Aivazovsky Noah descends from Mount Ararat. Biblical paintings by Aivazovsky. Jews crossing the Red Sea

The legendary Mount Ararat (Agri-Dagi - the mountain of suffering) is the pride and pain of the Armenian people (now this shrine is located in Turkey), covered with legends about Noah's Ark, attracting climbers from all over the world. After all, there are not so many mountains from which a panorama of three countries opens at once - Iran, Turkey and Armenia.

Big and Small Ararat.

In essence, Mount Ararat consists of two mountains located 11 km apart, connected by a jagged ridge. Big Ararat (height 5137 meters) - the highest mountain in Turkey, Small Ararat rises to 3896 meters above sea level. Both mountains are of volcanic origin, however, extinct a long time ago.

For many years, Ararat was impregnable, shrouded in many secrets and legends. One of the first to whom she obeyed was Johann Friedrich Parrot, a German scientist. September 27, 1829. His third attempt was successful, several more people participated in the expedition. The first solo ascent was made on September 12, 1876 by English scientist James Bryce.

Mount Ararat on the world map:

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Throughout the Christian world, Mount Ararat is known from the Old Testament Book of Genesis. According to the biblical legend, it was in this place that the righteous Noah landed on his ark after the Flood. Even in the Middle Ages, many expeditions were equipped to search for this artifact, but no one can boast of this find yet.

Noah's Ark on Mount Ararat.

Video about Noah's Ark:

There is a legend according to which the ark cannot be found, it will appear only before the end of the world. This legend is connected with the monk Yakob, who for several days in a row tried to conquer Mount Ararat. But every morning I woke up at the foot of the mountain. And one day an angel came to him in a dream, handed him a piece of the ship and said that the ark could be seen only when God himself wished it.

"Noah's Descent from Ararat" - Aivazovsky's painting.

To date, the mountain is open to anyone who wishes to climb it. And not a single conqueror has regretted this decision. James Bryce himself, once at the top, said: "If man really first stepped on earth here ... a more impressive center of the universe cannot be imagined."

"Noah's Descent from Mount Ararat"(Also "Noah descends from Mount Ararat" listen)) is an 1889 oil painting by Ivan Aivazovsky. The painting depicts one of the episodes of the Old Testament history: Noah returns to earth after the Flood. Together with him, his sons, wife, wives of sons and numerous animals, who escaped the flood thanks to the ark, descend from the Ararat mountains.

The painting was exhibited for the first time in Paris. Subsequently, Aivazovsky presented it to a school in New Nakhichevan. The painting was brought to Yerevan by Martiros Saryan in 1921, during the Civil War. Currently exhibited at the National Gallery of Armenia.

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Notes

An excerpt characterizing the Descent of Noah from Mount Ararat

Summer has come without a hitch. And it was this summer (according to my mother's promise) that I was supposed to see the sea for the first time. I have been waiting for this moment since the winter, as the sea was my old “great” dream. But by a completely stupid accident, my dream almost turned into dust. There were only a couple of weeks left before the trip, and in my mind I was almost “sitting on the shore” ... But, as it turned out, it was still far from the shore. It was a nice warm summer day. Nothing special happened. I was lying in the garden under my favorite old apple tree, reading a book and dreaming about my favorite gingerbread… Yes, yes, gingerbread. From a small neighborhood shop.
I don't know if I've ever eaten anything tastier after? Even after so many years, I still remember the amazing taste and smell of this amazing delicacy that melts in your mouth! They were always fresh and unusually soft, with a dense sweet crust of icing that burst at the slightest touch. Stunningly smelling of honey and cinnamon, and something else that was almost impossible to catch ... It was for these gingerbreads that I was going to go without hesitation for a long time. It was warm, and I (according to our common custom) was dressed only in short shorts. The store was nearby, just a couple of houses away (there were three of them on our street!).

Together with him, his sons, wife, wives of sons and numerous animals, who escaped the flood thanks to the ark, descend from the Ararat mountains.

The painting was exhibited for the first time in Paris. Subsequently, Aivazovsky presented it to a school in New Nakhichevan. The painting was brought to Yerevan by Martiros Saryan in 1921, during the Civil War. Currently exhibited at the National Gallery of Armenia.

Notes

Ivan Konstantinovich Aivazovsky (Arm. Հովհաննես Այվազյան, Hovhannes Ayvazyan; July 17, 1817, Feodosia, Taurida Governorate, Russian Empire - April 19, 1900, Feodosia, Taurida Governorate, Russian Empire) - Russian painter, seascape painter, collector, bathamecenatist. Painter of the Main Naval Staff, academician and honorary member of the Imperial Academy of Arts, honorary member of the Academies of Arts in Amsterdam, Rome, Paris, Florence and Stuttgart.

The most outstanding artist of Armenian origin of the XIX century.

