Big cities. Tatarstan: population and cities of the republic Name of the cities of Tatarstan in the Tatar language

Today the Republic of Tatarstan is an actively developing Russian region. Therefore, many are interested in how the cities of Tatarstan are developing, a list of them is given in this article. It is this republic that many today consider as a place to move and look for work in the near future.

How many cities are in the republic?

The largest cities, apart from urban-type settlements, are Kazan, Naberezhnye Chelny, Nizhnekamsk and Almetyevsk.

Other cities of Tatarstan are not so numerous. The alphabetical list is as follows: Agryz, Aznakaevo, Arsk, Bavly, Bolgar, Bugulma, Buinsk, Yelabuga, Zainsk, Zelenodolsk, Innopolis, Kukmor, Laishevo, Leninogorsk, Mamadysh, Mendeleevsk, Menzelinsk, Nurlat, Tetyushi, Chistopol. In total there are 24 cities in the republic.

The population of the cities of Tatarstan

The capital of Tatarstan - Kazan - is a million-plus city. At the time of the last census, 1,231,878 people lived in it.

In three more settlements, the number of inhabitants exceeds 100,000 people. So, in general, cities in the Republic of Tatarstan are very populated. The population list looks like this:

• Naberezhnye Chelny (almost 530,000 inhabitants).
• Nizhnekamsk (236,000 with a little).
• Almetievsk (slightly more than 150,000).

List of cities in Tatarstan by population with more than 50,000 people:

• Zelenodolsk (98,000).
• Bugulma (86,000).
• Yelabuga (73,000).
• Leninogorsk (63,000).
• Chistopol (60,000).

It should be noted that almost 4 million people live in the republic. The cities of Tatarstan, the list of which can be found in this article, were estimated by the number of residents at the beginning of 2016, when the population census was carried out.

Kazan

It is best to start your acquaintance with this region from the capital. In the event that the cities of the Republic of Tatarstan, the list of which you have just learned, were unfamiliar to you, then you simply could not help but hear about Kazan. Large financial flows have been directed to the republican center in the last year. Many sports arenas and infrastructure facilities are being built. An interesting fact is that it was Kazan that became the capital of the Universiade in 2013.

The city itself was founded in 1005. This opinion is shared by modern historians. Thanks to this conclusion, in 2005 the capital of Tatarstan celebrated its millennium. On such a round date, considerable federal budget funding was allocated, which helped the city become one of the most developed in Russia.

It should be noted that the excavations carried out on the territory of the local Kremlin became the basis for considering Kazan founded so long ago. Specialists found a Czech coin that was minted around 930, as well as stonework, the remains of a wooden city limits, and many other artifacts.

Scientists from 22 countries of the world were involved in the study of the finds. Despite this, many historians today believe that the existence of Kazan before the XIV century is just a bluff.

In the 90s, Kazan was a city that was famous, first of all, for its unprecedented rampant crime. In criminology, even a special term "Kazan phenomenon" appeared. It meant youth criminal groups that arose on a territorial basis. Now the situation has been corrected. Over 90% of murders are solved in hot pursuit.

It is noteworthy that in recent years Kazan has become one of the sports capitals of Russia. The city has professional teams that play in the elite divisions in all popular team sports. "Rubin" - in football, "Ak Bars" - in hockey, "Zenith" - in volleyball, "Unix" - in basketball. Moreover, all these teams have become national champions in recent years.

Naberezhnye Chelny

Studying the cities of Tatarstan, the list of which is in this article, Naberezhnye Chelny can be recommended next to visit. This settlement is located on the banks of the Kama River.

Judging by the archaeological excavations, the first settlements on this site appeared in the third millennium BC. The city was founded in 1626, when peasants from neighboring Yelabuga founded the Chalninsky repair. This is a village located on the territory of the modern Bumazhnikov microdistrict.

This is a large industrial center on the Kama. A cardboard and paper plant, an automobile plant operate here, the electric power industry, mechanical engineering, construction and food industries are developing. One of the main organizations is the KAMAZ truck manufacturing company.

An interesting fact is that Naberezhnye Chelny is perhaps the only city in the country where regular competitions are held for the duration of a non-stop flight of pigeons. These competitions have been held every year since 1986.

Nizhnekamsk

The cities of Tatarstan, the list of which should be known to everyone who is going to visit this republic, are not listed completely. Nizhnekamsk is one of the youngest cities in Tatarstan, which appeared in 1961. Nizhnekamsk was founded on the occasion of the mass construction of the Kama River coast with factories and enterprises. It was a kind of platform on which original building plans and urban planning were implemented.

One of the country's largest centers for the development of the oil industry is located in this settlement. In particular, the petrochemical, processing and power generating industries are developing. About 25% of all industrial products of Tatarstan are produced here.

Almetievsk

The city of Almetyevsk is the fourth in terms of population and importance in the republic. Like Nizhnekamsk, it appeared in the middle of the 20th century, in 1953.

