Baikal water system. When to go to Baikal. Video: The underwater world of Lake Baikal

Baikal is not only the largest, but also the most mysterious and mysterious lake planets. With its appearance, and there are 35 million years old, many legends and traditions are associated. As soon as it is not called - the pearl of Siberia, mighty water, great fire, the sea. Where is Lake Baikal located? The oldest body of water spreads freely in the southern part Eastern Siberia.

Geography

The length of the lake, located at an altitude of 450 meters above sea level, is 636 kilometers, and the coastline stretches for almost 2,000 kilometers. Most of it is nature reserves and parks under state protection. The width of Lake Baikal, due to its unusual shape in the form of a crescent, reaches 81 km in the central part and 27 km at its narrowest point.

The northwestern part of the huge reservoir is located in Irkutsk region, southeastern - in Buryatia. Assessing the depth of Lake Baikal, which ranks first in the world, experts call an indicator of 1640 meters with an allowable error of 2%. The second deepest is Lake Tanganyika on the African continent, which loses to the leader as much as two hundred meters. More than three hundred rivers and streams replenish the supply fresh water in the lake, a good half of the total volume comes from the Selenga. But only one follows from it, Angara. There are twenty-two islands on the lake, the largest of them is Olkhon.

Map can be enlarged by clicking on it with the left mouse button.

Why Baikal is called Baikal

According to ancient legend, the "oldest" lake on the planet appeared as a result of a volcanic eruption. But researchers are still arguing about the origin of its name. Several guesses:

Bai-Kul - translated from Turkic means "rich lake";
Baigal - from the Mongolian "rich fire";
Baigal Dalai - in the same Mongolian means "big lake";
Beihai - in Chinese means "North Sea";
Baigal-Nuur is a Buryat name;
Lamu is the name of the Evenki lake.

It is believed that the first explorers who appeared here in the seventeenth century called Baikal an Evenk name. Later, switching to the Buryat name, they softened the letter "g", giving the name its current form.

Waters of Lake Baikal

The purity of lake water is amazing. Its transparency is 40 meters, and its oxygen saturation and unique composition, slightly mineralized and close to those of distilled water, make it extremely healing.

At the time of algae bloom, the transparency decreases slightly, but remains quite high. Of great interest to tourists is the observation of the immersion of a coin thrown into the waters of the lake, which can be seen quite long time. Visit famous lake- the dream of almost every Russian. Where Lake Baikal is located is already known, but what kind of weather prevails there?

Climate

If you look at where Baikal is located on the map of Russia, it can be noted that Irkutsk is only 70 kilometers from it. However, it is rash to assume that the climate is the same there and there. Typical for these places, it is sharply continental, it is significantly softened in the lake area by the abundance of water and dense forests. Air temperature on Baikal in winter time warmer, and in summer it is colder by almost 10 degrees. Besides, rainy weather can be considered a rarity here. A slight evaporation of water does not contribute to the formation of clouds, and their counterparts coming from behind the mountains heat up and dissipate.

Sometimes, of course, you can get caught in the rain, but the amount sunny days on the island of Olkhon, for example, much more than on the Riga coast or in the Caucasian Abastumani. The rather cold water of Lake Baikal warms up to 16-17 degrees in summer, but only close to the shore. At a depth, the water temperature in summer is only 4-5 degrees. The period from June 15 to August 15 is considered the most successful for a trip to Baikal - warm and sunny.

Fauna and flora

vegetable and animal world Baikal are unique. The lake serves as a safe haven for almost three thousand species of animals and thousands of plants, many of which are found only here. And this despite the fact that, as scientists suggest, more than 20% of the living organisms living in it, from the surface to the maximum depths, are still unknown to science. Grayling, whitefish, taimen, sturgeon, omul, lenok, golomyanka - far from complete list fish species that inhabit the lake. There are about sixty of them in total, which makes fishing in a pond an extremely exciting and productive activity. Until now, there are heated debates about how the Baikal seal got to Baikal and comfortably settled down here - especially marine mammal. It is assumed that she came here in ancient times. ice age, moving from Arctic Ocean along the Angara and the Yenisei. Now tens of thousands of animals live here.

