Organization of the use of airspace. State priorities in the use of airspace

In accordance with paragraph 105 of the Federal Rules for the Use of the Airspace of the Russian Federation, approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of March 11, 2010 No. 138 (Sobraniye Zakonodatelstva Rossiyskoy Federatsii, 2010, No. 14, Art. 1649; 2011, No. 37, Art. 5255; 2011, No. 40, item 5555), I order:

Approve the attached Federal Aviation Rules "Organization of Planning for the Use of the Airspace of the Russian Federation".

Registration number 23577

Federal Aviation Regulations
"Organization of planning for the use of the airspace of the Russian Federation"
(approved by order of the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation dated January 16, 2012 No. 6)

I. General provisions

1. These Federal Aviation Rules "Organization of Planning for the Use of the Airspace of the Russian Federation" (hereinafter referred to as the Rules), developed in accordance with paragraph 105 of the Federal Rules for the Use of the Airspace of the Russian Federation, approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated March 11, 2010 No. 138 (Meeting legislation of the Russian Federation, 2010, No. 14, Article 1649; 2011, No. 37, Article 5255; 2011, No. 40, Article 5555) (hereinafter referred to as the Federal Rules), determine the organization of planning for the use of the airspace of the Russian Federation.

2. These Rules are binding on air traffic services (flight control) and airspace users.

3. The organization of planning the use of airspace includes:

receipt and processing by the centers of the Unified Air Traffic Management System of the Russian Federation (hereinafter referred to as the Unified System) of information on plans for the use of airspace, information on the progress of their implementation, as well as other information on issues of permitting and notification procedures for the use of airspace;

procedures for strategic, pre-tactical and tactical (current) planning of the use of airspace, coordination of the use of airspace in order to distribute it in place, time and height among all interested airspace users, as well as to ensure the organization of air traffic flows;

interaction of the centers of the Unified System with each other, with the air traffic services (flight control) authorities of airspace users, with the air defense authorities in terms of monitoring compliance with the requirements of the Federal Rules.

4. The main center of the Unified System and the zonal center of the Unified System perform strategic, pre-tactical and tactical (current) planning and coordination of the use of airspace.

The main center of the Unified System coordinates the activities of the zonal centers of the Unified System.

5. The zone center of the Unified System performs strategic, pre-tactical and tactical (current) planning and coordination of the use of airspace, and also coordinates the activities of air traffic services (flight control) in the zone of the Unified System on the organization of the use of airspace.

6. The regional center of the Unified System, endowed with the appropriate right to plan the use of airspace according to the list of zones and areas of the Unified System, performs pre-tactical and tactical (current) planning, coordinates the use of airspace, and also coordinates activities on the organization of the use of airspace:

district centers of the Unified System and auxiliary district centers of the Unified System operating in its area of ​​responsibility;

air traffic services (flight control) bodies of airspace users designated as auxiliary control points for state aviation;

air traffic services units providing flight information services in class G;

air traffic services authorities of aerodromes and landing sites in the area of ​​responsibility.

7. Strategic, pre-tactical and tactical (current) planning of the use of airspace, as well as coordination of the use of airspace are carried out on the basis of information:

reports on plans (schedules, schedules) for the use of airspace, including reports on plans for international flights of aircraft and domestic flights of aircraft along air traffic services routes, flights of aircraft outside air traffic routes and the use of restricted areas;

on permits (issued by the relevant federal executive authorities) for the performance of international flights and on the cancellation of such permits;

on prohibitions and restrictions on the use of airspace;

on permits for the use of airspace in prohibited zones and restricted zones from persons in whose interests such zones have been established, and on the cancellation of such permits;

on the movement of aircraft in the airspace;

on the beginning and end of activities for the use of airspace, not related to the performance of aircraft flights.

8. To ensure the process of planning the use of airspace in the centers of the Unified System, an aviation ground network for transmitting data and telegraph messages, a public telephone network, a telephone and (or) telegraph network of limited access, the Internet are organized, and information is also received on paper medium, including facsimile.

Planning of the use of airspace in the centers of the Unified System, equipped with complexes of automation tools for planning the use of airspace, is carried out using these complexes.

9. The air traffic services (flight control) authorities of airspace users, individuals and legal entities organizing and carrying out activities for the use of airspace should provide the centers of the Unified System with information regarding the activities for the use of airspace in a timely manner and in full.

10. Coordination of the use of airspace ensures optimal and flexible use of airspace and includes:

ensuring the safety of the use of airspace in the event of changes in the air, meteorological and air navigation situation through the implementation of the powers of the centers of the Unified System for the redistribution of airspace in accordance with state priorities;

timely introduction and removal of prohibitions and restrictions in the optimal volumes of airspace associated with temporary and local regimes, as well as short-term restrictions;

providing the possibility of using the airspace of restricted flight zones, the operation of which is limited to a temporary period.

11. In the course of planning the use of airspace, the organization of air traffic flows on air traffic services routes and in the areas of civil airfields, including joint airfields, is ensured.

12. To ensure the organization of air traffic flows, informing and regulatory measures are applied in the following cases:

reaching the limit values ​​of air traffic volumes relative to the declared capacity of the air traffic services units providing area control service, approach control service and aerodrome control service, or values ​​exceeding them;

reduction in airspace capacity due to the restriction of its use associated with the implementation of state priorities in the use of airspace, as well as changes in the meteorological situation or other factors affecting flight safety.

The application of information and regulatory measures is aimed at maintaining safe and orderly air traffic flows, as well as managing the capacity of air traffic services units.

13. Strategic, pre-tactical and tactical (current) planning of the use of airspace, coordination of the use of airspace are carried out by the aviation personnel of the main center, zonal center and regional center of the Unified System around the clock, using coordinated universal time.

II. Organization of strategic planning for the use of airspace

14. Strategic planning for the use of airspace (hereinafter referred to as strategic planning) is carried out by the main center and zonal centers of the Unified System two or more days before the day of using the airspace in order to coordinate issues related to the organization of the use of airspace in the implementation of:

international and domestic flights of aircraft along air traffic service routes in accordance with the schedule of regular air transportation of passengers and (or) cargo carried out by carriers holding the appropriate licenses (hereinafter referred to as the schedule of regular air transportation);

flights of aircraft outside the air traffic service routes and other activities on the use of airspace, not related to the flights of aircraft, for which the prohibition or restriction of the use of airspace is required.

15. At the stage of strategic planning, the main center of the Unified System:

coordinates the issues of organizing the use of airspace related to the schedule of regular air transportation of passengers and (or) cargo, for which it collects and summarizes the necessary information contained in messages about recurring plans for international flights and domestic flights of aircraft along air traffic service routes, as well as in relevant changes to them;

makes a forecast of airspace requirements for air traffic for each coming day, for which strategic planning of the use of airspace is carried out, and also determines the ratio of air traffic requirements and the declared capacity of air traffic services;

develops, coordinates and applies strategic air traffic flow management measures in accordance with the stated air traffic requirements and air traffic services capacity, as well as prohibitions and restrictions affecting air traffic flows;

together with the zonal centers of the Unified System, develops and preliminary agrees on the conditions for the use of airspace for flights of aircraft of state and experimental aviation outside the air traffic service routes;

accepts and communicates, in the part related to the zonal centers of the Unified system of permission to operate aircraft flights, to carry out activities for the use of airspace not related to aircraft flights, as well as other information on the organization and ensuring the safety of the use of airspace.

16. At the stage of strategic planning, the zonal center of the Unified System:

takes part in coordinating the issues of organizing the use of the airspace of its zone of the Unified System, concerning the schedule of regular air transportation of passengers and (or) cargo;

accepts and summarizes information contained in reports on submitted aircraft flight plans and other plans for the use of airspace for activities not related to aircraft flights, and also checks its compliance with the established airspace structure and formalization;

together with the regional centers of the Unified System of its zone of the Unified System, develops and preliminary agrees on the conditions for the use of airspace for flights of aircraft of state and experimental aviation outside the routes of air traffic services;

participates in the application of strategic measures to organize air traffic flows in accordance with the declared needs of air traffic and the capacity of air traffic services (flight control), as well as prohibitions and restrictions affecting air traffic flows;

collects and summarizes information contained in the schedules (plans) for the use of flight restriction zones, the time period of which is communicated through NOTAM notices, as well as information on the use of aircraft flight routes established by instructions for operating flights in the areas of aerodromes (air hubs), and sends appropriate submissions to the aeronautical information authority for the issuance of a NOTAM notice;

accepts from the main center of the Unified System and communicates to the regional centers of the Unified System of its zone of the Unified System, insofar as it concerns them, permissions to operate aircraft flights, to carry out activities for the use of airspace not related to aircraft flights, as well as other information on issues of organizing and ensuring the safety of the use of airspace.

17. For strategic planning of international and domestic flights of aircraft along air traffic services routes performed according to the schedule of regular air transportation, aircraft operators send to the main center of the Unified System a message about a recurring aircraft flight plan or a message about a submitted aircraft flight plan.

17.1. A message about a recurring aircraft flight plan may be used by Russian operators in all cases when the aircraft flight is included in the schedule of regular air transportation on the same day (days), at least ten consecutive weeks, or daily, during a period of not less than ten days. At the same time, its implementation is provided for in accordance with the rules of instrument flights using air traffic services routes.

