tourism can be easily found on the Internet.

Since you are reading this article, you are most likely going on your first categorical hike, the easiest one is the first category hike.If you have a mountain route, for example, then you need to pave a path of 100 km through at least two 1A passes, if there are fewer, then this is a non-categorical route, if there is at least one 1B pass, then this is already a “route of the first category with elements of the second” - most likely the IWC will not release a group of beginners on such a route.

Fill out the itinerary

Here is a link to a printable file, which is also a sample fill. (You print sheets 1 and 2, 3 and 4, 5 and 6 with double-sided printing, and 7 separately is the cover. As a result, you should get an A5 booklet, fasten it with a stapler. You can not squeeze the map / trip plan in step 4 in half A4 sheet, and printing a normal map and putting it in a book will make everyone happy.) All the information that needs to be entered in the route book, you should already have if you prepared the trip normally. Personally, I just copy the data from my convenient Google tables into this strange print form. And I overlay the tracks of different path options on one map using nakarte.me and print them. In paragraph 2, where the list of participants, indicate their full names and contacts of relatives. This is necessary, since only relatives in the hospital can be told what happened to the person, and only they can be given a corpse. You will have the second copy of the route book with you on the route - one more backup of contact details with phones will not hurt. If you don't know how to fill it out, leave it blank. The ICC will tell you, if anything, fill in on the spot by hand. As is clear from the text above, we print the book in two copies, sign it wherever we can and bring it to the IWC.

Application for a trip to the ICC

There is a route qualification commission in almost every region of the Russian Federation, in Moscow there are MCCs in large tourist clubs at universities. The city MCC of Moscow is located at 17 Solzhenitsina Street (enter the courtyard and go up to the second floor, they don’t even have money for a sign), and it gathers on Wednesday evening (from 19.00 you can catch someone). If you live in Moscow and do not enter one of the major tourist clubs, go there right away. The IWC is a hangout of uncles-tourists, the sand from which does not pour, as a rule, because it has turned to stone. They work there completely voluntarily and for free. And so you don't owe anything. In the Moscow ICC, the main action takes place in an auditorium resembling a school class, where during the break people were divided into groups according to their interests. One of these bunches are members of the subcommittee for your type of tourism. If you have not found their contacts before and have not contacted, ask and they will tell you who to go to.

First of all, they are interested in the type of tourism (suddenly you have come to the wrong place), the category of the trip (suddenly you need to call more experienced colleagues) and the region of the trip (suddenly now there are no experts at the table of the area where you are going). Tell them right away, “I want to declare a water unit in the Amazon.” And give them your minibuses with maps. It is difficult to perceive information by ear, because they will read what you wrote in the route book. There will be questions to ask. Of course, the syndrome of the watchman (signer) is present in full, and you will definitely be told that the route is too short/long, difficult/simple, etc. Be sure to write something in the column "remarks of the IWC." Sometimes, when everything was completely flawless, they wrote to me “The itinerary book is carelessly framed” or about a mountain unit with 1A passes - “Pass passes in the morning hours.” In short, at least they are obliged to write something, take it easy. Maybe they don’t like everything at all, and they will say to redo the route / reprint the minibus. Therefore, preliminary contact by email with people from the IWC for the purpose of consultation (showing them your plans) can reduce the number of trips to the organization.

When the semantic part of your plan suits them, you will most likely be asked the question: “Are you going to participate in the championship?”. This does not mean your personal participation in the championship, but the participation of your trip report in it. If you want to get a sports category, then you need to participate in this championship, and, therefore, write a report (about it below). If you don’t care about the ranks, then just say: “No, we only need certificates.” Then the members of the IWC, perhaps, if you go to a unit that is not interesting for them in a long-traveled and well-described area, they will write to you in a minibus that the trip will be protected not in the form of a written report, but by showing photographs and a GPS track. Writing a report usually takes a lot of time and effort, and also requires the collection of information during the campaign. So if you don't need ranks, then avoiding writing a report is an important task.

After collecting three signatures of the members of the ICC (you will be told who to sign), put a stamp on the secretary of the tourist club, leave one copy with him and go home to dust off your backpack.

I'm going on a hike

When you signed the route book and stamped the ICC, you were instructed to report to whom from the tourist club about the passage of the group on the route. In short, the number of the person to whom to send the text message is indicated there: “Ivanov’s group went on the route in full force“ the number of the route book ””. And the same SMS about the end of the route. There are many groups, so the name of the leader and the number of the minibus are welcome. If you do not signal the end of the route for a long time, this person will start to worry, call relatives (their contacts are in the route book) and rescuers.

During the trip, you will have to take pictures at all key points on the route - passes, mountains and somewhere else with the whole group at once. The task is to prove that you all really were here. Also take pictures of technically difficult sections (crossings, slopes, rapids, etc.) and how your group overcomes them. The task is to prove that you really had obstacles of a certain complexity that make this trip categorical. It’s better to take a photo for the report to the manager on a separate camera, otherwise that deFachka-photographer with a camera weighing more than her will upload pictures in six months, after everything has been “processed”, and you need to write a report.

If you want to write a good report, then appoint a chronicler who will write down the times of halts, transitions, weather, and so on in a notebook. A report is easily written from a notebook of a good chronicler.

Writing a report

Find an example of a good report. For example here. Most of the reports are collected on tlib.ru And write according to the model about your trip. Be careful not to post pictures that show a clear violation of safety regulations. They may not count the leadership of the campaign or the report will not take a high place in the championship. In general, the initial meaning of the report is not to receive information, but to describe the trip with a maximum of technical, not lyrical, details for those who want to repeat your hike or go part of your route. So write a report as an instruction for a tourist like you who wants to get all the information about the planned trip.

