What is the name of the highest peak on our planet. The highest mountain in the world. The biggest mountain on earth

Anyone who has ever been in the mountains remembers them for life. This is such an incredible sight that it is simply unrealistic to forget. Here, being at a height, you understand what kind of insect you really are. Here your soul and body rest, here you can truly relax, feel the cold Mountain air think of something higher...

Which mountains are the most popular? Probably the ones you fly down on skis or snowboards. However, over time, you realize that you want to climb higher and wonder - which mountain is the largest in the world? It turns out that the answer is simple - this is Everest, which we were told about at school more than once.

Chomolungma (8852 m)

Everest (or, as it is also called, Chomolungma), which is part of the huge Himalaya mountain system and is located on the territory of Nepal and China, reaches a height of 8852 above sea level! To get to the top, travelers spend weeks and months, and once they get there, they resort to using an oxygen mask - if this is not done, you can stay on top forever, because the air there is very rarefied. For all the time, only about 4,000 people were able to conquer the peak, and about 500 more volunteers try to do it every year, but not everyone succeeds.

Everest is very interesting climate. Grow at the foot of the mountains tropical plants, while at the top it is incredibly cold (up to -70 at night), and the wind speed reaches several hundred meters per second. Even if with such weather conditions you managed to get to the peak, you won't stay there for long. Firstly, the rarefied atmosphere, secondly, severe frost, and thirdly, we must have time to go down, while it is still light. By the way, going down is not much easier than going up. However, many travelers are not at all afraid of this.

Not so long ago, scientists discovered a mountain on Mars, whose height is as much as 21.2 kilometers, that is, it is more than two times higher than Everest. Probably, climbers would be happy to climb it, but we can’t fly to the red planet yet, alas.

Chogori (8611 m)

Chogori - the second tallest Mountain peak after Everest. It was first discovered by researchers in 1856 and at that time they decided to call it K2 in honor of the second peak of the Karakorum. However, years later the mountain got its current name.

Interestingly, the British tried to climb Chogori for the first time at the beginning of the 20th century, but they managed to do it. The Italians were the first to conquer the mountain in 1954.

For a long time it was believed that it was Chogori who was the most high mountain on the planet, since many researchers claimed that its height can reach 8900 meters. And only in 1987, full-fledged measurements were taken, thanks to which it turned out that the true height of Chogori is 8611 m.

Climbing Chogori is technically very difficult, so until the mid-2000s, only about 250 people climbed the mountain, and another 60 died during the ascent. At the same time, successful attempts to climb occurred only in the warm season. Those who tried to conquer the mountain in winter invariably perished.

Kangchenjunga (8586 m)

Kanchenjunga is a mountain range in the Himalayas and is located on the border of India and Nepal. The massif consists of five peaks and all of them are incredibly high, but above all Kanchenjunga Main.

It is not known exactly when the massif was discovered, but it was for a long time that it was considered the highest mountains until the middle of the 19th century. The first attempts to conquer the summit began in 1905, when the expedition led by Aleister Crowley was able to climb only to a height of 6200 meters. The next attempt took place in 1929, but it also ended in failure. But the members of the expedition led by Charles Evans were finally able to reach the peak on May 25, 1955. The ascent took place from the side of the Yalung glacier.

Usually, with the development of technology, mortality when climbing mountains falls, but this does not apply to Kanchenjunga. The fact is that the number of cases that end tragically is only increasing. Interestingly, almost all the women who tried to conquer the mountain died. At local residents there is even a legend that the mountain kills all women who try to climb it because of jealousy.

Lhotse (8516 m)

Lhotse is part of the Mahalangur Himal mountain range, located on the border of China and Nepal. It has three peaks, the height of the main of which reaches 8516 m.

The first successful conquest of the peak took place in 1956 - then the participants of the Swiss expedition were able to do it. In 1990, the Russians, led by A. Shevchenko, were able to climb the mountain along the South Face. At the moment, their record has not been conquered, since climbing Lhotse this way is incredibly difficult. One of the participants of that expedition says that this happened only due to the fact that Soviet Union was able to bring together 17 excellent professionals who knew how to work harmoniously with each other.

According to 2003 data, the total number of those who got to the top is about 240, and about 12 died.

Makalu (8481 m)

Number five on our list of the highest mountains is Makalu or the Black Giant. This is a mountain range located in the Himalayas. It has several peaks, the main of which reaches a height of 8481 m.