The information contained in a recurring aircraft flight plan message should have a high degree of consistency, namely: the duration of the flight plan; flight days; aircraft identification number; aircraft type and wake turbulence category; admission to flights in RVSM; departure airport; block cleaning time; cruising speed(s); cruising level(s); flight route and corridor(s) of crossing the state border of the Russian Federation (for international flights); destination airport.

17.2. A report on a repeating aircraft flight plan may be used by an operator of a foreign state in the cases specified in paragraph 17.1 of these Rules, provided that such a procedure is established by a bilateral international agreement.

17.3. If necessary, recurring aircraft flight plans are combined by the operator into an appropriate list. The composition of the information included in the list of recurring aircraft flight plans, as well as the procedure for sending it to the main center of the Unified System, must comply with the report sheet on the movement of aircraft in the Russian Federation, approved in the prescribed manner.

17.4. A change in the list of recurring aircraft flight plans regarding a new flight, as well as the exclusion or change of a flight previously included in the list, is carried out after submitting to the main center of the Unified System a message about its change in the form corresponding to the main format of the list of recurring aircraft flight plans.

17.5. A report on the submitted aircraft flight plan, when it is carried out according to the schedule of regular air transportation, is sent at the discretion of the operator two or more days in advance to the main center of the Unified System in the following cases:

if the frequency and conditions of the aircraft flight do not meet the criteria specified in clause 17.1 of these Rules;

if the international flight of an aircraft is carried out by an aircraft of a foreign state with which an international agreement has not been concluded on the procedures for applying a repetitive flight plan;

if it is known that the international flight of the aircraft will be carried out in the airspace of the Russian Federation with changes in the conditions relative to those declared in the recurring plan.

18. Additionally, for the strategic planning of international flights of aircraft of foreign states along air traffic service routes performed according to the schedule of regular air transportation, the main center of the Unified System uses information on these flights received from the Federal Air Transport Agency at the stage of coordination and issuance of permission for their implementation .

19. Strategic planning for international operations includes:

availability in the main center of the Unified System of the submitted flight plan and one of the following documents: an international treaty of the Russian Federation, permits for international flights of aircraft issued by the Government of the Russian Federation, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation, the Ministry of Industry and Trade of the Russian Federation, the General Staff of the Armed Forces Russian Federation;

in the event that for the performance of an international flight of a foreign aircraft there is a need to use airspace outside the air traffic service routes or air traffic service routes not open for international flights, as well as the use of airfields not open for international flights for landing and takeoff, the permit is issued Federal Air Transport Agency.

20. Strategic planning of aircraft flights outside air traffic service routes, with the exception of international flights, and other activities on the use of airspace not related to aircraft flights, is carried out in order to:

taking early measures to ensure the safety of the use of the airspace of other users;

preliminary coordination of air traffic management issues.

21. When organizing flights and off-aerodrome flights of combat, combat training aircraft of state aviation and experimental aircraft manufactured for state aviation, the flight route (off-aerodrome flight) and the procedure for servicing air traffic are subject to prior agreement with the main center or zonal center of the Unified System.

21.1. To coordinate a flight (off-aerodrome flight), the operational bodies of the Unified System must have data on the flight route, indicating at each stage the distance, flight time, altitude range (levels), landing aerodromes and alternate aerodromes.

21.2. When performing flights (off-aerodrome flights) in the airspace of three or more adjacent zones of the Unified System, the data specified in paragraph 21.1 of these Rules and a request for their approval are submitted to the main center of the Unified System.

21.3. When performing a flight (off-aerodrome flight) in the airspace of one zone or two adjacent zones of the Unified System, the data specified in clause 21.1 of these Rules and a request for their approval are sent to the zone center of the Unified System at the location of the departure aerodrome.

21.4. The timing of sending to the main or zonal center of the Unified Flight Data System (out-of-aerodrome flight) is determined at the discretion of the party organizing the flight (out-of-aerodrome flight), within the period of strategic planning for the use of airspace.

21.5. An exception to paragraph 21.4 of these Rules is when the flight route (off-aerodrome flight) or its individual sections pass through class G airspace, and the planned aircraft flight speeds exceed 450 km/h.

At the same time, the term for sending the Unified Data System on a flight (out-of-aerodrome flight) to the main or zonal center must be at least five days before its start for the timely issuance of a NOTAM notice warning of prohibitions and restrictions in uncontrolled airspace associated with a flight (out-of-aerodrome flight) .

21.6. The main center of the Unified System, together with the zonal centers of the Unified System, in relation to flights (off-aerodrome flights) in the airspace of three or more adjacent zones of the Unified System, analyzes and determines the possibility of using the declared route, as well as the procedure for servicing air traffic, including the main and alternate radio frequencies and borders transfer of control.

With regard to flights (off-aerodrome flights) in the airspace of one or two adjacent zones of the Unified System, the zonal center of the Unified System, together with the regional centers of the Unified System of its zone of the Unified System, analyzes and determines the possibility of using the declared route, as well as the procedure for servicing air traffic (flight control), including main and spare radio frequencies and handover boundaries.

21.7. The main center of the Unified System sends coordinated data on the route of the flight (out-of-aerodrome flight) and the procedure for servicing air traffic (flight control) to the organizer of the flight (out-of-aerodrome flight) no later than two days after receiving the request.

21.8. The zonal center of the Unified System sends the coordinated data on the route of the flight (out-of-aerodrome flight) and the procedure for servicing air traffic to the organizer of the flight (out-of-aerodrome flight) no later than one day after receiving the request.

22. The strategic planning phase agrees on the use of restricted areas, the time period of which is determined by NOTAM or published in aeronautical information documents.

22.1. If it is necessary to use the temporary flight restriction zone for firing, missile launches, bombing, landing at the ranges; carrying out anti-hail firing; carrying out work with ammunition at their storage facilities; scientific research in the atmosphere; blasting; performing flights in special zones outside the areas of airfields (heliports); of unmanned aerial vehicle flights, airspace users, no later than five days before its entry into force, submit to the zonal center of the Unified System a schedule (plan) for its use.

The schedule (plan) indicates: the number of the restricted flight zone, the date and time of use of the airspace in it.

The schedule (plan) of use can be sent indicating one or more dates for the activation of the flight restriction zone, but not more than a month in advance.

22.2. The schedule (plan) for the use of flight restriction zones in the interests of aircraft flights outside the areas of aerodromes additionally indicates data on the use of aircraft flight routes.

22.3. The zone center of the Unified System, having received the schedule (plan) for the use of the flight restriction zone, sends a submission to the aeronautical information authority for the publication of a NOTAM notice and publishes on the Internet information about its activation, as well as information about restrictions on air traffic service routes associated with aircraft flights outside the aerodrome area, informs the main center of the Unified System and regional centers of the Unified System of its zone of the Unified System.

22.4. Adjustment of the period of activation of the restricted flight zone is allowed during pre-tactical planning of the use of airspace in accordance with the plan for the use of airspace within the previously declared date.

23. At the stage of strategic planning, coordination of the launch of balloons (sonde rockets, radiosondes, pilot balloons and similar material objects) is carried out.

23.1. Coordination of launches of balloons-probes, carried out in a single international time frame in order to obtain meteorological data on the state of the atmosphere, is carried out on the basis of schedules (extracts from annual plans).

Schedules (extracts from annual plans) are submitted by the territorial bodies of the Federal Service for Hydrometeorology and Environmental Monitoring to the zonal centers of the Unified System and the headquarters of the Air Force and Air Defense Commands annually, until December 15.

Changes in the balloon launch schedule are reported no later than 15 days in advance.

23.2. Coordination of one-time launches of balloons is made on the basis of plans for the use of airspace, which are submitted to the zonal center of the Unified System no later than three days before the launch time. At the same time, the zonal centers of the Unified System:

bring the schedules (extracts from annual plans) for the launch of balloons, changes to them, as well as plans for the use of single launches to the regional centers of the Unified System of their zone of the Unified System;

determine prohibitions and restrictions on air traffic service routes, in the areas of airfields to take them into account when organizing air traffic flows.

24. Based on reports of aircraft flight plans and plans for the use of airspace for activities not related to aircraft operations, information on established prohibitions and restrictions in the airspace, as well as statistics on the actual volume of air traffic that occurred previously, the main center The unified system generates a forecast of airspace needs to ensure air traffic for each upcoming day.

When making the above forecast of airspace requirements, it is necessary to take into account the technical capabilities of airports.

25. Based on the forecast of airspace requirements for air traffic for each upcoming day, the main center of the Unified System determines the ratio of air traffic requirements and the declared capacity of air traffic services (flight control).

26. In the event that air traffic requirements exceed the declared capacity of air traffic services (flight control), the main center of the Unified System, with the participation of zonal centers of the Unified System, develops, coordinates and applies strategic measures to organize air traffic flows, which include:

informing air traffic services (flight control) to develop measures to increase their capacity;

preparation of proposals for the organization of airspace;

adjustment of the spatial and temporal characteristics of the flight route declared by the user in the airspace of the Russian Federation in accordance with the state priorities for its use, as well as taking into account the declared capacity of air traffic services (flight control).

III. Organization of pre-tactical planning for the use of airspace

27. Pre-tactical planning for the use of airspace is carried out by the main center of the Unified System, zonal and regional centers of the Unified System on the eve of the day of using airspace in order to distribute airspace in place, time and height (hereinafter referred to as the distribution of airspace), including the distribution of airspace of air service routes movement between aircraft in an air traffic flow.

