deepest point. Where are the deepest places in the oceans

Our planet never ceases to amaze us and present new amazing stories About Me. Below is a list of ten interesting and some of the deepest places on Earth.

El Zacatón - the deepest in the world sinkhole filled with water. It is located in the northeast of the state of Tamaulipas, Mexico. Its diameter on the surface is approximately 116 m, total depth 339 meters. The temperature of the water in the funnel is 30°C and smells slightly of sulfur. This place is very popular among divers.

Tagebau Hambach is a quarry used for brown coal mining. Located in Elsdorf, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It was opened in 1978. It is the deepest open mine in the world, the depth of which is about 370 meters, area 33.89 square kilometers.

Woodingdean is an eastern suburb of Brighton and Hove located in East Sussex, England. It is notable for the fact that on its territory there is the deepest well in the world, dug by hand between 1858-1862. The depth of the well is 392 meters.

Lake Baikal

Baikal - lake tectonic origin located in Russia, in the southern part Eastern Siberia, on the border between Irkutsk region and the Republic of Buryatia. It is the deepest lake in the world (maximum depth 1642 meters) and the largest natural reservoir fresh water. The age of the lake is estimated at 25–30 Ma. Its area is 31,722 km² (without islands), which is comparable to the territories of countries such as Belgium, the Netherlands or Denmark.

Cave Krubera (Voronya) - the most deep cave in the world, located in the Arabica mountain range in Abkhazia. Its depth is 2 196 m. It is the only known cave on Earth that exceeds a depth of 2 thousand meters. It was discovered and first explored to a depth of 95 m by Georgian speleologists (head L.I. Maruashvili) in 1960. Then she got her first name: Krubera cave, in honor of the Russian scientist A.A. Kruber.

Kidd Mine is a mine located in Timmins, Ontario, Canada. It is the deepest base metal mine in the world. Its maximum depth is almost 3 thousand m. It began operations in 1966 as a quarry, but over time turned into an underground mine, which still produces copper, zinc and several other metals.

The Litke Trough is an oceanic trench located in northeastern Greenland, 350 kilometers north of Svalbard. This is the most deep point in the Arctic Ocean - 5449 m. For the first time, this chute was discovered and explored in 1955 by an expedition on the icebreaker Fyodor Litke. It ranks 20th among the deepest trenches in the world.

Milwaukee Trench or Milwaukee Deep - the deepest point Atlantic Ocean, located 122.3 km north of the coast of Puerto Rico. Its maximum depth is 8380 meters(according to unverified data 9560 m). The chute was named after the American light cruiser USS Milwaukee (CL-5), which first discovered it on February 14, 1939.

Mariana Trench or Mariana Trench - the most deep ocean ic trench, as well as the least explored place on the planet, located in the western Pacific Ocean between Japan and Papua New Guinea, not far from Mariana Islands. It was first discovered in 1875 by a British expedition aboard the Challenger. Using sonar, the ship's crew then recorded a depth of 10,900 meters. According to measurements taken in 2011, the depth of the depression is 10 994 ± 40 m below sea level.

The well itself (welded). 2012

The Kola Superdeep Well is the deepest borehole in the world, located in Russia, in Murmansk region, about 10 km from the city of Zapolyarny. Its depth is 12262 meters; diameter of the upper part - 92 cm. It was laid down in 1970 and drilled exclusively for research purposes. It was originally planned to reach the mark of 16 thousand meters, but due to technical problems, as well as due to financial difficulties in 1991, work had to be stopped ahead of schedule. Now, due to financial difficulties and lack of state support, the issue of its final closure is being decided.

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Surely, after reading the title, everyone remembered the Mariana Trench. However, TravelAsk will tell you more about this place than a geography teacher.

Everest can "hide" here

The Mariana Trench, also called the Mariana Trench, is located about 340 kilometers from the island of Guam in pacific ocean. It has the shape of a crescent, the length of which is about 2550 kilometers, and the average width is 69 kilometers.

