Mari El Republic. Presentation on the topic "tour of Mari El" Mari El presentation with accompaniment
Spring land In addition to forests, which occupy 57% of the republic's area, 11 and 476 (!) small rivers, in Mari El there are more than 600 lakes, mostly forest, sinkholes, and also swamps, hills and ... mountains! The Gornomariysky district is called “Zhiguli”, “Crimea” here. Kuzhenersky district - "Mari Switzerland". In addition to forests, which occupy 57% of the republic's area, 11 and 476 (!) small rivers, in Mari El there are more than 600 lakes, mostly forest, sinkholes, and also swamps, hills and ... mountains! The Gornomariysky district is called “Zhiguli”, “Crimea” here. Kuzhenersky district - "Mari Switzerland".
The Republic of Mari El is a natural wonder in itself. This big miracle is made up of many small miracles. You need to know them at least in order to ... know what to be proud of! The Republic of Mari El is a natural wonder in itself. This big miracle is made up of many small miracles. You need to know them at least in order to ... know what to be proud of!
Walnut groves are especially good in our area. The whole plant is healing - bark, pollen, leaves, fruits ... In the sun, the nuts ripen so that by September they begin to fall to the ground themselves. It is enough to shake the bush - and the fruits fall in hail. Walnut groves are especially good in our area. The whole plant is healing - bark, pollen, leaves, fruits ... In the sun, the nuts ripen so that by September they begin to fall to the ground themselves. It is enough to shake the bush - and the fruits fall in hail.
Under the branches of hazel, they hid during a thunderstorm (it was believed that it never strikes a thunderstorm), and our great-grandfathers kept twigs and crosses from hazel in their homes as protection from trouble. A walnut rod outlined a magic circle that saves from evil spirits. They also believed that a branch of a walnut tree could indicate buried treasures, that nuts had the magical power to make a person invulnerable, stop a flying arrow, and release them from chains. Under the branches of hazel, they hid during a thunderstorm (it was believed that it never strikes a thunderstorm), and our great-grandfathers kept twigs and crosses from hazel in their homes as protection from trouble. A walnut rod outlined a magic circle that saves from evil spirits. They also believed that a branch of a walnut tree could indicate buried treasures, that nuts had the magical power to make a person invulnerable, stop a flying arrow, and release them from chains.
"Mari Switzerland". "Mari Switzerland". Running down the hill, shaggy, almost fabulous fir trees are piled up, and behind them are mountains overgrown with forests, stretching beyond the horizon... horizon…
One of the most exotic lakes of our republic - Sea Eye, was among the winners of the "Seven Wonders of Russia" contest. A lot of people come here not only from Russia, but also from abroad. One of the most exotic lakes of our republic - Sea Eye, was among the winners of the "Seven Wonders of Russia" contest. A lot of people come here not only from Russia, but also from abroad.
An unusual shade of water is given by green algae. It was formed as a result of a karst failure about twenty thousand years ago. It feeds from underground springs, so the water in it is clear and very cold at the bottom - only 4-6 degrees. In summer, the surface warms up to 20 degrees, and people swim here. The waters of the Sea Eye heal from many diseases. An unusual shade of water is given by green algae. It was formed as a result of a karst failure about twenty thousand years ago. It feeds from underground springs, so the water in it is clear and very cold at the bottom - only 4-6 degrees. In summer, the surface warms up to 20 degrees, and people swim here. The waters of the Sea Eye heal from many diseases.
There are many beautiful legends about the origin of the lake. According to one of them, a coniferous forest once stood in this place. A large road passed through it - a snag. In the old days, a wedding cortege rode through these places - the groom took the bride from these places. And the rejoicing people did not notice that the earth shook and collapsed on their way. Gone are the ancient trees. The entire wedding procession sank into the abyss of the lake, which arose on the site of a deep failure. Until now, according to legend, at night you can sometimes hear the quiet sounds of wedding songs and the ringing of bells over the lake ... There are many beautiful legends about the origin of the lake. According to one of them, a coniferous forest once stood in this place. A large road passed through it - a snag. In the old days, a wedding cortege rode through these places - the groom took the bride from these places. And the rejoicing people did not notice that the earth shook and collapsed on their way. Gone are the ancient trees. The entire wedding procession sank into the abyss of the lake, which arose on the site of a deep failure. Until now, according to legend, at night you can sometimes hear the quiet sounds of wedding songs and the chime of bells over the lake...