28. The distribution of airspace is a process during which the centers of the Unified System determine the conditions for the use of airspace for the coming day based on the received messages about the submitted flight plans for aircraft in airspace classes A and C, about flight plans for unmanned aerial vehicles, about plans use of airspace to carry out activities not related to aircraft flights, as well as the establishment of prohibitions and restrictions in the airspace in order to ensure the safety of its use.

29. As a result of pre-tactical planning for the use of airspace in the main, zonal and regional centers of the Unified System, a daily plan for the use of airspace is formed, which is communicated to the air traffic services (flight control) or airspace users whose activities are not related to aircraft flights.

Information from the daily plan of the center of the Unified System contains the permission and conditions for the use of airspace, in accordance with which the air traffic services (flight control) authority, based on the request of the aircraft commander, issues an air traffic control clearance.

For the direct implementation of activities not related to aircraft flights, the basis is the permission and conditions for the use of airspace received from the corresponding center of the Unified System.

30. The daily plan of the main center of the Unified System is a collection of information on aircraft flight plans, including aircraft flights according to the international and domestic schedule, and permissions to use airspace for their implementation for the coming day.

Information on aircraft flight plans according to the international and domestic schedules, according to which strategic planning was carried out on the basis of messages about recurring aircraft flight plans, is included in the daily plan of the main center of the Unified System and sent to the corresponding zonal centers of the Unified System in the format of the submitted flight plan.

31. The daily plan of the zonal center of the Unified System is a set of information:

on flight plans for aircraft and unmanned aerial vehicles;

on plans for the use of airspace in carrying out activities not related to the performance of aircraft flights within the boundaries of the zone of the Unified System (only for zonal centers that do not have a regional center of the Unified System within the boundaries of their zone);

permits for the use of airspace for the coming day to perform the flights and activities specified in the previous subparagraph;

on aircraft flight plans and permissions for the use of airspace for their implementation received from the main center of the Unified System in the part related to the airspace of the Unified System zone.

32. The daily plan of the district center of the Unified System is a set of information:

on flight plans for aircraft and unmanned aerial vehicles, as well as plans for the implementation of activities not related to the performance of aircraft flights, and permits for the use of airspace for their implementation in accordance with the Federal Rules;

on flight plans for aircraft, unmanned aerial vehicles and on permits for the use of airspace for their implementation received from the zonal center of the Unified System insofar as it relates to the airspace of the area of ​​the Unified System.

33. When carrying out pre-tactical planning for the use of airspace, the main center of the Unified System:

draws up, analyzes and coordinates a plan for the use of airspace for the coming day (daily plan);

brings the daily plan, established prohibitions and restrictions on the use of airspace for the coming day to the zonal centers and the cooperating air defense body;

34. When carrying out pre-tactical planning for the use of airspace, the zonal center of the Unified System:

adopts plans for the use of airspace for the implementation of activities for the coming day, and also checks their compliance with the established structure of airspace and formalization;

publishes on the Internet information about all prohibitions and restrictions for the coming day regarding the airspace of the area of ​​responsibility where class G is installed;

draws up, analyzes and corrects the daily plan with the inclusion of plans for the use of airspace received from the main center of the Unified System and adjacent zonal centers of the Unified System;

sends extracts from the daily plan to the district centers of the Unified System in the part that concerns them;

issues a permit for the use of airspace in accordance with the Federal Rules;

brings the daily plan, established prohibitions and restrictions on the use of airspace for the coming day to the cooperating air defense body;

develops, coordinates and applies pre-tactical measures for the organization of air traffic flows in accordance with the declared needs of air traffic and the capacity of air traffic services (flight control), as well as prohibitions and restrictions affecting air traffic flows.

35. When carrying out pre-tactical planning for the use of airspace, the regional center of the Unified System:

receives from the zonal center of the Unified System information from the daily plan for the use of the airspace of the Unified System zone regarding its area of ​​responsibility;

upon request, issues a permit for the use of airspace in accordance with the Federal Rules;

ensures the application of the unified system of pre-tactical measures for organizing air traffic flows developed by the main and zonal centers in terms of the throughput of the air traffic services (flight control) units of the area of ​​responsibility;

controls the state of the capacity of the air traffic services (flight control) of its area, calculates changes in throughput standards, brings them to its zonal center of the Unified System.

36. In the course of pre-tactical planning for the use of airspace by the operational bodies of the Unified System, pre-tactical activities are provided to organize air traffic flows for the coming day along air traffic service routes:

the flow of air traffic is determined, which takes into account the data of recurring flight plans for the upcoming day, as well as messages about the submitted flight plans for the upcoming day, received by the operational bodies of the Unified System in the course of strategic and pre-tactical planning for the use of airspace;

taking into account the spatial and temporal characteristics of the air traffic flow, its compliance with the declared capacity of the air traffic services units is determined, while the established prohibitions and restrictions that affect air traffic service routes and areas of civil aviation aerodromes are taken into account without fail.

37. Distribution of airspace on air traffic service routes during the formation of air traffic flow for the coming day is carried out in accordance with state priorities in the use of airspace.

38. For each message received by the main center of the Unified System about the submitted plan of international flight or domestic flight in the airspace of more than one zone of the Unified System, if these flights are performed along air traffic services routes, an analysis of their impact on the load of air traffic services units is carried out. .

Analysis of the impact of domestic flights on the load of air traffic services when they are performed within the same zone of the Unified System along the routes of air traffic services is carried out by the zonal center of the Unified System.

39. When detecting an excess of air traffic over the capacity standards of an air traffic service (flight control) body, the main or zonal center of the Unified System develops, in agreement with the interested air traffic services (flight control) bodies, and applies (finishes) pre-tactical measures for organizing air traffic flows :

informs the air traffic services (flight control) authority about the need to develop measures to increase the declared capacity in the coming day;

or determines, in agreement with the airspace user, possible changes to the declared conditions for the performance of flights, including a change in the flight route or its time characteristics (time of departure or time of landing of the aircraft).

39.1. When implementing the procedures for ensuring pre-tactical activities for organizing air traffic flows, the centers of the Unified System and the air traffic services (flight control) authorities apply formalized messages related to air traffic services and indicated in the report sheet on the movement of aircraft in the Russian Federation.

39.2. In the case of applying pre-tactical measures for organizing air traffic flows in relation to the planned flight of an aircraft, the airspace user or his representative must, through the air traffic services (flight control) authority of the departure aerodrome:

cancel the submitted aircraft flight plan previously submitted to the main or zonal center of the Unified System;

submit to the main or area center of the Unified System a new submitted aircraft flight plan indicating in it the flight conditions agreed with the corresponding center of the Unified System.

39.3. Regulatory measures in the course of pre-tactical planning for the use of airspace while ensuring the organization of air traffic flows do not apply to aircraft flights:

under the letter "A", "K" and "PK";

in the interests of search and rescue and emergency rescue operations;

to provide assistance in natural and man-made emergencies, for medical and other humanitarian purposes;

under special conditions;

with special cases in flight;

subjected to unlawful interference;

state and experimental aviation departing from aerodromes where the procedures and rules defined for civil aviation aerodromes are not applied.

40. With regard to aircraft flights outside air traffic service routes, pre-tactical planning for the use of airspace is implemented:

for aerodrome flights of aircraft of state and experimental aviation, during which the use of restricted areas is expected;

for flights and off-aerodrome flights of combat, combat training aircraft of state aviation and experimental aircraft manufactured for state aviation;

flights of aircraft during the performance of aviation work in the border zone;

flights of aircraft during the performance of aviation work and parachute jumps, as well as demonstration flights over populated areas.

40.1. In all cases specified in paragraph 40 of these Rules, airspace users send messages about the submitted aircraft flight plan within the time period ensuring its receipt on the eve of the flight day:

to the main center of the Unified System until 14.00 Moscow time when flying in the airspace of more than two zones of the Unified System;

to the zonal center of the Unified System until 16.00 local time when flying in the airspace of one or two adjacent zones of the Unified System.

40.2. The zonal center of the Unified System upon receipt of the submitted plan for aerodrome flights of aircraft of state and experimental aviation, during which the use of restricted areas and flight routes that go beyond the aerodrome area is supposed to be used, the compliance of the information specified in it with the information of the previously published relevant notice is checked NOTAM.

40.2.1. If it is necessary to correct data on restricted areas and routes that go beyond the aerodrome area, the airspace user coordinates them with the zone center of the Unified System, which sends a submission to the aeronautical information authority for changing the NOTAM notice.

Changes in the NOTAM notice regarding the timing of the activation of the restricted flight zone and the time of use of routes that go beyond the aerodrome area are allowed within the date of the planned flights.

40.2.2. The submitted plan for aerodrome flights is included in the daily plan of the zonal center of the Unified System and is sent to the regional center of the Unified System, in the area of ​​responsibility of which the airfield is located.

In addition, the submitted airfield flight plan is sent to another regional center of the Unified System, if the restricted flight zone and/or flight route enters the airspace of its area of ​​responsibility.

40.2.3. Permission to use the airspace for aerodrome flights, during which it is supposed to use flight restriction zones and flight routes that go beyond the aerodrome area, is formed by the regional center of the Unified System and can be issued to the air traffic service (flight control) body of the aerodrome on the eve of the day of the flights.

40.3. The submitted flight plans for combat, combat training aircraft of state aviation and experimental aircraft manufactured for state aviation, for flights outside air traffic service routes, are sent at the stage of pre-tactical planning for the use of airspace to the main center or zonal center of the Unified System on the eve of the flight day.

