The largest river in Europe. The largest rivers in Europe

From Vienna the valley changes dramatically. The channel expands, the speed drops, the banks become lower. From the Devinsky (Moravian) Gates, it is already an almost flat river with a wide floodplain, numerous oxbow lakes. Lots of meanders and sleeves. In the middle reaches, the Danube receives large tributaries - Tisa, Sava, Drava. At the Iron Gates, the channel narrows, a hydrotechnical unit, the Dzherdap, has been built here. In the lower reaches, the Danube is a typically flat river. It receives tributaries from (Prut, Siret), they do not affect the Danube regime. At the mouth, the river is divided into three branches - Sulinsky, Georgievskoye, Kiliya. Through the first - shipping. big economic importance. Danube - artery European states. large ships rise to Vienna.

The second most important river is the Rhine (1320 km). It originates in the Alps and is characterized by a typical alpine regime, with a summer maximum. lake constance serves as a flow regulator. At the exit from it near the town of Schaffhausen, the river forms the Rhine Falls, 24 m high. Below, the Rhine flows in a graben between the Black Forest and the Vosges. Here the Rhine takes its first major tributary the Aare River - the main river (the capital is Bern). Below the city of Basel is the middle course. The waters are heavily polluted. The decisive influence on the regime, which here has features of the Hercynian type, is exerted by the tributaries of the Neckar, Sieg, Lahn, Main, Moselle. At the exit from the Rhine Slate Mountains, the Rhine is a flat river, the waters flowing flush with the banks. The shores are protected by a dam mi from a rush of water to the polders. The Rhine is connected by a canal system to the Danube, Rhone, Marne, Weser, Elbe. In terms of cargo turnover, the Rhine ranks first in foreign Europe. The total length of the waterways in the Rhine system is 3,000 km.

Of the other large ones - Loire, Vistula (each about 1000 km long).

The lakes are unevenly distributed. Their largest accumulation is confined to the areas of Quaternary glaciation (Fennoscandia, Central European). Lake basins were formed as a result of processing and deepening of tectonic cracks. Tectonic-glacial origin largest lakes Northern Europe: Venern, Vättern, Mälaren, Elmaren, Inari.

Damped lake basins in glacial regions with gentle, swampy shores and small sizes - Müritz, Sniardwy, Mamry. In the foothills of the Alps are the terminal glacial lakes- Como, Garda, Lake Maggiore, Firwaldstet. tectonic lakes- Geneva, Constance, Neuchâtel, on the Balkan Peninsula - Shkoder, Ohrid, Prespa, on the Apennines - Fucino, Trasimene, in - Balaton.

Lakes located in calderas extinct volcanoes- Bolsena, Vico, Bracciano, in the Moselle basin - the Eifel maars.

The most powerful glaciers are located on Svalbard, in and in Scandinavian mountains, the southernmost glaciers are in the Sierra Nevada mountains.

The most big river in Europe located in Russia - this is a river Volga(3531 km) and this is not surprising, because the territory of the European part of Russia is 40% of the territory of all of Europe.

Many sources state that the most long river Western Europe- This Danube(2860 km), however, it is worth noting that the Danube flows through the territories of such eastern European countries like Slovakia, Hungary, Bulgaria, Romania, Moldova and Ukraine.

The Danube is divided into 3 parts:

Upper (992 km) - from the source to the village of Gönyü;
Medium (860 km) - from Gonyu to the city of Drobeta-Turnu Severin;
Nizhny (931 km) - from the city of Drobeta-Turnu Severin to the confluence with the Black Sea.

However, even part upper Danube already flows through the territory of Slovakia, which means that in Western Europe the length of the Danube is less than 992 km.

Therefore, if we consider the west and east of the continent separately, then the largest river in Western Europe- This Rhine 1233 km long, which flows through the territories of such Western European countries as Germany, Austria, Switzerland, France, the Netherlands and Liechtenstein.

Well, the Danube can be considered as the longest river European Union .

