The largest lakes in Russia. Number of lakes in Russia
Most large lakes Russia January 14th, 2012
The lakes of Russia are one of the national treasures of our Motherland. They can be large and small, freshwater and salty, deep and shallow. Let's figure out what the largest lakes in Russia and why!
The Caspian Sea is
the largest lake
Not only in Russia, but throughout the world. It is located on the border of Asia and Europe and washes the shores of 5 countries (Kazakhstan, Russia, Iran, Azerbaijan and Turkmenistan). The area of the Caspian Sea is approximately 371,000 square kilometers, with a maximum depth of 1025 meters. The waters of this lake are salty. According to one theory, the Caspian Sea got its name thanks to the ancient tribes - the Caspians, who lived in the southwest of the coast.
This is the deepest (about 1640 meters) lake of our planet, located in eastern Siberia. The area of Baikal is more than 31,700 square kilometers and it is the largest reservoir fresh water(90% of Russia's fresh water reserves). It is also worth noting that the waters of this lake are unusually clean and transparent, and in ancient times they were considered healing.
Ladoga lake lies in the area Leningrad region and Karelia. Its area is more than 17.6 thousand square kilometers, and most great depth- 230 meters, it is one of the largest freshwater lakes in Europe. 35 rivers flow into Lake Ladoga, and the Neva originates. It is home to about 60 species of fish, half of which are of industrial importance.
This lake is located on the territory of Karelia, Vologda and Leningrad regions. Square Lake Onega- about 9,700 square kilometers, with the greatest depth - 127 meters. "Onego-father" - this is how the people call this lake, it is famous clean water and many historical monuments located on its banks.
Taimyr Lake is located in the Krasnoyarsk Territory on the Taimyr Peninsula and is the northernmost lake in the world. Most year, this lake is covered with ice. Due to fluctuations in the water level, the area of this lake can vary, and reach 4,560 square kilometers, and the maximum depth can reach 26 meters. The flora of Taimyr is represented by arctic fish species.
This lake is located on Far East Russia and borders on China. The greatest depth of Lake Khanka is about 11 meters, and the area is 4,070 square kilometers. Due to its location, it attracts a large number of tourists who can get acquainted with the culture and customs of two countries at once. About 75 species of fish live in the waters of this lake, and even some of them are listed in the Red Book of the Russian Federation.
Chany is a salt lake located in Novosibirsk region. The area of the lake, according to various sources, varies from 1400 to 2000 square kilometers, and its greatest depth is 7 meters. There have been legends about this lake for a long time, one of which says that a huge snake lives in it, devouring people and cattle. Of course, there is no scientific evidence and information for this, perhaps this is just a legend created to attract tourists.
This lake is in Vologda region. The area of this lake can fluctuate, mainly due to low banks, and amount to about 1,284 square kilometers. Average depth White Lake- is about 5-7 meters, but due to underwater holes - it can reach up to 10-12 meters. This lake is home to about 29 species of fish, making it a "paradise" for fishermen.
Topozero - is located in the north of Karelia, in the Loukhsky district. The lake has a winding coastline, and its area is 986 square kilometers, with a maximum depth of up to 56 meters. Topozero is a favorite place for kayakers, and especially for fishermen.
This lake is located in the Novgorod region of Russia. The area of Lake Ilmen is 982 square kilometers, but depending on the water level - may vary. Its maximum depth can reach up to 10 meters. Many legends are associated with the name of this lake, among which there is a myth about the Scythian princes Ruse and Slovene, who named this lake in honor of their sister, Ilmera.
This is not the whole list of lakes located on the vast territory of our Motherland.
This list of 50 breathtakingly beautiful lakes will surely add to your knowledge and broaden your horizons! This is a list of the most famous lakes in the world, but some may not be familiar to you.
Lake Victoria - Lake Victoria
69485 km2 (26828 sq mi). The largest lake in Africa. It is a border lake, and.
Lake Tanganyika - Lake Tanganyika
32,893 km2 (12,700 sq mi). The lake is not only the 6th largest lake in the world, but it is also the second deepest lake in the world at 1,470 m (4,820 ft) and the longest lake in the world at 676 km (420 miles). Lake Tanganyika is divided between four countries - Tanzania, Democratic Republic Congo, Burundi, Zambia.