The data on the route of the flight and the procedure for servicing air traffic in the indicated aircraft flight plans correspond to the data agreed upon in the course of strategic planning for the use of airspace.

40.3.1. If the submitted aircraft flight plan provides for changes in flight conditions regarding the previously agreed flight route and the procedure for servicing air traffic, the main or zonal center of the Unified System clarifies and corrects, if necessary, the conditions for the use of airspace.

40.3.2. Permission and conditions for the use of airspace for flights of combat, combat training aircraft of state aviation and experimental aircraft manufactured for state aviation, the zonal centers of the Unified System bring:

to regional centers of the Unified System and air traffic services (flight control), under the direct control of which the flight will be carried out;

to the air traffic services (flight control) aerodromes of departure, landing and alternate aerodromes along the flight route.

40.4. Permission and conditions for the use of airspace when performing aviation work in the border zone are issued by the relevant centers of the Unified System at the stage of pre-tactical planning for the use of airspace on the basis of the submitted aircraft flight plan, as well as the permission of the territorial body of the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation.

Information on the permission of the territorial body of the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation in the form of a copy of the document is provided by the user of the airspace to the zonal center of the Unified System.

40.5. Permission and conditions for the use of airspace when performing aerial work and parachute jumps, as well as demonstration flights over populated areas, are issued by the relevant operational bodies of the Unified System on the basis of the submitted aircraft flight plan, which must be submitted at the stage of pre-tactical planning for the use of airspace, as well as permission from the relevant local authority.

Information on the permission of the local government in the form of a copy of the document is provided by the airspace user to the zonal center of the Unified System.

41. Permission and conditions for the use of airspace for flights of unmanned aerial vehicles are formed at the stage of pre-tactical planning in accordance with the message about the flight plan submitted to the zonal center of the Unified System on the eve of the day of using the airspace, except for cases when the flights of an unmanned aerial vehicle are carried out in airspace classes A and C in accordance with clause 114 of the Federal Rules.

At the same time, the flight plan of an unmanned aerial vehicle is subject to inclusion in the daily plan of the zonal and regional center of the Unified System in the course of pre-tactical planning for the use of airspace in the following cases:

if a temporary or local regime has been established to ensure it;

if the area of ​​his planned flights is within the boundaries of airspace of classes A and C, where short-term restrictions will be established, and the flight itself will be carried out for the purposes of defense, state and public safety, as well as search and rescue activities and assistance in case of natural disasters and emergency situations.

42. Pre-tactical planning for the use of airspace in relation to:

carrying out firing, missile launches, bombing, landing at the ranges;

carrying out anti-hail firing;

carrying out work with ammunition at their storage facilities;

scientific research in the atmosphere;

blasting;

other types of activities for the use of airspace, not related to the flights of aircraft, are carried out on the basis of plans for the relevant types of activities or data from the schedules (annual plans) of such activities, as well as the condition of preliminary establishment of restricted flight zones or dangerous zones over the high seas.

43. Pre-tactical planning for the use of airspace in relation to flights of airships and manned balloons in class A and C airspace is carried out on the basis of the submitted flight plan.

44. At the stage of pre-tactical planning for the use of airspace by the operational bodies of the Unified System, the information necessary to ensure anti-hail firing, restrictions on air traffic maintenance routes are specified, the procedure for interaction with the operational group conducting firing is specified.

IV. Organization of tactical (current) planning of airspace use

45. Tactical (current) planning of the use of airspace (hereinafter referred to as tactical planning) is carried out by the main center of the Unified System, zonal and regional centers of the Unified System in the process of fulfilling the daily plan by redistributing airspace in place, time and height (hereinafter referred to as redistribution of airspace) in order to ensure the safety of planned activities and activities, plans for which are received on the current day.

46. ​​In tactical planning, the main center of the Unified System:

accepts plans for the use of airspace for the current day, and also checks their compliance with the established structure of airspace and formalization;

issues a permit for the use of airspace in accordance with the Federal Rules;

brings additions and changes to the current daily plan, established prohibitions and restrictions on the use of airspace to the interacting air defense authority and coordinates with it on issues of crossing the state border of the Russian Federation, as well as monitoring compliance with Federal rules;

implements and coordinates the application of tactical measures to organize air traffic flows in accordance with the declared needs of air traffic and the capacity of air traffic services (flight control), as well as prohibitions and restrictions affecting air traffic flows, the emerging air, meteorological and aeronautical situation.

47. During tactical planning, the zonal center of the Unified System:

implements the plan for the use of airspace for the current day (current daily plan) and coordinates it depending on the emerging air, meteorological, air navigation situation and in accordance with state priorities;

adopts plans for the use of airspace for the implementation of activities for the current day, and also checks their compliance with the established structure of airspace and formalization;

if necessary, supplements on the Internet information on prohibitions and restrictions regarding the airspace of the area of ​​responsibility where class G is installed;

issues a permit for the use of airspace in accordance with the Federal Rules;

accepts and transmits to the air traffic services (flight control) authorities providing flight information services in the G airspace class, and to the air defense authorities, the relevant notifications on the use of airspace;

implements tactical measures for organizing air traffic flows;

brings additions and changes to the current daily plan, established prohibitions and restrictions on the use of airspace to the interacting air defense authority and coordinates with it on issues of control over compliance with the Federal Rules;

develops, coordinates and applies tactical measures to organize air traffic flows in accordance with the declared needs of air traffic and the capacity of air traffic services (flight control), as well as prohibitions and restrictions affecting air traffic flows, the emerging air, meteorological and air navigation situation .

The zonal center of the Unified System, which does not have a regional center of the Unified System within the boundaries of its zone, additionally performs the main tasks of organizing planning for the use of airspace, provided for the regional center of the Unified System.

48. In tactical planning, the district center of the Unified System:

receives from the zonal center of the Unified System an extract from the daily plan for the use of airspace regarding its area of ​​responsibility and changes to the current daily plan;

develops conditions for the use of the airspace of the area of ​​responsibility when performing flights by aircraft outside the air traffic services routes, unmanned aerial vehicles in airspace classes A, C and G, as well as for activities not related to aircraft flights;

issues a permit for the use of airspace in accordance with the Federal Rules;

implements pre-tactical and tactical measures to organize air traffic flows;

coordinates the implementation by air traffic services (flight control) of tactical measures to organize air traffic flows and informs the zonal center of the Unified System about their implementation;

controls the state of the capacity of the air traffic services (flight control) of its area, calculates changes in the capacity standards and brings them to its zonal center of the Unified System;

ensures the application of the unified system of pre-tactical measures for organizing air traffic flows developed by the main and zonal centers in terms of the declared capacity of the air traffic services (flight control) units of the area of ​​responsibility.

49. In the course of pre-tactical planning for the use of airspace, tactical activities are provided to organize air traffic flows on air traffic service routes based on the information of the daily plan and reports on submitted aircraft flight plans received by the main or zonal center of the Unified System:

for international and domestic flights of aircraft according to the schedule of regular air transportation;

for international and domestic flights of aircraft with deviations from the schedule of regular air transportation;

for international flights on air traffic services routes;

for domestic flights on air traffic services routes outside the regular air transportation schedule.

49.1. A message about the submitted flight plan of an aircraft for an international flight or a domestic flight according to the scheduled air transportation schedule must be received at the main center of the Unified System at least one hour before departure in the following cases:

if the filing of a report on a repeating aircraft flight plan was not applied to the flight of the aircraft;

if the submitted aircraft flight plan report was not submitted prior to tactical planning.

49.2. A message about the submitted aircraft flight plan for an international flight with a deviation from the scheduled air transportation schedule or for a single international flight along air traffic services routes must be received at the main center of the Unified System at least three hours before departure.

Deviation from the schedule of regular air transportation is considered:

a flight with a departure delay of more than 30 minutes relative to the time approved in the regular air transportation schedule;

a flight with a change in the aircraft identification index, aircraft type and turbulent wake category, RVSM flight permit, departure aerodrome, block cleaning time, flight route and corridors for crossing the state border of the Russian Federation (for international flights), as well as the destination aerodrome.

49.3. A message about the submitted flight plan of an aircraft for performing a domestic flight along air traffic services routes outside the schedule of regular air transportation in the airspace of more than one zone of the Unified System must arrive at the main center of the Unified System at least three hours before departure.

49.4. A message about the submitted flight plan of an aircraft for performing a domestic flight along air traffic services routes outside the schedule of regular air transportation in the airspace of one zone of the Unified System must be received at the zone center of the Unified System at least one hour before departure.

50. Provision of tactical activities for the organization of air traffic flows is carried out on the basis of an analysis of air traffic flows along air traffic service routes in accordance with the daily plan and changes to it, the declared capacity of air traffic services (flight control), taking into account prohibitions and restrictions, developing air, meteorological and air navigation situation.

50.1. The main center and zonal centers of the Unified System, upon receiving a message about the submitted aircraft flight plan, analyze the impact of this flight on the load of air traffic services (flight control) units and identify those air traffic services (flight control) units, the declared capacity of which may be exceeded .

50.2. In the event that the declared capacity of the air traffic services (flight control) unit is expected to be exceeded, the main or zonal center of the Unified System develops and applies tactical measures for organizing air traffic flows:

informs the air traffic services (flight control) authorities about the expected excess of demand over the declared capacity and jointly develops measures aimed at increasing it;

sends proposals to the user of the airspace to change the conditions of use of the airspace declared in the flight plan of the aircraft (place, time, altitude).