How to get to Baikal?

Resting on the lake is interesting and attractive all year round, each season has its own positive sides. At first, many people are a little afraid of a long journey, but after learning how to get to Baikal, they are determined to set off. Every day, flights to Ulan-Ude and Irkutsk depart from Moscow's Vnukovo and Domodedovo airports. The flight time is almost the same - the liner flies six hours to the first destination, twenty minutes less to the second. Irkutsk airport is located six kilometers from the center.

Road by railway takes a little longer, the distance of 5192 km train Moscow - Irkutsk will overcome in 3 and a half days. However magnificent scenery and decent service will help brighten up the travel time. From regional center getting to Baikal is easy - from the central bus station they go fixed-route taxis and buses from railway station- electric trains and trains, from the pier "Rocket" in the summer you can go on a yacht or boat. A short distance of 70 kilometers will not seem too long and boring.

Listvyanka

At the source of the Angara is the oldest Baikal village of Listvyanka, which is about three hundred years old. Previously, local residents hunted and, now it is quite developed here. tourism infrastructure with comfortable hotels, inns, cozy restaurants and entertainment establishments, saunas and baths with Baikal water. From this settlement begins acquaintance with the region, here is the only one in Russian Federation Lake Museum. It is invariably visited by domestic and Foreign tourists getting acquainted with the history of the famous reservoir, its flora and fauna, the results of numerous scientific studies.

The village has many attractions worth visiting:

"mini-zoo" with bears and foxes,
nerpinary,
Art Gallery,
shaman stone,
observatory.

Dive centers operating in the village offer tourists an unforgettable experience - diving into clear waters. unique lake Baikal to a depth of three to forty meters. This is possible at any time of the year, as the water temperature at the dive sites is from 3 to 12 degrees. IN summer time many water excursions depart from Listvyanka - to the nearby village big cats, to the Sandy Bay, to the port of Baikal. You can take the opportunity to ride on the water surface of Lake Baikal on your own, on a rented boat.

seasonal holiday

The flow of tourists to Baikal does not weaken, but grows every year. If you look at where Lake Baikal is located on the map of Russia, you can clearly see that it is located in a cozy environment of mountain ranges and forests. Unique beauty local places are beautiful in their own way at any time of the year.

In winter, lovers of ice fishing, ski trips and travel on iceboats and bicycle races on the thick ice of the reservoir come here. The majestic awakening from winter hibernation and the rescue of Baikal from ice captivity can be seen by those who came here at the end of spring. At this time, there are not very many tourists and you can enjoy unity with nature without interference. In spring, you can even meet clubfoot inhabitants of the Baikal-Lensky and Barguzinsky reserves that go to the water. colorful and riot of colors close to the lake forests. However, the end of October and November are characterized by inhospitable weather and possible mudslides.

Interesting and mysterious sights of Lake Baikal

Shaman stone - according to legend, it has miraculous powers. The owner of the Angara, Ama Sagaan noyon, lived here, magical shamanic rites were performed and criminals were left overnight to repent of their deeds and admit their guilt.
Cape Khoboy on the island of Olkhon is a petrified Buryat woman punished for her envy. Many legends are associated with the cape. In winter, a real delight is a visit to the grottoes located here, exquisitely decorated with transparent icicles.
Rock Shamanka, located on Cape Burkhan, is made of granite, quartz and snow-white marble. The through cave located in it was the center of cult worship of the Buryats, who considered it the place of residence of the owner of Baikal. The entrance here was closed to mere mortals, and women bypassed the rock by the farthest path. In a cave that caused sacred awe among local population various rituals and rituals were carried out. Pagan priests removed family curses here, relieved ailments and predicted the future, falling into a trance.

What city is Baikal in?

Having firmly decided the next one and a trip to Baikal, a potential tourist begins to develop a route and asks a completely understandable question - where is the lake

Babushkino;
Listvyanka;
Big Cats;
Pankovka;
Nizhneangarsk;
Baikalsk;
Severobaikalsk and many others.

