Political map of Great Britain in Russian. Kingdom of Great Britain on the world map. Geographical location of Great Britain

England is very often used in other meanings: Great Britain, Britain, United Kingdom. England on the world map is the largest historical and administrative part of the United Kingdom and Northern Ireland. The capital of England - London. This city is the largest city in Great Britain and the European Union. England occupies the south-eastern part of Great Britain.

The flight time to London, the capital of Great Britain, is short and families with small children will not need to make a transfer to give the child a break from the flight.

From North the country borders Scotland, and from the west with Wales. England is separated from France by two straits: the English Channel and the Pas de Calais, under which runs the large Eurotunnel, which connects Europe and the UK by rail. The coast of England is washed by the waters of two seas: the Northern and Irish, and the waters of the Atlantic Ocean. A detailed map of England with cities in Russian is presented on our website.

The southern half of England lies on plains that are separated by hills and highlands. In the north, the country becomes mountainous and here are the Pennine Mountains, which stretch for 350 kilometers. Mountains separate the north-west of the country from Yorkshire and the north-east. The Pennines are also often referred to as the "backbone of England". The highest point in England is Scafell Pike, which is about 978 meters high. The eastern part of England is occupied by marshy lowlands that have been drained for agricultural work.

You will learn from this article how England differs from Great Britain, the lords' fees from the House of Commons, and Prince Harry from Princess Beatrice.

Most of us use the words “England” and “Great Britain” as identical concepts, without going particularly into the legal meaning of these concepts. Meanwhile, as they say in Odessa, these are “two big differences,” two completely different territories.

England- a territory on the island of Great Britain, its largest administrative unit. The name “England” goes back to the name of one of the Germanic tribes (the Angles) that once inhabited this historical region.

Scottish man in traditional costume

During the era of medieval fragmentation of Europe, England was an independent kingdom, whose possessions either increased or decreased depending on the military successes of local rulers.

Great Britain- this is the name of the largest island of the British archipelago, on which, in addition to England, there are two more independent territories that were previously independent states: Wales and Scotland.

Country England or Great Britain?

The country that we call either England or Great Britain is officially called “The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland”. Therefore, strictly speaking, both names are wrong.

The United Kingdom's possessions include the island of Great Britain, the north of the island of Ireland, and many smaller islands and archipelagos around the world, such as Gibraltar, Bermuda, the Falkland Islands and the Cayman Islands.

In Russia, this cumbersome name is often shortened to “Great Britain”. In Europe, the abbreviation UK (from “united kingdom”) is almost always used for abbreviation.

United Kingdom of Great Britain: general information

What part of the continent is Great Britain located on?

Great Britain, not counting small islands, is located in the British Archipelago, in the North-Western part of Europe. This region is often called Foggy Albion due to the abundance of rain, dampness and endless fog that cyclones bring from the Atlantic.

The warm waters of the Gulf Stream slightly soften the climate: there are no very cold winters here (with the exception of the mountainous areas of Scotland and Wales), and in summer the average temperature is around 20 Celsius.

Capital of England and Great Britain

London is the capital of Great Britain and is also the capital of the administrative region of England. This is the largest city in the kingdom, its cultural and economic center. London is also one of the global financial centers of the world.

Economic institutions of global scale are concentrated here; the main financial flows of the largest transnational corporations and currency centers of smaller states pass through London.

London was founded by the Romans as the capital of the Roman province of Britannia, located in the British Isles. The first mention of London is found in 117 by the Roman historian Tacitus - at that time the city had existed for more than 50 years.

London has occupied its leading position among other capitals since the Middle Ages. In terms of influence on world politics, few cities in the Old World can compete with the center of the British Empire.

In the 20th century, London also gained fame as one of the world's main centers of fashion and youth subculture. It is to London that we owe the appearance of “dandy” and “casual” styles, rock musicians and the Beatles group.

Great Britain on the world map

Today, Great Britain ranks modestly 78th in the world in terms of territory size. It accounts for only 2% of the earth's surface. We can say that Great Britain is just a small spot on the world map. But it was not always so.

At its height, the British Empire literally controlled a quarter of the world. At the beginning of the 20th century, Great Britain was the largest state that has ever existed on the planet (its record has not yet been broken).

