What you need to know when renting a home. Rules for renting an apartment. The procedure for mandatory verification when renting housing

In order to save money, many refuse the services of real estate agencies and look for them on their own. To avoid possible risks and not to fall for scammers, you need to know the intricacies of choosing an apartment and drawing up a contract.

How to quickly find the best quality and price option

If you want to find a respectable owner, ask relatives and friends if someone rents an apartment.

Do not rush to submit an ad on the Internet yourself - scammers may come out. Clearly draw up the requirements for the property and price range, and choose an apartment among the ads on the city's forums and in periodicals.

Compare all the offers in this category of apartments to understand the price range. For example, for how much you can rent a one-room apartment, depending on:

location;
area;
repair;
environment.

Go to the analysis of ads by all factors. It is better to make a list in advance of what you need in the apartment, and a separate list of characteristics - in which you are ready to compromise.

Mistakes at the stage of choosing a property

Find an apartment in good location By affordable price – difficult task because there is a risk of being deceived. In order not to waste time, it is necessary to weed out unprofitable offers at the stage of finding an apartment.

Take a look at the ad itself:

Photos must be real, not staged design shots.
If the price is greatly underestimated, this means that the shortcomings of the apartment are silent.
A laudatory description may point to scammers.
Give preference to advertisements in periodicals, rather than signs on poles.
Avoid ads where the owner lists a move to another country or a long business trip as the reason for renting.
Do not rent an apartment whose owner requires a deposit or offers an installment plan.

During a telephone conversation, the owner must provide all the information of interest, and not insist on an immediate meeting.

Where to choose an apartment

The area plays no less important role than the state inside. When choosing the location of the apartment, go out of your own needs: it should be close to work, relatives or a place of study.

Consider lifestyle and needs - someone will like a noisy center with bars and discos, someone - a quiet cozy area outside the city.

If you have children, pay attention to the presence of good schools, playgrounds and kindergartens nearby.

When choosing an area, pay attention to the following:

Ecology- find out if there are factories and enterprises nearby that emit harmful gases into the atmosphere.
Safety- Avoid crime areas where patrol cars and police officers are rarely seen.
Transport fork– there should be stops near the house public transport. Check if they are located near the house runways and railroad
Developed infrastructure– a huge advantage will be a market, a supermarket, cozy cafes and recreation parks.

How to inspect an apartment

Before you enter the apartment, carefully inspect the outside of the house.

Pay attention to the presence of cracks, the condition of the roof, the lighting in the entrance, the presence of an intercom and an elevator. A dirty, unkempt entrance will indicate dysfunctional and uneconomic neighbors.

If there is a fungus in the entrance and dampness or high humidity is felt, flooding often occurs in the house.

The first thing to do when renting an apartment is to talk to the neighbors in order to identify the owner of the apartment.

For official confirmation, you can resort to the following actions:

Creating an electronic application in the system - for this you need to go to the official portal of Rosreestr, fill out a form, indicating the address of the object and the type of statement, as well as personal data. After paying for the service, information about the real owners of the apartment will be sent to your address. This information is for informational purposes only and has no legal force. For official data, please contact the regional authorities. This service will cost 150 rubles.
An appeal to the Housing Office, which stores all information about the owners living in the territory under their control. Such appeals are rarely crowned with success - ZhEK reserves the right not to distribute personal information about the residents.
Communicate with the precincts and the police. Scammers are rarely found, but law enforcement agencies keep "black lists" that contain information about scammers and addresses of apartments that become objects of scams.
Contacting the services of a notary is a last resort, as it requires additional costs. The notary has the right to receive information on the request for ownership.
The Tax Service stores data about the subject, which regularly pays property tax. A significant disadvantage of this method is that a serious reason is required to file an appeal.

You can also identify a dishonorable owner when personal communication- he will uncertainly answer uncomfortable questions, hurry up when inspecting the apartment, convince you of how profitable the deal is. He will also reduce the cost of rent, and avoid questions about his place of residence.

Advice! When communicating with the owner, mention that you have previously encountered scammers and contacted law enforcement agencies. This will scare away unscrupulous owners.