At the moment, the city is known, first of all, for the fact that the headquarters of the Tatneft company is located here. It provides the city with the majority of budget injections. Also, several small oil companies are located here and the production of oil and gas pipes is based.

Innopolis

Innopolis is one of the most unusual cities in Tatarstan. Officially, only 96 people live in it.

This city, founded in 2012, became one of the first IT village projects in Russia. An innovation center was created in the suburbs of Kazan. It is a residential area with residential buildings and office buildings. It will eventually house about 20,000 IT professionals. The official partner of this project was the Skolkovo center, which was actively supported by the president, and later the prime minister of Russia, Dmitry Medvedev.

Today, Innopolis is one of the most sparsely populated cities in Russia. In addition to official residents, at the moment there are about two and a half thousand people who rent housing. A university, a campus, a sports stadium, a football field, and residential areas have been built in the city. This is one of the most attractive cities for residents of Russia.

All cities of Tatarstan have peculiar features, and at the same time, there is a link that unites them. First of all, they are united by the fact that they are settlements of a single republic with a distinctive culture. But what are the cities of the Republic of Tatarstan? The list and population in these settlements, as well as other features, will be the subject of our study.

General information about the Republic of Tatarstan

Before starting to study individual cities of Tatarstan, let's find out brief information about this republic as a whole.

Tatarstan is located in the middle Volga region, and is part of the Volga Federal District. In the south it borders on the Ulyanovsk, Samara and Orenburg regions, in the southeast with Bashkiria, in the northeast with the Republic of Udmurtia, in the gray with the Kirov region, in the west and northwest with the Republics of Mari El and Chuvashia.

The republic is located in a temperate climate zone with a temperate continental climate type. The total area of ​​Tatarstan is 67.8 thousand square meters. km, and the population - 3868.7 thousand people. In terms of the number of inhabitants, this republic ranks seventh among all subjects of the federation. The population density is 57.0 people/sq. km.

Tatarstan is the city of Kazan.

Since ancient times, the territory of modern Tatarstan was inhabited by Finno-Ugric tribes. In the 7th century, the Turkic tribes of the Bulgars came here and founded their own state, which was destroyed by the Mongol-Tatars in the 13th century. After that, the lands of Tatarstan were included in the Golden Horde, and as a result of the mixing of the Bulgars with the newcomer Turkic peoples, modern Tatars were formed. After the collapse of the Golden Horde, an independent one was formed here, which was included in the Russian kingdom under Ivan the Terrible in the 16th century. Since then, the region has been actively populated by ethnic Russians. Here the Kazan province was formed. In 1917, the province was transformed into the Tatar Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, the Republic of Tatarstan was formed in 1992.

List of cities in Tatarstan

Now let's list the cities of the Republic of Tatarstan. The list by population is provided below.

• Kazan - 1217.0 thousand inhabitants
• Naberezhnye Chelny - 526.8 thousand inhabitants.
• Almetievsk - 152.6 thousand inhabitants.
• Zelenodolsk - 98.8 thousand inhabitants.
• Bugulma - 86.0 thousand inhabitants.
• Yelabuga - 73.3 thousand inhabitants.
• Leninogorsk - 63.3 thousand inhabitants.
• Chistopol - 60.9 thousand inhabitants.
• Zainsk - 40.9 thousand inhabitants.
• Nizhnekamsk - 36.2 thousand inhabitants.
• Nurlat - 33.1 thousand inhabitants.
• Mendeleevsk - 22.1 thousand inhabitants.
• Bavly - 22.2 thousand inhabitants.
• Buinsk - 20.9 thousand inhabitants.
• Arsk - 20.0 thousand inhabitants.
• Agryz - 19.7 thousand inhabitants.
• Menzelinsk - 17.0 thousand inhabitants.
• Mamadysh - 15.6 thousand inhabitants.
• Tetyushi - 11.4 thousand inhabitants.

We have listed all the cities of Tatarstan by population. Now we will talk about the largest of them in more detail.

Kazan is the capital of the republic

The cities of Tatarstan should begin to be represented from its capital - Kazan. Presumably this city was founded around 1000, during the existence of the Bulgar kingdom. But the city reached its real heyday during the Golden Horde. And, especially after the separation of the lands of the middle Volga region into a separate khanate, the capital of which was Kazan. This state was called the Kazan Khanate. But even after the accession of these territories to the Russian kingdom, the city did not lose its significance, remaining one of the largest centers of Russia. After the formation of the USSR, it became the capital, and after its collapse, it becomes the capital of the Republic of Tatarstan, which is a subject of the Russian Federation.