The report is printed, stapled and carried to the ICC. As with the application, sending an electronic version in advance to the members of the IWC is highly recommended to eliminate deficiencies.

If protection was assigned to you by showing a photo and a track, then simply merge it all into a folder on your laptop and go with it to the ICC.

We protect the report and receive certificates

Campaign protection is about the same as the application. They also ask questions and if everything is OK, they write in the minibus that the trip is counted in such and such a category. Usually this is the same category as declared. If you cut somewhere, then the category may become smaller. If it was, for example, a hiking trip, and the crossings are deeper than expected, the category may increase relative to the declared one.

ICCs are having a hard time getting money to pay for the rent of the premises where they meet, so certificates for each participant must be printed out by yourself. Here is the help form. If someone did not participate in some section of the route (for example, did not go to the radials on the mountains), then such participants may be counted as a lower category. Please note that on the reverse side the local obstacles passed by the participant are recorded with an indication of the category of obstacles - this is important information for assessing the participant's experience. The certificates are signed by a member of the ICC, the number of the route book and the seal.

Legalization. How to make a feint with your ears and get help without declaring a trip

Often there is such a situation that people already have some kind of hiking experience, and they want to get certificates for it, but they don’t want to go again alone and spend their vacation on it.

Then it is allowed to fool around once in a lifetime. Just go on a trip that actually corresponds to the category, but is not declared (there is no route book). Then write a report and come with it to the IWC. Also look for a subcommittee on your type of tourism, but start communicating with them with the words "I want to legalize the trip." If your report is normal, then the certificates will be signed for you, they will be stamped, only instead of a number they will have “b / n”.

Something like this. The main thing to remember is that the main thing is safe and joyful travel, not pieces of paper 🙂

I organize many trips, including categorical ones, the information that I post in my group on Vkontakte

Before you go hiking, you need to prepare well for it.

This preparation begins with the acquisition of the group. The most important thing - the choice of the route of the trip - depends on who will be in it, what is the physical training and tourist experience of the participants in the trip, what tasks they set, what time and money they have.

Naturally, the desire to discover something new, to go through something that has not yet been passed. Our country is so vast, it has so many wonderful corners that there will be enough interesting routes and discoveries for a lifetime.

The route is easier to pass when it is well thought out and studied. Then there will be more time, energy to get acquainted with interesting places and, of course, the safety of the trip will increase and the probability of changing or not passing the route will be minimized. Groups of novice tourists and those who are heading to a particular area for the first time should use one of the reference routes. These routes are the most logical and interesting, introduce the sights and include obstacles typical for the area. You can get advice on the route at the tourist club, at the IWC. There you should also read the reports on the trips of other tourist groups.

When developing a route, you need to collect all the necessary information about the hiking area, using maps and diagrams, descriptions of complex obstacles, information about weather conditions, transport capabilities, the state of roads and crossings, etc.

All preparatory work must be carried out in an organized and planned manner. To do this, a plan is drawn up, responsibilities are distributed among the members of the group.

Based on the duration and complexity of the route, the composition of the participants in the campaign and the planned tasks, general and special equipment, repair and first-aid kits are prepared. The caretaker of the group draws up lists of products, outlines where it is better to buy them, and solves the issue of packaging. The obtained data on the route, equipment and food allow us to determine the total weight of the cargo, the weight of backpacks on the approaches and on the main route, and to make an estimate of expenses.

It is necessary that all participants in the campaign have not only similar skills and knowledge, similar interests, but also approximately the same physical training. To do this, 2-3 months before the trip, joint training sessions should be organized, during which tourists improve physically and master technical skills and techniques for overcoming obstacles. Weekend trips, tourist rallies and competitions should be used for this purpose.

In joint weekend trips, methods of movement, overcoming natural obstacles planned on the route, methods of collective insurance and self-insurance are worked out, equipment is checked and finalized. Specially created heavy loads in these hikes make it possible to identify and compare the physical condition and training of individual participants.

Joint trainings, organization of accommodation for the night contribute to the psychological "running in" of the group members. It is necessary to strive so that already in the process of preparation the group becomes a single well-coordinated team, ready to successfully solve the tasks set by joint efforts.

Competitions in the technique of various types of tourism help to develop techniques and check equipment. It is useful to participate in them, but, of course, you should not get carried away only with them, forgetting about the most important thing in tourism - travel. Competitions invented by tourists. At first they were held as part of tourist rallies, they were very simple. Their program included: setting up a tent, kindling a fire, crossing a log across a river or ravine, etc. With the growth of technical equipment in most types of tourism, competitions began to be held independently. And there would be nothing wrong with that if these competitions were not put on the same level with tourist trips, or even replace them. This was especially noticeable among water and mountain tourists. It should not be forgotten that such competitions are of a test nature, and serve to determine the technical readiness of tourists for the upcoming trips. They compare the achievements of athletes not in a complex way, but in terms of individual indicators, but after all, technical preparedness alone is not enough to complete a difficult hike.

If a group is engaged in the tourist section of the physical education team of an enterprise, institution, educational institution, DFSO, then these organizations should create conditions for the physical, technical and theoretical training of tourists, provide them with the necessary equipment if possible.

All members of the group must undergo a medical examination no earlier than a month before the start of the hike and obtain a doctor's permission to participate in hikes of I-III categories of difficulty, and to participate in hikes of IV-VI categories of difficulty - the conclusion of a medical and physical education dispensary or a sports doctor.