In addition to the crown territories in the British Isles, Great Britain owned: Canada, Australia, half of the African continent, India, Oman, Iraq, Honduras, Bermuda and the Bahamas, Malaysia, Burma, New Zealand, New Guinea, Cyprus and other smaller territories. The USA was also territory of the British Crown until its War of Independence in 1776.

Contemporaries said that the sun never sets on the British Empire. In fairness, it should be noted that the colonial policy of Great Britain did not promise anything good for the conquered territories. In the history of the British Empire there were many bloody wars and the most severe punitive operations in the territories under its control.

Map of Great Britain in Russian

You can see detailed maps of Great Britain, including a map of attractions, roads and railways, administrative divisions and many others. All maps are available for download.

Political structure of Great Britain

Who is the head of state in Great Britain?

The UK has a rather complex and confusing system of government. In addition to the monarch, there are such bodies governing the country as the House of Lords, the House of Commons, the Cabinet of Ministers and the Prime Minister.

UK House of Commons

The main task of the House of Commons is to represent the interests of all classes of the population when passing laws in the state. Members of the House of Commons are elected by voting in the administrative districts of Great Britain for a term of 5 years. This is the lowest level of the UK legislature.

UK House of Lords

The House of Lords represents the interests of the highest aristocracy and clergy in Great Britain. Until the beginning of the 20th century, the House of Lords had the right to reject any bill proposed by the House of Commons if it considered that this law infringed on the interests of the nobility.

Currently, the Lords can only delay such laws by between one month and a year. The duties of members of the House of Lords also include the consideration of judicial appeals.

A seat in the House of Lords is hereditary (except for representatives of the church, where members of the House of Lords are appointed by the Council of Bishops), and it is one of the most archaic bodies of government in Europe. Members of the House of Lords, unlike the House of Commons, do not receive a permanent salary for attending meetings and are not required to attend every meeting.

UK Parliament

The Commons and the House of Lords are collectively called the Parliament of Great Britain. If necessary, the monarch can dissolve parliament and announce early elections, or, conversely, extend its powers.

Cabinet of Ministers

The Cabinet of Ministers is the highest governing body of the country. Cabinet members head various government structures (departments or ministries). Ministers are appointed from among the representatives of Parliament, their responsibilities include the leadership of ministries, as well as consultations with the monarch on important decisions. The UK Cabinet reports to Parliament.

Prime Minister of Great Britain

The Prime Minister of Great Britain is the main official in the country after the monarch. He heads the government and can act on behalf of the monarch in certain matters. The candidacy for the post of prime minister is approved by the king or queen from among the most influential members of Parliament.

Kings and Queens of Great Britain

Great Britain is one of the oldest monarchies in the world. The highest head in the country is the monarch (king or queen), the throne is passed on by majority inheritance (that is, the eldest in the family).

Despite the fact that outwardly members of the British royal house perform purely representative and ceremonial functions, the monarch in Great Britain has very real power.

The King or Queen of Great Britain can dissolve the government, grant the title of Lord to non-noble citizens to enter the House of Lords, approve bills, appoint ministers and pardon criminals.

UK Conservative Party

The Conservative Party of Great Britain (Tory Party) is the oldest political party in Europe, which dates back to the 17th century. The party traditionally represents the interests of the nobility, clergy and bourgeoisie.

Historically, it is the most powerful political force in the kingdom, consistently holding the majority of seats in Parliament. The most prominent prime ministers in recent British history belonged to the Conservatives: Neville Chamberlain, Winston Churchill, Margaret Thatcher and David Cameron.

The current British Prime Minister Theresa May is also a member of the Conservative Party.

Queen Elizabeth II of Great Britain is one of the oldest reigning monarchs in the world. She took the throne from her father George VI in 1952 and has been in power for more than 60 years (Elizabeth II turned 90 in 2016). According to most Britons, Elizabeth is an example of an impeccable ruler who has not tarnished her royal title in any way.