The city is located on the territory of 425.3 sq. km and has a population of 1.217 million inhabitants, the density of which is 1915 people / 1 sq. km. km. Since 2002, the dynamics of changes in the number of residents in Kazan has a constant upward trend. Among the ethnic groups, Russians and Tatars predominate, respectively, accounting for 48.6% and 47.6% of the total population. There are much fewer representatives of other nationalities, among which Chuvash, Ukrainians and Mari should be singled out. Their share in the total number does not even reach 1%.

Among the religions, the most widespread are Sunni Islam and Orthodox Christianity.

The basis of the city's economy is the petrochemical and engineering industries, but, as in any large center, many other sectors of production, as well as trade and services, are also developed.

Kazan is the largest city of Tatarstan. The photo of this important center in the European part of Russia is located above. As you can see, this settlement has a modern look.

Naberezhnye Chelny - the center of mechanical engineering

Speaking about other cities of Tatarstan, one cannot fail to mention Naberezhnye Chelny. The first settlement here was founded by Russians in 1626. Its original name was Chalninsky repair, but then the village was renamed Mysovye Chelny. In 1930, there was a new renaming, as the city began to be called Krasnye Chelny, which had an ideological connotation. In addition, the village of Berezhny Chelny was located not far away, which in the same 1930 received the status of a city. From the confluence of these two settlements, Naberezhnye Chelny was formed.

The city developed most intensively in the 1960s and 1970s, during the Brezhnev era. It was then that the production of KamAZ trucks was built. From a small town Naberezhnye Chelny turned into the second largest settlement of the Tatar Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic after Kazan. After the death of the General Secretary of the CPSU, in 1982, the city was renamed Brezhnev in his honor. But in 1988 Naberezhnye Chelny got its former name back.

Naberezhnye Chelny is the second settlement in terms of population and area in the region. It occupies an area of ​​171 sq. km, which housed a population of 526.8 thousand people. Its density is 3080.4 people/1 sq. km. Since 2009, the population of the city has been constantly growing.

Tatars and Russians also live here most of all - 47.4% and 44.9%, respectively. More than 1% of the total number - Chuvash, Ukrainians and Bashkirs. Slightly fewer Udmurts, Maris and Mordovians.

Nizhnekamsk is the youngest city of Tatarstan

Nizhnekamsk has the title of the youngest city in the republic. The regions of Tatarstan cannot boast of a city that was founded later than him. The construction of Nizhnekamsk was planned in 1958. The beginning of the construction itself dates back to 1960.

At present, in Nizhnekamsk, located on an area of ​​63.5 sq. km, home to 236.2 thousand people, which makes it the third largest city in the region, after Kazan and Naberezhnye Chelny. The density is 3719.6 people / 1 sq. km.

Tatars and Russians are approximately equal in number and account for 46.5% and 46.1%, respectively. Chuvash in the city 3%, 1% Bashkirs and Ukrainians.

The basis of the city's economy is the petrochemical industry.

Almetyevsk is one of the oldest cities in Tatarstan

But the first settlement on the territory of modern Almetyevsk, on the contrary, was founded relatively long ago. It was originally called Almetyevo, and its foundation dates back to the 18th century. But the status of the city received only in 1953.

The population of Almetyevo is 152.6 thousand people. It is located on a territorial area of ​​115 sq. km and has a density of 1327 people / 1 sq. km. km.

The absolute majority are Tatars - 55.2%. There are slightly fewer Russians - 37.1%. Then the Chuvash and Mordovians follow in terms of numbers.

Zelenodolsk - a city on the Volga

The foundation of Zelenodolsk differs from the emergence of most other cities of Tatarstan in that it was founded not by Russians or Tatars, but by the Mari. Its original name was Porat, then it was changed to Kabachishchi and Paratsk. In 1928 it received the name Zeleny Dol, and in 1932, in connection with the transformation into a city, Zelenodolsk.

The population in the city is 98.8 thousand people. with an area of ​​37.7 sq. km, and density - 2617.6 people / 1 sq. km. km. Among nationalities, Russians (67%) and Tatars (29.1%) predominate.

Bugulma - regional center

The regional center of the Bugulma district is the city of Bugulma. The settlement in this place was founded in 1736, and it received the status of a city in 1781.

The population in Bugulma is 86.1 thousand inhabitants. The territory of the city is 27.87 sq. km. Density - 3088.8 people / 1 sq. km. The national composition of the population is dominated by Russians and Tatars.

General characteristics of the cities of Tatarstan

We have studied in detail the largest cities of the Republic of Tatarstan. The largest of them - the capital of the Republic of Kazan, has a population of 1.217 million inhabitants. This is the only millionaire city in the republic. Three more settlements in the region have a population exceeding 100 thousand people.

Most of the population of the cities of Tatarstan are Russians and Tatars. Among other peoples, there are relatively many Ukrainians, Chuvashs, Maris, Udmurts and Bashkirs. The predominant religions are Orthodox Christianity and Islam. In addition, some other religions are common.