List of the 20 longest rivers in Europe:

Volga - 3531 km;
Danube - 2860 km;
Ural - 2428 km;
Dnieper - 2201 km;
Don - 1870 km;
Pechora - 1809 km;
Kama - 1805 km;
Oka - 1498 km;
Belaya - 1430 km;
Dniester - 1352 km;
Vyatka - 1314 km;
Rhine - 1233 km;
Elba - 1165 km;
Desna - 1153 km;
Seversky Donets - 1053 km;
Vistula - 1047 km;
Western Dvina - 1020 km;
Loire - 1012 km - is the longest river in France;
Tagus (Tejo) - 1038 km - the longest river of the Iberian Peninsula;
Mezen - 966 km.

16 longest European rivers flowing through Russia

Volga - 3531 km;
Ural - 2428 km;
Dnieper - 2201 km;
Don - 1870 km;
Pechora - 1809 km;
Kama - 1805 km;
Oka - 1498 km;
Belaya - 1430 km;
Vyatka - 1314 km;
Desna - 1153 km;
Seversky Donets - 1053 km;
Western Dvina - 1020 km;
Mezen - 966 km;
Neman - 937 km;
Kuban - 870 km.
Northern Dvina - 744 km.

Rhone - the longest (812 km) river in Europe, flowing into the Mediterranean Sea

Volga

The Volga is a river in the European part of Russia that flows into the Caspian Sea. The part of the territory of Russia adjacent to the Volga is called the Volga region. The length of the river is 3530 km, before the construction of reservoirs - 3690 km, the catchment area - 1360 thousand km².

Danube

The Danube is the second longest (2860 km) river in Europe, the longest river in the European Union. The source is located in the mountains of Germany. It flows through the territory or border of ten states: Germany, Austria, Slovakia, Hungary, Croatia, Serbia, Bulgaria, Romania, Ukraine and Moldova; passes through such capitals of the Central and South- of Eastern Europe like Vienna, Bratislava, Budapest and Belgrade. It flows into the Black Sea, forming a delta on the border of Romania and Ukraine.

Ural

Ural - a river in Eastern Europe, flows through the territory of Russia and Kazakhstan, flows into the Caspian Sea. It is the third longest river in Europe, length - 2428 km, basin area - 231,000 km².

Dnieper

The Dnieper is a typical lowland river with a slow and calm course, the fourth longest river after the Volga, Danube, Ural and the third river in Europe in terms of basin area, has the longest channel within the borders of Ukraine. The length of the Dnieper in its natural state was 2285 km, after the construction of a cascade of reservoirs, when the fairway was straightened in many places - 2201 km; within Ukraine - 1121 km, within Belarus - 595 km (115 km are located on border area Belarus and Ukraine), within Russia - 485 km. The basin area is 504,000 km², of which within Ukraine - 291,400 km².

Don

Don is a river in the European part of Russia, 1870 km long and with a catchment area of 422 thousand km². The source of the Don is located in the northern part Central Russian Upland, mouth - Taganrog Bay of the Azov Sea.

Interactive map of Europe online with cities. Satellite and classical maps of Europe

Europe is a part of the world located in the northern hemisphere of the Earth (on the continent of Eurasia). A map of Europe shows that its territory is washed by the seas of the Atlantic and North arctic oceans. The area of the European part of the mainland is more than 10 million square kilometers. Approximately 10% of the world's population (740 million people) lives on this territory.

Satellite map of Europe at night

Geography of Europe

In the 18th century, V.N. Tatishchev proposed to accurately determine the eastern border of Europe: along the ridge Ural mountains and the Yaik River to the Caspian Sea. Currently on satellite map Europe, you can see that the eastern border runs along the eastern foot of the Ural Mountains, along the Mugodzhar mountains, along the Emba River, the Caspian Sea, the Kume and Manych rivers, and also along the mouth of the Don.

Approximately ¼ of the territory of Europe falls on the peninsulas; 17% of the territory is occupied by mountains such as the Alps, the Pyrenees, the Carpathians, the Caucasus, etc. The highest point in Europe is Mont Blanc (4808 m), and the lowest is the Caspian Sea (-27 m). Major rivers the European part of the mainland - the Volga, Danube, Dnieper, Rhine, Don and others.