50.3. Tactical measures for the organization of air traffic flows are communicated to the operational bodies of the Unified System, in the area of ​​responsibility of which these measures must be implemented, the air traffic services (flight control) of aerodromes in the form of formalized messages in accordance with the report sheet on the movement of aircraft in the Russian Federation, approved in the established okay.

50.4. In the case of applying tactical air traffic flow management measures in relation to the planned flight of an aircraft, the airspace user must:

cancel the submitted flight plan, the message about which was previously submitted to the main or zonal center of the Unified System;

submit a new message on the submitted aircraft flight plan with the conditions for the use of airspace, agreed by the center of the Unified System;

ensure that the flight is carried out in accordance with the conditions for the use of airspace issued by the main or zonal center of the Unified System (place, time and altitude).

50.5. Permission to use the airspace for the flight of an aircraft along the air traffic service route is transferred by the main or zonal center of the Unified System to the air traffic services bodies that will be involved in its aerodrome control service, approach control service, area control service at the aerodromes of departure, landing, alternate aerodromes and on the flight route.

50.6. Permission to use the airspace is transmitted by the main or zonal center of the Unified System to the air traffic services (flight control) of the aerodrome in the form of a formalized message via the aviation ground network of data and telegraph messages in accordance with the report sheet on the movement of aircraft in the Russian Federation, approved in the prescribed manner.

At aerodromes where the aviation ground network for data transmission and telegraph messages does not operate, permission to use the airspace is communicated to the air traffic services (flight control) of the aerodrome by the regional center of the Unified System, in whose area of ​​​​responsibility the aerodrome is located, using the public telephone network .

The rules specified in this paragraph shall be applied to ensure the flight of a state aviation aircraft along air traffic service routes, taking into account the fact that the interaction of the flight control bodies of state aviation aerodromes on the issues of coordinating the acceptance and release of aircraft in flight is carried out in the manner established for state aviation .

51. Tactical planning for aircraft flights outside the air traffic service routes and the implementation of activities for the use of airspace, not related to aircraft flights, includes:

clarification, addition and adjustment of the current daily plan for the use of airspace to ensure planned activities and activities, reports of which are received on the current day;

issuance of permits for the use of airspace;

monitoring the implementation of plans for the use of airspace;

receiving notifications about the performance of flights and bringing them to the air traffic services units providing flight information services and emergency alerts in class G airspace.

51.1. The main center of the Unified System supplements its daily plan upon receipt of:

not less than six hours before departure - notification of the submitted flight plan of the aircraft outside the air traffic services routes, if the specified flight is carried out according to the instrument flight rules (with the exception of flights outside the air traffic services routes and off-aerodrome flights of combat, combat training aircraft state aviation and experimental aircraft manufactured for state aviation) in the airspace of three or more zones of the Unified System;

at least three hours before departure - notification of the submitted flight plan of the aircraft for flight outside the air traffic services routes according to the rules of visual flights in the airspace of three or more zones of the Unified System.

51.2. The zone center of the Unified System supplements its daily plan upon receipt of:

not less than three hours before departure - notification of the submitted flight plan of the aircraft for the flight outside the air traffic services routes according to the instrument flight rules (with the exception of flights outside the air traffic services routes and off-airfield flights of combat, combat training aircraft of state aviation and experimental aircraft manufactured for state aviation) in the airspace of two or one zone of the Unified System;

at least one hour before departure - notification of the submitted flight plan of the aircraft for the flight outside the air traffic services routes according to the rules of visual flights in the airspace of two or one zone of the Unified System.

51.3. The regional center of the Unified System supplements its daily plan for the use of airspace upon receipt of:

not less than three hours before departure - notification of the submitted flight plan of the aircraft for, flight outside the air traffic services routes according to the instrument flight rules (with the exception of flights outside the air traffic services routes and off-aerodrome flights of combat, combat training aircraft of the state aviation and experimental aircraft manufactured for state aviation) in the airspace of an area of ​​the Unified System or two adjacent areas of the Unified System of one zone of the Unified System;

at least one hour before departure - notification of the submitted flight plan of the aircraft for flight outside the air traffic services routes according to the rules of visual flights in the airspace of the area of ​​the Unified System or two adjacent areas of the Unified System of one zone of the Unified System;

not less than an hour before they start - reports on the submitted plan for the performance of aerodrome flights within the declared regulations for the operation of the aerodrome (landing site);

at least three hours before the start of flights - an unmanned aerial vehicle flight plan for the purposes of defense, state and public security, as well as conducting search and rescue activities and providing assistance in natural disasters and emergencies.

The presented aircraft flight plans specified in this paragraph are received by the regional center of the Unified System from the zonal center of the Unified System.

51.4. The permission to use the airspace for the flight of an aircraft outside the air traffic services routes is transferred to the air traffic services (flight control) units that will be involved in its aerodrome control service, approach control service, area control service at the aerodromes of departure, landing, alternate aerodromes and on the flight path.

51.5. Permission to use the airspace is transmitted by the main (zonal, regional) center of the Unified System to the air traffic services (flight control) of the aerodrome in the form of a message via the aviation ground data network and telegraph messages in accordance with the report sheet on the movement of aircraft in the Russian Federation, approved in the prescribed manner .

At aerodromes or landing sites where the aviation ground network for data transmission and telegraph messages does not function, permission to use the airspace to the air traffic services (flight control) authority of the aerodrome or landing site is carried out by the regional center of the Unified System, in whose area of ​​​​responsibility the aerodrome is located, with using the public telephone network.

In cases where the departure of an aircraft is organized from an aerodrome or a landing site where aerodrome control service is not provided, the regional center of the Unified System issues permission and conditions for the use of airspace to the aircraft commander at his request before departure.

52. The air traffic services of the aerodrome report to the center of the Unified System no later than:

five minutes after the scheduled start of the activity: about the actual start time of the activity; delay, postponement or cancellation of activities;

ten minutes after the end of the activity: about the end of the activity; about breaks in airfield flights for more than an hour;

immediately after the expiration of the estimated landing time of the aircraft or if it does not arrive at the destination aerodrome, if there is no information on the location of this aircraft.

52.1. Airspace users begin their activities within 30 minutes from the scheduled start time or from the time indicated by the center of the Unified System.

If during this time the activity has not been started, the airspace user needs to inform the operational body of the Unified System and receive adjusted conditions for the use of airspace or cancel the previously submitted plan for the use of airspace.

52.2. The air traffic service authority of the aerodrome of state or experimental aviation, which provides for an intermediate landing of the aircraft, not later than 20 minutes from the receipt of the request for acceptance, informs the regional center of the Unified System of the decision of the senior aviation chief of the aerodrome to receive the aircraft.

53. Tactical planning of activities for the use of airspace, not related to the flights of aircraft, is carried out in accordance with the information of the daily plan.

53.1. The balloon launch site requests permission to use the airspace in the regional center of the Unified System no more than four hours and no less than two hours before the scheduled launch time.

If within the specified period a request for the use of airspace or a notification of the transfer of the launch time to the regional center of the Unified System is not received, the launch of the balloon is prohibited.

53.2. The regional center of the Unified System gives permission to use the airspace to the launch point at least one hour before the scheduled time of a single balloon launch.

53.3. In case of a balloon launch delay of more than 5 minutes, the launch can be carried out only after obtaining additional permission from the regional center of the Unified System.

53.4. After the launch of the balloon, the launch point reports to the regional center of the Unified System the actual launch time and, additionally, upon request, the flight altitude of the balloon, its azimuth and distance from the launch point and the estimated displacement of the balloon.

53.5. Firing, rocket launches, bombing, blasting, other activities during which electromagnetic and other emissions occur, as well as other similar activities to ensure the safe use of airspace are carried out in accordance with the current daily plan for the use of airspace in restricted areas.

The regional center of the Unified System issues a permit for the use of airspace in the implementation of this activity at least one hour before the scheduled time for the start of firing, launches, explosions.

53.6. Based on the forecast and actual development of hail processes, a plan for firing, rocket launches and blasting for anti-hail firing is submitted to the regional center of the Unified System no later than two hours before the expected start time for anti-hail firing.

53.7. After receiving a plan for conducting firing, missile launches and blasting, the regional center of the Unified System develops (specifies previously developed) short-term restrictions and brings them to the authorities concerned at least one hour before the start of anti-hail firing.

53.8. When canceling or postponing the start (end) time of anti-hail firing, the firing leader immediately informs the regional center of the Unified System about this and reports the new start and end time.

53.9. If there is an urgent need for anti-hail firing, the head of firing shall request permission to conduct firing without submitting a plan for conducting firing, rocket launches and blasting.

In this case, the regional center of the Unified System, taking into account the air situation, immediately introduces short-term restrictions and, after the withdrawal of all aircraft from the anti-hail firing area, gives permission for anti-hail firing.

53.10. Anti-hail firing is prohibited in the following cases:

flights of aircraft and other activities carried out in order to fulfill combat and operational tasks to protect the interests of the state;

flights of aircraft and other activities carried out for the purpose of search and evacuation of spacecraft crews, search and rescue operations, as well as in the provision of assistance in case of natural disasters, catastrophes, accidents and in other cases that threaten the life and health of people.

53.11. When making a decision on the production of flights of balloons, the organization conducting the flights requests permission from the regional center of the Unified System to use the airspace no more than four hours and no less than two hours before the launch of the balloon along the forecast routes specified by the meteorological services.