Under your feet is a mysterious world of man-made caves with stalactites, stalagmites, bats and icy springs... The most interesting site is the Gornoye Zadelye reserve and its environs on the border of Kuzhenersky and Sernursky districts. The tract "Nolkin stone" with ancient underground quarries is located here. Under your feet is a mysterious world of man-made caves with stalactites, stalagmites, bats and icy springs... The most interesting site is the Gornoye Zadelye reserve and its environs on the border of Kuzhenersky and Sernursky districts. The tract "Nolkin stone" with ancient underground quarries is located here. Vyatka ridge
The passages of adits bite into the thickness of the stone mountain at a distance of up to 300 meters! Even in the hottest summer, you can find ice stalactites and stalagmites of amazing beauty and size in the caves. The passages of adits bite into the thickness of the stone mountain at a distance of up to 300 meters! Even in the hottest summer, you can find ice stalactites and stalagmites of amazing beauty and size in the caves.
The attraction of the Vyatka Uval is the giant Pamashyal ravine, the deepest in our republic (the height of the slopes in some places approaches one hundred meters). Its sheer walls reveal a section of rocks that have been accumulating since ... the Jurassic period. Limestones, clays, sandstones, veinlets of quartz go layer by layer... The landmark of Vyatka Uval is the giant Pamashyal ravine, the deepest in our republic (the height of the slopes in some places approaches one hundred meters). Its sheer walls reveal a section of rocks that have been accumulating since ... the Jurassic period. Limestones, clays, sandstones, veins of quartz go layer by layer... In the vicinity of the ravine - a real mountain landscape: the impression that Switzerland is around
Only in Mari El there are rare plants listed in the Red Book - calypso orchid, wild lily - royal curls, unique species of ferns. There is also the legendary northern orchid - the lady's slipper, which in ancient times was called the "Amazon amulet". Only in Mari El there are rare plants listed in the Red Book - calypso orchid, wild lily - royal curls, unique species of ferns. There is also the legendary northern orchid - the lady's slipper, which in ancient times was called the "Amazon amulet".
Reserve "Big Kokshaga" (area of 21.5 thousand hectares). The territory is strictly guarded. The main attraction of the reserve is the unique floodplain oak forests. 20 rivers and rivulets flow through the territory of the reserve. There are 1600 species of animals, more than 150 species of birds. Reserve "Big Kokshaga" (area of 21.5 thousand hectares). The territory is strictly guarded. The main attraction of the reserve is the unique floodplain oak forests. 20 rivers and rivulets flow through the territory of the reserve. There are 1600 species of animals, more than 150 species of birds. This is a single living forest organism. This is a single living forest organism.
The swamps are also called the "lungs of the planet", its giant natural filter. Bog peat absorbs toxic substances, binds carbon and thus prevents the greenhouse effect by saturating the air with oxygen. This is a reserve source of fresh water. In terms of peat reserves, Russia ranks first in the world. It is also mined in Mari El. Of the many swamps of our republic, seventeen are recognized as natural monuments and are preserved in their original form. Among them are Marerskoye, Sorochinsky, Tyr, Martyn, Shidyar... Swamps are also called the "lungs of the planet", its giant natural filter. Bog peat absorbs toxic substances, binds carbon and thus prevents the greenhouse effect by saturating the air with oxygen. This is a reserve source of fresh water. In terms of peat reserves, Russia ranks first in the world. It is also mined in Mari El. Of the many swamps of our republic, seventeen are recognized as natural monuments and are preserved in their original form. Among them are Marerskoye, Sorochinskoye, Tyr, Martyn, Shidyar...