NABEREZHNYE CHELNY(in 1982-1988 Brezhnev), a city in the Russian Federation, the Republic of Tatarstan, is located in the Kama region, 225 km east of Kazan. Pier on the left bank of the Kama, 17 km from the railway station Krugloye Pole on the line Agryz - Akbash. Airport. Regional center. Population 513.5 thousand people (2001). Founded in 1626. City since 1930.

The main industrial enterprises: JSC "KamAZ" (trucks and cars). Nizhnekamsk HPP. Repair and mechanical plant; Software Tatelectromash. Production of building materials. Food processing enterprises (meat processing plant, bakery, brewery, city food processing plant, as well as a meat processing plant and a dairy plant in the village of Sidorovka), woodworking (furniture factory) and light industry.
The first Russian settlers organized repairs to Cape Chelny in 1626 on land that had been abandoned earlier by the population, which was empty and overgrown with forest. Previously, a semi-nomadic population lived here, but left these lands, this probably happened in the period after the conquest of the Kazan Khanate. In the title, the word “boat” is a rethinking of the Turkic “challa” (mountain, slope, bare hill) into the Russian “boat” (boat). In 1982-88. the city was called Brezhnev by the name of the Soviet party and statesman L. I. Brezhnev (1906-82). The rapid development of urban construction began in 1969 in connection with the construction of the KamAZ plant.

Naberezhnye Chelny. Boulevard of Enthusiasts.

Educational and cultural institutions: Kama Polytechnic Institute, Naberezhnye Chelny State Pedagogical Institute, Non-State Religious and Philosophical Institute, Maharishi Vedic University, a branch of the Volgograd State Academy of Physical Culture. Puppet Theatre.

On the outskirts of the city there is a climatic resort area Tarlovka.

Zelenodolsk, a city in Tataria, a regional center, is located on the left bank of the Volga, 38 km west of Kazan. Pier, railway junction Zeleny Dol. Population 99.6 thousand inhabitants (2001). The village of Zeleny Dol was founded in 1865, the city since 1932.

The main industrial enterprises: the Sergo Plant (machine-building), the Gorky shipbuilding plant, a plywood and furniture factory, a clothing and furniture factory. There is a branch of Kazan State University in the city. Raifa Bogoroditsky Monastery is located 21 km from Zelenodolsk. Near the city are located the Raifsky section of the Volga-Kama Reserve, the climatic resort Vasilyevsky.

NIZHNEKAMSK, a city in the Russian Federation, the Republic of Tatarstan, is located in the Kama region, on the left bank of the river. Kama, 35 km from the railway station Krugloye Pole, 237 km east of Kazan. River port. Regional center. Population 224.4 thousand people (2001). Founded in the early 1960s. City since 1966.

The main industrial enterprises: OAO Nizhnekamskneftekhim (ethylene glycol, rubber, diesel fuel, gasoline for the chemical industry), Nizhnekamskshina; food and light industry enterprises.

It emerged as a settlement during the construction of the Nizhnekamsk plant.

Educational institutions: Nizhnekamsk Institute of Chemical Technology of Kazan State Technological University, a branch of the Kazan Institute of Business and Management, a branch of the Moscow Institute of Humanities and Economics.

ALMETIEVSK, a city in the Russian Federation, the Republic of Tatarstan, is located in the Kama region, on the slopes of the Bugulma-Belebeevskaya Upland, on the left bank of the river. Zai (a tributary of the Kama River), 16 km northwest of the Almetyevskaya railway station, 279 km southeast of Kazan. Population 140.7 thousand people (2001). Founded in 1950. City since 1953.

The coat of arms of Almetyevsk was adopted on October 9, 1987.

Almetievsk- the largest center of the oil industry in Tatarstan. Main industries: oil and gas production (Romashkinskoye oil and gas field); production of machines and equipment for the oil industry (factories: submersible electric pumps, auto-tractor repair, pipe, gas processing, Neftemash, tire repair); production of building materials (factories: brick, reinforced concrete products, clay powder). Hosiery factory. Food businesses. Almetievsk is the starting point of the Druzhba main oil pipeline, oil pipelines to Nizhny Novgorod, Perm, Samara, etc.

From the 17th century settlements existed on the site of the modern city. Founded as a working settlement of Almetyevo in connection with the discovery and development of oil fields. Educational and cultural institutions: Gubkin Academy of Oil and Gas, a branch of the Kazan Institute of Business and Management. Drama Theater. Art Gallery.

CHISTOPOL, a city (since 1781) in the Russian Federation, the Republic of Tatarstan, located on the left bank of the river. Kama (Kuibyshev reservoir), 125 km from the railway station Nurlat, 144 km southeast of Kazan. Road junction. Airport. Regional center. Population 66.2 thousand people (2001).

The main industrial enterprises: factories - "Vostok" (hour), repair, "Autospecial equipment", car repair, liquor. Factories: sewing, knitwear, footwear, furniture, confectionery. Combines: meat, dairy and others. In the Chistopol region, deposits of marls and glass sands were discovered.