Moraine Lake, Canada - Moraine Lake
Lake Pinatubo, Philippines - Lake Pinatubo
Formed only recently (in 1991) after the monsoon, this crater lake sits atop Mount Pinatubo, active volcano in the Philippines.
Lake Annette, Canada - Lake Annette
Laguna Colorada, Bolivia - Wikiwand Laguna Colorada, Bolivia
Located 4,200 meters above sea level in southwestern Bolivia, Laguna Colorada gets its bright red color from pigment deposits and algae beneath its surface. This is an extremely shallow lake. medium depth 50 cm
Plitvice Lakes, Croatia /
Located in Croatia, the Plitvice Lakes are actually 16 separate bodies of water, and are divided into upper and lower basins of natural dams made up of moss and algae.
Spotted Lake or Kliluk (Spotted Lake), Canada
In Osoyoos, British Columbia, a natural phenomenon, covering an area of 38 acres, is a lake with one of the highest concentrations of minerals in the world.
Dead Sea, Jordan /
The name can be deceiving - in fact, this is the deepest hypermineralized lake in the world. It has a salt concentration 8 times that of the ocean, making it extremely difficult to drown.
Sheosar Lake, Pakistan
Lake of Deosai National Park, in the alpine steppe of the Tibetan Plateau.
Riffelsee, Switzerland
The Riffelsee is an incredible view of a mirrored surface with the Matterhorn in the background.
Peyto Lake, Canada
Peyto Lake is a glacial lake in Banff National Park in the Canadian Rockies. Bill Peyto belongs to the category of colored lakes. The lake has a bright turquoise color, due to the large amount of icy mountain flour sliding into the lake.
Lake Solbjornvannet, Norway
Mirror Lake, California - Mirror Lake - small seasonal lake at Tenaya Creek Canyon in Yosemite National Park USA.
New Zealand also has Mirror Lake, which has amazing reflective properties, like a mirror. It is one of the great lakes of Asia: Issyk-Kul (Kyrgyzstan), Uhua-Khai (China), Inle (Myanmar), Biwa (Japan), Tonle Sap (Cambodia) and Lake Toba in Sumatra (Indonesia).
Horseshoe Lake, Canada - Horseshoe Lake
emerald lake, Canada - Emerald Lake
Lake Plastiras, Greece - Lake Plastira - Lake Plastiras, Greece
An artificial lake in Greece holds up to 400 million cubic liters of fresh water and is one of the highest in Europe.
Mystic Lake, Montana - Mystic Lake
The largest lake in the Beartooth Mountains of Montana offers several world famous hiking trails and incredible views.
Yamdrok Tso Lake, Tibet - Yamdrok Tso Lake
This lake in Tibet has over 72 km of peaks and is surrounded by snowy mountains.
Lake Malawi, Tanzania - Lake Malawi / Malawi and Mozambique (Malawi and Mozambique) 30044 km2 (11600 square miles). The lake is divided between Tanzania, Mozambique and Malawi. Africa's second deepest lake, this tropical reservoir has more species fish than any other lake on Earth.
Lake Louise, Canada
Lake Isabella, Colorado - Lake Isabelle, Colorado
A popular tourist destination, Isabel Lake is an incredible view of the Navajo and Apache peaks.
Crater Lake, Oregon - Crater Lake, Oregon
Barclay Lake, Washington - Barclay Lake, Washinton
Mono Lake, California - Mono Lake
This shallow desert lake of California's Mono County was formed over 760,000 years ago, and has an ecosystem very similar to the Colorada Lagoon.
ancient underground lake reed flute, China - Reed Flute Cave. This is a limestone cave in Guangxi, China. Age over 180 million years. Since the 1940s, it has become famous all over the world because of the colorful caves around the lake.
Loch Rea(Loch RI or Loch Ríbh) - the geographical center of Ireland, the middle mountains. Loch Ree is the second largest lake on the River Shannon after Loch Derg. The other two major lakes are Loch Allen to the north, and Loch Derg to the south. The province of Leinster in County Roscommon Lake is popular with Irish monster legends.
Loch Ness lake(Loch Ness, Scotland) Scotland. Loch Ness (Gaelic: Loch Nis) is the second largest Scottish lake in terms of surface area after Loch Lomond, but due to its great depth, it is the largest lake in Scotland by volume of water. The deep, freshwater Loch in Scotland is located about 23 miles (37 km) southwest of Inverness. The lake is known for its Loch Ness Monster. Also of interest to tourists is Urquhart Castle east of Drumnadrochit, the lighthouses at Lochend (Bona Lighthouse) and Fort Augusta.