Like several other participants in our rating, the mountain is located on the border of China and Nepal, located 22 km from Chomolungma. According to historical data, Makalu has been known to Europeans since at least the beginning of the 19th century, but the first attempts to conquer the peak began to occur only in the middle of the 20th century. Why? The explanation is simple - most experts at that time wanted to conquer the most high mountains, which were Everest and Lhotse, and the rest of them were much less interested. However, over time, this situation has changed radically.

First successful ascent main summit was perfect in 1955 - a French group led by Jean Franco managed to do this. They climbed the mountain northern route. Later there were successful ascents on other routes. If we talk about the Slavs, then the Ukrainians from the city of Sumy were the last to climb Makalu, whose journey took two whole months.

Cho Oyu (8188 m)

Another mountain peak in the Himalayas, located on the border of Nepal and China - Cho Oyu, whose height reaches 8188 m. It belongs to mountain range Mahalangur Himal and is part of mountain range Chomolungma.

Not far from Cho Oyu there is the Nangpa La pass, covered with ice. Its height reaches 5716 m. It is through it that the trade path passes, along which the inhabitants of Nepal get to Tibet. From the side of the latter, it is very easy to climb the mountain, but from the side of Nepal, it is incredibly difficult to do this, since a sheer wall lies in wait for travelers.

The first successful ascent to the peak occurred in 1952.

Dhaulagiri (8167 m)

Continuing our list, it is impossible not to mention Dhaulagiri or the White Mountain, as it is sometimes called. Dhaulagiri is a mountain range in the Himalayas, which has many peaks, the highest of which is Dhaulagiri I - its height reaches 8167 m.

The first ascent to the mountain took place in the middle of the 20th century, but a successful conquest occurred only in 1960, when a team of the best European climbers decided to climb to the top. This took place in May, and the first winter ascent was made by the Japanese Akio Koizumi in 1982, together with the Sherpa Nima Wangchu.

Manaslu (8156 m)

Completes our list of Manaslu (Kutang), located in the Himalayas. The mountain is part of the Mansiri-Himal mountain range, which is located in northern Nepal. Manaslu has three peaks: main, eastern and northern. The first is the highest of them, its height reaches 8156 m.

The first successful ascent to the summit was made in 1956. The number of deaths during the ascent for the entire time was about 20 percent, which is a lot, although you can’t tell from the photo.

Today, the mountain and its surrounding areas are part of the Manaslu National Park, which was founded 15 years ago.

Tops of the most-most can be created by almost everything that is on the planet. This applies to the forms of the earth's surface, plants, buildings, etc. Reading about them, and even more so seeing them, is very interesting and informative.

In this article, we will talk about what even schoolchildren study, but only superficially. It will be about the highest mountains on planet Earth. After all, a rare traveler does not dream of conquering the top of one of them.

Top highest mountain peaks in the world

Many still know from the school bench the name of the highest mountain on the planet and where it is located. This or Chomolungma, located on the border of China with Nepal. Its height is 8848 m above sea level. For the first time its peak was conquered in 1953, and after that this height is the goal of climbers from all over the world.

Not far from the highest mountain in the world, Everest, is the second highest peak - Chogori, 8611 m. It is located on the border of China with Pakistan. Climbers consider it one of the most difficult to climb.

Both of these heights are in . In addition to them, there are also Annapurna I, Dhaulagiri, Kanchenjunga, Lhotse, Makalu, Manaslu, Nangaparbat, Cho Oyu. Their height is over 8000 m.

You may get the impression that all high mountains are only in the Asian part of the planet. But this is not so, there are also on other continents.

It is located on the African continent, on the territory of the Tanzania National Park of the same name. This is not just a mountain, it is a volcano with three peaks: Shira, Mawenzi and Kiba. The first two are already extinct, and the third is only sleeping, so he can wake up at any moment and start spewing lava.

This is the most high peak in the ridge Caucasus mountains Russia. Also is extinct volcano. It has two peaks, differing by 21m in height. Due to the fact that the upper part of the mountain is covered with a permanent snow cap, it is also called Ming Tau, Yalbuz and Oshkhamakho. The snow lying on Elbrus gives rise to and regularly feeds several rivers in this region, such as the Baksan and Kuban.