As already mentioned, any trip begins with a check in the IWC. But don't let that scare the travel enthusiasts. Filling out travel documents, defending the route in front of the members of the ICC - experienced tourists - you get new information and recommendations about the hiking area, advice on choosing equipment and products, on actions in a difficult environment. If the campaign was thoroughly prepared, if everything was thought out in advance, studied, collected (and that's the only way it should be), there will be no difficulties with the preparation of route documents.

A document giving the right to conduct sports tourist trips of I-VI categories of complexity, as well as non-category trips, including elements of hikes of II-VI categories of complexity, is a route book of the established sample. The route book can be obtained from the route-qualification commission at the place of residence or work. Two copies of the book should be filled out correctly, accompanied by certificates of the tourist experience of the group members, medical certificates, cartographic material, descriptions and photographs of difficult sections of the route, lists of special equipment and first aid. Everything should be collected in advance in preparation for the trip.

With the documents you need to contact the same ICC. If she does not have the authority to consider a hike of this category of complexity, application documents with her preliminary conclusion are sent by the organization in which she works to a higher ICC.

The ICC gives an opinion on the possibility of the group making the declared trip. Special instructions and recommendations are entered into the itinerary book for the group, the place of its registration is recorded before going on the route in the relevant CBS and CSR, the established deadlines.

Based on the positive conclusion of the ICC, the group leader is given a numbered route book and a completed report form to the CCC, certified by the signature and stamp of the ICC. But the contacts between the IWC and the group do not end there.

The most important measure that makes it possible to provide assistance to the group, if necessary, is the organization of control over the passage of the route within the established time frame. This control is carried out not only by the KSS located in the area of ​​the campaign, but also by the ICC. The control period is considered violated if the telegram is not sent by the group during the control day. After that, the search work begins. Therefore, too tight deadlines are equally bad, which force the group to shorten the route, move in the evening or even at night, neglect insurance on difficult sections, and too extended deadlines that can lead to the fact that the group that has had an accident will not be able to receive timely help.

In accordance with the Rules, a written message to the CCC in the prescribed form must be sent no later than 10 days before the group leaves for the starting point of the route. Even this circumstance, in addition to others (elimination of comments, if necessary, checking the group on the ground, etc.), requires the submission of application documents to the ICC 1-1.5 months before the start of the trip. However, if a group with well-prepared documents came to the authorized ICC, for example, two weeks in advance, its application should be considered and everything should be processed. ICCs are called upon to work promptly, and republican, regional, regional and especially zonal ones, moreover, should not be closed for holidays.

If, just before leaving for the trip, there is a need to make changes to the route or the composition of the group, this must be agreed with the ICC and notified to the CCC.

Tourist groups planning to conduct a hike in the territory of a nature reserve or border zone must issue a permit in advance for this in accordance with the established procedure. But the ICC should not be charged with checking the existence of such permission. The IWC must alert the group to the fact that its route passes part or all of these restricted areas.

All of the above questions on the preparation of the group for the trek and the execution of route documents are mainly the responsibility of the leader of the trek.

Supervisor: A.Gorchakov, Moscow

Report on a mountain hike 3 k.s. Turkey in May 2008 Part 1

Tourist Sports Union of Russia

Moscow Tourist Club "Vestra"

REPORT

about mountain hiking

in the region of the Aladaglal

(Taurus, Turkey),

committed by a group of tourists TC "Vestra"

Team leader: Gorchakov Alexander Valerievich

Issuing organization: Moscow mountain club Vestra www.westra.ru

Route book 27/3-301

Cartographic support. Vector map drawn and kindly provided by Sergey Gladilin and Alexander Purikov.

Options for entry and exit are well and fully reflected in the report of Anya Pomazova. ()

The area is surrounded on all sides by a well-developed civilization and transport links. Inside there are also many roads. And only on the snowy passes there are no traces of civilization. But there are fewer of them. Therefore, from any point of the route to go "to the people" within one day is not difficult.

The original "overplan" to go through the last canyon of 77 fords remained unfulfilled, due to bad weather conditions - two days of imprisonment - on the route. We took advantage of the shortened exit - to the village of Elatan.

Walking time 2:10 h.

Mileage 11 km.

Elevation difference + 350 m

At 17:00 we land in front of the waterfalls below the village of Kapuzbashi. The jets break out of the rock mass of the upper part of the rocky bastion and rush down in wide streams of varying degrees of dispersion, a very impressive flow rate. The water suspension meeting the paws of the sun gives rise to many rainbows!

Having examined this “miracle” from different angles, we finally remember the route and at 18:00 we set off up the road.

After 20 minutes of walking we pass the village of Kapuzbashi and already with a crowd of annoying children we go higher. It was possible to fight off the "tail" only after 3-4 km.

It's getting dark.. At the next sharp turn of the road we meet a drinking bowl. (1:10 h above the falls) and it would be highly logical to camp here. But the place is open and, as it seemed to me, not cozy enough. We decide a little more .. As it turned out, this dark transition would be completely unprincipled and erroneous, if not a meeting (the only one on the entire route of the campaign in general) with a land crab! ..

After walking for an hour, we reach the village of Barazama. It faded to obscurity. The muezzin answered the call for evening prayer. And our group decided not to risk meeting with the unknown customs of the locals, but to camp for the night right here, on a small piece of lawn free from vegetable gardens on the river bank.

Walking time – 7:20 a.m. (of which canyon: 4:30 hrs)

Kilometer - 16.5 km.

Height difference+ 550 m.

Morning met with warm Turkish sun, clean mountain air and .. surprised owners of vegetable gardens! Here we should pay tribute to the highest correctness of the locals, who promptly succeeded so as not to embarrass wandering travelers ..