In September, a pilgrimage for cranberries begins in Mari El. Guests from neighboring regions also visit our swamps rich in vitamin berries. In September, a pilgrimage for cranberries begins in Mari El. Guests from neighboring regions also visit our swamps rich in vitamin berries.
Protected islets rise sacred groves - kyusoto, of which there are several dozen here. The Mari, who revere them as temples, conduct their traditional religious rites here, which came from distant ancestors. In these groves, any felling is prohibited: after all, every tree here is the abode of the spirit. Protected islets rise sacred groves - kyusoto, of which there are several dozen here. The Mari, who revere them as temples, conduct their traditional religious rites here, which came from distant ancestors. In these groves, any felling is prohibited: after all, every tree here is the abode of the spirit.
According to legend, some of these groves are the abode of "bright" gods and spirits; on holidays, sacred prayers are held here in their honor, which sometimes gather hundreds of people. And in some gloomy spruce groves, according to legend, dark forces live. Special ceremonies to remove "damage" or exorcise evil spirits in such places are held at night, and it is imperative to leave the grove at dawn, so that evil spirits, afraid of the sun, do not follow. According to legend, some of these groves are the abode of "bright" gods and spirits; on holidays, sacred prayers are held here in their honor, which sometimes gather hundreds of people. And in some gloomy spruce groves, according to legend, dark forces live. Special ceremonies to remove "damage" or exorcise evil spirits in such places are held at night, and it is imperative to leave the grove at dawn, so that evil spirits, afraid of the sun, do not follow.
There is no smoke without fire! Translated into the language of the 21st century, spirits are not fully understood types of energy and a manifestation of hidden natural forces. In these relic groves, amazing magnetic anomalies are observed - the compass needle suddenly starts jumping for no reason, deviating 10 degrees. They say, there are even places where it rotates wildly at all ... There is no smoke without fire! Translated into the language of the 21st century, spirits are not fully understood types of energy and a manifestation of hidden natural forces. In these relic groves, amazing magnetic anomalies are observed - the compass needle, for no reason at all, suddenly starts jumping, deviating degrees. They say, there are even places where it completely rotates wildly ...
Near the village of Nursola there is a famous ravine - Ovdakorem. According to local legends, ovds lived - forest creatures covered with wool and with their feet turned back. Shepherd women had such huge breasts that they had to throw them on their backs. The favorite entertainment of the police department is riding horses stolen from local residents at night, and they mounted the horse in a very peculiar way - together, with their backs to each other. The next morning, the owners found the horses driven and wet with sweat.
They say that relatively recently - in the post-war years - at the bottom of the ravine they found round, about half a meter in diameter, entrances to the underground dwellings of the police department, and at the very beginning of the sixties, the ovds moved from here, went away from civilization, into the forest jungle of the Kirov region. They say that relatively recently - in the post-war years - at the bottom of the ravine they found round, about half a meter in diameter, entrances to the underground dwellings of the police department, and at the very beginning of the sixties, the ovds moved from here, went away from civilization, into the forest jungle of the Kirov region. At first, the researchers were skeptical about these stories, until they heard - already from the Kirov region - about cases of meetings with a yeti - a mysterious Bigfoot. They organized an expedition in his footsteps and, they say, they found these traces. At the same time, the "Yeti camps" were very reminiscent of everything related to the Mari Ovds ... Researchers at first treated these stories with skepticism, until they heard - already from the Kirov region - about cases of meetings with the Yeti - the mysterious Bigfoot. They organized an expedition in his footsteps and, they say, they found these traces. At the same time, the “Yeti parking lots” were very reminiscent of everything connected with the Mari Ovds…
Legend about the spring Marian Pamash (Spring of Mary) Legend about the spring Marian Pamash (Spring of Mary) The girl was forced to marry a rich man, but she ran away from home with her beloved and played a wedding with him near the key. Soon the children left. After that, the source began to be called, the spring of Mary. In this vein - soft, healthy water. She especially helps women who want to conceive a child but cannot. It is believed that bathing in the spring will certainly help this dream come true. Marian Pamash has long been a place of worship for local residents. For more than forty years, exactly at midnight from January 13 to 14, in a blizzard and in a cold, people come here with their troubles and desires, with faith and hope. They light candles, rush to the springs ... They wanted to forcefully marry the girl to a rich man, but she ran away from home with her beloved and played a wedding with him near the key. Soon the children left. After that, the source began to be called, the spring of Mary. In this vein - soft, healthy water. She especially helps women who want to conceive a child but cannot. It is believed that bathing in the spring will certainly help this dream come true. Marian Pamash has long been a place of worship for local residents. For more than forty years, exactly at midnight from January 13 to 14, in a blizzard and in a cold, people come here with their troubles and desires, with faith and hope. They light candles, rush to the springs ...