Despite belonging to the weaker sex, Elizabeth II is famous for her iron character, and will give odds to many men. Some interesting facts from her biography:

At the age of 18, Elizabeth persuaded her father to let her join the active army and in 1944 she took a driver-mechanics course, after which she entered military service in the women's self-defense unit and served for about six months until the end of World War II. She is the only lady in the royal family who took part in military operations.

Elizabeth fell in love with her future husband, Prince Philip, as a child. Philip is the heir to the impoverished Greek monarchy, whose representatives were forced to flee their own country after being exiled. Philip's candidacy did not suit Elizabeth's parents and the ruling elite of Great Britain at all, but the princess managed to obtain consent to the marriage. Moreover, she herself offered him her hand and heart, without waiting for reciprocal signs of attention.

Elizabeth bought the fabric for her wedding dress using discount coupon cards. In 1947, the British economy had not yet recovered from the war, and Elizabeth considered it indecent to spend the kingdom’s treasury on lavish celebrations.

Even at 90 years old, Elizabeth still personally conducts all the most important meetings in the state and, as the Supreme Commander-in-Chief, inspects all military installations of the kingdom. She does not trust the heir apparent, Prince Charles, with any of these issues.

The queen's steely character does not prevent her from having small human weaknesses.

Elizabeth II is considered a trendsetter and a big fan of hats. She wears bright colors regardless of her age, but never goes beyond the boundaries of strict classics.

According to protocol, the Queen cannot appear at official events in the same outfit twice. Each of her clothes is entered into a huge catalog, has its own serial number and is accompanied by a record of where, when and under what circumstances she wore it - this allows her to avoid repetition and embarrassment.

The Queen is obliged to be the standard of politeness, but the number of meetings and audiences is so great that it takes too much energy. Elizabeth II has several secret signs by which the courtiers must understand that it is time to end the event. For example, if Elizabeth is spinning a ring on her finger, the conversation must be ended within the next 5 minutes.

In her busy schedule, Elizabeth II makes sure to set aside time to watch her favorite series and television shows. It is known that she is a fan of the English version of “X-Factor”, as well as several TV series, including “Game of Thrones”.

Once a year, Elizabeth takes a long vacation and retires to a castle in Scotland, where she spends most of her time reading books and walking. There, Elizabeth takes a warm bath for several hours every day, in which, according to the assurances of the courtiers, she cannot do without a small rubber duck, given to her as a child.

Other representatives of the British royal house

Elizabeth II belongs to the royal branch of the Windsors, of which there are quite a lot of descendants in modern Britain. The British are very sensitive to the institution of the monarchy; among the members of the royal family they have their favorites and scandalous persons, whose name is well known to everyone.

Princess Diana

Diana Spencer (or Lady Di) is consistently ranked in the TOP 10 greatest Britons according to national polls. The first wife of Prince Charles (son of Elizabeth II) won the true, sincere love of her subjects and millions of people around the world.

She is often called the “Queen of Hearts” for her many contributions to charity, as well as her boundless personal charm, modesty and simplicity.

According to rumors, Elizabeth II very much disliked her daughter-in-law for her popularity among the people (at times she overshadowed the queen herself).

In 1997, Lady Di suddenly died in a car accident, which still causes a lot of rumors and suspicions: there is a version that the accident was staged by members of the ruling family. But even after her death, Princess Diana remains the queen of people's hearts.

Prince William and Kate Middleton

Prince William is the grandson of Elizabeth II, the son of Princess Diana and Prince Charles. William inherited many traits from his mother (he is also charming, does a lot of charity work), and in terms of the degree of adoration of his loyal subjects, he has recently rapidly overtaken his grandmother. He serves as a helicopter pilot for the English Medical Service and takes part in rescue operations.

Kate Middleton comes from a simple family. She met her future husband, Prince William, while studying at university. Shy Kate's demeanor very much reminds the British of Diana. They are delighted with her attitude towards children and impeccable manners, but most of all the audience is touched by the romantic story of Kate and William, which is very reminiscent of the fairy tale about Cinderella.

Prince Harry

The youngest son of Diana and Prince Charles evokes mixed feelings among the British. On the one hand, he is not distinguished by impeccable behavior, but on the other hand, he is such a sweetheart that British citizens forgive him everything. In addition, his antics are caused more by curiosity and youthful carelessness than by a spoiled disposition.