10:00. Products are distributed, friends are fed. Let's hit the road!

The village of Barazama, like all other villages we met in the Aladaglara region, has a very neat appearance: the streets are paved with paving stones, there is no garbage either at the entrance or at the exit or inside .. The village has already woken up and on the central street, where we -a cultural goal, how many children frolic in search of the shortest path. Houses with a stone base and a wooden top, rather frail in appearance (because the wooden part is more like plywood) in places clay outbuildings, each with a satellite dish, pets are everywhere. A little further from the center, on a slope, there is a minaret, giving out the presence of a mosque. Surprisingly, they managed to slip through almost unnoticed!

Immediately behind the village, neat patches of juicy green grass begin. A group of pretty Turkish women with children and goats are already returning from the fields .. And along the riverbed, along the very edge of the purest azure stream - white birches are so close and pleasant to the eye. Mountain-rural idyll in Turkish!

400 meters from the village there is a spring-source. But camping here is not very convenient - quite open. (however, as an option..!)

Pretty soon, the road crosses to the left bank of the river and, climbing a little higher, bending around numerous bends (from washouts and ravines) of the slope comfortably takes us further and further ..

Meanwhile, already 45 minutes from Barazama, a trail begins to climb onto the right side of the valley, which, judging by the map, is the way around the canyon. There are quite decent sites for camping by the river.

The slopes are steeper, the valley narrows and its bottom is overgrown with dense beautiful birch forest with an admixture of something local. And above, at the level of the road - fluffy Turkish and our close pines. Soil unusually scarlet (dark red, ed.) shade.

But here, on the left side of the road, we notice our landmark - a humpbacked stone bridge that is thrown over the right tributary of our river ... The purpose of the bridge, it seems, is to connect the little cat with the road. But the tributary .. It breaks out of the canyon! And we go there.

(from Barazama village to the entrance to the canyon 2:20 min.)

They decided not to cross the bridge, but to start climbing along the left side of the tributary. Which immediately made me change trekking shoes to its fermentation version. Small clamp. Right bank path. A steep set of loose roads, a bender, and you can no longer see the way back out of the canyon: only high walls and a path winding between branched trees. (30 min from the entrance to the canyon)

7 fords. For the most part we go along the left bank along the path. We meet locals: both sides are incredibly surprised (we did not expect to meet people, they did not expect to meet such people J).

Brody.., detours... Water up to the knees., oh! already hip. In some places the walls are so steep and the gaps between them are tight that you have to walk along the channel, struggling with the flow. Sometimes snow plugs completely block a narrow corridor and require the use of special equipment with an ice ax so as not to slip into the stream. (spent 2:10 hours)

Having lost count of the fords, we find ourselves on the left bank, at the beginning of the decisive exit of a steep ascent. A barely noticeable trail begins to climb and .. is lost. But from here and above, it also goes to the serpentine, already its right-bank part. At first, the ford looks unrealistic .., but intelligence showed the groundlessness of fears. Gymnastically insuring each other, we force a swift stream. Less than 70 m of climb and you can breathe a sigh of relief: further dry!, further open and nice to the eye space, although not very wide, but already a valley! The first for the last 5:30 hours (general, “dirty”, time in the Canyon) and the last minutes of the gentle sun for this day .. (19:43 astronomical local time).

Here, between two small streams - kosh. After a little thought and finding the kosh empty (probably, the owners came across us in the canyon), we are located behind a small hill, on the banks of the Aksu River, opposite another building. No sooner had dinner been prepared than it was completely dark. The occupants of the buildings never showed up.

Travel documents

Documents for hiking:

An itinerary is a travel document for a group going on a weekend hike or on a non-categorical travel route. The itinerary sheet of the established form is filled in by the head of the tourist group, signed by the chairman of the board of the tourist club (or the organization conducting the trip) and certified with a seal.

The itinerary book of a tourist sports trip (form No. 5 - Tour) is a travel document for a group going on a trip of 1 and above categories of difficulty (hereinafter c.s.).

The book contains a list of the group with the passport data of all participants, a detailed travel schedule for the days of the journey, checkpoints and terms of contact with the route. The book is issued to the leader of the group after checking in the ICC the correctness of the developed route and the readiness of tourists for it.

The itinerary book (in two copies) is filled in by the head of the tourist group and submitted to the ICC, which must check the development of the route and the schedule for the main and emergency options, the knowledge of the head and participants of the route of the conditions of movement and natural obstacles, the correctness of the measures planned by the group in case of an unforeseen retreat from the route and schedule, measures to ensure the safety of travel.

With a positive conclusion of the ICC, the head of the tourist group is issued a numbered, registered and stamped by the ICC route book (the second copy is stored in the ICC).

A message to the head of the KSS about the upcoming trip - must be completed and sent by the head of the group. Upon arrival at the starting point of the route, the tourist group must be registered at the relevant KSS. During the passage of the route, the head of the group must mark in the route book and inform the ICC and the CCC that registered this group about passing the checkpoints and about the end of the route.

Certificate of travel credit - certified by the ICC and issued to the participants and the head of the tourist group after reviewing the travel report. On the basis of issued certificates on the passage of the route, tourists can be assigned one or another sports category.

Route sheet

Signatures:

Team leader

_____________________________________________________________________________

Group commander

group manager

DOCUMENTATION

Travel safety

Knowledge of regulatory documents and instructions is one of the most important conditions for a safe hiking trip. Today we are introduced to them by the director of the Federal Center for Youth Tourism and Local History, Doctor of Pedagogical Sciences, Honored Teacher of the Russian Federation, Honored Traveler of Russia Yuri KONSTANTINOV.