Not immediately people understood, so that their descendants would remember. They do not need to destroy, And for the children to save That world, where the rivers are clean, Forests are shady, Streams, where silvery. And it's all to love! Not immediately people understood, so that their descendants would remember. They do not need to destroy, And for the children to save That world, where the rivers are clean, Forests are shady, Streams, where silvery. And it's all to love!
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Collective project 4B class MOU secondary school No. 29 Project leader: primary school teacher MOU "Secondary school No. 29 of Yoshkar-Ola" Meteleva Tatyana Nikolaevna 5 Chudes Mari El
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The relevance of this work is to: deepen students' knowledge about the symbols, sights, nature of the Mari region. to develop children's speech, understanding of their personal responsibility for the future of their native land, country, broaden their horizons, imagination. to educate in children an interest in the history of their people, love for their native land, respect for nature. Purpose, relevance of the project Purpose of the work: - expansion and deepening of students' knowledge about the Republic of Mari El; acquaintance with the peculiarities of the Mari region, its history.
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In December 1985, the State Natural National Park "Mari Chodra" was created in the Mari Republic, which means "Mari Forest" in Russian. There are beautiful pine forests and coniferous-deciduous forests on the territory of the park. There are ten lakes of karst origin here, and the lakes Yalchik, Glukhoe, Kichier, Konan'er, Mushan'er are declared natural monuments. The Ilet River flows through the territory of the park with numerous springs along the banks. The tract "Klenovaya Gora" stands out especially. At its foot there are more than 20 mineral springs and many oxbows of Ileti with therapeutic mud. The largest of the sources "Green Key".
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There is a beautiful legend about where the name "Green Key" came from. There lived a handsome guy named Masai in the neighboring village. All the girls in the neighborhood were in love with him, but he didn't like any of them. He often walked through the forest, hunted, and met a mermaid there. Masai was fascinated by the mermaid, and she fell in love with the guy and sang beautiful songs to him every evening. In autumn, at the end of the mermaid season, in order not to part with her beloved, the mermaid changed her tail for two legs. Masai brought her to his village, and they lived like husband and wife. But their happiness did not last long. The Master of the water found out where his rebellious daughter had fled, and decided to flood the village where Masai and the mermaid lived. Residents, seeing that the water was coming close, drove them out of the village. Then, to avert trouble, the mermaid threw herself into the water. The water receded, but the mermaid has not been seen since. Masai himself became not his own. He wanted to drown himself - the water did not accept him. He was looking for death in the forest, but wild animals bypassed him. so the restless one walked until his death. And the owner of the water turned the mermaid into a spring so that she would not run away again. Green mermaid hair became algae at the bottom of the stream, and bitter tears became mineral water. On the bank of this stream, Masai died ... The legend of the spring "Green Key"
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There are also historical places in the natural park. This is the old Kazan tract and "Pugachev's Oak". According to ancient legends, near this oak, pursued by the tsarist troops, Emelyan Pugachev stopped to rest with his troops. From here he monitored the burning Kazan. Pugachev's Oak Oak differs sharply in its size among the stands. This is a gigantic tree with a powerful trunk, the diameter of which is 159 cm, the height is 26 meters. It rises above the forest so that even the tallest trees barely reach its middle. And the age, as stated, is 500 years! The Pugachevsky oak, taken separately, is a valuable natural monument.