53.12. The regional center of the Unified System issues permission to use the airspace for the flight of a balloon at least one hour before the start of the scheduled or adjusted start time of the flight.

53.13. Under adverse weather conditions, the organization that launches the balloon is obliged to inform the regional center of the Unified System about the postponement of the launch (rise) of the balloon no later than 30 minutes before the scheduled launch (rise) time.

V. Interaction in planning and coordinating the use of airspace

54. Interaction between the main center, zonal centers and district centers of the Unified System is carried out in accordance with the technologies of work of officials on their duty shifts.

55. The interaction of the main, zonal and regional centers of the Unified System with the air traffic services (flight control) units providing aerodrome dispatch services is provided by specialized structural units in their composition - air traffic planning support groups that solve the following tasks:

sending to the operational bodies of the Unified System of Reporting Aircraft Flight Plans, as well as other information on the movement of aircraft in the aerodrome area in accordance with the report sheet on the movement of aircraft in the Russian Federation, approved in the prescribed manner;

formation of a daily air traffic plan in the aerodrome area, its approval and coordination with the centers of the Unified System, including on the organization of air traffic flows;

providing the air traffic services body (flight control) with information on permits for the use of airspace, on prohibitions and restrictions on the use of the airspace of the aerodrome area and adjacent zones and air traffic service areas;

coordination of air traffic issues with airfield support services and pre-flight information services for aircraft crews (briefing).

56. The interaction of the main, zonal and regional centers of the Unified System with the aviation search and rescue authorities is carried out for the purpose of emergency notification.

Planning and coordination of the use of airspace in relation to aircraft flights for search and rescue is carried out in accordance with state priorities.

The exchange of operational information about emergencies with aircraft in flight and other emergencies in the airspace is carried out in accordance with the report sheet on the movement of aircraft in the Russian Federation.

57. The interaction of the main, zonal and regional centers of the Unified System with the air defense authorities is carried out in order to control compliance with the requirements of the Federal Rules in accordance with Section VII of the Federal Rules.

The main, zonal and regional centers of the Unified System inform the air defense authorities about plans (schedules, schedules) for the use of airspace, as well as about the movement of aircraft using the means of information and technical interaction of the Federal System for Intelligence and Airspace Control of the Russian Federation.

Order of the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation of January 16, 2012 No. 6 “On Approval of the Federal Aviation Rules “Organization of Planning for the Use of the Airspace of the Russian Federation”

Registration number 23577

Document overview

The federal aviation rules for organizing planning for the use of Russian airspace have been approved. They are mandatory for execution by air traffic services (flight control) and airspace users.

Centers of the Unified Air Traffic Management System receive and process information on plans for the use of airspace (including information on the issues of permitting and notification procedure for use) and the progress of their implementation. They carry out strategic, pre-tactical and tactical (current) planning, as well as coordinate the use of airspace. In this case, data on airspace use schedules, established prohibitions and restrictions, issued permits for international flights, and aircraft traffic are used.

Air traffic services (flight control) and airspace users are required to provide the centers of the Unified System with information on activities related to the use of airspace in a timely manner and in full.

For strategic planning of scheduled international and domestic flights, operators send a message to the main center of the Unified System about a repeated or submitted aircraft flight plan. When organizing flights and off-aerodrome flights of combat and combat training aircraft of state aviation and experimental aircraft with the main or zonal center of the Unified System, the route of the flight (off-aerodrome flight) and the procedure for servicing air traffic are preliminarily agreed upon.

For each coming day, a forecast of airspace demand is formed. It correlates with the declared capacity of air traffic services (flight control).

To ensure flight safety when the air, meteorological or air navigation situation changes, the centers of the Unified System have the right to redistribute airspace in accordance with state priorities.

In the course of planning, the organization of air traffic flows on the routes of its service and in the areas of civil airfields, including joint airfields, is ensured.

The procedure for the distribution and redistribution of airspace is regulated.

The Russian Federation has full and exclusive sovereignty over the airspace of the Russian Federation. The airspace of the Russian Federation means the airspace over the territory of the Russian Federation, including the airspace over internal waters and the territorial sea.

The use of airspace is an activity during which various material objects (aircraft, missiles and other objects) are moved in the airspace, as well as other activities (construction of high-rise structures, activities during which electromagnetic and other radiation occurs, emission into the atmosphere of substances that impair visibility, blasting, etc.), which may pose a threat to air traffic safety.

Airspace users are citizens and legal entities, endowed in accordance with the established procedure with the right to carry out activities for the use of airspace.
^

1.1. State priorities in the use of airspace

If there is a need to use airspace simultaneously by two or more users, the right to use it is granted to users in accordance with state priorities in the following sequence:

1. 
   repelling an air attack, preventing and stopping violations of the state border of the Russian Federation or an armed intrusion into the territory of the Russian Federation;
2. 
   assistance in natural and man-made emergency situations;
3. 
   launch, landing, search and evacuation of space vehicles and their crews;
4. 
   prevention and termination of violations of the procedure for the use of airspace;
5. 
   the performance of aircraft flights, including in the interests of the defense capability and security of the state, or other activities for the use of airspace, carried out in accordance with the decisions of the Government of the Russian Federation;
6. 
   performance of aircraft flights or other activities for the use of airspace, carried out in accordance with special agreements;
7. 
   performance of flights of state aviation aircraft during sudden checks of combat readiness, as well as during the relocation of state aviation units and subunits;
8. 
   regular air transportation of passengers and baggage;
9. 
   performance of flights of state aviation aircraft;
10. 
    performance of flights of aircraft of experimental aviation;
11. 
    implementation of regular air transportation of goods and mail;
12. 
    the implementation of irregular air transportation, the performance of aviation work;
13. 
    holding educational, sports, demonstration and other events;
14. 
    performance of aircraft flights or other activities for the use of airspace, carried out in order to meet the needs of citizens.

The organization of the use of airspace provides for the provision of safe, economical and regular air traffic, as well as other activities for the use of airspace.

^ The organization of the use of airspace includes:

• 
  establishing an airspace structure;
• 
  planning and coordinating the use of airspace in accordance with government priorities;
• 
  ensuring the licensing procedure for the use of airspace;
• 
  air traffic management, which is the maintenance (management) of air traffic, the organization of air traffic flows; organization of airspace in order to provide service (management) of air traffic and organization of air traffic flows;
• 
  control over compliance with the Federal rules for the use of airspace.

Thus, there are two types of airspace - permitted for flights of civil aviation, and prohibited (restricted) for flights of civil aviation.

The airspace above the territory of the Russian Federation, as well as outside it, where the responsibility for organizing air traffic is assigned to the Russian Federation, is divided into lower and upper airspace. The boundary of the lower and upper airspace is the 8100 m level, which refers to the upper airspace.

The airspace above the territory of the Russian Federation, as well as outside it, where the responsibility for organizing air traffic is assigned to the Russian Federation, is classified as follows:

• 
  class A - Flights operated only in accordance with IFR are permitted. All aircraft are provided with air traffic control service and are separated. Speed ​​limits do not apply. The presence of constant two-way radio communication with the air traffic controller is mandatory. All flights are carried out in the presence of permission to use the airspace, with the exception of cases provided for by the Federal Rules;
• 
  class C- Flights performed under instrument flight rules and visual flight rules are permitted.

• 
  class G- Flights performed according to the rules of flight to instruments and the rules of visual flights are allowed. Separation of aircraft is not performed. All flights on request are provided with flight information services. For all flights at altitudes below 3000 m, a speed limit of no more than 450 km / h is in force. Aircraft flying under instrument flight rules are required to have constant two-way radio communication with the air traffic controller. When flying aircraft under visual flight rules, the availability permanent two-way radio communication with the air traffic controller is not required. When performing all flights of aircraft, a permit to use the airspace is not required.

For the implementation of ATC functions, the airspace of the Russian Federation is divided into ATC zones and areas.

Basic principles for dividing airspace into ATC zones:

• 
  full and exclusive sovereignty of the airspace;
• 
  safe movement of aircraft;
• 
  optimal air traffic service;
• 
  airspace efficiency.

Air traffic control zone - the airspace within the boundaries established for the zone center (AZ) of the EU ATM. Depending on local conditions, the planning and coordination of air traffic in a designated part of an ATC area may be entrusted to an Auxiliary Area Center (AAC).

Air traffic control area - airspace within the established boundaries, in which the direct control of air traffic along the airways and MBJI, as well as along the established routes, is carried out by the regional center (RC) of the EU ATM. The EU ATC regional center is operationally subordinate to the traffic services of the airports included in this ATC region.

The composition of ATC areas located in the immediate vicinity of the state sea border of the Russian Federation may include, in accordance with the established procedure, the airspace over the sea area adjacent to the border.

ATC areas include areas of auxiliary regional centers (ARC), areas of local control towers (LDP), as well as areas of aerodromes and air hubs.

TIR areas are organized to control air traffic and provide flights to the Ministry of Internal Affairs and permanent routes of flights of civil aviation below the lower echelon.

In some cases, the range of flight altitudes according to MBJI in the TIR area can be increased in the prescribed manner.

Closely located airfields for the purpose of coordinating flights to them are combined into air hubs.

Air entry and exit corridors, take-off and landing areas, waiting areas and other areas are established in the areas of aerodromes (air hubs). Air corridors must be marked with OPRS.