The main task when holding tourist events (as, indeed, any other event involving children) is ensuring their safety. The activity of specialized institutions of additional education for children is aimed at this - stations for young tourists (SUTour), centers for youth tourism (TsDYuTour), departments of tourism and local history of houses and palaces of children's creativity. Their task is to provide comprehensive assistance to educational institutions, teachers in the organization of tourism and local history activities with students.

The state system of youth tourism has existed for 90 years. All these years, there has been an improvement in the forms and methods of working with children, the definition of its content, as well as ways to increase the safety of events with children. This work was carried out in parallel with the development of adult sports and health-improving, amateur tourism, since the safety of hiking is an equally important task for both youth tourism and adults. At the same time, the basis for ensuring safety, first of all, is the training of beginners - both children and adults - in the basics of tourism as the first factor in ensuring safety.

The second area of ​​activity is assisting teachers in preparing the campaign and monitoring its implementation. These issues are dealt with by route qualification commissions (public organizations) and search and rescue services (SRS) of the system of the Ministry of the Russian Federation for Civil Defense, Emergency Situations and Elimination of Consequences of Natural Disasters. PSS have largely lost the functions of bodies that control the passage of routes by groups and their compliance with the deadlines for reporting on its passage, and most often respond to requests only upon receipt of reports of accidents.

The preparation and conduct of trips must be carried out in strict accordance with the Instructions for organizing and conducting tourist trips, expeditions and excursions (travels) with students, pupils and students of the Russian Federation, approved by order of the Ministry of Education of the RSFSR dated July 13, 1992 No. 293 ( Application No. 1). The manual should not be taken as a purely formal document. This is not its first edition: the instruction was constantly improved by experienced tourist teachers in order to assist group leaders, streamline the conduct of hikes, and increase safety.

This document clearly defines the rights and obligations of the institution conducting the trip, the leader and members of the group, the procedure for preparing, registering and conducting the trip. The instruction gives a complete picture of the actions of the group leader from the beginning of the preparation of the campaign to its completion and summing up. Its observance is mandatory for all groups of students, regardless of which institution (organization) is the organizer of the event. For violation of the instructions, the head of the group and his deputy bear disciplinary responsibility, unless these violations entail other liability provided for by law.

Documentation is required for holding any tourist event. First of all, the administration of the institution organizing the trip issues an order in which it appoints a leader and his deputy. In the named order, in addition, the numerical composition of the group, the timing of the trip, its route are determined. In the same order, the head and his deputy are responsible for the life and health of children and the safety of the event, for the implementation of its plan, the content of health-improving, educational and cognitive work, compliance with fire safety rules, nature protection, historical and cultural monuments. When conducting a weekend hike, excursion, the group leader is issued a route sheet of the established form, certified by the signature of the leader and the seal of the institution.

When entering a categorical route, as well as hiking I-III degrees of difficulty in the off-season, the group leader submits application documents to the route-qualification commission (MCC), authorized to consider the route of this category of complexity. The IWC is an expert public body that is created to provide qualified assistance to the leaders of tourist groups in preparing trips. Members of the IWC are experienced hikers who know the hiking areas well. They check the knowledge of the head of the area of ​​the hike, the route and its dangerous sections, ways to overcome them, emergency exit options in case of unforeseen circumstances, assess the compliance of the declared equipment with the degree of complexity of the route. If necessary, members of the ICC give advice to leaders on route planning, actions on any difficult sections of it, logistical support for the group, etc.

Based on the results of the interview with the group leader, the members of the ICC either give a positive conclusion and recommendations aimed at more thorough preparation of the event, or speak out against going to the declared route. A group may be assigned a readiness review in order to make sure on the ground that all participants are sufficiently prepared for the passage of this route. At the same time, tourists are invited to complete tasks similar to those that they have to complete on the route (often without the participation of the group leader).

The second effective way to check the readiness of the group to enter the route is its participation in tourist rallies and competitions. All this is organized with one goal - to maximize the safety of the trip: after all, no one will advise the leader on the route.

In case of a positive conclusion of the MCC, the group is registered and receives a route book, in which all information about the group and its route is entered.

In the case of financing a trip by an institution, the head is obliged to follow the requirements of the Instruction on the procedure for accounting for funds and reporting on tourist multi-day trips, excursions, expeditions and tourist camps of students, approved by the letter of the Ministry of Education of Russia dated June 10, 1997 No. 21-54-33 IN ( Application No. 2).

When developing a camping menu, one should be guided by the letter of the Ministry of Education of Russia dated January 11, 1993 No. 9 / 32-F ( Application No. 3).

The development of tourism in the education system is also facilitated by the presence of a Model list of equipment and equipment for a field tourist camp and a Model list of tourist equipment of an educational institution, ( Applications No. 4 And 5 ).

It should be noted that all the above normative documents have been developed by practitioners and have shown their necessity. They operate at the present time, contributing to the development of tourism and local history activities of students.

Yuri KONSTANTINOV,
Director of the Federal Center
youth tourism and local history,
Moscow

Applications

APPENDIX No. 1

Instructions for organizing and conducting tourist trips, expeditions and excursions (travels) with students, pupils and students of the Russian Federation

1. General Provisions

1.1. This Instruction determines the procedure for conducting tourist trips, expeditions and excursions (travels) with students of general education schools and vocational schools, pupils of orphanages and boarding schools, students of pedagogical schools of the Russian Federation.

1.2. Hiking trips, expeditions, excursions (travels) are an important form of humanistic, patriotic, international education, expansion of knowledge, health improvement and physical development of children and youth.