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Mother of God - Sergiev Hermitage One of the miracles of Mari El is hidden in the remote Kilemar taiga, among centuries-old pines and peat bogs. This is the Mother of God - Sergius Hermitage - a monastery. It was founded recently - 10 years ago, the construction of the architectural ensemble is still going on. Pustyn is remarkable for its amazing beauty - all the buildings are wooden, in the spirit of medieval Rus'. A particle of the holy relics of Sergius of Radonezh is kept in the temple, there are also miraculous icons. Pilgrims from all over the country come to worship them. The monastery is located in a picturesque place on the high right bank of the Rutka River. It is surrounded by forest on all sides. There are peat bogs around, because of which the water in the river is reddish in color. They say that once in these places it was dry and mosquitoes were not known here, but after the construction of the Cheboksary hydroelectric power station, groundwater rose and soil moisture changed. That is why there are a lot of mosquitoes and midges around. Arriving in these places, the monks first of all set up a small house church. This is a large hut with a single dome on the roof. The new wooden church, built recently, is crowned with eight domes.
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Lake "Sea Eye" From the depths of the karst failure, the Sea Eye looks at us - this is the name of the famous local lake. They dubbed it so for the correct round shape and the amazing, emerald color of the water. Green algae give this color to the lake. According to one version, the reservoir arose 20 thousand years ago - back in the Ice Age! Many ancient legends are associated with the Sea Eye.
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Legends of the lake Legend 1. In the old days, a wedding cortege drove through these places. The groom from the Morkin side took the bride from these places. And when the wedding train was returning back along the former forest road, the merry people did not notice that the earth had collapsed on their way. Gone are the ancient trees. The entire wedding procession went into the abyss of the lake, which arose on the site of a deep failure. Until now, according to legend, at night you can sometimes hear the quiet sounds of wedding songs and the ringing of bells over the lake. Legend 2. Another legend has been preserved, according to which, long ago, Mari peasants found the remains of an ancient sea ship in the lake. As if the water at the bottom of the lake is like sea water - salty. Legend 3. They say that in the lower layers of the lake there are sea velvet algae, which give the water of the lake its unique emerald color. Legend 4. According to this old legend, there was once a large coniferous forest on the site of the lake. From the ground spouted a spring with pure spring water. A long road passed through the forest - koryazh (ridge).
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Sea Eye Lake is an amazing piece of nature. A stunning view opens from a high cliff: trees, fields, endless Mari taiga. And nowhere can you see any factory pipes or flying planes. And below, under the cliff lies Sea Eye Lake. It seems that the Earth itself is looking at us.
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Pocket-Kuryk It should be noted that this is not only a natural, but also a historical monument. When enemies attacked the peoples of the Mari, they hid in some mountains; subsequently these mountains were called "Pockets". One of them is "Karman-Kuryk". Its name also translates as "fortress-mountain". Karman-Kuryk is located in the low-mountain part of the Vyatka-Mariysky rampart and is a complex geological natural monument of federal rank.
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It should be pointed out that this is not only a natural, but also a historical monument. When enemies attacked the peoples of the Mari, they hid in some mountains; subsequently these mountains were called "Pockets". One of them is "Karman-Kuryk". Its name also translates as "fortress-mountain". Karman-Kuryk is located in the low-mountain part of the Vyatka-Mariysky rampart and is a complex geological natural monument of federal rank.