You can stay with a tent in a campsite, use the services of a well-equipped tourist base to rent a room in cozy house from local residents. And also, if all family members are completely independent and are not afraid of hiking difficulties, you can go hiking with backpacks and a tent. independent travel, stopping for the night and rest in the most picturesque places of Baikal. Such a vacation will surely become the most memorable and significant event in family life.

Baikal is one of the greatest and the most beautiful lakes peace!

It is the deepest (1620m), the largest in terms of volume of pure fresh water (20% of world reserves), the most unique lake in terms of the uniqueness of the animal world. Baikal is a classic example of a tectonic lake-reservoir formed as a result of tectonic processes. Baikal lies in a deep depression surrounded by mountain ranges. Baikal is one of the oldest lakes in the world: it is 25 million years old. The shores of the lake diverge at a rate of 2 cm per year, and in the future it may turn into real ocean. More than 300 rivers flow into Baikal. The largest of them is the Selenga. Only one river flows out of Baikal - the Angara. In 1959, the dam of the Irkutsk hydroelectric power station was built on the Angara, and the lake was connected to the newly created reservoir. The water level in the lake has risen by about one meter. The bergs of Baikal are high and steep. low banks are found only at the mouths of tributaries, which form vast deltas at their confluence. Among the few bays, the largest are Barguzinsky and Chyvyrkuisky. Almost a bay is the Maloe More Strait, separated from the main water area ( Big Sea) the largest island in Baikal - Olkhon (an area of about 730 sq. km) There are about 20 islands, but they are small and rocky. The water in Baikal is dark blue, bright blue shades are observed in June; transparency in some places reaches 40 m. An interesting fact is that in Baikal the water is fresher than in the rivers flowing into it, and its mineralization decreases with depth. Scientists believe that at the bottom of Baikal there is a powerful permanent source of super fresh water. But the reliability of this hypothesis has yet to be proven. The average annual water temperature of Lake Baikal is 4.5 degrees in the south and 3 in the middle part. In August-September, the water warms up to 12 degrees, near the coast - sometimes 20. The water temperature in the deep layers is constantly kept at around 3.2 degrees. In winter, the lake freezes over. The ice becomes transparent through it, it is quite clearly visible to a depth of 8-10 meters. Due to its stormy temper, Baikal occupies one of the first places among the lakes of the world, the height of waves during a storm reaches 4 meters. unique flora and fauna created world fame for Baikal natural museum. More than 2.6 thousand species of plants and animals live in the lake. Almost 2/3 of them live only in this reservoir. Among them are the Baikal seal and the viviparous golomyanka fish. unique animal and vegetable world contributes to the preservation of the purity of Baikal waters. However, if even one of the links of a very complex and strictly balanced ecological system is disturbed, then the whole of it will be destroyed. From all of the above, we can safely say that Baikal is the pearl of Russia.

Lake Baikal is one of the most amazing natural attractions in Russia. Baikal is the deepest lake in the world, its area is almost 32 km 2, and the most deep point is 1642 m. coastline lakes 2 km. It is so large and deep that many people call it Baikal-Sea for its parameters. This freshwater lake differs in a huge variety of flora and fauna, and most of the representatives are endemic. that is, they are found exclusively in the vicinity of Lake Baikal.

In addition to its unique size and deep water, Baikal, together with its basin - amazing beauty a place with mesmerizing blue waters. It is not surprising that a huge number of tourists come here every year, because the relief of the lake and its waters are very beautiful at any time of the year.

Geography of Baikal

Baikal is located on the territory of the Russian Federation within Irkutsk in the heart of Asia. The lake originates in the southwest and stretches to the southeast for 600 km, forming a crescent. In the narrowest places, the width of Lake Baikal is 24 km, and its widest part is 79 km. In terms of its area, Baikal is the 7th largest lake in the world. Geographically, Baikal is located in a basin surrounded by reliefs of mountain ranges and rocky cliffs. The depth of its waters at certain points reaches almost 1.7 km. In terms of deep water, Baikal ranks first, and is the deepest lake on the planet. His average depth is 744 m. Lake Baikal is freshwater and its volume is approximately 123 thousand m 3, which is 19% of freshwater reserves in the world. Baikal is connected to many rivers and streams, and its basin forms 500 springs.