While traveling, young tourists study their native land, the country - the Russian Federation; carry out work on the protection of nature, monuments of history and culture; perform the tasks of educational institutions, scientific and other institutions and organizations.

2. Responsibilities of an institution conducting a hiking trip, expedition, excursion (journey)

2.1. The administration of the institution conducting the trip is obliged to assist the group leaders in organizing and conducting the trip and issue the relevant documents certified by the seal of the institution conducting the trip.

Financing of tourist trips, expeditions, excursions (travels) is carried out in accordance with the regulations of the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation and other organizations conducting these activities in accordance with approved plans.

2.2. The administration of the institution conducting the trip, as well as the members of the route qualification commissions (MCC), who gave a positive opinion on the possibility of the group making the declared trip, are not responsible for incidents that were the result of incorrect actions of the leaders and participants of the trip.

2.3. For multi-day trips, long-distance excursions with an overnight stay in a settlement, a written consent of the institution, organization hosting the group, or a ticket from the excursion organization must be a prerequisite.

2.4. Participants of tourist trips with issued route documents enjoy the right to accommodation and service in tourist hotels, bases and campsites, subject to availability. With the permission of the relevant organizations, they enjoy the right to visit nature reserves, wildlife sanctuaries and other areas with a limited visiting regime.

2.5. In case of violation by a group on the route of the control deadlines for notification, the administration of the institution conducting the trip is obliged to immediately contact the territorial bodies of education, the control and rescue service (CSS) or the detachment (CSR), tourist organizations to find out the location of the group and provide it with the necessary assistance.

3. Requirements for the leader, deputy (assistant) leader and participants in a tourist trip, expedition and excursion (travel)

3.1. Groups for hiking, expeditions, excursions (travels) are formed from students, pupils and students (hereinafter referred to as students), united on a voluntary basis by common interests on the basis of joint studies, classes in circles and sections, labor activity, place of residence, with the necessary experience and those who prepared the planned trip, expedition, excursion (travel).

3.2. Basic requirements for participants, leader, deputy (assistant) leader of non-categorical hikes, expeditions, long-distance (outside their city, district) excursions:

3.2.1. The same requirements are imposed on the leader, deputy leader and participants of expeditions with an active mode of movement as on the leader, deputy leader and participants in hiking trips in accordance with the degree (category) of complexity of the active sections of the route.

3.2.2. At the discretion of the administration of the institution conducting the trip, with the consent of the head of the group (detachment), based on the quantitative composition of the group (detachment), ensuring the safety of participants, instead of the deputy leader, an assistant leader from among students who have experience in participating in similar trips, excursions ( travel).

3.3. Basic requirements for participants, the leader and deputy leader of tourist and sports trips:

3.3.1. To participate in hiking I k.s. persons are allowed not younger than 12 years old, II class. - 14 years old, III class - 15 years.

For students who have received theoretical and practical training for at least one year of classes in tourist and local history circles, sections, clubs, the age limit for participation in power and I-III grades. hikes in their native land with a medical permit can be reduced by one year.

3.3.2. In campaigns III-IV k.s. one third of the members of the group can be tourists with experience in hiking 2 categories below, in hikes I and II class. - with experience of participating in non-category hikes.

3.3.3. In hiking trips, one third of the group members can be tourists with experience in mountain and ski trips one category of difficulty below the planned trip.

3.3.4. In ski trips, one third of the members of the group can be tourists with experience in hiking and mountain trips that are at least one category of difficulty lower and higher than the difficulty category of the planned trip.

3.3.5. In mountain trips, one third of the members of the group can be hikers with experience in hiking and skiing trips of at least the same category of difficulty as the planned trip.

Table 1

Notes:

1. The quantitative composition of the excursion group may be determined by the tourist and excursion organization conducting planned excursion routes, and the number of seats in the bus.

2. The age of participants in an excursion outside their locality is determined by the administration of the institution conducting the trip, based on pedagogical expediency.

table 2

Participants in hikes that provide for crossings through classified passes must have experience in passing (the leader - the experience of the leader when passing) two passes one semi-category below the maximum for this hike. The leader, in addition, must have experience in passing two passes of the same semi-category of difficulty.

One-third of the members of the group in hikes involving the passage of passes may be hikers with no experience in passing the passes.

Participants of hikes, which provide for the first ascent of classified passes, must have experience in passing (the leader - the experience of leading during the passage) passes of the same category of difficulty.

Participants and leaders of hikes, which provide for other sections of the first ascent, must have experience of participating in hikes of a category of difficulty equivalent to that expected on these sections of the route. One third of the participants in such trips may have experience of hiking one category of difficulty below.

One third of the members of the group in mountain hikes I-III k.s. can be climbers with III sports category, in the campaigns of the IV class. - climbers with II sports category, as well as experience in expedition climbing activities or experience in participating in a non-categorical tourist trip.

3.4. Leaders of water trips must have experience of participating in and leading water trips on the same types of vessels.

3.5. Participants of water trips I-III class. must have relevant experience in sailing on any type of vessel, and starting from IV class. - on the same type of vessels or kayaks.

3.6. Participants and leaders of a combined trip, including sections of the route for various types of tourism, must have relevant experience in passing such sections.

3.7. Participants and leaders of non-categorical hikes, including elements of hikes II-IV class, as well as non-categorical hikes, including elements of hikes of higher categories of complexity, must meet the requirements for participants and leaders of hikes of the same categories of complexity, the elements of which are included in this hike.