Initially at the beginning of the 18th century. The village of Chistoe Pole was founded. The city since 1781, the center of the Chistopol district, the name gradually transformed into Chistopol. At the end of the 19th century Chistopol is a major center of grain trade. Until 1917 - the second most important city of the Kazan province (after Kazan).

Chistopol is the birthplace of the chemist A. M. Butlerov, the composer S. A. Gubaidulina.
Scientific, educational and cultural institutions: design and technology bureau "Vector"; Faculty of Kazan State Technical University.

Museum of Local Lore (Museum of the county town). Literary Museum of B. L. Pasternak, Museum of the History of the Watch Factory.

Chistopol. Nikolsky Cathedral.

Monuments of architecture: Nicholas Cathedral (1838). In the Chistopol region, the remains of the Golden Horde city of Dzhuke-Tau (10-15 centuries) have been preserved.

BUGULMA, a city in the Russian Federation, the Republic of Tatarstan, is located in the Kama region, on the slopes of the Bugulma-Belebeevskaya Upland, at the confluence of the river. Bugulminka in the river. Zai (Volga river basin). Railroad station. Airport. Regional center. Population 93.1 thousand people (2001). Founded in 1736 as a settlement. It received city status in 1781.

The main branch of industry: oil production (PA "Tatneftegeofizika", "Nefteavtomatika"). Factories: mechanical, brick, reinforced concrete products, electrical equipment, mechanical repair, porcelain. Food industry (meat, dairy plants), production of building materials. Cattle are bred in the region, cellular fur farming (mink, nutria, fox, bakery), beekeeping is developed. Deposits of bitumen, building sand, clay, limestone, dolomite have been discovered.

Since the 1950s in connection with the discovery of oil fields - the center of the oil-producing region of Tataria.

The city has a research and design institute of oil.

Museums: local history, Czech writer J. Hasek.

Monuments of architecture: the church of the 18th century. in the village of Spasskoye; Mikhailo-Arkhangelsk Church (1898-1902) and Peter and Paul Church (1841) in the village of Klyuchi; water mill (late 19th century) in the village of Petrovka. Elias Church (1827) in the village of Soldatskaya Pismyanka, Epiphany Church (1806) in the village of Sula, Dionysius Church in the village of Chirkovo.

ELABUGA, a city in the Russian Federation, the Republic of Tatarstan, is located on the river. Kama, at the confluence of the river. Toima, 79 km from the railway station Kizner, 215 km east of Kazan. Regional center. Population 67.2 thousand people (2001). Founded in the second half of the 16th century. City since 1780.

The most important industries: oil, light, food. Factories: automobile (ElAZ) and reinforcing.

It originated as the Tatar village of Alabuga. With the increase in the proportion of the Russian population in the village, an Orthodox church is being built and a particularly revered icon of the Three Hierarchs (Basil the Great, Gregory the Theologian and John Chrysostom) appears, according to legend, donated to the church by Tsar Ivan the Terrible. Since that time, the village has become a village with the name Trekhsvyatskoye; additionally, the Tatar name in a distorted form Yelabuga is also used. From the end of the 17th century Trekhsvyatskoye was known as a palace village. Since 1780 - the county town of Yelabuga. For some time the city was in the Vyatka governorate. Due to its convenient geographical location, in the 18th - 19th centuries. Elabuga actively developed as a shopping center.

Yelabuga is the birthplace of the artist I. I. Shishkin.

Educational and cultural institutions: Elabuga State Pedagogical Institute. Museums: im. M. I. Tsvetaeva (died and buried in Yelabuga), historical, architectural and art museum-reserve, museum of local lore (in the exposition - objects of the Ananyin culture (8-3 centuries BC), fragments of ceramics of the Bulgar period (12 -14 centuries), weapons of the Peasant War of 1773-74, clothes and national decorations of the Tatars, Russians, Udmurts, Mari).

Yelabuga. Damn town. In the background on the left is the Cathedral of the Savior.

Among the architectural monuments of Yelabuga - Elabuga (Devil's) ancient settlement on the site of the ancient Bulgarian city, which has preserved the remains of three lines of fortifications; Kazan Bogoroditsky Monastery (1868), Great Spassky Cathedral, Nikolskaya, Pokrovskaya and Trinity Church (first third of the 19th century). Among the monuments of civil architecture is the building of the Diocesan School, built in 1898-1903.

Not far from Yelabuga is the Ananyinsky burial ground, which gave its name to a whole stage in the history of the Finno-Ugric peoples of the Early Iron Age (7-3 centuries BC).