Lake Okanagan is a large, deep lake in the Okanagan Valley in British Columbia, Canada. The lake is 135 km long and 4-5 km wide. Its interesting feature is the legend of the Demon Lake Ogopogo or Naitaka, and the famous terraces, which are formed by the periodic lowering of the predecessor, glacial Lake Penticton. The maximum depth of the lake is 232 m in the area of Grant Island (called "Whiskey Island" or "Seagull Island" by the locals)
Lake Labynkyr(Labynkyr Lake), Yakutia
This mystical lake located near the Pole of Cold on the territory of Oymyakon uluss. Legends say that a monster lives deep in the water. It attacks dogs, deer and even humans. History tells how once a monster destroyed an Even caravan.
Lake Kanas(pinyin: Kanasi Hu) in the shape of a crescent is a lake in the Altai Prefecture of Xinjiang Province, China. The lake is located in a valley in the Altai mountains, on the border with, Mongolia and. The lake was formed 200,000 years ago, during the Quaternary period, as a result of the movement of a glacier. The Kanas River, flowing out of the lake, merges with the Hemu River, forming the Burkin River, which itself is a tributary of the Irtysh River. Ethnic Tuvans and Kazakhs live in the Kanas Valley.
Lake Kok-Kol(Kok-Kol lake) Mysterious lake in Zhambyl region, Kazakhstan. From time to time, the mysterious lake makes some strange sounds, and sometimes you can see signs of ripples, as if a huge creature is drifting inside the lake. locals believe that the lake is bottomless. Indeed, when hydrographers measured its depth, they could not find the bottom. But, they discovered many channels. This explains the constant water level, despite the fact that nothing flows from the lake and does not flow into it.
Aral Sea(Kazakh: Aral Tenizі; Mongolian: Aral tengis; Tajik: Bahri Aral; Persian: دریای خوارزم Daryâ- you Khârazm) was a closed lake between Kazakhstan in the north and Uzbekistan in the south. The name translates roughly as "sea of islands" (more than 1100 islands were scattered on its waters). The catchment covers parts of Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan.
Formerly one of the four largest lakes in the world with an area of 68,000 km2 (26,300 sq mi), the Aral Sea has been steadily shrinking since the 1960s after the rivers that fed the lake were redirected based on Soviet irrigation projects. The drying up of the Aral Sea is called "one of the worst environmental disasters on the planet"
Lake Storshen(Swedish pronunciation: Storsjön, lit. "Great Lake") is the fifth largest lake in Sweden, located in the province of Jämtland (Jämtland). From Storsjön flows the river Indalsälven and the lake contains the main island Frösön. The city of Östersund lies on its eastern bank, opposite Frösön. Storsjön is considered to be the birthplace of the sea creatures Storsjöodjuret.
Lake Champlain— Lake Champlain lies directly on Burlington, the border between the US and Canada. At the northern end is the historically interesting Fort Ticonderoga. On Lake Champlain cruises and ferries to Vermont and New York.
Lake Natron is a saline and soda lake in the Arusha region of northern Tanzania. The lake is located near the Kenyan border in the eastern rift branch of the East African wetlands. international importance. Lake Natron is a basin in the Ramsar Valley, fed mainly by central Kenya's rivers and hot springs. The unusual color of the water is created by cyanobacteria. Because of the high evaporation rates, salt-loving microorganisms begin to thrive.
Lake Tahoe, the largest alpine lake North America known for its cobalt blue waters and surrounding snowy peaks. Lake Tahoe is the state border between the states of California and Nevada, and popular resort Sierra Nevada.
Lake Lucerne- among the most beautiful lakes in Switzerland, it stands out with its amazing panorama of the snow-capped peaks of the Alps, such as the Eiger and the Jungfrau. The lake is served by vintage steamboats that have been plying here since the 1800s. In spring, the Lake Lucerne basin is fed by Mineralbad streams from the top of Mount Rigi.
pigeon lake(Dove Lake) in Tasmania, Australia. Serene Dove Lake is a national park attraction near Cradle Mountain. This lake is the home of the legendary Tasmanian Devil.