Brother of the Armenian historian and Archbishop of the Armenian Apostolic Church Gabriel Aivazovsky.

Ararat (tur. Ağrı Dağı, Armenian Արարատ and Armenian Մասիս (Masis), Kurd. Çiyayê Agirî) - mountain: the highest volcanic massif of the Armenian Highlands in eastern Turkey; refers to stratovolcanoes. It is located in the Turkish silt of Ygdir on the right bank of the middle course of the Araks River, 16 kilometers from the border with Iran, 28.5 kilometers from the border with Armenia. It consists of two cones of dormant volcanoes merged at the bases: Greater Ararat and Lesser Ararat. The summit of Greater Ararat (5165 meters above sea level) is the highest point in Turkey.

The Armenian Highlands (Azerbaijani Ermənistan yaylası, Armenian Հայկական լեռնաշխարհ , Persian سرزمین کوهستانی ارمنستانی ارمنستانی ارمنستان ی ارمنستان րհ) mountainous region in the north of Asia - mountainous region.platumen , tour. The middle of the three Near Asian uplands. In the west, without sharp boundaries, it passes into the Asia Minor Highlands, in the east it adjoins the Iranian Highlands.

"Brig" Mercury "attacked by two Turkish ships" - an oil painting by Ivan Aivazovsky in 1892. The battle of the Russian brig "Mercury" with the Turkish battleships "Selimiye" and "Real Bay" is immortalized in the picture.

"View of the Leander Tower in Constantinople" - a painting by Ivan Konstantinovich Aivazovsky, painted in 1848 under the impression of a trip to Istanbul. The painting depicts the Leander Tower, built in the 12th century on a tiny rock at the entrance to the strait of the harbor of Constantinople. It has long served as a lighthouse and a mooring place for ships.

The tower rises in the center of the strait, ships with white sails and the silhouettes of the buildings of Constantinople are visible in the background.

"The Wrath of the Seas" is a painting by Russian artist Ivan Konstantinovich Aivazovsky, painted in 1886. Canvas, oil. Size: 70.1 × 110 cm.

“The Ninth Wave” is one of the most famous paintings by the Russian marine painter of Armenian origin Ivan Aivazovsky, kept in the Russian Museum (inv. J-2202).

The painter depicts the sea after a very strong night storm and shipwrecked people. The rays of the sun illuminate the huge waves. The largest of them - the ninth shaft - is ready to fall on people trying to escape on the wreckage of the mast.

Despite the fact that the ship is destroyed and only the mast remains, the people on the mast are alive and continue to fight against the elements. The warm tones of the picture make the sea not so harsh and give the viewer hope that people will be saved.

The size of the painting is 221 × 332 cm. Below, on the mast, signed and dated: Aivazovsky 1850; in the lower right corner in red: 5; on the back in black: No. 2506.

The painting came to the Russian Museum in 1897 from the Hermitage.

“Winter convoy on the way”, or “Caravan of gold” - a painting (landscape) by I.K. Aivazovsky from the collection of the Smolensk Art Gallery.

It was part of the "Wealth of Russia" series, for which the artist was consecrated to the Order of the Legion of Honor.

"Moonlight Night on the Bosphorus" - a painting by Ivan Aivazovsky, written in 1894. The painting depicts the Bosphorus, with ships and vessels floating in it. A moonlit night in Istanbul is captured: a mosque is shown, many people walk along the street.

The sea is a painting by Ivan Aivazovsky, written by him in 1864. The largest number of landscapes in the richest creative heritage of the artist is associated with the image of the Black Sea and Crimean nature.

"Pushkin on the Black Sea" - a painting by Ivan Aivazovsky, written in 1887. Stored in the Nikolaev Art Museum named after VV Vereshchagin.

Ivan Konstantinovich Aivazovsky painted about six thousand paintings during his long life. For more than sixty years of the development of Russian art, Aivazovsky's seascapes have occupied one of the permanent positions in the genre repertoire. He was and remains an artist of one theme, one motive; having reached perfection within the limits set for himself, he practically did not transgress them.

The painting "Rainbow" was Aivazovsky's answer to accusations from critics that his "improvisational" style of painting is not modern, and his talent is drying up.

The canvas was painted in 1873 and became a new stage in the work of the painter.

At first glance, before us is a typical Aivazovsky image of a “shipwreck”. But on the other hand, this work is very different from the previous canvases of the artist. Without abandoning his positions, Aivazovsky, nevertheless, subjected them to revision and modernization - especially with regard to the color scheme of the picture.

Instead of saturated bright colors on this canvas, the shades are more restrained, subtly designed. There is much less "fiction" in the picture.

Despite the obvious romanticism, the work "Rainbow" is distinguished by an undoubted bias towards realism.

"Review of the Black Sea Fleet in 1849" - a painting by Ivan Aivazovsky, painted in 1886.