The take-off and landing zones for each aerodrome are established taking into account the flight performance data of aircraft operating at this aerodrome, and in terms of their size should provide the possibility of radar control, safe performance of the established maneuver for climb after take-off and for descent during landing approach.

The upper limit of the takeoff and landing area is usually set at the second echelon of the holding area.

The airspace of ATC areas and areas of aerodromes (air hubs) can be divided into sectors (directions) both in plan and in height.

The size and boundaries of zones, ATC areas, MDGT areas, aerodrome areas (air hubs) of ATC sectors (directions) of control towers, the location and number of air corridors, waiting areas, aircraft traffic patterns in aerodrome areas are established taking into account the requirements for reliability and continuity of communication with air aircraft and radio technical control of air traffic, flight data of operated aircraft, as well as ensuring the safety and efficiency of flights.

Consider the division of airspace in height and in plan (Fig. 1). The aerodrome is surrounded by a take-off and landing zone (TAZ); It is limited in height by the second echelon of the waiting area, and in distance - by a radius of 30-40 km. Above and beyond is the airfield area. In height, it is limited by the height separating the lower and upper airspace (usually 6000 m). and in distance - with a radius of 50-100 km.

Rice. 1. The division of airspace in height and inplan

The ATC area extends even further and higher, in which control centers of regional centers (RCs) are organized. As a rule, they are limited in height by the height of flights of civil aircraft, and in distance - by the border of the neighboring regional center.

The most important element of the airspace structure is the airway. Consider the view of the airways in space; On fig. 2 shows an example of two airways. In fact, an airway is a multi-level airway for aircraft, where there are certain traffic rules, intersections (road crossings) and turning points. The movement of aircraft at the same altitude is carried out in only one direction. Oncoming aircraft follow at altitudes separated by certain vertical intervals.

BATEL

Ris. 2. An example of the intersection of sections of two airways

All significant points of the route (points where the route crosses the borders of regional centers, points where the routes intersect with each other, turning points) have their own designation. These points may be marked or unmarked. If the point is marked with a drive (a radio station transmitting its two-letter call sign on a known radio frequency), then it is indicated by its call sign (for example, WU, MS, etc.) or the name of the locality where the drive is installed (for example, Sosnovka, Nikolskoye, etc.). ).

If a drive is not installed at a given point on the route, then such a point is called unmarked, it has only known geographical coordinates and a 5-letter name (BATEL, LINRI and etc.). Let's consider the same two sections of the airways in the plan, i.e., as the controller sees them on the radar screen (Fig. 3).

LINRI

B ATEL

Rice. 3. An example of the intersection of sections of two air routes. Plan view.

Aircraft marks and escort forms may look like this (Fig. 4)

Rice. 4. View of the mark from the aircraft and the escort form.

1. 
   - mark from the aircraft;
2. 
   - prehistory points (where there was a mark for the last revolution of the radar antenna);

1. 
   - escort form, where "85644" - aircraft tail number, "1160" - aircraft altitude in tens of meters - 11600 m, "A229D124" - aircraft polar coordinates - azimuth 292 degrees, distance 124 km.

Department of technical operation

1. ORGANIZATION OF THE USE OF AIR

SPACES

1.1. Airspace structure

The organization of the EP is the establishment of the optimal structure of the EP in order to ensure its effective use. Recall that the term "optimal structure" refers to the establishment of the structure in accordance with the selected criteria in the presence of certain restrictions.

The construction of the airspace structure is based on the criteria of cost-effectiveness and regularity of air traffic with the obligatory provision of a given level of flight safety (FL). That is, in this case, the optimality criteria are the efficiency and regularity of aircraft flights, and the restrictions include the requirements for ensuring BP. However, at present, the airspace structure of the Russian Federation does not meet modern requirements, and therefore the Concept and the Program formulate requirements for changing the airspace structure in the Russian Federation. As the main criterion, the requirements for BP should be laid down with restrictions related to the economy and regularity of aircraft flights.

♦ method of air traffic maintenance (air traffic control, flight information, advisory, emergency). Note that air traffic control service is used in the Russian Federation;

♦ flight rules;

♦ performance characteristics of operated aircraft;

♦ intensity of flights and type of air traffic (regular or non-scheduled);

♦ tactical and technical characteristics of radio technical means of flight support and air traffic control;

♦ reduction to a minimum of the number of transfers of aircraft control by ATC services;

♦ capabilities of air traffic controllers as a link in the ATC system for air traffic maintenance;

♦ physical-geographical and meteorological features of the area, administrative and political boundaries, including the borders of states.

Let us note that as the ICAO CNS / ATM concept is implemented in the Russian Federation, the latter factor will gradually lose its significance due to the widespread introduction of satellite navigation and ATC systems.

Actually, the airspace structure is a set of airspace elements limited in the vertical and horizontal planes, intended for the organization and use of airspace (AIS).

In general, the structure of the VP includes the following elements:

♦ EU ATM zones and areas;

♦ VP of the border strip;

♦ areas of airfields and air hubs;

♦ air routes and local air lines (IL);

♦ aircraft flight routes;

♦ straightened airways;

♦ air corridors over the border of the Russian Federation;

♦ entrance (exit) corridors to air routes;

♦ special aircraft flight zones;

♦ restricted areas;

♦ flight restriction zones;

♦ dangerous zones;

♦ polygon areas;

♦ blasting areas;

♦ anti-hail firing areas;

♦ aviation work areas;

♦ special areas;

♦ other special elements of the EaP, established for the implementation of activities in the EaP.

Among the above list of airspace elements defined by the federal aviation regulations (FAR), we single out the most essential for the activities of civil aviation (GA).

These include:

♦ airway – an airspace established above the earth's surface in the form of a corridor 10 or 20 km wide, along which regular flights are carried out. This airspace is provided with airports and ground facilities;

♦ route outside the airways - an air corridor for performing air flights;

♦ aerodrome area - airspace above the aerodrome and the area adjacent to it;

♦ special flight zone - the airspace necessary for solving specific tasks by aviation of each department, for example, a test flight zone;

♦ exclusion zone – an airspace where flights of aviation of all departments are prohibited.

These elements of the airspace structure are included as components in the ATC areas. ATC zones, as a rule, are of considerable size, uniting several areas. ATC areas have different configurations, determined primarily by the direction of the main aircraft flows and the location of airports with intensive air traffic.

The boundaries of the airspace structure elements are set according to geographical coordinates and heights. They are specified in the relevant instructions and published in Aeronautical Information Documents.

The airspace is divided into lower and upper with a border between them - a height of 6100m (it is referred to as the upper airspace).

According to the altitude of flight performance in the airspace, the following are distinguished:

♦ extremely low altitudes - from 0 to 200 m inclusive above the terrain or above the water surface;

♦ low altitudes - over 200 m up to 1000 m inclusive;

♦ average heights – over 1000 to 4000 m inclusive;

♦ high altitudes - over 4000 m up to 12000 m inclusive;

♦ stratosphere - over 12000 m and up to and including the stratopause.

During flight, the aircraft must comply with the separation standards, which will be discussed below in the relevant section.

In the upper airspace, flights are carried out only according to instrument flight rules (IFR), and in the lower airspace - according to IFR and visual flight rules (VFR). The PPP and PVP themselves will be discussed in more detail below. A part of the lower airspace below the altitude of the second safe echelon (in flat terrain 1200 m) is allocated for aircraft flights on international lines. The concept of echelon will be discussed in detail below.

In addition to the MVL flight area, the ATC area includes air routes, off-piste routes, airfield areas, and special flight zones. Airways and off-piste routes pass in the upper and lower runways. The airfield areas of the zone of special aircraft flights are, as a rule, in the lower runway. At the same time, the upper boundary of the areas of airfields is for the most part m, and the radius is 50-100 km. These sizes of aerodrome areas are determined primarily by the flight performance data of the operated aircraft, directions of approach of air routes to the aerodrome, pre-landing maneuvers, performance characteristics of radio technical flight support (RTOP) and communications (C) (i.e. RTOP and C) , the number and direction of runways (runways), as well as the specific features of the area associated with the basing of aviation of various departments, its physical-geographical, meteorological and other features.

When several airfields are located close together, the airspace above them is combined into an air hub area. Air corridors, take-off, landing and waiting areas are organized in the area of ​​​​the aerodrome (air hub).

An air corridor is a part of the airspace in which the aircraft descend and gain altitude.

Take-off and landing area - airspace from the level of the aerodrome to the height of the second safe flight level, inclusive. The dimensions of this zone are determined by the performance characteristics of the aircraft operated at the given aerodrome, the capabilities of the RTOP and C facilities, the landing patterns and the specific features of the aerodrome area. As a rule, the boundaries of the take-off and landing zone are 25-30 km away from the airfield. In this zone, the pre-landing straight line, oriented along the runway axis, is especially distinguished. The dimensions of this straight line are determined by the landing characteristics of aircraft, the characteristics of radio technical and landing aids, the safe flight altitude established for a given aerodrome in the take-off and landing zone, and flight rules (instrument or visual approach).

The landing straight is removed from the end of the runway up to 15-20 km and is limited by a height of 400-600 m from the level of the airfield. If for some reason the crew of the aircraft did not land the aircraft from the first approach, then the aircraft goes to the second circle, i.e. it moves along a special route in the zone of the circle. If the aircraft is not allowed to move along the approach route due to temporary occupancy or unavailability of the runway, then the aircraft is directed to the holding area intended for waiting for the landing approach clearance in the aerodrome area. These zones are located either directly above the airfield, or at a distance of 50-100 km from it.