Lake Como, Italy - Just 45 minutes from bustling Milan. Lake Como is one of the favorite vacation spots of the rich and famous.
Lake Bled- one of the most charming sights of the Old Continent. Lake Bled of the Julian Alps (Slovene: Bled, German: Veldes) is located in Slovenia, near the borders with Italy and Austria.
Lake Synevyr- the biggest and most famous lake Ukrainian Carpathians. The lake is located in the Gorgany mountain range, in the upper reaches of the Terebly River. The lake has its own beautiful legend about lovers.
In the list of the most famous lakes of the world, by right, the unnamed may enter:
- Lake Ohrid in the Balkan Mountains (located between the Republic of Macedonia and Albania)
- Lake Saimaa (Finland)
- Ladoga/Onega/Chudskoe (Russia)
- Balaton (Hungary)
- Annecy (France)
- Garda / Iseo (Italy)
- Wastwater (England)
- Sogne (Norway)
- Killarney (Ireland)
- Hallstattersee (Austria)
- Königsee / Obersi (Germany)
- Jokulsadlon (Iceland)
- Laguna Verde (Bolivia)
- Lençois Maranhenses (Brazil)
- Nakuru (Kenya)
- Tekapo (New Zealand)
- Lagunas Altiplánicas (Chile)
- Laguna Bacalar (Mexico) and many others.
Our Motherland - Russia is rich water resources. These are reserves of clean fresh water, and boundless salty seas and lakes. This article is devoted to the largest lakes in Russia. There are a lot of them, we will highlight the ten main ones. And if you are concerned about the question: what is the most big lake in Russia?, then by carefully examining this TOP, you will receive an answer to it.
1. Caspian Sea
This lake is considered to be the sea, because it has salty waters and huge sizes. It is the largest lake not only in Russia, but also on the whole planet. Five states are located along its banks: Russia, Kazakhstan, Iran, Azerbaijan, Turkmenistan). The territories of Russia washed by this lake are Kalmykia, Dagestan, Astrakhan region. The area of the Caspian Sea is more than 370 thousand square kilometers, and the maximum depth is 1025 meters. It bears its name as a heritage of ancient tribes - the Caspians, who lived in ancient times in the south-west of its coast.
2. Baikal
The second largest lake in Russia. This is the largest freshwater lake. It is located in Eastern Siberia on the territory of Buryatia and Irkutsk region. Baikal is the deepest lake on the planet. Its maximum depth is 1640 meters. The area of this lake is more than 315,000 sq. km., it is the main reservoir of fresh water in Russia (90% of the total reserves). The Angara River flows out of Baikal. The waters of this beautiful lake are clean and fresh. As long as we have something to be proud of.
Located on the territory of the Republic of Karelia and the Leningrad Region, large lake, with an area of 17,600 sq. km, impresses with its beauty and picturesque nature. Lake Ladoga is one of the largest freshwater lakes in Europe, with a maximum depth of 230 meters. 35 are drawn to his bosom major rivers, and the proud Neva flows out of it. Industrial and private fishing flourishes on Lake Ladoga, this is facilitated by the abundance various kinds fish.
4. Lake Onega
freshwater lake on the territory of Karelia, Leningrad and Vologda regions. Numerous monuments of Russian culture are located along its wide banks. Pure water"Onego-fathers", as it is lovingly called by the people, extends over 9616 sq. km and has the greatest depth of 127 meters. The Svir River flows out of the lake.
The lake is spread over Krasnoyarsk Territory on 4560 sq. km. it is located on the peninsula of the same name. Taimyr is the most northern lake Earth. The depth and width of the lake varies depending on the density of the ice and the time of year, but in general the most deep place- 26 meters. Mostly in the Taimyr Lake there are arctic fish species adapted to survive in harsh cold conditions.
6. Khanka
The lake is located in Primorye, on the border with China. A favorite place for tourists who want to visit both the Far East of Russia and China, and get acquainted with the culture and customs of two countries at once, so dissimilar to each other.
The maximum depth of Khanka is 11 meters, and the area is about 4070 sq. km. The lake is rich in its fauna, but many species of fish are listed in the Red Book of the Russian Federation and are prohibited for catching.
Located in the Pskov region. It has an area of 3550 sq. km and the greatest depth - 15 km. The river Narva originates from it.