Tetyushi

Tetyushi, a regional center in Tataria, 180 km south of Kazan. Located on the Volga, on the banks of the Kuibyshev reservoir (pier), 45 km east of the Bua railway station on the Kazan-Ulyanovsk line. The population is 10.9 thousand people (1992; 4.8 thousand in 1897; 4.8 thousand in 1926; 10.4 thousand in 1979).
It was founded in 1574-78 (according to other sources, in 1555-57) as the Tetyush outpost. In 1781 it was appointed a county town of the Kazan viceroy (from 1796 - a province). At the end of the XIX century. in T. there were 4 churches and a mosque, a district school, a women's school, a Tatar school for boys, a Tatar women's madrasah, a zemstvo hospital, an almshouse, and an orphanage were opened. The main occupations of the inhabitants were the trade in bread, fishing, maintenance of the pier. 2 fairs were held annually. In modern T.: combines - dairy, meat, bakery products; plants - fish, brewery, mixed fodder, mechanical (a branch of the Kazan helicopter); enterprises of the woodworking industry (furniture factory, etc.); brick factory, etc. Museum of local lore. Among the ancient buildings of T., the Cathedral of the Kazan Mother of God (former Trinity, 1773) has been preserved.
The artist M. V. Kupriyanov, one of the leaders of the creative community of Kukryniksy, was born in T.

NURLAT, a regional center in Tataria, 268 km southeast of Kazan. Located on the river Kondurcha (Volga basin). Railway station on the line Ulyanovsk - Chelyabinsk. Airport. The population is 25.0 thousand people (1992; 18.3 thousand in 1979).
City - since 1961. N. - the center of an agricultural region with industry focused on the processing of local raw materials. Sugar, mixed fodder, repair and mechanical plants; meat and dairy plants.

Menzelinsk

Menzelinsk, a regional center in Tataria, 292 km east of Kazan. Located in the Kama region, on the low bank of the river. Menzel, 65 km east of the Krugloe Pole railway station on the Agryz-Akbash line. Airport. The population is 15.2 thousand people (1992; 7.5 thousand in 1897; 7.5 thousand in 1926; 17.4 thousand in 1979).
Founded in 1584-86. In 1781 it received the status of a county town in the Ufa province. At the end of XIX - beginning of XX centuries. there were 6 churches, a mosque, a convent, a zemstvo hospital, a women's gymnasium, a city school, etc.; The Menzelinsky Fair was known far beyond the borders of the province. Modern Moscow is the center of an agricultural region with enterprises processing local raw materials. Exploration drilling department. Drama Theater.
Moscow is the birthplace of the surgeon Academician VN Shamov. The Tatar poet Musa Jalil studied in Moscow.

MENDELEEVSK, a regional center in Tataria, 238 km east of Kazan. Located in the Kama region, 4 km from the Quiet Mountains pier (on the Kama), 70 km south of the Mozhga railway station on the Kazan - Agryz line, 15 km from the Tikhonovo railway station on the Agryz - Bugulma line. The population is 20.1 thousand people (1992; 13.8 thousand in 1979).
M. grew up near a chemical plant founded in the middle of the 19th century. and reconstructed during the years of Soviet power; until 1967 - the village of Bondyuzhsky. Renamed in honor of D. I. Mendeleev, who worked here at a chemical plant. Modern Moscow has a chemical plant and a plant for the production of mineral fertilizers.
Near Moscow - oil production.

Mamadysh

Mamadysh, a regional center in Tataria, 167 km east of Kazan. Located in the Kama region, on the right bank of the river. Vyatka (a tributary of the Kama), 80 km southeast of the Kukmor railway station on the Kazan-Yekaterinburg line. Population 12.7 thousand people (1992).
According to legend, the city got its name after the name of the first settler - the Volga Tatar, who moved here from the city of Bulgar, devastated by Tamerlane. Under Tsar Mikhail Fedorovich, Russian settlers appeared in M., who called M. Trinity Village. In 1781 it received the status of a county town. In modern Moscow: a cotton factory, shoe production, and other enterprises.

Leninogorsk, in Tataria, republican subordination, regional center, 322 km south-east of Kazan. It is located on the slopes of the Bugulma-Belebeev Upland. Railway station (Pismyanka) on the line Akbash - Naberezhnye Chelny. The population is 64.1 thousand people (1992; 53.1 thousand in 1979).
The emergence of a working settlement on the site of the village of Novaya Pismyanka is associated with the discovery in 1948 and the development of the Romashkinskoye oil field. City of Leningrad - since 1955. Modern Leningrad is one of the centers of oil and gas production. Factories: "Autospecial equipment", automation. Production of building materials. Faculty of the State Academy of Oil and Gas. Museum of the History of Tatar Oil. Showroom.

Laishevo

LAISHEVO, an urban-type settlement, a regional center in Tataria, 62 km southeast of Kazan. Located on the banks of the Kuibyshev reservoir. The population is 6.9 thousand people (1989; 3.7 thousand in 1897; 3.8 thousand in 1926; 6.5 thousand in 1979).
In 1781, the county town of Laishev was formed in the Kazan governorate. Since 1926 - a rural settlement, since 1950 - an urban-type settlement.