List of documents to check:

Passport of the landlord or other documents that confirm his identity.
Checks from ZhEKa for payment of utility bills.
Information from the tax office on the payment of property tax.
Notarized documents that confirm the ownership of the leased object. Most often, this is a contract for the sale of housing.
real estate, which indicates the state accounting of living space.
Confirmation in writing from all residents that are registered in the house that they have nothing against renting the apartment and agree with the provisions of the contract.

Main risks

In order not to fall for the tricks of scammers, it is important to take precautions in time.

Main risks:

Renting an apartment to several clients at once - to insure yourself against unexpected guests, persuade the owner of the apartment to change the lock on the front door before moving in. The lock must be changed while both parties are present.
Renting someone else's apartment - sometimes scammers rent an apartment for one day, and then re-let it for several months. To prevent this from happening, always ask for documents for an apartment and talk to your neighbors before drawing up a contract.
Prepayment for the inspection of the apartment - you find a suitable advertisement, and the owner invites you to the office by phone, where a small amount is required for a preliminary inspection of the apartment. At the specified time, the person does not come, and the office moves to another location.
Claims for the right to tenancy by relatives - after renting an apartment, other owners (grandmothers, children, grandchildren) may visit who will oppose the right to reside. When submitting documents, please full list tenants that are registered in the apartment and their permission to rent an object.
Creating conditions after which the tenant himself decides to move out of the apartment - carefully inspect the apartment and negotiate the conditions of residence with the owner in advance.

To avoid various schemes scammers, follow these rules:

Always get to know your neighbors and the precinct.
Don't give money up front.
Write down and check the owner's address and home phone number.
Ask a lot of questions about the apartment and about previous residents - the swindler will be nervous and lying.
Require documents from the owner.

Advice! Insist on inspecting the apartment in the evening - scammers work mainly during the day.

How to draw up a lease agreement

When compiling, pay attention to the following points:

Rental period- if it is not specified in the document, this means that either party can terminate the contract at any time.
Rent price– the contract specifies the amount of the regular payment and the method of payment. In the future, this amount may be changed, but not more than once a year.
The contract must be drawn up exclusively in paper form (no oral agreements) in several copies.
Creation of living conditions- the owner is obliged to create all conditions for a favorable stay of the client. If necessary, the contract can specify a clause on the repair work, indicating which of the parties will pay for them.
Responsibilities of the tenant- he must maintain housing in decent shape, pay rent on time and protect property. For failure to fulfill obligations, both the tenant and the landlord may be liable, which consists in paying a fine or terminating the contract.

How to write a property inventory

If you rent an apartment with the property of the landlord, it is important to correctly inventory all items that are in the apartment. The inventory of property is attached to the contract in writing and can be used during the resolution of disputes and conflicts.

The inventory is carried out by both parties: the lessor records the model, condition, quantity and year of manufacture of the item, and the lessee checks its performance and actual condition.

It's no secret that most well-renovated apartments can only be found through realtors, because they have huge bases. Is it possible to find the owner of a good apartment on your own? The video provides tips on independent search plus answers are given to some other questions that arise from those who are looking for an apartment for rent. Answered by Evgenia Skrynnik.

What should be done?

1. Go to the site With big amount advertisements for rental housing in your city. Sort ads by area, price, number of rooms, so you don't have to look through thousands of apartments that don't suit you a priori.

2. The ad can be placed on behalf of the owner, private realtor or agency. In the last two cases, be prepared to pay a commission of 100% of the rental price, less often 50%. Finding out who the author of the ad is often only possible by contacting him.

3. Call or write using the specified contacts, find out the floor and number of storeys of the house, whether the Internet is connected, check whether the rent includes payment for electricity and water supply, how telephone calls will be paid. Typically, tenants pay for these services separately, according to meter readings. Thus, tenants usually pay another 1-2 thousand rubles a month for utilities in addition to the rent. Find out if there is a concierge at the entrance and who will pay for his services.

4. Make an appointment. If you like the apartment, check if it works Appliances. Ask the owner to turn on the microwave, stove (all burners and oven), washing machine, TV.