This pride North America located in Alaska, in the Denali National Park. It was named after the American President. Prior to that, it was called Denali or simply Big Mountain. Due to its northern location, the best time to climb McKinley is from May to July. After all, the rest of the time at the top there is a fairly strong lack of oxygen.

Located in Argentina on the continent South America, Mount Aconcagua, despite its height, is one of the easiest for climbers. This is due to the fact that if you climb the northern slope, you will not need additional equipment (ropes, hooks). She belongs to mountain system Andes and consists of several separate glaciers.

Few people know which mountain is considered the highest on the mainland Antarctica, because it is not particularly populated. But scientists have found that on the Sentinel Range in the Ellsworth Mountains there is a massif 13 km wide and about 20 km long. The highest point of this hill was called Vinson's Peak. It is poorly studied, because it was discovered only in the 50s of the 20th century.

Even in the vastness of Oceania there is a high mountain - this is Punchak Jaya, on the island New Guinea. It is also considered the highest mountain in Australia.

As you can see, even though Everest is the highest mountain in the world, every continent can boast of its own giant.

The relief of our planet is bizarre, deep depressions replaced by high mountains. There are 14 peaks on Earth that have “surpassed” the 8,000 m mark. But the highest of the “eight-thousanders”, which at first glance, are inaccessible, are especially attractive for climbers.

Conquering the highest peak on the planet is the dream of all climbers. What are the highest mountains in the world?

Fifth place - Makalu (8485 meters, Himalayas)

Opens the rating of the five highest mountains of Makalu Land. Located almost in the center of the Himalayas, on the border of China and Nepal, the peak is part of the Mahalangur-Hemal mountain range. Extremely steep slopes and year-round glaciation make the mountain incredibly difficult to climb, with less than a third of all expeditions succeeding. The first successful attempt to conquer the summit was recorded in 1955. 26 climbers died during the ascents.

The mountain range consists of two peaks, its shape resembles a four-sided pyramid. Local population treats Makalu with reverence and some fear, respectfully calling her the "Black Giant". Makalu peak height 8485 meters.

Fourth place - Lhotse (8516 meters, Himalayas)

The nearest "neighbor" of Everest is only 3 km, Lhotse is located on the border of China and Nepal and is part of the Nepalese national park Sagarmatha. Known for a long time, the mountain was conquered only in 1956. Of all the "eight-thousanders", the summit has the least number of routes, and successful ascents make up only 25%.

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The mountain has an unusual shape of a trihedral pyramid, it has three peaks, and each one is higher than 8000 meters. Translated from Tibetan, the name Lhotse sounds like “southern peak”. The height of this mountain is 8516 meters.

Third place - Kanchenjunga (Himalayas)

Kanchenjunga is the third highest mountain peak in the world, its height is 8586 meters. Until the middle of the century before last, until Chogori and Everest were discovered, it was considered the highest in the world. The first successful ascent of the mountain happened in 1954. During the conquest of the summit, 40 climbers died. Moreover, contrary to the trend characteristic of other "eight-thousanders", the death rate does not decrease over time, but rather increases. According to Nepalese legend, Kanchenjunga is a mountain woman who, out of jealousy, kills women seeking to conquer the peak.

Located on the border of India and Nepal, the peak is extremely picturesque; in translation, its name sounds like “5 Treasures of the Great Snows”. The extraordinary beauty of Kanchenjunga captivated the Russian philosopher and educator Nicholas Roerich. On canvases, he captured the unique natural charm mountain top.

Everyone knows that the highest mountain is Everest. Can you name the second tallest? Or at least three more from the TOP-10 list? How many eight-thousanders are there in the world? By the way, the highest mountain is not even Everest...
No. 10. Annapurna I (Himalayas) - 8091 meters

Annapurna I is the highest peak of the Annapurna mountain range. The height of the mountain is 8091 meters. It ranks tenth among all the peaks in the world. Also, this peak is considered the most dangerous - the mortality rate of climbers for all the years of ascents is 32%, however, in the period from 1990 to the present, the mortality rate has decreased to 17%.

The name Annapurna is translated from Sanskrit as "Goddess of Fertility". The summit was conquered for the first time in 1950 by French climbers Maurice Herzog and Louis Lachenal. Initially, they wanted to conquer Dhaulagiri, but found it impregnable and went to Annapurna.