The latest research, conducted in 2011, speaks of a depth of the Mariana Trench of 10,994 meters (with an allowable correction of ± 40 meters). This point is called the Challenger Deep. To understand this scale, it is enough to remember one more interesting fact about our planet: the most high peak world - Everest - at a height of 8,848 meters.

And this means that Everest can easily "hide" in the Mariana Trench, and besides, "hide" with more than two kilometers of water.

Interesting Facts about the deepest point on the planet

Fact number 1. Water pressure in Mariana Trench a thousand times greater than at sea level. So diving into this place is pure water suicide, here it will simply crush.

Fact number 2. Surely everyone thinks that it will be cold at such a depth. In principle, yes, the temperature here varies from 1 to 4 degrees.

However, at a depth of about 1.6 km from the surface of the Pacific Ocean, there are "black smokers" - these are hydrothermal springs that heat water up to 450 degrees. The pressure, which is higher here than on the surface (as much as 155 times!), allows the ocean to “not boil”. And the heat from these sources makes a big contribution to the heat balance of the planet.

Fact number 3. In the Mariana Trench there is a Champagne hydrothermal spring - this is the only underwater area known to date where liquid carbon dioxide. The source was discovered in 2005, it gives a lot of bubbles, for which it got its name.

Fact number 4. At the bottom of the Mariana Trench, giant amoebas were found that reach a length of 10 centimeters (on the surface they are less than 0.5 mm). Most likely, their size was influenced environment and depth, as well as high pressure, cold temperatures and lack of sunlight. And they are very tenacious, they are not taken by uranium, mercury and lead, which would kill people and animals.

Fact number 5. The Mariana Trench is not as sandy as we know it. Its bottom is covered with a layer of viscous mucus. These are the remains of plankton and crushed shells that have accumulated here for centuries. The pressure turns them into thick greyish-yellow fine mud.

Fact number 6. At a depth of about 414 meters on the way to the Mariana Trench is underwater volcano Daikoku. It contains a rare phenomenon - a lake of pure molten sulfur, which boils at 187 degrees. The only place today where there is liquid sulfur is Jupiter's moon Io.

Fact number 7. At the end of 2011, 69 km stone bridges. According to researchers, they formed at the junction of two tectonic plates: Pacific and Philippine. One of them reaches a height of two and a half kilometers, just a whole mountain.

Fact number 8. Despite the fact that the Mariana Trench was discovered a century and a half ago, only three people have visited the deepest place on the planet. American lieutenant Don Walsh and explorer Jacques Picard were the first to dive there on January 23, 1960 on the Trieste. Half a century later, in 2012, film director James Cameron visited here.

He filmed footage on a 3D camera, which formed the basis of a scientific documentary, and also took samples of living organisms and rocks. who is next

Everyone knows about the Mariana Trench, but few people know what other deepest trenches there are. In second place is the Tonga Trench, which is 10,882 meters deep. The third place is occupied by the Philippine Trench next to the islands of the same name. Its depth is 10,554 meters.

Where is the deepest place on Earth? How far is it from the center of the earth? If you put Everest there, will it rise above the surface of the Earth?

Today we will deal with the most deep places, holes, wells, caves, wells in the world, natural and man-made.

1.8 meters

Graves are usually dug at this depth. It is from this depth that the zombies will come out when the time comes.

20 meters

Here are famous Paris catacombs - a network of winding underground tunnels and artificial caves near Paris. The total length, according to various sources, is from 187 to 300 kilometers. Since the end of the 18th century, the remains of almost six million people have been buried in the catacombs.

40 meters

The Hotel Terme Millepini in Italy has adopted this bold strategy by digging a 40-metre-deep tunnel for divers and scuba divers. This is the Y-40 pool. The most interesting point of the deepest is that it is filled thermal water and has a wonderful temperature of 33 degrees Celsius.

105.5 meters

This is the depth Kyiv metro station "Arsenalnaya", which is located on the Svyatoshynsko-Brovarskaya line between the stations "Khreshchatyk" and "Dnepr". This is the deepest metro station in the world.