8. Ubsu Nur
In Tuva, this salty, beautiful lake With unusual name. Its area is 3350 sq. km, and the maximum depth reaches 15 meters.
9. Lake Chany
Salt lake in the Novosibirsk region. There is a legend that a huge snake lives in this lake, which devours people. And what? There is plenty of room to roam. After all, the area of this lake varies, reaching 2000 sq. km, and the depth in some places is 12 meters. And although, perhaps, these are fairy tales for tourists, the lake fascinates with its lively beauty.
10. White Lake
Fresh lake, located in the Vologda region, covers an area of about 1290 square kilometers, reaches a maximum depth of 20 meters, although the shore of the White Lake is rather low and its average depth is 5-7 meters. The Sheksna River flows from its bowels. The lake is rich in fish, and happy fishermen fish up to 30 different species of fish.
We have listed some of the many lakes located on the territory of our country. As you can see, Karelia is the richest area in Russia with lakes. Lucky!
Well, the smallest lake in Russia has not yet bothered to get its name. Apparently, because there are thousands of such lakes in Russia! Someone calls them by the names of the surrounding villages. The official version of the smallest lake is Lake Ertso, on the territory of South Ossetia. Every 3-5 years, the lake completely goes underground, as if it never existed, and after a while it reappears with a solemn look. A kind of "ghost". In high water, it reaches 0.5 sq. km. This is such an unusual lake.
And they are among the largest lakes in the world.
Lake Ladoga is the largest lake in terms of area. The length of the lake is more than 200 km with an average width of 80 km. Its length coastline about 1800 km, that is, 3 times more than the distance between Moscow and. The greatest depth of the lake exceeds 200 m. The shores near the lake are very diverse. The northern one is rocky, processed, all indented with narrow bays that go far into the land. The rest are mostly low and gentle. The lake has over 600 islands. Most of them are located at north coast. The largest of them are Riekkalansari, Mantsinsari, Kilpola, and Valaam. The latter, although the smallest of them, has long been the most famous thanks to the famous Valaam (Preobrazhensky) monastery, which for some time was one of the Russian fortresses. In winter, the lake freezes, and not immediately, but gradually. The winds break open the plots, turning them into chaos from a mixture of supercooled water and broken ice. The ice on the lake is uneven, bumpy, hummocky. Height ice hummocks in some places reaches the height of a five-story building. The lake is released from the ice captivity in the first decade of May. A small part of the broken ice is carried out of the lake by the Neva River into The Gulf of Finland. The lake is also famous for its winds. There are also severe storms. Not without reason, according to the conditions of navigation, Lake Ladoga is equated to the seas. Class "M" ships go on it - sea.
Lake Onega is the second largest in Europe after Lake Ladoga. Compared to Ladoga, its area is about 2 times smaller, but at the same time it is 50 km longer. The lake has a bizarre shape and resembles an unknown monster with several tentacles, one of which resembles a trunk, and the other a crayfish claw. One of the interpretations of the name of the lake claims that the word "onego" in the Old Finnish language means "smoking lake". This name appeared from the frequent, creeping over the lake. And Ladoga is related not only by the fact that they are the largest in Europe and are located not far from each other. The main thing is that they appeared almost simultaneously, after the retreat of the last glaciers. Large tectonic depressions, occupied by the basins of lakes, existed in the pre-glacial period. The advancing glaciers plowed the bottoms of the lake basins, making them more even, and processed the coastal rocks. Thus, according to the method of origin of the basins, the lakes are classified as glacial-tectonic. There are more than one and a half thousand islands within Lake Onega. The shores of most of them are indented with bays and bays, and they themselves are covered with thick. The largest of them are Klimetsky, Suysari. The most famous - Kizhi - is famous for its wooden monuments of folk architecture. Numerous rivers replenish the lake with water. Among them are Shuya, Suna, Andoma, Vytegra. The level of the lake depends on how much water the rivers bring to the basin of the lake. In the spring, when the snow melts, the tributaries become high-water and intensively feed the lake. His level is rising. By the middle of summer, the water level gradually decreases.
Chudsko-Pskovskoe Lake
In terms of size - the third in Europe. Its basin has glacial origin. The retreating glacier left behind a mass of unsorted material - as a result of which a special, hilly-moraine arose. Relief depressions are usually occupied by lakes. Usually these are small and shallow lakes, of a bizarre shape, with low, often swampy shores. The lake is drain. The river Narva flows from it.