The Feodosia Art Gallery named after I. K. Aivazovsky is a museum of marine painting, located in the city of Feodosia (Crimea). Consists of two buildings at st. Gallery, 2 (the main exhibition, the work of I. K. Aivazovsky) and st. Gallery, 4 (House of the artist's sister: paintings by I. K. Aivazovsky on mythological and biblical themes, scientific department of the gallery "Russian and Modern Marina").

"Feodosia. Moonlight Night" is one of the paintings by Ivan Aivazovsky, the world-famous marine painter. The painting by Ivan Konstantinovich Aivazovsky was painted in 1852 in oil on canvas. The work is in a private collection. Depicts ships in the Black Sea near Feodosia

The great marine landscape painter painted not only sea views. Among his heritage, one can also find paintings on religious subjects - illustrations of biblical stories. However, even here he did not change himself: in almost every canvas the water element appears. Let's look at the Holy Scriptures through the eyes of Aivazovsky (with the help of the modern translation of the Bible of the Russian Bible Society).

world creation

World creation. 1864. Timing

"In the beginning God created the heaven and the earth. The earth was empty and desolate, darkness was over the abyss, and the spirit of God hovered over the waters. And God said, "Let there be light." And there was light. God saw how good the light was, and separated it from the darkness, gave the name "day" to the light, and the name "night" to the darkness. Evening came, morning came - the first day. And God said: “Let there be a vault in the middle of the water, dividing the waters in two.” And it became so. God created the vault, and separated the waters under the vault from the waters above the vault, and gave the vault the name "heaven". Evening has come, morning has come - the second day (Genesis 1:1-8).

global flood

Global flood. 1864. Timing

“The flood lasted for forty days. When the water began to rise, she lifted the ark, and the ark floated. The water continued to rise and flood the earth. The ark floated, and the water rose higher and higher until it covered the highest mountains that are under the sky. The water rose fifteen cubits above them, and the mountains disappeared under the water. And then all who lived on the earth perished: both the birds, and the cattle, and the beasts, and all the creatures that the earth was full of, and all the people. All who had the breath of life in their nostrils, all the inhabitants of the land, all died. Everything that was on earth - and people, and cattle, and all living creatures, and birds of the air - everything was swept away from the face of the earth. Only Noah and those who were with him in the ark survived. The flood lasted one hundred and fifty days." (Genesis 7:17–24).

Noah's descent from Mount Ararat

Noah's descent from Mount Ararat. 1889. National Gallery of Armenia

“On the twenty-seventh day of the second month, when the earth dried up, God said to Noah: “Come out of the ark, together with your wife, sons and wives of sons. And bring out all the animals - and birds, and cattle, and living creatures scurrying around the earth: let the earth be full of them, let them be fruitful and numerous. And Noah came out of the ark, along with his sons, his wife and wives of his sons, and then came the animals, small living creatures, birds - all the inhabitants of the earth, view after view. (Genesis 8:14–19).

Jews crossing the Red Sea

Jews crossing the Red Sea. 1891. USA, Collection K. and E. Sogoyan

“And the Lord said to Moses: “Stretch your hand over the sea - the waters will return and drown the Egyptians, and the chariots, and the horsemen!” Moses stretched out his hand over the sea - and by morning the sea returned. The Egyptians ran straight towards its waters - and the Lord plunged the Egyptians into the abyss of the sea! The water returned and swallowed them all - and the chariots, and the horsemen, and all the army of Pharaoh, who pursued the sons of Israel along the bottom of the sea. Not a single Egyptian survived! And the sons of Israel walked on the bottom of the sea as on dry land; on their right hand stood a wall of water, and on their left a wall of water. So the Lord saved the children of Israel that day from the Egyptians.” (Exodus 14:26-30).

Walking on the waters

Walking on the waters. 1888. State Museum of the History of Religion

“Immediately after that, He told the disciples to get into the boat and sail to the other side, without waiting for Him to let the people go. After parting with the people, He went up the mountain to pray alone. When evening came, He was there alone. And the boat was already at a distance of many stages from the shore, she fought with the waves, because the wind was contrary. At dawn, Jesus went to them - He was walking on the sea. When the disciples saw that He was walking on the sea, they were afraid. "It's a ghost!" they screamed in fear. "Calm down, it's me! Do not be afraid!" Jesus immediately spoke to them. Then Peter said to Him, "Lord, if it is You, command me to walk to You on the water." "Go," He said. Peter got out of the boat and walked on the water towards Jesus, but when he saw how strong the wind was, he got scared and began to drown. "Save me, Lord!" he shouted. Jesus immediately stretched out his hand and, picking him up, said: “Little faith, why did you doubt?” When they entered the boat, the wind died down. (Gospel of Matthew, 14:22–32).