122 meters

The roots of the tree can penetrate to such a depth. The tree with the deepest roots is a wild ficus growing in Echo Caves near Ohrigstad, South Africa. This tree is native to South Africa. Its roots go to a depth of almost 122 meters.

230 meters

The deepest river This Congo - river in Central Africa. IN downstream Congo breaks through the South Guinea Upland in a deep narrow (in some places no more than 300 meters) gorge, forming Livingston waterfalls (total fall 270 meters), the depths in this section are 230 meters or more, which makes the Congo the most deep river in the world.

240 meters

This is a railway tunnel with a length of 53.85 km. The tunnel descends to a depth of about 240 meters, 100 meters below the seabed. It is the deepest under the seabed and the second longest (after the Gotthard Base Tunnel) railway tunnel in the world.

287 meters

Even deeper is, laid along the bottom of the Sturfjord in the Norwegian province of Møre og Romsdal, connects the cities of Eiksund and Rjanes. Construction began in 2003, the opening ceremony took place on February 17, 2008, and full-fledged traffic was opened on February 23, 2008. With a length of 7765 m, the tunnel goes to a depth of 287 m below sea level - this is the deepest tunnel in the world. The slope of the roadway reaches 9.6%.

382 meters

Woodingdean is an eastern suburb of Brighton and Hove located in East Sussex, England. It is notable for the fact that on its territory there is the deepest well in the world, dug by hand between 1858–1862. The depth of the well is 392 meters.

Of course, it does not look so picturesque, this is just an illustration.

603 meters

Vertigo Cave Vrtoglavica in the Julian Alps. It is located on the territory of Slovenia, near the border with Italy). The cave was discovered by a joint Slovenian-Italian group of speleologists in 1996. Located in the cave world's deepest karst well, its depth is 603 meters.

Fits here easily north tower(its height is 417 m, and taking into account the antenna installed on the roof - 526.3 m).

If you accidentally fall into this hole, you can reach the bottom in 11 seconds.

700 meters

33 miners found themselves under the rubble as a result of August 5, 2010. They spent more than 2 months in captivity at a depth of 700 meters and were considered dead for almost 3 weeks. As a result of 40 days of work, a well was drilled to save the Chilean miners.

970 meters

This the largest dug hole in the earth from the bottom of which you can still see the sky. The Bingham Canyon Quarry in Utah is one of the world's largest man-made formations. After more than 100 years of mining, a large crater 970 meters deep and 4 km wide was formed. This unique canyon was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1966.

This quarry will fit entirely - the most tall building in the world of ever created, which is 828 meters high. And it will not just fit, but more than 140 meters will remain from its “crown” to the surface.

On April 10, 2013, a giant block of earth broke off and rushed into a huge pit in the artificial Bingham Canyon in Utah. Approximately 65 to 70 million cubic meters of earth rattled against the walls of the mine, reaching speeds of up to 150 kilometers per hour. The event was so powerful that it shook the earth - seismic sensors worked, recording an earthquake. The intensity was measured as 2.5 points on the Richter scale.

1642 meters

Most deep lake on the ground. Modern meaning the maximum depth of the lake is 1642 m.

1857 meters

One of deepest canyons in the world. Located on the Colorado Plateau, Arizona, USA. Depth - more than 1800 m.

2199 meters

So we got to the deepest cave in the world. This is the only famous cave in the world deeper than 2 kilometers. The main entrance to the cave is located at an altitude of about 2250 m above sea level.

3132 meters

To date, the deepest mine is located southwest of Johannesburg. Its depth is 3 kilometers. The elevator takes 4.5 minutes to the very bottom, but you can speed up the process: if a person accidentally falls here, then the flight to the bottom will take him 25 seconds.

3600 meters

A living organism was found at such a depth. About a hundred years ago, the English scientist Edward Forbes claimed that there were no living creatures deeper than 500 meters. But in 2011 in a gold mine on the territory South Africa nematode worms have been found. The second name for these 0.5 mm creatures is "the worm from hell."