The most notorious “exploits” of Prince Harry: boundless amorousness (photos of Harry with cute young ladies regularly appear in the press), hussar antics and cheerful parties. But there are also serious achievements: Prince Harry took part in combat operations in Afghanistan as an ordinary pilot, and put his life in danger along with others without any concessions.

Princess Beatrice and Princess Eugenie

Sisters Beatrice and Eugenie are granddaughters of Queen Elizabeth II, daughters of her second son, Prince Andrew. Unlike William and Harry, girls cannot boast of an ideal reputation in the eyes of others, or at least relative charm.

The eldest Beatrice is often criticized by residents of Great Britain for her too extravagant outfits, which do not always comply with the protocol. She also gets punished for being too curvaceous and having an idle lifestyle (in Great Britain, belonging to the royal house does not at all mean the right to idleness). Otherwise, Beatrice manages to stay within the bounds of decency.

The youngest Evgenia is a real headache for her family. The girl regularly excites the British public with her antics and the next batch of paparazzi photographs: drunken dancing, cigarettes and indecent antics - this is the main thing that Evgenia is famous for.

Video. Interesting facts about Great Britain

Everyone is accustomed to thinking that the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is one country. But this is not an entirely correct statement. The kingdom contains four historical and geographical regions. The UK includes territories such as England, Scotland, Northern Ireland and Wales. Thus, the kingdom occupies most of the area of ​​the British Isles. It is also important that since 1922, Ireland has been a completely autonomous country within the United Kingdom.

One cannot help but recall the Isle of Man and True, these territories are administratively independent parts of the kingdom.

Description

Each territory that is part of Great Britain has its own culture, traditions, and attractions that have accumulated over centuries. The official language is English, but for each administrative and political part there are peculiar exceptions. So, today the population of Welsh villages communicates in the ancient

The heritage of the territories that are part of the kingdom of Great Britain is practically nothing similar to each other. They differ not only in history, population composition and government structure, but also in religion and even climate.

Several main points characterizing Great Britain as a whole:

• The monetary unit is pound sterling.
• Religions are Anglicanism, Catholicism and Presbyterianism.
• Great Britain is famous for its talented actors, musicians, singers, writers, athletes, and scientists.
• The Kingdom is considered one of the most popular shopping destinations. The country is very rich in brand names such as Burberry, which are known all over the world, shops, boutiques and street markets where you can find vintage clothes and choose accessories for them.

England

The largest administrative and political part that is part of Great Britain is England. In turn, it has nine distinct regions, each with its own unique traditions and culture, with exciting bustling cities like London and beautiful, tranquil villages like Cornwall. The official language is English. There are thirty-nine counties, six metropolitan counties and an administrative unit called Greater London.

Millions of tourists from all over the world come to England every year, because it is suitable both for a noisy and fun holiday, and for romantic walks. There are more than 20 attractions that are included in the UNESCO World Heritage List.

Scotland

There are few places on our planet that can compete with Scotland. It is home to major cities such as Glasgow, deep lakes and picturesque mountains. This country is divided into nine regions, which contain approximately eight hundred islands, three hundred of which are unsuitable for human life.

During the celebrations of Burns Night, which falls on January 25, and St. Andrew's Day (November 30), live music can be heard throughout the streets.

Scotland remains part of Great Britain to this day. In 2014, a referendum was held on secession from the state. But 55.3% of the population opposed the declaration of independence.

The official languages ​​are English, Anglo-Scottish and Scottish Gaelic.

Northern Ireland

The smallest autonomous territory that is part of Great Britain is Ireland. It consists of twenty-six districts. Despite its small size, it has a very rich nature. There are high mountains, flat valleys, forests and even an inland sea. In addition, the country is famous for its history, culture, mythology and vibrant musical life. At venues, clubs and concert halls at any time of the year you can enjoy the music of both Irish performers and visitors from all over the world.

Northern Ireland within Great Britain has three official Ulster-Scots languages ​​and, of course, English.

Wales

There is no place on Earth that is even remotely similar to the island nation of Great Britain. The composition of the countries includes a rather unusual administrative and political part - Wales. The peculiarity is that its inhabitants still communicate with each other in one of the oldest languages ​​in the world - Welsh. The second official language is English. In terms of area, Wales is the third largest country in the UK.