5. Agree with the owner to replace at least one lock. Thus, you will insure yourself against the risk of being robbed, for example, by previous tenants. Give one key to the new lock to the owner. You can put the key in an envelope, seal it and put your signature on it. When you move out, the landlord, in theory, should show you an unopened envelope.

6. Sign the lease. It must necessarily indicate the obligations and rights of the parties, the lease term, the amount of the monthly payment, list all pieces of furniture and its condition (new or used). Most likely, in addition to the first month of residence, you will have to pay the last month or leave a so-called deposit for furniture and equipment.

7. Be sure to check your receipts whether the owner has debts on utility bills or telephone bills. In the contract, be sure to indicate the meter readings for hot and cold water supply, electricity at the date of conclusion of the contract.

What should not be done?

1. Do not call on the first ad that comes across. First, view all offers, compare conditions and prices.

2. Don't go for the cheapest deal. Most likely, the apartment will be defective: either “killed”, or with dysfunctional neighbors or owners. There is also a risk of falling into the clutches of scammers.

3. Don't pay realtor commission upfront. It is paid simultaneously with the signing of the lease agreement and payment of the rent.

4. Check the documents. Do not sign a lease and do not give money to the landlord if he did not show you the property documents or instead of the originals provided only copies of them (certificate of ownership, utility bills, etc.).

5. Do not agree to a deal if the apartment is rented by proxy, especially if you have doubts about its authenticity.

6. Do not sign a lease if the property is owned by multiple owners, and only one of them is present at the meeting. To rent an apartment, the consent of all owners is required.

7. If you liked the apartment, but you don’t have the full amount to pay the rent, leave a deposit of 1-2 thousand rubles. But be sure to draw up a receipt in which indicate the passport details of both participants in the transaction.

Photo: contrastwerkstatt - Fotolia.com

Articles are not legal advice. Any recommendations are the private opinion of the authors and invited experts.

Renting an apartment is a whole science, and when you first encounter the search for housing, there is a great risk of falling into the hands of scammers. So, what to look for, what documents to check and what should be alarming when renting an apartment.

Renting an apartment is a whole science, and when you first come across a search for housing, there is a great risk of falling into the hands of scammers. So, what to look for, what documents to check and what should be alarming when renting an apartment.
Study the prices in the rental housing market
Did you find an ad offering an apartment for 25 thousand rubles in the center of Moscow with a good repair? Forget about her, she doesn't exist. You call the specified phone number and there, most likely, they will say that it has already been passed, but you can consider another great option. It will be an apartment more expensive than the indicated price and much worse. So unscrupulous realtors lure customers.

To understand which rental price is adequate and which is suspiciously cheap,. Analyze rental ads in the area you are interested in, call the indicated numbers to check the reality of the apartments, and after a few hours you will already understand that for 25-30 thousand rubles within Garden Ring you will not remove anything decent, but in residential areas it is possible.

Don't fall for the tricks of scammers
In 95% of cases, you will still have to deal with a realtor. Even if you are looking for housing yourself, it is almost certain that the agent will be from the owner. There are scammers who, pretending to be realtors, offer to see an apartment for money (the apartment is simply gorgeous and you definitely want to rent it) or they offer you to buy a database of owners who rent apartments (then you can conclude a contract directly and you won’t have to pay a commission to a realtor). Of course, this is all a lie.
Also, do not cooperate with agents who show you fake photos, but in reality the apartments are completely different. If he is unscrupulous in this matter, he can deceive in another.

Check owner documents
When you liked the apartment and you already think that you have found the one, be sure to ask for the documents. You need to check the certificate of ownership of the apartment, passport and utility bills.
- Certificate of ownership
What to look for? Firstly, the data in this document and in the passport must match. Secondly, this way you make sure that you are really the owner of the home. Anyone can show an apartment - a realtor, a neighbor, a relative, but you need to sign an agreement only with the owner, or with a person who has a notarized power of attorney from the owner. Otherwise, the day after you celebrate the housewarming will come real owner apartments and just kick you out. And you will lose all the money already paid.
Also pay attention to the number of owners. If there are several of them, then it is necessary to require written consent from all owners to rent out the apartment. The consequences will be about the same - for example, the ex-wife will come, say that no one asked her, and give one day to move out. This is almost certainly a collusion between them, because they will get all your money.
- Utility bills
Look at the receipts for information about the debt for previous months. If it is, then demand to pay off the debt. At some point, either the owner will want to attribute this amount to you, or, if it is a large debt, utilities will begin to threaten to cut off your services.