3.8. Participants and leaders of hikes held in the off-season must have relevant experience of participation (leadership) in hikes made in the off-season, or in hikes of the same category of difficulty, made under normal conditions.

3.9. To participate in horizontal non-watered caves of cavers of the 1st class. persons from 14 years old are allowed; in vertical caves - from 15 years; in horizontal caves II class. - from 15 years old; in vertical caves II class. - from 16 years old; in horizontal caves of the III class. - from the age of 16.

Passage with students of the caves, which provide for the use of autonomous breathing equipment, is prohibited.

Temporary division of a tourist group making a caving trip of any complexity into subgroups is allowed only when working in one cave; in this case, each subgroup must have a leader, a life support kit designed for an unforeseen situation in the cave for at least two days.

When passing vertical caves II class. and horizontal caves III k.s. The group must have at least one leader for every four participants.

Participants of caving trips must have the experience of climbing (the leader - the experience of leading during the passage) caves one category below the maximum for this trip. The leader, in addition, must have experience in climbing caves of the same category of difficulty.

One third of the members of the group in caving trips involving the passage of caves of III class can be tourists with experience in caves of class I, and caves of class II. - No cave experience.

4. Duties and rights of the leader and deputy leader of a hike, expedition, excursion (travel)

4.1. The head and deputy head of a hike, expedition, excursion (travel) are appointed by the administration of the institution conducting the trip.

The leader and deputy leader may be persons who meet the requirements of these Instructions and who, with their consent, are entrusted by the administration of the institution conducting the trip to lead a group (detachment) of students.

If three or more tourist groups with a number of participants of at least 30 students participate in a tourist trip (at least 20 students for a trip II-IV class) and their routes and traffic schedules basically coincide, then the general management of these groups may be assigned to a designated senior manager. In this case, all managers can be credited with leadership.

4.2. The head and his deputy, as well as the senior head, are responsible for the life, health of children and the safety of the campaign, expedition, excursion (travel), for the implementation of the action plan, the content of health-improving, educational and educational work, fire safety rules, nature protection, historical monuments and culture.

4.3. For violation of this Instruction, the head of the group and his deputy, as well as the senior head, bear disciplinary responsibility, unless these violations entail other liability provided for by the current legislation.

4.4. The leader is obliged before the start of the hike, expedition, excursion (travel):

Ensure the acquisition of the group taking into account the interests, tourist qualifications, physical and technical readiness of students;
- organize comprehensive training for participants in a hike, expedition, excursion (travel), check the availability of the necessary knowledge and skills to ensure safety, the ability to swim, and provide first aid;
- organize the preparation and selection of the necessary equipment and food, identify the possibility of replenishing food supplies on the route; draw up a cost estimate; prepare travel documents (route book or route sheet, certificate) and an order for a hike, expedition, excursion (travel);

together with participants:

Get acquainted with the area of ​​the hike, expedition, excursion (travel), according to the reports of other groups, get advice at the station (center) of young tourists, in the route-qualification commission, from experienced tourists and local historians;
- prepare cartographic material, develop a route and schedule for a hike, expedition, excursion (travel), a plan for local history socially useful work and other activities carried out on the route; set milestones and deadlines;
- get acquainted with the weather conditions in the area of ​​the upcoming trip, expedition, excursion (travel); study difficult sections of the route and outline ways to overcome them;

on a hike, expedition, excursion (journey):

Strictly follow the approved route;
- take the necessary measures aimed at ensuring the safety of participants, up to changing the route or stopping the trip, expedition, excursion (travel) due to natural hazards and other circumstances, as well as, if necessary, providing assistance to the victim;
- take urgent measures to transport injured or ill participants to the nearest medical facility;
- report the accident to the next: search and rescue service (PSS) or search and rescue team (SRP), to the institution conducting the trip, and the route qualification commission (MKK), which released the group on the route, local educational authorities;
- appoint in case of temporary separation of the group in an emergency for the purpose of reconnaissance, delivering food, equipment, performing local history tasks, etc., but not more than 8 hours, in each subgroup (in water trips - on each ship) deputies (assistants) from the most trained participants. The composition of the subgroup must be at least four people, including one adult;
- organize, if necessary, operational assistance to another tourist group located in the area;
- inform hydrometeorological stations encountered on the route, local authorities about avalanches, mudflows, glacier movements and other natural hazards observed along the group's route;
- make notes in the route book about the passage of the route.

4.5. When organizing tourist and sports trips:

Submit to the route qualification commission (MCC), which has the authority to consider a trip of this category of complexity, no later than 30 days before the start of the trip, application documents for the trip (itinerary book and its copy, certificates of experience of participants, leader and deputy leader, cartographic material, medical certificates) and other documents necessary for consideration of the declared trip.

Application documents of groups of participants in the hike are considered by the route-qualification commissions under the educational authorities, and if they do not have the appropriate authority - by the ICC of tourism federations (tourist clubs).

With a positive conclusion of the ICC on the possibility of the group making the declared hike, the leader is issued a registered route book. If necessary, special instructions and recommendations to the group are recorded in the itinerary book, the appropriate search and rescue service (PSS) or detachment (PSO) is determined for registration before going on the route.

4.6. Not later than 10 days before departure to the starting point of the trip, inform the PSS or PSO in the prescribed form of the route of the trip, checkpoints and the timing of their passage, the composition of the group. If the active part of the trip begins at the point of deployment of the PSS or PSO, a personal appearance in them is required.

If it is necessary to change the route, the composition of the group and entries in the route book before leaving for the trip, coordinate these changes with the ICC that gave a positive conclusion to the trip, and also inform the PSS or PSO that registered the group.