4500 meters

The deepest mines in the world are located in South Africa: "Tau Tona", "Witwatersrand" - a depth of more than 4500 m, Western Deep Levels Mine (Western mine deep) - 3900 m (De Beers company), Mponeng - 3800 m. The miners have to work in extreme conditions. The heat reaches up to 60 ° C, and at such a depth there is a constant danger of water breakthrough and explosions. These mines produce gold. The journey here takes the miners about 1 hour.

By the way, the Witwatersrand mine produces from 25 to 50% of the gold mined in the world. Mining is also carried out from the deepest mine in the world, Tau-Tona - its depth is more than 4.5 km, the temperature in the workings reaches 52 degrees.

10994 meters

Mariana Trench (or Mariana Trench) - oceanic deep sea trench in the western Pacific Ocean, the deepest known on Earth. It is named after the nearby Mariana Islands. The deepest point of the Mariana Trench is the Challenger Deep. According to measurements in 2011, its depth is 10,994 m below sea level.

It's very deep. If Everest 8848 meters high could be placed here, then more than 2 km would still be left from its top to the surface.

Yes, there is a place on Earth about which we know much less than about deep space - mysterious ocean floor. It is believed that world science has not even really begun to study it...

At a depth of 11 kilometers. At the bottom, the water pressure reaches 108.6 MPa, which is approximately 1072 times higher than the normal atmospheric pressure at the level of the World Ocean.

12262 meters

We got to the very deep well in the world. This . It is located in the Murmansk region, 10 kilometers west of the city of Zapolyarny. Unlike other ultra-deep wells that were drilled for oil production or exploration, SG-3 was drilled exclusively with scientific research purposes in the place where the Mohorovichic boundary comes close to the Earth's surface.

At a depth of five kilometers, the ambient temperature exceeded 70 ° C, at seven - 120 ° C, and at a depth of 12 kilometers, the sensors recorded 220 ° C.

Kola superdeep well, 2007:

The Kola Superdeep was the source of the urban legend about the “well to hell”. This urban legend has been circulating the internet since at least 1997. First time on English language the legend was announced in 1989 on the air of the American television company Trinity Broadcasting Network, which took the story from a Finnish newspaper report published on April Fool's Day. According to this legend, in the very thickness of the earth, at a depth of 12,000 meters, the microphones of scientists recorded cries and groans. The tabloid newspapers write that it is "a voice from the underworld." The Kola super-deep well began to be called the "road to hell" - each new kilometer drilled brought misfortune to the country.

If something is dropped into this hole, 50 seconds will pass before this “something” falls to the bottom.

This is it, the well itself (welded), August 2012:

12376 meters

Which was drilled in Russia on the shelf of Sakhalin Island, is considered the world's deepest oil well. It goes to a depth of about 13 kilometers - this depth is comparable to the height of 14.5 skyscrapers Burj Khalifa, which is still the tallest in the world. This the deepest hole mankind has been able to drill.

On this moment, This the deepest place in the world. And it is only at a depth of about 12.4 km. Is it a lot? Recall that the average distance to the center of the Earth will be 6371.3 kilometers ...

The relief of the earth's surface is very diverse. From space it looks like a smooth ball, but in fact, on its surface there are both the highest mountains and the deepest depressions. Where is the deepest place on earth located? ocean or land?

In contact with

The World Ocean is a huge expanse of water that occupies more than 71% of the Earth's surface. It includes all the seas and our planet. The relief of the ocean floor complex and varied, its waters are the habitat of millions of living organisms.

The deepest ocean in the world is the Pacific. The map shows what it takes huge area and borders Asia, North and South America, Australia, Antarctica. Over 49.5% of all body of water Earth contains the Pacific Ocean itself. Its bottom is a mixture of relict relief with transgressive plains. Most of the ocean floor elevations are of tectonic origin. There are hundreds of natural underwater canyons and ridges. The deepest trench in the world is located in the Pacific Ocean. Mariana Trench.