The water in the lake is extremely clean, just transparent. This is due to the composition of water: the minimum content of minerals, the absence of salts and organic substances. Due to the great depth of the lake, the water in it is cold and even in summer its temperature does not exceed +20 °C. Water permeability is low, so at depth the temperature is +3 °C. The transparency of Lake Baikal is amazing, so even at a depth of several tens of meters the bottom is clearly visible. In the deep layers, the water becomes green, so the lake seems remotely emerald.

The relief of Baikal is very ambiguous. There are three deep depressions, forming basins. The Baikal area covers 27 islands, many of which are quite long. The geography of Baikal is amazing and original. The lake has a billion-year history of formation, as evidenced by its localization: the place of flooding of the most high mountains in the world, with a height of 7 thousand km.

Climate

The climate of Baikal is formed on the basis of its localization. Big square water leads to evaporation, so Baikal has high humidity. Since the lake is surrounded by mountain ranges, the winds here are formed directly on the lake. Baikal winds quite strong and cold, so Maximum temperature on the lake in summer does not exceed +28°C. High humidity also affects the winter weather, so it is softer and long enough here.

Special climatic conditions influenced the vegetation of the lake. Coastal areas are characterized by an increased number of sunny days. Usually autumn comes in August and there is a significant cooling until +20°C, but in Lately temperature rises in summer 0.5-1°C, which affects the duration of sunny and warm days. The climate of the lake has little effect on the change of seasons, so usually the delay in season changes is 15-20 days.

Flora and fauna

Lake Baikal is a unique ecological zone, which belongs to the objects world heritage UNESCO. The fauna and flora of the lake are amazing and presented various types animals and plants found exclusively in the Baikal region. An increased oxygen content was found in the waters of Lake Baikal, which affected the ecosystem of the territory. More than 2.6 thousand species of animals live in the lake itself, 50% of which are endemic, that is, they are found only on Baikal.

One of the most amazing representatives of the fauna living in the waters of the lake is the Baikal epishura - crustacean plankton, thanks to which the water in the lake is so clean.

This epishura feeds on algae, which cleans the lake from pollution, and makes up 80% of all plankton representatives. The food chain of the lake is so huge that Baikal can be called a self-cleaning lake. In addition to various plankton and invertebrates, a large number of fish species live in the waters of Lake Baikal, which are often the target of poachers. The flora of Baikal is also diverse and amazing. More than a hundred species of algae are found here.

The coastal area, thanks to access to fresh water, is lush and very rich. More than 2 thousand plants grow around the lake, of which rare tree species are of particular importance: Siberian cedar, Dahurian rhododendron and the so-called "walking" trees. Bears, elks, Barguzin sables, deer, lynxes, etc. live on the shores of Lake Baikal. The ecosystem of Baikal is original and diverse, therefore the territory of the lake and its coastal mountain ranges belong to the nature protection and protected zone.

Where is Lake Baikal located on the map of Russia?

It is impossible to say exactly in which city Lake Baikal is located, since its waters wash a large number of cities, towns and villages. Geographically, Lake Baikal is located in the east of Siberia, between Irkutsk and Buryatia.

There are 85 settlements along the coastline of the lake. The waters of Lake Baikal are bordered by:

Nizhneangarsk;
Severobaikalsk;
Khuzhir;
Elantsy;
Babushkin;
Listvyanka;
Slyudyanka;
Baikalsk;
Vydrino.

The largest cities that are located near the lake are Irkutsk and Severobaikalsk. On the other side of the coast is Ulan-Ude. Where is Lake Baikal located on the map of Russia can be viewed on any physical or online map. The lake stands out very much, thanks to its impressive parameters. Thus, it can be seen even from space.