No. 4. Lhotse (Himalayas) - 8516 meters

Lhotse is the fourth highest peak in the world, at 8516 meters. Located in the Tibetan autonomous region. The first successful ascent was made on May 18, 1956 by a Swiss expedition consisting of Ernst Reiss and Fritz Luchsinger.

Of all attempts to climb Lhotse, only 25% were successful.

No. 3. Kanchenjunga (Himalayas) - 8586 meters.

Kanchenjunga ranks third in the ranking of the highest peaks in the world. The height of the peak is 8586 meters. Until 1852, Kanchenjunga was considered the highest peak in the world, but after calculations based on the data of the 1849 expedition, it was proved that the highest mountain is Everest. Kanchenjunga was first climbed on May 25, 1955 by George Band and Joe Brown.

At all peaks in the world, there is a tendency for mortality to decrease over time, but Kangchenjunga is an exception. IN last years the death rate while climbing to the top has reached 23% and is only growing. There is a legend in Nepal that Kanchenjunga is a mountain woman who kills all women who try to climb to its top.

No. 2. K2 or Chogori (Karakorum) - 8614 meters

K2 is the second highest peak in the world. Chogori was first discovered by a European expedition in 1856 and was designated as Mount K2, that is, the second peak of the Karakorum. The first attempt to climb was made in 1902 by Oscar Eckenstein and Aleister Crowley, but ended in failure.

The summit was conquered in 1954 by an Italian expedition led by Ardito Desio. To date, 10 different routes have been laid to the top of K2.

Climbing K2 is technically much more difficult than climbing Everest. In terms of danger, the mountain ranks second among the eight-thousanders after Annapurna, the mortality rate is 24%. None of the attempts to climb Chogori in winter were successful.

No. 1. Chomolungma (Himalayas) - 8848 meters

Chomolungma (Everest) - the highest peak of the Earth. Translated from the Tibetan "Chomolungma" - "Divine (jomo) Mother (ma) of vital energy (lung)". The mountain is named after the Bon goddess Sherab Chzhamma.
The English name "Everest" was given in honor of Sir George Everest, chief surveyor of British India in 1830–1843. This name was proposed in 1856 by George Everest's successor Andrew Waugh after the publication of the results of his collaborator Radhanath Sikdar, who in 1852 first measured the height of "Peak XV" and showed that it was the highest in the region and probably in the whole world.

Until the moment of the first successful ascent to the peak, which took place in 1953, there were about 50 expeditions to the Himalayas and Karakorum (to Chomolungma, Chogori, Kanchenjunga, Nangaparbat and other peaks). On May 29, 1953, New Zealand climber Edmund Hillary and Sherpa Tenzing Norgay conquered Everest.
In subsequent years, climbers conquered the highest peak in the world different countries world - the USSR, China, USA, India, Japan, and other countries. For all the time, when trying to climb Mount Everest, more than 260 people died on it. Nevertheless, more than 400 people try to conquer Chomolungma every year.

Everyone knows that the highest mountain is Everest. Can you name the second tallest? Or at least three more from the TOP-10 list? How many eight-thousanders do you know in the world? Answers under the cut...

No. 10. Annapurna I (Himalayas) - 8091 meters

Annapurna I is the highest peak of the Annapurna mountain range. The height of the mountain is 8091 meters. It ranks tenth among all the peaks in the world. Also, this peak is considered the most dangerous - the mortality rate of climbers for all the years of ascents is 32%, however, in the period from 1990 to the present, the mortality rate has decreased to 17%.

The name Annapurna is translated from Sanskrit as "Goddess of Fertility".

The summit was conquered for the first time in 1950 by French climbers Maurice Herzog and Louis Lachenal. Initially, they wanted to conquer Dhaulagiri, but found it impregnable and went to Annapurna.

No. 9. Nanga Parbat (Himalayas) - 8125 meters.

Nanga Parbat is one of the most dangerous mountains for climbing among the eight-thousanders. The height of the peak of Nanga Parbat is 8125 meters.

Of the Europeans, Adolf Schlagintveit first noticed the peak in the 19th century during his trip to Asia and made the first sketches.

In 1895, the first attempt to conquer the summit was made by British climber Albert Frederick Mummery. But he died along with his guides.