Lake Taimyr
Lake Taimyr is the largest lake in northern Siberia. It is shallow. The prevailing depths are about 4 meters. The lake is covered with ice for about nine months of the year. At the same time, most of it freezes to the bottom. The lake is fed by melt waters brought by rivers. The seasonal rise in water level occurs at the end of June. In spring, the water in the lake is cloudy, but by the end of summer it becomes clear.
Lake Baikal
Baikal is one of the most amazing natural objects on our planet. This is the deepest, the largest in terms of volume of fresh water, and the most unique in terms of the uniqueness of the organic world. There is no other body of water on Earth so large, so far from the ocean. The lake basin has tectonic origin, as evidenced by its elongated shape. The maximum length of the lake is 636 km, and the length of the coastline is 2500 km. On the area occupied by Baikal (31.5 thousand sq. Km), such a state as could be accommodated. The maximum depth of the lake is 1940 m. The volume of water is 23 thousand cubic meters. km - about the same amount of water contains. A huge mass of water keeps heat for a long time and does not freeze for a long time. In December, and sometimes in January, individual ice floes still roam the lake. The lake opens in mid-May. The thickness of the ice by this time reaches one meter. In summer, Baikal is harsh and angry. Winds and storms bring a lot of trouble to ship captains and fishermen. Each of the winds has its own name: barguzin, kultuk, gloss, sarma, siver, shelonnik, etc. Baikal surpasses in the number of stormy days. The height of waves during a storm can reach 4 meters. There are legends about Baikal water. Nowhere in the world is there such soft, chemically pure, oxygen-rich and healthy water. The following fact is interesting: the water in Baikal is fresher than the water of the rivers and streams flowing into it. Each liter contains less than 0.1 g of dissolved minerals - calcium, magnesium, silicon. Due to the small amount of impurities, the water in Baikal is the most transparent in the world. The white disk used to determine the transparency of water is visible to a depth of 40-45 meters. For comparison, we note that in it disappears from the field of view when submerged to 10 meters, in Sevan - to 20 meters, in the Caspian Sea - to 25 meters. In terms of the diversity of the organic world, Baikal can compete with tropical seas. More than 2.5 thousand species of animals and plants live in the lake. At the same time, about 2/3 of them are not found anywhere else. The unique organic world contributes to the preservation of purity Baikal waters. Tiny epishura crustaceans filter water through the mesh of their antennae and catch organisms that cause the water to “bloom”. Diatoms extract silicon from the water and build their elegant shells from it. Scientists have calculated that algae take 400-500 thousand tons of silicon annually.
Caspian sea-lake
The Caspian Sea-Lake is located in the south of our country, at the junction between Europe and the Baltic, Yellow. Natural resources The reservoir has long been attracted here by many peoples. Cimmerians, Cumans, Scythians, Sarmatians, Arabs, Turks, Persians, Khazars and many other peoples lived here. Along the Caspian ran the ancient trade routes. On them there was a resettlement of the people and there was a trade. Each of the peoples called the Caspian in their own way. The ancient Greeks called it the Hyrcanian or Persian Sea, the Assyrians - the East, the Chinese - the West. Among the Arabs, it was known under the name of the Horosan or Khazar Sea; Tatars called him Ak-Dengiz (). In ancient Russian chronicles, the Caspian Sea was called Khvalynsky or Derbent. Among the many names, one has survived - modern. It comes from a disappeared people - the Caspians (horse breeders) who once lived on its shores. The sea feeds the most big river Europe - . In addition to it, the Urals, Emba, Terek, Kura bring their waters to the Caspian. The water level in the Caspian Sea is subject to large and long fluctuations. And although this feature was noticed in ancient times, the reasons for this have not been fully elucidated. At present, the water level in the Caspian Sea is 27.5 meters below the level of the World Ocean.
Water has always acted on a person not only bewitching, but also calming. People came to her and told about their sorrows, in her imperturbable waters they found special peace and harmony. That is why the numerous lakes of Russia are so remarkable!
The beauty and charm of the water surface
A calm mirror surface is stagnant water, surrounded on all sides by banks. It is also a place of worship, aesthetic pleasure. What are lakes? They can be deep (sometimes deeper than the seas) and small, fresh and salty, large and small, of volcanic, tectonic, moraine origin. Their age also differs from each other. There are no ugly or boring ones, the map shows that there are an infinite number of them, and each of them is beautiful and perfect in its own way.