Mariana Trench

The Mariana Trench (or the Mariana Trench) is a deep oceanic trench, considered deepest known on earth. It received its name in honor of the Mariana Islands, in the neighborhood of which it is located. This is the deepest and mysterious place in the Pacific Ocean.

Scientists have been studying the Mariana Trench since the late 19th century. This is the deepest trench recorded by researchers.

Then they did not have good equipment, so the data that was received is not true. In 1875, a deep water lot set the depth. This the most low point Earth.

During the same period, the deepest place on Earth began to be called the "Challenger Abyss" on behalf of the British ship on which the explorers sailed. Secondarily, the Mariana Trench was measured in 1951.

In the middle of the last century, scientists managed to study the depression more and establish its depth at 10,863 m. In the future, many research ships visited the Challenger Deep. The most accurate results were obtained in 1957. Then the depth of the depression was 11,023 m.

Important! Now the depth of the Mariana Trench is 10,994 meters below sea level, this is the deepest place in the ocean known today.

Inhabitants of the ocean floor

Even at present, the bottom of the Pacific Ocean has not been fully studied, because it is the deepest ocean in the world. Many places in the Mariana Trench remain unexplored, because at such a great depth too high pressure. But, despite all the difficulties, people managed to descend to the depth of the depression. The first dive into the deepest trench happened in 1960. Scientist Jacques Picard and US Navy soldier Don Walsh descended to a record depth of 10,918 meters. During the dive, people were inside the bathyscaphe. Scientists said that they saw at the bottom of the ocean flat 30-centimeter fish, outwardly similar to a flounder.

During further research, other living organisms were discovered:

1. In 1995, Japanese researchers found foraminifera - living organisms that live at a depth of 10,911 m.
2. During a series of dives by American scientists, fish of the opisthoproct family were found, football fish and frilled shark.
3. In the course of numerous studies, the bottom of the Mariana Trench was studied by special probes, which were photographed at a depth of 6000–8000 m of angler, sea devil and other terrifying fish.

There are legends that huge 25-meter sharks are found in the Mariana Trench. Scientists even found trophies - bones, shark teeth and other fossils. But this does not indicate that sharks still live there now. Perhaps they were here far in antiquity.

The deepest places in the world's oceans

Each of the four oceans has its own deep place. The lowest point is in the Pacific Ocean, but what about other trenches and depressions?

Puerto Rico Trench

The Puerto Rico Ocean Trench is located at the junction caribbean and the Atlantic Ocean. The absolute depth of the trench reaches 8385 m. This area, due to the structure of the relief, is often subject to tremors and high volcanic activity. Nearby islands suffer from constant tsunamis and earthquakes.

Java depression

Java Depression (or Sunda Trench) - the deepest place indian ocean. Gutter stretches for 4-5 thousand kilometers, and the lowest point reaches 7729 m. The name of the depression was due to the proximity to the island of Java. The bottom of the trench is an alternation of plains and canyons with ridges and ledges.

Greenland Sea

Part of the Northern Arctic Ocean which is on crossing Iceland with Greenland and Jan Mayen Island is called the Greenland Sea.

Sea area - 1.2 million square meters. km. Average depth of water area is 1444 m, and the deepest point is 5527 m below sea level. Most of the relief of the seabed is a huge basin with underwater ridges.

This deepest trench in Europe. There is a lot of commercial fish here, which is caught by fishermen of nearby islands.

Inland basins of Russia

Deep depressions are located not only in the waters of the oceans. A prime example This is the Baikal Rift, located in. The lake itself is considered the deepest on Earth, so it is not surprising that the lowest inland place is located here. Lake Baikal is surrounded by mountains, so the elevation differences between ocean level and the rift exceeds the mark of 3615 m.

Important! The depression reaches 1637 m in depth and is the largest depth of Lake Baikal.