There are five areas with unique nature registered here, as well as three local residents call “castles” due to the impressive number of ancient fortresses (about 600 castles).

If you are well versed in geography, then it will not be difficult for you to easily describe the position of Great Britain on the map in English. And if not, then you can always use our topic, which will guide you around the country from south to north, and from east to west.

When studying a map of England in English, the only thing you have to do is remember a lot of names. Seas, mountains, cities, capitals and rivers can be challenging. But don't worry, you can do it! In our article you will find the most significant objects.

Look at the map. You can see that the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is situated on 1the Isles 2. They are called the British Isles 3 There are more than 5000 small islands there. Two of them are the biggest: Great Britain and Ireland. We know that the UK consists of 4 countries: England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. England, Scotland and Northern Ireland are located on the largest island which is called Great Britain. Northern Ireland is situated on the smaller one which is called Ireland and occupies the northern part of it.

You can see that the UK is washed by water 4 from all sides. It is separated from 5 Europe by the English Channel and the Strait of Dover. It is washed by the Atlantic ocean in the west, by the North sea in the east. The UK is separated from the Ireland by the Irish sea. The geographical position flavored the development of the country as a great sea country.

England occupies 6 the southern part of Great Britain. Scotland is in the north of the island and Wales is in the west of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is in the north-east of Ireland.

The central and the most beautiful part of the county is England. The landscape is diverse 7. In the north and in the west of the country you can see mountains 8, but the other area is plain 9. England has more fertile soil 10 than others. Also there are many lakes in the north-western district 11 which is known as Lake District.

Scotland can be called the country of mountains. The region of the mountains which is known as Highlands is the oldest in the world. The Grampians is the chain 12 of the mountains there. Ben Nevis is the highest peak 13 . There are some other chains: the Pennine in England and the Cumbrian Mountains in Wales.

You will find a lot of forests along the county. But none of them can be called great. The biggest one is Sherwood Forest. It occupies the area in the eastern part of England. Of course, you have heard the legends about it. The most famous is about Robin Hood.

There are many rivers in the UK. But they are not long. The longest one is the Severn which flows in England. The Thames, the Mersey and the Clyde are the most important rivers. They play a great role in British trade and commerce.You can travel by water along the whole country because many of the rivers are connected 14 by channels.

London, Glasgow, Liverpool, Birmingham, Manchester and Edinburgh are the largest cities in the UK. The total area 15 of the UK is 224,000 sq km. And the population 16 is about 60 million. It's advantageous 17 positions has made the UK one of the powerful country in the world.

Vocabulary:

1. to be situated on — is located
2. the Isles — islands
3. the British Isles — British Isles
4. to be washed by water - washed with water
5. to be separated from — separated from
6. occupy - takes
7. diverse diverse
8. mountains - mountains
9. plain - flat
10. fertile soil - fertile soil
11. district — area
12. chain - mountain ranges
13. peak - peak
14. to be connected — connected
15. total area — general territory
16. population - population
17. advantageous - advantageous position

Great Britain and Ireland - islands of Great Britain and Ireland

England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland - England, Wales, Scotland, Northern Ireland

the English Channel and the Strait of Dover — English Channel and La de Calais (Straits of Dover)

the Atlantic ocean, the Irish sea Atlantic Ocean, Irish Sea

Highlands— Highlands (mountainous areas)

Ben Nevis— Ben Nevis

The Grampians, the Pennine, the Cumbrian Mountains in Wales - Grampian Mountains, Pennines, Cumbrian Mountains

The Thames, the Mersey and the Clyde, the Severn — Thames, Mersey (Mersey), Clyde, Severn

London, Glasgow, Liverpool, Birmingham, Manchester and Edinburgh - London, Glasgow, Liverpool, Birmingham, Manchester, Edinburgh

Well, have you read it? Translated? Have you figured it out? The map of England in English will look less scary if you look at and analyze the text again. Try to name only the rivers, where they are and what they are. Capitals, mountains, what separates them and where they are located. It will be easier to learn in parts. Go for it!