Surely any traveler who has visited this country at least once, or a resident, will have his favorite or even sacred lake. In any case, their visit is highly recommended. It is worth seeing Baikal or Teletskoye Lake once and you will fall in love with it once and for all! This is the place of power that fills you with energy after working years, stuffy city air and long social contact. It is important not only to contemplate beauty with reverence, but also to protect it.
Deep abyss of Baikal
What is the most Russia? Of course, this is the mysterious and unique Baikal! Every student has heard of him. It's just magical and unique place with pure, pure water, which always has a deep blue tint. If there is not a cloud in the sky, then the surface of the water becomes just emerald! The deep lake is of high ecological value and is included in the UNESCO list. The water here is fresh, and the depth reaches 1642 meters, which allows it to be compared with the depths of the Northern Arctic Ocean(depth 1220 meters). If suddenly it does not remain, then the deepest lake in Russia will be able to quench the thirst of the population of the whole world for 50 years, since it makes up one fifth of all reserves.
It is considered the oldest lake. Think for yourself - its age is 25 million years! Its depth is due to a large crack in the earth's crust. mainland depression gradually increases. Olkhon Island, which stretches for 71 kilometers, remains the largest here. It divides Baikal into Small ( East End) and the Big Sea ( West Side).
The waters here are crystal clear, so you can see as deep as 40 meters, which allows you to distinguish the local deep-sea inhabitants. The water temperature is usually around +8 degrees Celsius. Baikal is also famous for its hot springs. Two large cities that are located near its waters are Irkutsk and Ulan-Ude. Near the calm surface of the lake is not entirely serene. Earthquakes, small and large, happen all the time.
Pearl of Karelia - Lake Onega
Baikal is the most a nice place, but there are also other lakes in Russia that captivate travelers with their mystery. Onega is one of them. They even began to call it the sea, since it is the second largest in Europe after Ladoga. The length of the lake is 245 kilometers, the greatest depth is 130 meters. Since the time of the distant ice age, many local inhabitants have remained here - fish and amphibians. This place is a storehouse of prey for lovers of fishing. The northern area is ideal for valuable fish species: trout, salmon, sterlet.
Lake Peipus - the majesty of the dunes
Where lies another of the largest and beautiful lakes? In the northern regions, like most others. Lake Peipsi is located near Latvia and Estonia. It separates these two countries from the Pskov region. The most long length is 90 kilometers long and 47 kilometers wide. The lake is constantly replenished with water from many rivers and large streams. What are the highlights of the coast? Lake Peipsi from the north side? They are a continuous chain of dunes that stretch into the distance. Their height is quite impressive - about eight, and in some places all 10 meters. Toward the west the dunes become flatter. South side- these are boulders of Finnish granite.
There is also an island, lost in the brilliant water surface. It is located in the south of the lake and has the name Zhelachek (Mezha). It also has two small villages.
No less interesting for travelers is the western part of Lake Peipus. The shores in this area have their own unique outlines. Calm bays are combined with headlands and gentle coast. These capes are so high that they reach up to 24 meters. The depth of the lake is 7.5 meters. What is the bottom? It consists mainly of sand, clayey and sandy silt. This is not such a crystal clear body of water as Baikal or the lakes of the Alps, from an aesthetic point of view. Silty precipitation makes the water cloudy. This place also did not go unnoticed by anglers. The vast waters are rich in a variety of fish. There is burbot, pike perch, salmon and others.
Velikaya Ladoga
How beautiful are the names. For example, conquering us with the beauty of the nature of the North and becoming a savior during the Second World War. northern shores dotted with labyrinths of straits. There are even islands and trees growing on them. The bottom relief systematically increases from the south (51 meters) to the north (depth 230 meters).
There are many islands here, which are frozen in the form of sheer bizarre rocks, their height reaches 70 meters. The eastern coast is not as indented as the western coast, where forests and shrubs can be found. Lake Ladoga is fed by the waters of thirty-two rivers. The Neva River flows out of it in a full-flowing stream, the length of which reaches 74 kilometers.
By the way, there is a large number of rainy days here, although the greatest amount of precipitation occurs in the warm season. The winds are quite strong, which leads to unrest on the lake. The waves can be up to four meters high. The water temperature in the warm season is kept at around +8 degrees Celsius.