The best option on how to get to Lake Baikal is to first get to Irkutsk or Ulan-Ude, and then to one of the nearby settlements. You can get to the cities by plane, train or car. Most fast way- air travel. There are direct flights from Moscow to Irkutsk, Severobaikalsk and Ulan-Ude. You can fly to Irkutsk from Kazan, Novosibirsk, Vladivostok by direct flights. From other cities, by plane, you can get to regional centers with transfers. You can fly to Ulan-Ude from Yakutsk and Khabarovsk, as well as by direct flight from Moscow. The number of flights is constantly being added, so you can check the possible routes of air communication and flights on the website of the airlines. The average flight time is 5.5-6 hours. Ticket price - from 12 thousand rubles one way.

Baikal can be reached by train . Railway stations service in almost any direction, so you can get to Irkutsk and Ulan-Ude by direct train, or with a minimum number of transfers. The duration of the trip is from 2 days. There are direct trains from Moscow to Ulan-Ude. Travel time will be 3.5 days. To Irkutsk from Moscow to go 3 days. To Severobaikalsk - about 4 days. The average cost of a reserved seat is 5.5 thousand rubles, and a coupe - up to 9 thousand rubles.

You can get to Baikal by car . Distance from Moscow to Irkutsk is 5 thousand km. To do this, you can go along the Moscow-Vladivostok highway (M-55). It will take a long time to drive, so you should plan a possible route in advance. A trip by car allows you to see the sights of other cities along the way. Within Irkutsk and nearby settlements you can drive your car. In the vicinity of Lake Baikal, a car is not needed, since the area near the lake is rocky.

Baikal is beautiful at any time of the year. Tourism on Baikal is well developed. Among affordable entertainment: fishing, diving, boating. To relax on the lake in summer, it is better to go in July, when the air temperature is at its highest, and the water in the lake has time to warm up. In spring, you can come to Lake Baikal to see how nature blooms, everything around comes to life and appreciate the riot of colors.

In winter, you can come to see the frozen Baikal, which in February is completely covered with ice, only some parts remain unfrozen. It is worth coming to Baikal in autumn to look at the variety of colors surrounding the lake. Seasonal holidays on Baikal last from May to September. At this time, boat excursions are allowed on the lake and you can visit the islands of Baikal.

Attractions of Baikal

Lake Baikal itself is the greatest and most beautiful natural attraction in Russia. You need to go to Baikal for the sake of Baikal. Everything is great here. emerald water, beautiful nature, wonderful landscapes - all this makes Lake Baikal popular tourist destination. But tourists are interested in numerous sights that are worth seeing while relaxing on Lake Baikal:

Baikal-Lensky Reserve . This is a protected area, which is located on the northwestern coast of the lake. A beautiful place to visit in late autumn.
Cape Burkhan. It is also called the Shaman Rock. A beautiful rocky ledge that was used for offering sacrifices by local shamans.
Baikal national park . Another nature reserve, which is located in the west and is a shore spit adjacent to the lake.
. Historical Museum dedicated to the history, geography and ecosystem of the lake, which presents exhibits collected in the waters of Lake Baikal.
Barguzinsky Bay . largest bay, 90 km long. It is a bay with a shallow mouth of the Barguzin, a river that flows into Baikal.
Thermal spring "Dzelinda" . It is located in the north, near the village of Angoy. Very popular place among tourists.
Sable Mountain. Popular ski resort equipped with slopes and ski trails.

You should definitely visit the village of Listvyanka, where there is a nerpinarium, where three species of seals live. Listvyanka also has museums, an observatory, various natural attractions (caves, rocks, capes). There are many attractions on the lake, and each deserves the attention of tourists. Be sure to visit the Holy Nose Peninsula and Olkhon Island.

Lake Baikal is a valuable landmark of Russia, a beautiful place for recreation and a significant nature reserve. The lake itself is beautiful place and a popular recreation area among tourists.