Depression of Lake Ladoga. Ladoga lake located in the Republic of Karelia. He is considered the largest freshwater lake on the territory of Europe. The average depth of the lake ranges from 70-220 m, but it reaches its absolute maximum in one place - 223 m below sea level.

Caspian Sea. Caspian lake located on the border of Europe and Asia. It is the largest enclosed body of water on earth, which is why it is often referred to as the Caspian Sea.

On the Russian side, the reservoir borders on the islands of the Volga and, but most of The Caspian Sea is located on the territory of Kazakhstan. Max Depth lake is 1025 m below sea level.

Khanty lake. Occupies third place among the deepest places in Russia. The maximum depth here reaches 420 m. The reservoir is located in the Krasnoyarsk Territory. There is not much data about this place, but this is enough to make Khantai Lake one of the deepest places in Russia.

inland depressions

Our Earth is rich in relief. You can see many high mountains, thousands of endless plains and hundreds of depressions. Below is a list of the deepest places recorded worldwide:

• Jordanian rift valley(Ghor) - located at the intersection of Syria, Jordan and Israel. The deepest place is 804 m.
• The depression of Lake Tanganyika is located in Central Africa and is longest freshwater lake in the world. The deepest place is 696 m.
• The Great Slave Lake Depression is located in Canada. Maximum low place- 614 m. This is the deepest trench in North America.
• Great Bear Lake Depression - also located in Canada and is rich uranium deposits. The deepest place is 288 m.

Science's view of the deepest places

Dive to the bottom of the earth with Cameron

Conclusion

In fact, there are dozens of deep places in the world. Many of them can be found at the bottom of reservoirs, others - in the Earth itself. This topic is quite interesting, and scientists are studying such places. Now you know where the deepest place on Earth is located, in which ocean located deepest depression and what interesting places world are studied by experts.

The most mysterious and inaccessible point of our planet - the Mariana Trench - is called the "fourth pole of the Earth." It is located in the western part of the Pacific Ocean and stretches 2926 km long and 80 km wide. At a distance of 320 km south of the island of Guam is the deepest point of the Mariana Trench and the entire planet - 11022 meters. These little-studied depths hide living creatures whose appearance is as monstrous as the conditions of their habitat.

The Mariana Trench is called the "fourth pole of the Earth"

The Mariana Trench, or the Mariana Trench, is an oceanic trench in the western Pacific Ocean, which is the deepest known on Earth geographical objects. Studies of the Mariana Trench were laid by the expedition ( December 1872 - May 1876) English ship Challenger ( HMS Challenger), who carried out the first systematic measurements of the depths of the Pacific Ocean. This three-masted, sail-rigged military corvette was rebuilt as an oceanographic vessel for hydrological, geological, chemical, biological, and meteorological work in 1872.

In 1960, a great event took place in the history of the conquest of the oceans

The Trieste bathyscaphe, piloted by French explorer Jacques Picard and US Navy Lieutenant Don Walsh, reached the deepest point of the ocean floor - the Challenger Deep, located in the Mariana Trench and named after the English ship Challenger, from which the first data were obtained in 1951 about her.

Bathyscaphe "Trieste" before diving, January 23, 1960

The dive lasted 4 hours 48 minutes and ended at 10911 m relative to sea level. At this terrible depth, where a monstrous pressure of 108.6 MPa ( which is more than 1100 times the normal atmospheric) flattens all living things, the researchers made the most important oceanological discovery: they saw two 30-centimeter fish resembling a flounder swim past the porthole. Before that, it was believed that at depths exceeding 6000 m, no life exists.

Thus, an absolute record of diving depth was set, which cannot be surpassed even theoretically. Picard and Walsh were the only people to visit the bottom of the Challenger abyss. All subsequent dives to the deepest point of the oceans, for research purposes, were already made by unmanned bathyscaphes-robots. But there were not so many of them either, since “visiting” the Challenger abyss is both time-consuming and expensive.