ZAINSK, in Tataria, republican subordination, regional center, 287 km east of Kazan. Located in the Kama region, on the river. Stepnoy Zai (a tributary of the Kama), near the railway station of the same name on the Agryz - Bugulma line, on the Almetyevsk - Naberezhnye Chelny highway, 55 km southwest of the Naberezhnye Chelny pier. The population is 38.5 thousand people (1992; 30.0 thousand in 1979).
It was founded in 1652-56 as a border fortress on the Zakamskaya line - the military line from the Volga to the mouth of the river. Hic. Until 1978, the village of Novy Zai, then the city of Z. In modern Z.: the KamAZ auto-aggregate plant, a plant for reinforced concrete structures, and a plant for experimental modular metal structures; construction plant; food enterprises (sugar factory, etc.). GRES. Lespromkhoz.

Bulgar

Bulgar, Bolgar, a regional center in Tataria, 140 km south of Kazan. Located in the Volga region, on the banks of the Kuibyshev reservoir (pier), 100 km north of the Cherdakly railway station on the Ulyanovsk-Ufa line. Airport. The population is 8.4 thousand people (1992; 2.8 thousand in 1897; 3.5 thousand in 1926; 8.2 thousand in 1979).
It was formed in 1781 on the Volga under the name Spassk - from the village of Spassk (Chertykovo). It served as a transshipment point for agricultural goods (mainly rye, rye flour, buckwheat, oats) for neighboring cities. At the end of the XIX century. in Spassk there was a church, a hospital, an almshouse, 3 schools, and a bank. In 1926-35 - Spassk-Tatarsky, in 1935-91 - Kuibyshev. Present-day B. is the center of an agricultural region; food-processing enterprises (meat-packing plants, etc.) predominate.
To the south of present-day Bulgaria is the settlement of Bolgar (Bulgar), the ancient capital of the Volga-Kama Bulgaria (X-XIV centuries). Stone and brick structures of the 12th-14th centuries have been preserved, including a multi-column cathedral mosque, the so-called Black Chamber (cubic domed building of the 14th century), mausoleums, the White and Red Chambers (public baths), the Christian temple of the Armenian colony. Architectural and archaeological museum-reserve.

BUINSK, a regional center in Tataria, 137 km southwest of Kazan. Located in the Volga region, on the left bank of the river. Karla (left tributary of the Sviyaga river). Railway station (Bua) on the line Ulyanovsk - Sviyazhsk. Road junction (Kazan - Ulyanovsk, etc.). The population is 17.2 thousand people (1992; 4.2 thousand in 1897; 4.7 thousand in 1926; 15.5 thousand in 1979).
The first chronicle mention refers to 1691. In 1780 it received the status of a county town of the Simbirsk governorship. Since 1830, autumn and winter fairs have been held annually. By the end of the XIX century. in B. - a stone cathedral and a stone chapel, a wooden mosque, a Tatar madrasah; the county school was opened; there were 2 tanneries, 5 brick, pottery and other factories, 6 flour mills. Since 1922, a tannery, a steam mill, and a blacksmith and locksmith workshop have been put into operation.
In modern B.: an electromechanical plant; tape weaving and cotton factories; food-flavoring enterprises (meat-packing plant, butter-and-cheese-making, yeast and sugar plants, shag factory) industry. There are (after restoration) the Trinity Church and the mosque.

Arsk

Arsk, an urban-type settlement, a regional center in Tataria, 65 km northeast of Kazan. Located on the river Kazanka (a tributary of the Volga). Railway station on the line Kazan - Izhevsk. Road junction. The population is 13.7 thousand people (1989; 1.2 thousand in 1897; 2.6 thousand in 1926; 11.5 thousand in 1979). Founded according to legend by Batu Khan in the 13th century. In 1552, by decree of Ivan the Terrible, a voivode with archers was sent to A., in 1606 A. became a fortress.
In 1781, the county town of A. was formed; in 1775, it was left to the state. Since 1926 - a rural settlement, since 1938 - an urban-type settlement.

AZNAKAEVO, in Tataria, republican subordination, regional center, 376 km from Kazan. It is located in the Kama region, on the slopes of the Bugulma-Belebeev Upland, 34 km north of the Yutaza railway station on the Ulyanovsk-Ufa line. The population is 34.3 thousand people (1992; 25.8 thousand in 1979).
City - since 1987. In A. - enterprises of building materials and the food industry, a car repair plant.
Near A. - oil and gas production.

AGRYZ, a regional center in Tataria, 304 km east of Kazan. Located at the foot of the Sarapul Upland, on the banks of the river. Agryzka (Volga basin). A large transport hub of railway lines to Kazan, Yekaterinburg, Izhevsk. Airport. The population is 19.4 thousand people (1992; 20.3 thousand in 1959; 18.9 thousand in 1979).
It was founded as a settlement in connection with the construction of the Kazan-Yekaterinburg railway. City - since 1938. A. - the center of an agricultural region. Railway transport enterprises, brick factory.