Lake Baikal is one of the most beautiful and scenic spots not only in the Asian part of our country, but all over the planet. This ancient lake(its age is approximately 25-35 million years), lying in a rift basin, is located in the southern part of Eastern Siberia. It is the largest reservoir of fresh water on Earth, 22% of all fresh water is concentrated here. the clearest water worldwide and 85% of Russia. The volume of water is 23 thousand km 3 (these are the five Great Lakes in the United States taken together). In addition to the value of huge fresh water reserves, which due to its low mineralization (100 g/l) can be safely equated with distilled water, it should also be noted that Baikal is the deepest lake in the world and since 1996 has been included in the UNESCO World Heritage List.

Geographical position

Lake Baikal, which has the shape of a crescent elongated from southwest to northeast, is located almost in the very center of the Eurasian continent, in Central Asia, in the southern part of Eastern Siberia. ancient rift basin glacial origin, in which the lake basin is located, lies in the Baikal mountain region, surrounded by high peaks mountain ranges and hills overgrown with dense forests (border of the Irkutsk region and the Republic of Buryatia in the Russian Federation).

Characteristics of Lake Baikal

The area of the lake is 31.7 thousand km 2, this is the seventh place in the world after the Caspian Sea-lake, lakes Victoria, Taganika, Huron, Michigan, Upper or the area of the countries of Belgium or the Netherlands. The lake is 636 km long, it is widest in the center (81 km), narrowest - near the delta of the Serenga River (27 km).

The average lake depth of 744.4 m is higher than the maximum depths of many lakes in the world, its maximum depth, measured by Soviet scientists Kolotilo and Sulimov in 1983, was 1640 m, which made Baikal the deepest lake in the world.

The lake lies in a glacial rift basin, surrounded on all sides by mountain ranges and hills. The length of the coastline is 2 thousand km, west coast rocky and steep, the eastern one is more gentle, the mountains are located tens of kilometers from the coast. The water area of the lake has six bays (Barguzinsky, Chivyrkuisky, Proval, Posolsky, Cherkalov, Mukhor), two dozen bays (Listvennaya, Peschanaya, Aya, many closed shallow bays, which are called sory. From the lake follows the only river- Angara, more than 336 rivers and rivulets flow in, of the large ones one can name the Selenga, Upper Angara, Barguzin, Snezhnaya, Kichera, etc.

Temperature regime of water

Water, due to its low mineralization, is distinguished by amazing purity, transparency (can be seen to a depth of 40 meters), oxygen saturation. In spring, the water is especially transparent and has a rich blue-blue color; in summer, as a result of the development of organic matter, the transparency decreases and the waters acquire a blue-green tint. The average annual temperature of the water surface is about +4°С, in summer the water is +16, +17°С, in the sors it reaches +22,+23°С.

Baikal is almost completely covered with ice (1-2 meters) from January to May (with the exception of a small area 15-20 km at the source of the Angara). One of amazing riddles lake Baikal is the appearance in winter period huge dark rings on the ice, which are visible only from a height. Presumably, they are formed as a result of the release of methane from the depths of the lake, and this contributes to the formation of huge steams with a diameter of hundreds of meters with a very thin layer of ice.

Winds on Baikal

The distinguishing features of Baikal's climate are its winds, they blow almost always, their maximum speed wind - 40 m/s. There are more than 30 names of the winds blowing there: the wind of the northwestern direction is mountainous, the northeastern wind is barguzin, verkhovik), the southeastern wind is shelonnik, the southwestern wind is kultuk, the sarma is the wind blowing in the center of Baikal. They blow mainly along the coast, on which there are practically no places to hide from such a piercing and strong wind.

Nature of Lake Baikal

The flora and fauna of the lake is diverse and unique. Oxygenated water allows you to live here a large number living organisms, more than 2600 species and subspecies of aquatic inhabitants live here, most of of which are endemic. More than 58 species of fish live in the water column, such as omul, grayling, whitefish, taimen, Baikal sturgeon, lenok, golomyanka (a unique fish consisting of 30% fat).