ATC areas and aerodromes with high air traffic intensity are divided into control sectors, which are also airspace elements.

All the airspace elements listed above must necessarily have a limited volume, i.e., clearly defined spatial boundaries, which means that any airspace element can pass through itself a limited number of aircraft in certain periods of time.

1.2. Rules for the use of airspace

It was noted above that the organization of the EP is the establishment of a rational (optimal) structure of the EP in order to ensure its effective use. The concept of "optimal structure" was discussed above, but here we will dwell on the concept of "effective use" in more detail. In accordance with the definition given in the standards of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), efficiency is the relationship between the result achieved and the resources used. This refers to the efficiency of a device, system, process, etc. In our case, we consider the efficiency of the process of using airspace. Note that the term "resources" can be understood as human resources (i.e., how many personnel this process is provided), temporary resources (i.e., how much time is spent on this or that operation of this process), financial resources (i.e. . how much it costs, from a financial point of view, this or that operation of this process), etc. In the situation of considering the process of using VP, the throughput of the VP element should be taken as the final (achieved) result, subject to the requirements of the BP. Recall that the capacity of an airspace element is the maximum allowable air traffic intensity, which in turn is determined by the number of aircraft passing through certain airspace sections per unit time (for example, the number of aircraft crossing the border of an air traffic control area during an hour). The concept of "maximum allowable" is determined by the requirements of the BP. Here we note that the density of the air traffic is the number of aircraft that are simultaneously in the volume unit (area) of the airspace, i.e., simultaneously under the control of the air traffic controller. An increase in the density of air traffic leads to an increase in the number of dangerous encounters, i.e., to situations when the aircraft approach each other closer than the distance established by the standards.

Thus, the efficient use of airspace should be to ensure the maximum possible throughput of this airspace element under given restrictions on time resources (ATC controller load time), on air traffic density resources in this airspace element (BP requirements), etc. Accordingly, The solution to the problem of an effective IVP should be based on the strict observance of the rules for using the IRP.

The use of airspace itself includes activities in the process of which various material objects (aircraft, missiles, hang gliders, etc.) are moved to airspace, as well as other activities (construction of high-rise structures, blasting, etc.) that can interfere with traffic in the airspace.

To ensure the implementation of all types of TRP activities without a threat to human life and health, material damage to the state, citizens and legal entities, it is necessary to organize TRP, i.e. ensuring safe, economical and regular VD, as well as other TRP activities, including:

♦ establishing the structure of the EP;

♦ planning and coordination of the TRP;

♦ Ensuring the permissive order of the TRP;

♦ organization of VD;

♦ control over compliance with the Federal Rules.

The organization of airspace use is carried out by the EU ATM authorities, as well as airspace user authorities - ATC authorities in the areas and zones of the EU ATM established for them.

When using airspace, the following concepts are used (as indicated above): air routes and local air lines; aircraft routes.

Airway of the Russian Federation - an airspace area established for aircraft flights, limited in height and width, provided with navigation and ATS facilities. The width of the airway is set, as a rule, 10 km (5 km on both sides of its axis). However, in areas not provided with radio equipment, the width of the airway can be increased to 20 km (10 km on both sides of the route axis). The distance between the axes of parallel tracks in the presence of radar control should be at least 30 km, and in the absence - twice as much, i.e. 60 km.

Local air routes are opened for aircraft flights at altitudes below the first safe flight level (900 m) according to the visual flight rules, taking into account the terrain and obstacles on it. The width of the MVL is set to no more than 4 km. Local air lines are developed by the territorial bodies of the Federal Air Navigation Service (FANS - Rosaeronavigatsia). The equipment of MVL with the necessary means of navigation is carried out by the territorial bodies of the Federal Antimonopoly Service.

Aircraft routes are established in the airspace for flights outside the airways and MVL and are laid at a certain distance from them.

The route width is set when the aircraft is flying at low and extremely low altitudes - 20 km, at medium and high altitudes - 40 km, in the stratosphere - 50 km. The same width of 50 km is set when the aircraft is flying over the sea (ocean) in the absence of radar visibility of the coastline.

If the axis of the route is parallel to the axis of the airway, i.e. at the same flight level, the distance between these axes must exceed the width of the route, so, if there is radar control for the heights indicated above, this distance must be at least 35, 45, and 50 km, respectively. That is, for medium and high altitudes, for example, the distance between the axes of the airway and the route must be at least 45 km. In the presence of radar control for all altitudes of aircraft flight over the sea, the distance between the indicated axes must be at least 50 km.

Without radar control, the corresponding limits increase to 65.75 and 80 km, the latter value being set also for all high-altitude flights over the sea surface.

Note that when using the VP, three types of regime (order) of the TRP are established: temporary, local and special.

The temporary flight regime is a temporary procedure for using individual elements of the airspace structure, established for a period of up to 3 days for carrying out activities that require a special organization of the airspace.

The local flight mode is a temporary procedure for using individual elements of the airspace structure, including the airspace allocated for airways and MVL in the lower airspace of the EU ATM zone (area), established for up to 3 days to carry out activities requiring special organization of the airspace .

A special flight regime is a special procedure for the use of individual parts of the airspace, established in accordance with the directives of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation.

EU ATM centers have the right to introduce additional short-term restrictions at the intersection of aviation flight routes of various departments.

1.3. Airspace efficiency

As shown above, the efficiency of the IVP is determined, first of all, by the throughput of a given element of the VP, which is equal to the maximum allowable intensity of the VD.

Let's consider on what factors depends and what determines the throughput of the VP element.

Let's select some limited amount of space inside the VI element https://pandia.ru/text/78/261/images/image003_16.png" width="23 height=30" height="30"> with ground speed https://pandia .ru/text/78/261/images/image005_9.png" width="22" height="23"> is given by the ratio

https://pandia.ru/text/78/261/images/image007_10.png" width="97" height="28"> expression (1) is valid both for and for https://pandia.ru /text/78/261/images/image008_8.png" width="96" height="30"> and https://pandia.ru/text/78/261/images/image003_16.png" width="23" height="30"> as a result of the imbalance between the incoming and outgoing VS flows of the volume of space https://pandia.ru/text/78/261/images/image011_2.png" width="25" height="25"> the incoming VS flow is , and the outgoing - https://pandia.ru/text/78/261/images/image014_2.png" width="279" height="72 src="> (2)

It's obvious that

https://pandia.ru/text/78/261/images/image016_1.png" width="129" height="82 src=">

In this stationary case, there is the intensity of the passing flow of aircraft, and its reciprocal value has the meaning of the time interval between the arrival of successive aircraft, i.e.

https://pandia.ru/text/78/261/images/image020.png" width="13" height="23 src="> - serial number in the aircraft stream.

If https://pandia.ru/text/78/261/images/image017_0.png" width="20" height="25"> has the meaning of frequency.

Consider a section of the route at a given level of fixed length . Taking into account the limited width of the route and the impossibility of "overtaking" when the aircraft is flying at one flight level as a parameter corresponding to the airspace volume https://pandia.ru/text/78/261/images/image022.png" width="20" height= "23 src=">.

Expression (1) corresponds to the average density of the VD in the volume , i.e., the distribution of the VD along the length

https://pandia.ru/text/78/261/images/image022.png" width="20" height="23"> - differential density

https://pandia.ru/text/78/261/images/image026_1.png" width="160" height="72 src="> (4)

Taking into account expression (2) and taking into account that we get

https://pandia.ru/text/78/261/images/image029.png" width="96" height="25 src="> we can write

https://pandia.ru/text/78/261/images/image031_1.png" width="23" height="25 src=">.png" width="22" height="32">.png" width="22" height="32">.png" width="345" height="70 src=">

The state regulation of the IVP is assigned to the federal air navigation service, which is a specially authorized Federal executive body that performs the functions of pursuing state policy, legal regulation, control and supervision, as well as providing public services and managing state property in the field of the IVP of the Russian Federation, air navigation maintenance of users of the RF airspace and aerospace search and rescue.

The legal foundations of the TRP are established by the Air Code of the Russian Federation, and the management of the FANS is carried out by the Government of the Russian Federation.

In addition to the functions listed above, the FANS is also responsible for licensing and certification in the established field of activity (including certification of the types of systems and means of RTOP and ATC, as well as their production), setting the rates of charges for air navigation services and the procedure for their collection, disposal of funds from these charges , issuance of permits for transit flights of foreign aircraft through the airspace of the Russian Federation and for their crossing the State Border of the Russian Federation.

In addition to the general list of the functions listed above, the FANS exercises the following powers in the established field of activity:

♦ submits to the Government of the Russian Federation draft federal laws, regulatory legal acts of the President of the Russian Federation and the Government of the Russian Federation and other documents requiring a decision of the Government of the Russian Federation;

♦ independently adopts normative legal acts in the established field of activity: Federal Aviation Rules;

♦ issues permits, in cases established by the legislation of the Russian Federation, for international flights from airports, from airfields of the Russian Federation not opened by the Government of the Russian Federation for international flights, and also issues certificates, including certificates (certificates) of aviation personnel;

♦ carries out mandatory certification of: educational institutions that train specialists of the appropriate level, according to the Lists of positions of aviation personnel; EU ATM facilities; legal entities providing and providing air navigation services to users of the airspace of the Russian Federation;