One of the achievements of this dive, which had a beneficial effect on the ecological future of the planet, was the refusal of nuclear powers from burial radioactive waste at the bottom of the Mariana Trench. The fact is that Jacques Picard experimentally refuted the opinion that prevailed at that time that at depths of more than 6000 m there is no upward movement of water masses.

In the 1990s, three dives were made by the Japanese Kaiko, controlled remotely from the "mother" vessel via a fiber-optic cable. However, in 2003, while exploring another part of the ocean, a towing steel cable broke during a storm, and the robot was lost. Underwater catamaran Nereus became the third deep-sea vehicle to reach the bottom of the Mariana Trench.

In 2009, humanity again reached the deepest point in the world's oceans.

On May 31, 2009, mankind again reached the deepest point of the Pacific, and indeed of the entire world ocean - an American deep-sea vehicle Nereus. The device took soil samples and conducted underwater photo and video shooting on maximum depth illuminated only by its LED spotlight. During the current dive, Nereus' instruments recorded a depth of 10,902 meters. The indicator was 10,911 meters, and Picard and Walsh measured a value of 10,912 meters. On many Russian maps, the value of 11,022 meters obtained by the Soviet oceanographic vessel Vityaz during the 1957 expedition is still given. All this testifies to the inaccuracy of measurements, and not to a real change in depth: no one carried out cross-calibration of the measuring equipment that gave the given values.

The Mariana Trench is formed by the boundaries of two tectonic plates: the colossal Pacific plate goes under the not so large Philippine plate. This is a zone of extremely high seismic activity, which is part of the so-called Pacific volcanic ring of fire, stretching for 40 thousand km, an area with the most frequent eruptions and earthquakes in the world. The deepest point of the trough is the Challenger Deep, named after the English ship.

The inexplicable and incomprehensible has always attracted people, so scientists around the world are so eager to answer the question: “ What hides in its depths the Mariana Trench?»

The inexplicable and incomprehensible has always attracted people

For a long time, oceanologists considered the hypothesis that at depths of more than 6000 m in impenetrable darkness, under monstrous pressure and at temperatures close to zero, life could exist to be insane. However, the results of research by scientists in the Pacific Ocean have shown that even at these depths, well below the 6000-meter mark, there are huge colonies of living organisms of pogonophores, a type of marine invertebrates that live in long chitinous tubes open at both ends.

IN Lately the veil of secrecy was opened by manned and automatic, made of heavy-duty materials, underwater vehicles equipped with video cameras. As a result, a rich animal community was discovered, consisting of both well-known and less familiar marine groups.

Thus, at depths of 6000 - 11000 km, the following were found:

- barophilic bacteria (developing only at high pressure);

- from the protozoa - foraminifera (a detachment of the protozoan subclass of rhizopods with a cytoplasmic body dressed in a shell) and xenophyophores (barophilic bacteria from protozoa);

- from multicellular - polychaete worms, isopods, amphipods, holothurians, bivalves and gastropods.

At depths there is no sunlight, no algae, salinity is constant, temperatures are low, an abundance of carbon dioxide, enormous hydrostatic pressure (increases by 1 atmosphere for every 10 meters). What do the inhabitants of the abyss eat?

Studies have shown that at a depth of more than 6000 meters there is life

The food sources of deep animals are bacteria, as well as the rain of "corpses" and organic detritus coming from above; deep animals or blind, or with very developed eyes, often telescopic; many fish and cephalopods with photofluores; in other forms, the surface of the body or parts of it glow. Therefore, the appearance of these animals is as terrible and incredible as the conditions in which they live. Among them are terrifying-looking worms 1.5 meters long, without a mouth and anus, mutant octopuses, unusual sea ​​stars and some soft-bodied creatures of two meters in length, which have not yet been identified at all.

Despite the fact that scientists have made a huge step in the research of the Mariana Trench, the questions have not decreased, new mysteries have appeared that have yet to be solved. And the ocean abyss knows how to keep its secrets. Will people be able to open them in the near future? We will follow the news.