The coast is covered with more than 2,000 species of plants, about 2,000 species of birds nest here, a unique marine mammal lives here - the Baikal seal, in the mountainous part of the Baikal region - the smallest deer in the world - the musk deer.

(Olkhon - largest island Lake Baikal)

The northeastern coast of the lake is part of the protected area of the Barguzin State Natural biosphere reserve Since 1996, Baikal has been included in the UNESCO World Heritage List.

Settlements and cities

Large cities located a few dozen kilometers from the lake are Irkutsk, Ulan-Ude (130 km east of the lake) and Severobaikalsk (in the northern part of the lake coast). From Irkutsk (70 km from Baikal), the closest to the oldest Baikal settlement at the headwaters of the Angara - Listvyanka, it is over three hundred years old. The tourist infrastructure is well developed here and there is the Lake Museum dedicated to the history of Baikal, its flora and fauna. Also in the village there is a nerpinarium, where they show an exciting water show with the participation of Baikal seals and the legendary Shaman-stone, a reserved rock at the source of the Angara, ancient shamanic rites were held here in ancient times.

Climate and seasons

(Clear water of Lake Baikal in summer)

Eastern Siberia lies in a temperate sharply continental climate zone However, the huge masses of water contained in Lake Baikal have a special effect on the climate of the coast and due to this, unusual microclimate conditions are formed with warm mild winters and cool summers. The water masses of the lake act as a huge natural stabilizer and make winters warmer and summers cooler than, for example, in the same Irkutsk, located at a short distance from the lake (70 km). The air temperature in summer can reach up to +35°C.

(Transparent ice on Lake Baikal in winter)

In winter, the waters of Lake Baikal are bound by incredibly transparent and smooth ice. The temperature above the surface of the lake in the middle of winter is about -21°С, and on the coasts it is 5-10 degrees higher, on average -10°С - 17°С. Due to low evaporation cold water from the surface of the lake, clouds are very rarely formed here, so the area of Lake Baikal is characterized by a high total duration of sunshine, cloudy and cloudy days are infrequent.

Interesting facts about Lake Baikal contain a lot of useful, entertaining and exciting information that children of different ages read with delight.

The lake is the pride of the planet, its pearl and unique place which everyone should be aware of.

Interesting facts about Lake Baikal for children associated with numerous legends, secrets, myths, enveloping the history of the reservoir, forests and mountains.

Interesting facts about Lake Baikal: what to tell the kids

Toddlers will be interested to know what is the most clear lake planet Earth, so you can drink water from it without any fear. To its taste, it resembles distilled water, since it is saturated with oxygen, and there are practically no microorganisms in it.

In addition, it must be explained that this is the largest body of water in the world with fresh water, which is equal to one fifth of the reserves drinking water in the world. locals use water as a source of drink for cooking. This is especially true for the population of Olkhon Island, where there are no rivers.

Baikal is supplied with water by 300 rivers. Their waters turn the lake into the most deep lake on the ground.

History and name

Baikal is one of the oldest lakes in the world, which appeared 20 million years ago. The lake continues to grow, which is associated with the movement of plates, earthquakes. Lake Baikal, its history and development contains many interesting facts for children.

In particular, this is the name of the reservoir. Scientists have not yet determined exactly where the name came from. In ancient times, the Buryats could call the lake in two words - Bai Gal (rich fire) or Bai Hai - the sea, which is located in the north. It was the ancient inhabitants of these lands who believed that Baikal is the sea, because they were greatly impressed by its huge size.

Throughout its existence, Baikal has been a bait for fishermen, as there is a huge amount of various fish. Many species are not found anywhere else in the world, so one of the favorite activities of tourists is fishing.

An unusual animal found in Baikal is the seal. Scientists cannot establish the path of how these marine animals got to the lake. Daredevils and brave travelers who are not afraid of the cold bathe in the lake. average temperature water is 9-10 degrees.

But people are attracted by the unusual blue color of the water, its transparency, which you want to touch and swim in the mysterious depths of the lake. In the bays and straits, the temperature can reach 15-20 degrees, so it is better to swim there.

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