Mont Blanc Peak - highest point Europe

States of Europe

On political map Europe, it can be seen that approximately 50 states are located on this territory. It is worth noting that only 43 states are officially recognized by other countries; five states are located in Europe only partially, and 2 countries have limited recognition or are not recognized at all by other countries.

Europe is often divided into several parts: Western, Eastern, Southern and Northern. Western European countries include Austria, Belgium, Great Britain, Germany, Liechtenstein, Ireland, France, Monaco, Luxembourg, Switzerland and the Netherlands.

On the territory of Eastern Europe are Belarus, Slovakia, Bulgaria, Ukraine, Moldova, Hungary, Czech Republic, Poland and Romania.

Political map of Europe

In Northern Europe there are Scandinavian countries and the Baltic countries: Denmark, Norway, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Sweden, Finland and Iceland.

Southern Europe is San Marino, Portugal, Spain, Italy, Vatican City, Greece, Andorra, Macedonia, Albania, Montenegro, Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Malta and Slovenia.

Partly in Europe are countries such as Russia, Turkey, Kazakhstan, Georgia and Azerbaijan. The unrecognized entities include the Republic of Kosovo and the Transnistrian Moldavian Republic.

Danube river in Budapest

Politics of Europe

In the field of politics, the leaders are the following states of Europe: France, Germany, Great Britain and Italy. To date, 28 European states are part of the European Union - a supranational association that determines the political, trade and monetary activities of the participating countries.

Also, many European countries are part of NATO - a military alliance in which, in addition to European countries, the United States and Canada take part. Finally, 47 states are members of the Council of Europe, an organization that implements programs for the protection of human rights, protection environment etc.

Events on Maidan in Ukraine

For 2014, the main centers of instability are Ukraine, where hostilities unfolded after Russia annexed Crimea and the events on the Maidan, as well as Balkan Peninsula, where the problems that arose after the collapse of Yugoslavia have not yet been resolved.

Rivers Foreign Europe are not the largest in the world; their length barely reaches 3000 km, but they have created an extensive shipping network. Even where there is no natural mouth, people dug channels, drained the sea to ensure the delivery of cargo far inland. Today, the water arteries of Europe play a key role in the development of the region.

Major water arteries

We list the largest rivers in Western Europe:

Danube - 2850 km.
Rhine - 2200 km.
Elba (Laba) - 1140 km.
Loire - 1010 km.
Tahoe - 1010 km.

Rice. 1. Map of the rivers of Foreign Europe

All rivers from the above list perform a transport function. They carry thousands of tons of cargo and hundreds of passengers every day. In addition, navigable rivers are:

Vistula;
Audra;
Ebro;
Maas;
Scheldt.

Danube

The Danube is a legendary river, the longest in Western Europe. The vast stretch has helped connect many states that do not have access to the sea. The sources are in the mountains in Germany, and the mouth is on the border of Romania and Ukraine. The river flows into the Black Sea.

Rice. 2 Danube

Ten states formed along the Danube. There are four on the river the most beautiful capitals Europe: Vienna, Bratislava, Budapest and Belgrade. And the Romanian part of the river delta is even listed world heritage UNESCO.

Rhine

The Rhine is considered an important connecting water system between Germany, France and Holland. Movement starts from small town in Switzerland - Basel. With the rest of the main rivers of Europe, the Rhine is connected by canals. The mouth begins in the Netherlands and ends in the North Sea. It flows into the North Sea.

Elbe

Another major river in Germany is the Elbe. However, it also flows in the Czech Republic, a little in Poland and Austria. Like the Rhine, it originates in the Alps and ends in the waters North Sea. The mouth is quite wide, so a port was founded there - the city of Hamburg.

Loire

It is the waterway of France. It originates in the Seven Heights and is a wide mountain river intersecting deep gorges and forming waterfalls of unprecedented beauty. On the flat territory it has a very wide flood, especially in the spring, from which settlements standing close to the river.

Tacho

Tahoe feeds The Iberian Peninsula. It is the main navigable river in Spain and Portugal. The upper course is a mountain river. At the mouth of the river is largest port V Atlantic Ocean- Lisbon. It was from this place that navigators began their journey in the era of the Great Discoveries.