If it is necessary to change the timing of the trip, the composition of the group after leaving for the trip, report this by telegram to the ICC, which gave a positive conclusion to the trip, to the PSS or PSO that registered the group, and to the institution conducting the trip.

Report by telegram to the ICC, which gave a positive conclusion to the trip, the PSS or PSO that registered the group, and to the institution conducting the trip, about the group passing checkpoints and about the end of the trip.

Submit a report to the ICC, and after reviewing the report and the offset of the trip, issue certificates to the group members about the completed trip.

5. Obligations and rights of participants in a hike, expedition, excursion (travel)

5.1. The participant is obliged:

Actively participate in the preparation, conduct of a tourist trip, expedition, excursion (travel) and reporting;
- strictly observe discipline, as well as fulfill the assignments assigned to him by the meeting of the group;
- timely and efficiently follow the instructions of the head and his deputy (assistant);
- during the period of preparation for categorical hikes, undergo a medical examination at a medical and physical education dispensary or other medical institutions, with a doctor of an educational institution;
- know and strictly follow the rules of fire safety, safety rules in campaigns, including on water, handling explosive objects, ways to prevent injuries and provide first aid;
- take care of nature, monuments of history and culture;
- timely inform the leader of the hike, expedition, excursion (travel) or his deputy (assistant) about the deterioration of health or injury.

5.2. A participant in a hike, expedition, excursion (travel) has the right to:

Use tourist equipment and sports facilities of the institution conducting the trip; - participate in the selection and development of the route; - after the end of the hike, expedition, excursion (travel), discuss at the group meeting the actions of any of the participants, contact the institution conducting the trip, and tourist organizations.

6. Responsibility of the head, deputy head and participants of tourist and sports trips

6.1. For violations of these Instructions that do not entail liability established by applicable law, the agency conducting the trip may submit materials to tourist organizations for the following actions to be taken:

Do not count for the implementation of the standards of sports categories leadership, participation in a perfect trip;
- cancel the offset of all or a certain number of previously completed trips;
- partially or completely disqualify - deprive sports categories and titles;
- prohibit participation, lead hikes of a certain category (degree) of difficulty for a specified period;
- withdraw from the public tourism bodies.

APPENDIX No. 2

AGREED
Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation
Letter dated April 15, 1997 No. 3-E2-8

Instruction
on the procedure for accounting for funds and reporting on multi-day tourist trips, excursions, expeditions and tourist camps of students

1. When organizing multi-day tourist events, the head of the group draws up an estimate, which is approved by the head of the institution. This estimate reflects the items of expenditure, determines the share of funding by the institution and parental funds. The number of participants in the event is also indicated.

2. If necessary, the collection of parental funds by the head of the group can be carried out according to the statement with the receipt of the parents (students) on paying the fee. In this case, parental funds are handed over by the head of the group to the cash desk of the institution or centralized accounting on time, with their subsequent delivery to the bank.

3. At the request of the head of the group, part of the funds is transferred to the organization to pay for the costs associated with holding a multi-day tourist event, and the remaining amount is issued to the head of the group under the report for the preparation and conduct of the event.

4. The amount issued under the report of the head of the group is not included in his total income.

5. At the end of a multi-day tourist event, the head of the group in a timely manner, within three days, submits to the accounting department of the institution an advance report on the expenditure of the amount received under the report. The balance of unspent funds shall be returned to the cashier at the place of receipt of the advance payment.

6. The supporting document for the purchase for cash and non-cash payments and the consumption of food during the period of a multi-day tourist event is a statement of purchased and consumed products ( Annex 1).

7. For intra-route crossings in the absence of travel documents, a route sheet is drawn up ( Appendix 2).

If there are travel documents, they are pasted on sheets of paper for submission to the report.

8. For the mass cultural and household expenses, the head of the group reports to the accounting department with invoices, receipts or tickets. If it is not possible to obtain them, then a statement is drawn up in the form ( Annex 3).

9. The advance report on a multi-day tourist event is accompanied by travel certificates for the head and his deputy and a route sheet with control marks on the way.

Annex 1

List of purchased and consumed food

TOTAL: _________________________________

Signatures: Team leader

Group commander

group manager

Appendix 2

Route sheet

TOTAL:_________________________________

Signatures: Team leader

Group commander

group manager

Annex 3

Statement of purchases and services rendered

TOTAL:_________________________________

Signatures: Team leader

Group commander

group manager

APPENDIX No. 3

On the norms of expenses for food in tourist activities

The Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation explains that when conducting tourist activities (hiking, traveling, rallies, competitions, etc.), one should be guided by the “Approximate list of foodstuffs recommended when compiling the daily diet of a young tourist on hikes and travels” (attached). In the absence of some products, it is allowed to replace products of other names with an increase in their quantity accordingly.

The monetary norms for spending on food in tourist events are established by the heads of institutions and organizations conducting these events, based on natural norms, at actual prices in the region where they are held, within the limits of available funds.

Deputy Minister S.A. BADMAEV

An approximate list of foodstuffs recommended when compiling the daily diet of a young tourist on hikes and travels

(Appendix to the letter of the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation dated January 11, 1993 No. 9/32-F)

APPENDIX No. 4

Typical list of equipment and equipment for a field tourist camp (based on 50 people)

(Appendix 3 to the order of the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation dated April 28, 1995 No. 223)

For camps by type of tourism (water, mountain, cycling, etc.), the corresponding equipment is added to this list: watercraft, climbing equipment, etc.

APPENDIX No. 5

Typical list of tourist equipment of an educational institution

(Appendix 4 to the order of the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation dated April 28, 1995 No. 223)