Take a closer look at the apartment

This is one more step before the conclusion of the contract. It is necessary to check everything in the apartment - whether household appliances are working, whether the tap is flowing, whether the legs of the sofa or the armrests of the chair are broken. All information about the condition of the apartment must be registered in the act of acceptance and transfer of property. Often, in a hurry, realtors or the owners themselves write the standard wording "in fair condition" or "in good condition." It is better to fix everything meticulously so that later you are not required to reimburse the cost of the initially scratched laminate.

It doesn’t matter if a realtor concludes a contract or you have taken a typical one from the Internet, do not be too lazy to study it carefully. In the contract, you need to check the full name and passport details of the owner of the housing, the address of the apartment, indicate the rental period and cost, the conditions for reviewing the housing fee, the conditions and procedure early termination contracts and penalties, and even the number of visits by the owner. So, if you forget about this item, then the owner will be able to easily come to you at least every day, supposedly with a check. You are unlikely to stand it and decide to move out, which means that sanctions will be imposed on you for terminating the contract. Or, if you verbally say that you will live with a cat, but do not write this down in the contract, one day this can become the reason for your eviction. And do not forget about the most detailed description of the property in the appendix to the contract - the act of acceptance and transfer

Assess the suitability of the owner

Whatever one may say, in any case, you will need to communicate with the owner. Let's say you transfer payment to a card, but ... the tap broke, a letter arrived in the mailbox, the neighbors offer to chip in at the barrier. Yes, and the number of visits can be limited in the contract, but not the number of calls. Some grandmothers who rent apartments consider it their duty to worry too obsessively about tenants. All this can be understood when meeting with the owners and weigh whether you can put up with it.

Pay the first month, deposit, commission

You need to understand that when renting an apartment, you should immediately prepare three amounts - payment for the first month, a deposit and a commission to the realtor.
You pay the deposit to the landlord, usually equal to the monthly rent. Some owners agree to split the payment over two months. A pledge is a kind of protection for the owner, because he can also be deceived. What if you take all the equipment and move out of the apartment or ruin all the furniture? The deposit is either returned at the end of the rental period (if nothing is damaged), or by agreement you can live the last month on account of this amount.
The commission goes to the realtor and you pay it. Usually, only when renting an expensive apartment, the owner pays the agent. The amount can be different - as 10% of the rental price per month, and 100%.

Information on the rules for renting an apartment on long term relevant due to the fact that the real estate rental market is not immune from the actions of fraudsters, and any participant in the transaction: the owner of the living space or the tenant may become a victim of dishonest schemes of swindlers.

The bigger locality, the more likely it is to face fraud when renting apartments, and Moscow, which annually receives thousands of visitors who settle in a new workplace, is no exception. Immersed in the search for a removable

housing, you can come across dishonest hands of the owner or realtor, as well as enterprising swindlers.

And it is important for tenants to learn to distinguish fraudulent actions by certain signs:

Scheme of deception - sale of information from the real estate database occurs very often. On the Internet or in a real estate office, you can find an offer for a certain amount to obtain information from a closed housing database according to the criteria of interest to the client. Cheap real estate services look attractive, but in reality the information being sold is irrelevant, and a person looking for rented apartments loses money and time;
Phone scammers, taking advantage of the gullibility of people, send out SMS - messages with offers to get access to the options for renting housing of interest, indicating their consent to the specified number phone with a reply message. You should not trust such offers, since funds are debited from the balance, and you won’t wait for the information, all the more relevant;
information office posing as a real estate company is no less dangerous in terms of wasting time and money. Intermediary services are cleverly disguised as "legal frameworks". The client in such an "agency" is offered for a moderate fee (half the standard fee to the realtor accompanying the transaction) is invited to conclude an agreement under which the client receives the addresses of the apartments for rent. The apparent benefit is due to independent viewing and the conclusion of the transaction. In the presence of a client, the “agent” negotiates with the landlords about viewing, and he trustfully signs an act that the obligations under the contract have been fulfilled and pays for the service. The relevance of the information provided and paid for is far from reality: either the apartments have already been rented out, or the rental price is significantly higher than indicated in the "agency".
Illegal sublease. Entrepreneurial swindlers can bypass the owner to re-rent rented housing. The scheme is based on the carelessness of the majority of citizens who do not check documents for an apartment with landlords;
Another variant of the occurring frauds - multiple housing rental when criminals shamelessly manage to rent out an apartment to several gullible clients, giving out the keys to the coveted certificates;
Scheme of deception from the owner - survive tenant who paid for a certain time of residence without financial losses for himself ahead of schedule under any pretext prescribed in the standard contract:
1. damage to property;
2. complaints of neighbors about noise, unsanitary conditions;
3. delay in payment for three days;
4. use of square meters for other purposes.
The owner diligently creates unbearable living conditions for the tenant, conspiring with neighbors, homeless people, provoke utility accidents, thereby trying to get the tenant to move out;
There is little pleasure in renting an apartment when it rented bypassing relatives. A tenant, when such a fact is revealed, in addition to a natural scandal, can be evicted, since the contract without the consent of all owners is invalid. Possibility of enlargement rent taking into account the interests of the co-owner of the apartment;
Apartment renovation at the expense of tenants. The contract is concluded for a year, for example, with a subsequent prolongation. The rental price is set low. Tenants, convinced of the long-term residence, carry out repairs (glue wallpaper, paint, whitewash, change outdated communications). But when the repair in the apartment is completed, the unscrupulous landlord terminates the contract and evicts people. Even after the compensation of the deposit and commission to the agent, the savings on repairs for the owner are significant;
The current level of technology development has “enriched” dishonest housing scammers with a new sophisticated way of deception as falsification of original documents. Swindlers can work in pairs, when one acts as the owner, providing fake documents, and the other supposedly "realtor" checks their authenticity.

How to rent a house for a long time

By and large, the rental housing market has not yet emerged from the shadows. And most of the apartments are rented semi-officially: the parties agree without registering the transaction, so that the owner does not have a formal obligation to rent. Real estate experts recommend signing a contract. Even in simple written form, the document legally protects the parties. An additional guarantee is a transaction made in the presence of an experienced realtor with a letterhead and company seal.

Basic rules for choosing an apartment for renting:

Ask the person showing the apartment for review the originals of all important documents:
1. certificate(s) of ownership;
2. apartment passport;
3. lessor's passport;
4. a valid power of attorney for the right to rent housing from co-owners.
For additional insurance, you need to ask and read the paid utility bills in order to avoid the trouble associated with the owner's debt.

Basic rules for drawing up a rental agreement

When signing the contract, the tenant should have the following documents in his hands when renting an apartment: a copy of the contract with the signatures of the parties, an act of acceptance and transfer of the leased object and a receipt for receiving the money from the owner.

At the time of the transaction, you should be extremely careful, somewhat boring, in order to thoroughly understand all the points on the documents, living conditions and payment. And it is desirable to fix each payment in the future by dates signed by the parties.

And remember that a professional realtor will not take money in advance, and guarantees the result at all stages, from finding a rented apartment to concluding an agreement between the owner and the tenant, as he carries out a thorough check of documents when renting an apartment. Payment for the services of an honest intermediary in the real estate market occurs after the performance of his services to the customer.

An independent search for housing for rent using ads in the press or on real estate websites requires maximum attention to all the nuances so as not to become a victim of scammers who rely on the inexperience of visitors, their gullibility and carelessness.

To avoid fraud when renting an apartment, you should concentrate as much as possible on the upcoming transaction and compliance with the rules for renting an apartment for a long time.