The Russian Federation, in addition to Russian cities, includes various republics of other nationalities. These include Tatarstan, whose population consists not only of Tatars. This state has a huge cultural heritage, the study of which is very exciting. The cities of Tatarstan, it would seem, are very different from each other, but at the same time they have a large number of similar features. It is these moments that will be discussed.

About the Republic

Tatarstan is located in the region of the middle Volga region. It belongs to the Volga Federal District. The area of ​​Tatarstan is limited by such regions as Ulyanovsk, Samara, Kirov and Orenburg, as well as the republics of Mari El, Chuvashia, Udmurtia and Bashkiria. The capital of this subject of the Russian Federation is the city of Kazan.

The entire area of ​​Tatarstan is about 68 thousand square kilometers. The total population is 3868.7 thousand people. Among the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, the republic is in seventh place in terms of the number of people living in the territory. The population density of Tatarstan is fifty-seven people per square kilometer. This is well above the national average of 8.57 people per square kilometer.

In ancient times, Finno-Ugric tribes lived on the territory of this subject of the Russian Federation. They were displaced by the Bulgar communities, who were able to create their own state. But their time did not last long - the Mongol-Tatars destroyed everything. The current territory of Tatarstan was part of the Golden Horde. And only after its collapse did the Kazan Khanate appear. Ivan the Terrible included him in the Russian kingdom. After that, the Kazan province was created, which during the revolutions was renamed the Tatar Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. With the collapse of the Soviet Union, the republic acquired a new name - Tatarstan.

About settlements and main nationalities of the republic

The number of settlements, in addition to the million-plus city of Kazan, includes twenty-six more cities. Three of them (Naberezhnye Chelny, Nizhnekamsk, Almetyevsk) have more than 100 thousand inhabitants. More than 50 thousand live in such settlements as Zelenodolsk, Bugulma, Yelabuga, Leninogorsk, Chistopol. The Republic of Tatarstan is incredibly multinational. Its population is diverse. It has more than 173 nationalities. Among them:

• Tatars (about 53.2% of the total population);
• Russians (39.7%);
• Chuvash (3.1%);
• Udmurts (0.6%);
• Bashkirs (0.36%);
• other nationalities (less than 3.1%).

The population by regions shows that the percentage of Tatars in almost all regions is slightly less than that of Russians.

Kazan is the heart of the republic

The capital of any state is its pride. The same can be said about Kazan. The origin of this city is as ancient as the origin of the Republic of Tatarstan itself. Not without reason, in the Old Slavic times, the territory of the subject of the Russian Federation was called the "Kazan Khanate".

Kazan is the pearl of the Republic of Tatarstan, the population supports the preservation of cultural heritage with all its might, but at the same time it brings modern features to the image of the city. Today, the settlement is a modern center that has not lost its former grandeur at all.

A little more than a million people live on the territory of Kazan. This is the largest city in the republic. It is predominantly populated by Russians and Tatars (approximately 48% and 47% respectively). Other nationalities are relatively rare. That is why two directions prevail in religious views: Orthodox Christianity and Sunni Islam.

Distinctive features of other cities of the republic

In addition to the million-plus city, there are other noteworthy settlements on the territory of Tatarstan. For example, Naberezhnye Chelny. During the Soviet Union, this city was the leading city in the country in terms of the production of KamAZ trucks. It was this event that turned an ordinary small town into a progressive center. In that era, the city was even renamed Brezhnev, but somehow this decision did not take root. The administration had to return the former name.

Another very interesting city is Almetyevsk. This is the oldest settlement in the Republic of Tatarstan, whose population is a valuable bearer of the traditions and legends of the former Kazan Khanate. At the same time, Nizhnekamsk is the youngest city in the republic. But, surprisingly, it is in third place after Kazan and Naberezhnye Chelny in terms of the number of inhabitants.

In addition to these cities, there are other noteworthy settlements. All of them, even in the photo, have some kind of elusive similarity in buildings, streets and other little things. But at the same time, the difference between these cities is also felt.

Finally

Tatarstan is one of the ten largest subjects belonging to the Russian Federation. The beauty of its capital does not deteriorate over the years. The city is getting better and better. The population mainly consists of Russians and Tatars, so it will not be difficult for those wishing to visit this glorious republic to communicate with the locals. And their friendliness and hospitality will impress anyone.

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Books

• Kazan (with a map), L. Abdullin, A. Gabidullin. A detailed map is placed in the patch pocket on the cover, with which you can easily navigate the city without a navigator and the Internet. The guide contains 8 routes and 12 maps. Capital…
• Kazan Between East and West, Suprunenko Yu. The well-known geographer, writer and local historian Yu.…