Caspian sea-lake
This is not only the largest lake in the world, but also quite deep. Although scientifically it is considered to be the sea. The deep lakes of Russia are mysterious and interesting for the traveler in their own way. In the northern part, the depth is small - only 5 meters. In the middle it is already getting deeper - 20 meters. South part The Caspian Sea is the deepest - it reaches 1025.
This sea or lake is unevenly salty. In places where the mouths of the river are located, the water is fresher. The water level in the lake is 25 meters below the ocean. On the coast are big cities like Baku, Makhachkala. The climate is sharply continental, so there are low temperatures winter and pretty high in summer. The large Urals and Volga flow into the Caspian Sea.
Salt Lake Chany
There are also salt lakes in Russia, such as Chany. It is located in the Novosibirsk region and belongs to the drainless ones. The word "vats" in translation from Turkic means "big vessel". Already in October, the lake is covered with ice and thaws only in May. Although its waters warm up to 28 degrees Celsius in summer. The area of the lake always fluctuates and reaches 2000 square meters. It is no different great depth- only 2 meters average. Along the banks, which are very indented, there are thickets of reeds, reeds, various shrubs and sedges.
What else is remarkable about Lake Chany? On the water surface, you can count up to 70 islets, some of them are not only large, but also represent amazing landscapes, have a great variety of plants and rare animal species. Salt lakes in Russia are distinguished by varying degrees of salinity. The vats are slightly salty, as the main food is melted snow. The weather on the lake is a reflection of the continental climate. In winter, snow cover can reach up to 30 cm in height.
For tourists, there are many recreation centers, there are corners where you can fish. Those who prefer boating should be careful - there is a storm here very often. Chany is also considered mysterious, and according to some stories, anomalous place. There is a legend that there is a strange animal of huge size that harms people and livestock.
- volcanic beauty
This beautiful creation of nature is located in the very south of the Kamchatka Peninsula and is considered freshwater. The maximum depth reaches 306 meters, so it can be safely attributed to deep water. Some of the islands that can be found on the surface are peculiar volcanic domes, rising from the bottom as a result of squeezing magma.
Such lakes on the territory of Russia are of particular value, therefore the Kuril lake is included in the UNESCO heritage list. There are even those called "Kuril springs". Their temperature reaches 45 degrees Celsius.
The cold impregnability of Lake Taimyr
This unique lake in terms of area it can only be compared with Baikal. It is considered the northernmost on the planet. What unusual can a traveler find here? Characterized not only by the cold beauty and grandeur, but also by the fact that here the water is constantly changing its level. The lake is located in the Krasnoyarsk Territory beyond the Arctic Circle on the peninsula of the same name in the tundra.
We can say that the local waters are covered with ice all year round. The greatest depth is 26 meters. The water temperature in the summer does not rise above 8 degrees Celsius, and in winter it drops to zero. The thickness of the ice can reach three meters. Oddly enough, in the waters of Taimyr there are fish - whitefish, muksun, whitefish, vendace.
Moraine lakes of Russia. Seliger
Forests, swamps, cozy coves - all this is the surrounding area of \u200b\u200bLake Seliger. It is located in the Tver and Novgorod regions. The landscapes in this area are predominantly hilly, and in some places plains prevail. Beaches natural origin contrast with steep banks covered with coniferous trees. About 160 medium and small islands can be counted on the lake. The surface is covered with ice during the cold season and opens only in May. All lakes in Russia are accompanied by unique vegetation. Seliger grows not only coniferous trees, but also oaks, bird cherry, mountain ash.
What are moraine lakes? This is very picturesque corners nature, their Amazing beauty and unusual origins are simply amazing. The moraine-type lakes of Russia are the so-called "hollows" or "closed basins", which appeared many years ago as a result of the melting of blocks of ice, therefore they are also commonly called "glacial". They can be found only in the north and northwest of Russia. They rarely differ in large size and depth. Usually their average depth does not exceed 10 meters, the banks are usually heavily indented. The largest of those reservoirs that can be attributed to moraine are Chudsko-Pskovskoye, Seliger, Ilmen, once called the Slovenian Sea by the Slavs.
Conclusion
As we can see, Russia is a lake region, which will definitely appeal to even the most sophisticated traveler.