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The "People of Ovda" is a semi-mythical aboriginal people who lived in the early Middle Ages on the territory between the Volga and Vyatka, later occupied by the Mari. The way of life of the Ovda people, unusual for the Mari, contributed to its mythologization, as a result of which it acquired many features characteristic of evil spirits. So, Ovda live in places traditionally associated with evil spirits (Ovda themselves are often called unclean, keremet): in caves on a hill, under a mountain, in a ravine, in an old tree under a mill, in a forest. Legends Pocket-kuryk
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Thanks to G. Tukay, an inhabitant of the Shurale forest became one of the famous characters of local legends. In the writer's native area there was the village of Novy Menger, whose inhabitants once caught Shurale, which made the settlement cursed. Similar "damned" settlements were in Mari El. Only the locals were afraid not of Shurale, but of the ovda - usually a naked, shaggy woman with mammary glands thrown over her shoulders. Most likely, Shurale is a kind of ovda. G. Tukay wrote "Shurale" in the village of Kyrlay, which borders on the Morkinsky district, which indirectly proves that the mythical Ovda people could inhabit these lands.
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The Republic of Mari El is a region with amazingly beautiful nature, rich in lakes and forests. There are many picturesque and interesting places in the republic where you can not only enjoy the scenery, but also see rare animals and plants listed in the Red Book. These are the natural reserve Kamennaya Gora, which is called the "Mari Switzerland", the National Park "Mari Chodra" and the State Reserve "Bolshaya Kokshaga" - monuments of federal significance, the natural and historical reserve "Mountain Zadelye" and many others. The sights of Mari El are, of course, not only nature. Here you can see, for example, Sheremetyev's castle, which is unique in the Volga region, and many other architectural monuments. But, undoubtedly, the main wealth is beautiful landscapes, which a person is simply obliged to preserve.
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The work of 4B class MOU secondary school No. 29 was presented by: Ivanov Nikita, Vedenkin Igor, Lobanova Irina, Salakhova Lilia. Class teacher: Meteleva Tatyana Nikolaevna Thank you for your attention
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Our Sea Eye lake is the number one miracle in Russia! Mariyskoye Lake won by a wide margin, leaving behind even such world-famous wonders of nature as the Kamchatka Valley of Geysers, Lake Baikal, Lena Pillars... Sea Eye Lake
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Kirill Ivanovich Ivanov (1909-1943), Mari poet and film actor Played the role of Mustafa in the film "Start in Life", which was shown in 107 countries around the world. Unreasonably repressed. YivanKyrla
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Petyaly is the most beautiful, fertile place, which is called the spiritual oasis of our diocese. There, the temple of St. Guria stretches to the sky. Nearby are two fertile sources: the icons of Our Lady of Smolensk and Seraphim of Sarov. Guests from Alaska visited here, who were completely delighted with what they saw. v. Petyaly, Volzhsky district
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The owners of the castle were Vasily Petrovich and Olga Dmitrievna Sheremetev. There are almost a hundred rooms in the castle: "Picture Gallery", "Eastern Study", "Oak Room", "Skobelevsky Hall". The total area of the estate with a park is more than 45 hectares. Sheremetev Castle
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Kozmodemyansk
In October 1552, after the capture of Kazan, sailing back along the Volga to Moscow, Tsar Ivan the Terrible stopped at the place where the city is now located. Apparently, he liked the area, and he ordered to build a city here. The city began to be built only 31 years later, in the autumn of 1583
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In commemoration of the bicentenary of the Pugachev uprising in 1974, a memorial stone with an inscription was erected at this place. Oak Pugachev
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Mari Soviet composer and musicologist-folklorist, the father of the composer Andrey Eshpay was the first scholar-researcher of Mari music. Yakov Eshpai
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Sulfate-bicarbonate calcium-magnesium spring "Green Key"
The sanatorium "Klenovaya Gora" is located one and a half kilometers from the source. The water in the source has a temperature of +6.5 C all year round. This is the only place in the Volga region where water does not freeze all winter
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Open-air museum
The Ethnographic Museum in the city of Kozmodemyansk is a repository of wooden architecture samples of ancient tools and everyday life used in the pre-revolutionary and pre-war peasant economy of the Mari Volga region
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