Most popular travel along the river is tourist cruises. Along the river, there are many ancient Spanish and Portuguese cities that have retained their medieval flavor.

Cities at the mouths of the rivers

Rhine-Haringvliet, Rotterdam;
Elbe - Hamburg;
Laura - Saint-Nazaire;
Tajo - Lisbon.

What have we learned?

All the major rivers of Western Europe play a key navigational role. They connect cities and countries with the oceans, allowing cheap transportation of goods deep into the continent. Among them the most significant are: Danube, Rhine, Laura, Elbe, Tahoe.

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In Europe, there are many large and beautiful rivers, but which ones are the longest? We will talk about this in this article. In order for our article not to turn out to be endless, we will consider only the 5 longest rivers in Europe.

The Volga is not only the longest river, but the whole of Europe. It is 3,530 kilometers long and has a drainage basin of an impressive 1,361,000 square kilometers, one-third of the entire European territory of Russia.

Due to its length, the Volga flows through many subjects of our country, including Chuvashia, Kalmykia, Tatarstan, Mari El, as well as such regions as Volgograd, Yaroslavl, Saratov, Tver, Astrakhan, Ivanovo, Ulyanovsk, Moscow, Samara, Kostroma and Nizhny Novgorod. Along the Volga there are four cities with a population of more than one million. This Nizhny Novgorod, Kazan, Samara and Volgograd.

The longest river in Europe originates in the Valdai Upland and flows into the Caspian Sea. A wave is the longest river that does not flow into the ocean.

The Danube is the second longest river in Europe and also the longest river in Western Europe. The length of the Danube is 2960 kilometers. The area of the basin is 817 square kilometers.

The Danube originates in Germany in the Black Forest mountains near the city of Donaueschingen. Further, the Danube flows east through the territory of such countries as Slovakia, Croatia, Hungary, Serbia, Romania, Bulgaria, Moldova and Ukraine. In addition, the capitals of four European states are located on the Danube at once: Vienna (Austria), Bratislava (Slovakia), Budapest (Hungary), and Belgrade (Serbia). end point Danube - Black Sea.

After the creation of the Main-Danube Canal, the river became part of the 3,500 km long trans-European water route that connects Rotterdam on the North Sea and Sulin on the Black Sea.

The Ural has a length of 2428 kilometers and ranks third in the rankings of the longest rivers in Europe. The area of the basin is 231 square kilometers.

The Ural originates on the slope of the Kruglaya Sopka peak in Bashkortostan, flows through the territory of Russia and Kazakhstan and flows into the Caspian Sea.

One of the features of the Urals is that it is traditionally considered the border between Europe and Asia. Although in fact it is a border only in its upper part, which flows through the territory of Russia.

The Dnieper is the third longest river in Europe. The Dnieper is best known as the largest river. This is true, but in addition to Ukraine (981 km), the Dnieper flows through the territory of Russia (485 km) and Belarus (595 km). The total length of the Dnieper is 2201 kilometers, and the area of its basin is 504 square kilometers.

The Dnieper begins in a small swamp called Akseninsky moss in the south of the Valdai Upland and flows into the Black Sea. Rivers such as the Volga, Lovat, Zapadnaya Dvina, Mologa and Syas also flow from the slopes of the Valdai Upland.

There are many cities on the banks of the Dnieper, the largest of which are: Kyiv (4,130,000 inhabitants), Dnepropetrovsk (1,040,000) and Zaporozhye (786,000).

Don is the fifth longest river in Europe. Its length is 1870 kilometers, and the basin area is 422 square kilometers.

The Don begins its course in the northern part of the Central Russian Upland and flows into the Sea of Azov. On the banks of the Don are such cities as Novomoskovsk, Dankov, Epifan, Lebedyan, Semiluki, Zadonsk, Voronezh, Liski, Novovoronezh, Pavlovsk, Kalach-on-Don, Serafimovich, Tsimlyansk, Volgodonsk, Konstantinovsk, Aksai, Semikarakorsk, Rostov-on-Don and Azov.