Then several more attempts were made to conquer in 1932, 1934, 1937, 1939, 1950. But the first successful conquest occurred in 1953, when Hermann Buhl, a member of the German-Austrian expedition led by K. Herligkoffer, climbed Nangaparbat.
Nanga Parbat has a climber death rate of 21%.

No. 8. Manaslu (Himalayas) - 8156 meters.

Manaslu (Kutang) is a mountain that is part of the Mansiri-Himal mountain range in Nepal.
In 1950, Tilman made the first reconnaissance of the mountain and noted that it was possible to climb it from the northeast side. And only 34 years later, after several unsuccessful attempts to conquer the summit, on January 12, 1984, Polish climbers Ryszard Gajewski and Maciej Berbeka first ascended the main peak of Manaslu, conquering it.
The mortality rate among climbers on Manaslu is 16%.

No. 7. Dhaulagiri I (Himalayas) - 8167 meters.

Dhaulagiri I - highest point Dhaulagiri mountain range in the Himalayas. The height of the peak is 8167 meters.

From 1808 to 1832, Dhaulagiri I was considered the highest peak in the world. Climbers paid attention to it only in the 50s of the 20th century, and only the eighth expedition was able to conquer the summit. The team of the best climbers in Europe, led by Max Eiselin, conquered the summit on May 13, 1960.

In Sanskrit, dhavala or dala means "white" and giri means "mountain".

No. 6. Cho Oyu (Himalayas) - 8201 meters.

Cho Oyu is the sixth highest mountain peak in the world. The height of Cho Oyu is 8201 m.

The first successful ascent was made in 1954 by an Austrian expedition consisting of Herbert Tichy, Josef Jehler and Pazang Dawa Lama. For the first time, an attempt was made to conquer such a peak without oxygen masks and cylinders, and she was a success. With its success, the expedition opened a new page in the history of mountaineering.

To date, 15 different routes have been laid to the top of Cho Oyu.

No. 5. Makalu (Himalayas) - 8485 meters.

Makalu is the fifth highest peak in the world. located in central Himalayas, on the border of Nepal with China (Tibetan autonomous region).

The first attempts to climb began in the mid-50s of the 20th century. This can be explained by the fact that most of the expeditions wanted to conquer Chomolungma and Lhotse, while Makalu and other lesser known neighboring peaks remained in the shadows.

The first successful expedition happened in 1955. French climbers led by Lionel Terray and Jean Cozy reached the summit on May 15, 1955.

Makalu is one of the most difficult peaks for the ascent. Less than 30% of expeditions achieve success.

To date, 17 different routes have been laid to the top of Makalu.

No. 4. Lhotse (Himalayas) - 8516 meters.

Lhotse is the fourth highest peak in the world, at 8516 meters. Located in the Tibet Autonomous Region.

The first successful ascent was made on May 18, 1956 by a Swiss expedition consisting of Ernst Reiss and Fritz Luchsinger.

Of all attempts to climb Lhotse, only 25% were successful.

No. 3. Kanchenjunga (Himalayas) - 8586 meters.

Until 1852, Kanchenjunga was considered the highest peak in the world, but after calculations based on the data of the 1849 expedition, it was proved that the highest mountain is Everest.

At all peaks in the world, there is a tendency for mortality to decrease over time, but Kangchenjunga is an exception. In recent years, the death rate while climbing to the top has reached 23% and is only growing. There is a legend in Nepal that Kanchenjunga is a mountain woman who kills all women who try to climb to its top.

No. 2. Chogori (Karakoram) - 8614 meters.

Chogori is the second highest peak in the world. Chogori was first discovered by a European expedition in 1856 and was designated as Mount K2, that is, the second peak of the Karakorum.
The first attempt to climb was made in 1902 by Oscar Eckenstein and Aleister Crowley, but ended in failure.

The summit was conquered in 1954 by an Italian expedition led by Ardito Desio.

To date, 10 different routes have been laid to the top of K2.
Climbing Chogori is technically much more difficult than climbing Everest. In terms of danger, the mountain ranks second among the eight-thousanders after Annapurna, the mortality rate is 24%. None of the attempts to climb Chogori in winter were successful.

No. 1. Chomolungma (Himalayas) - 8848 meters.

Chomolungma (Everest) - the highest peak of the Earth.

Translated from the Tibetan "Chomolungma" - "Divine (jomo) Mother (ma) of vital energy (lung)". The mountain is named after the Bon goddess Sherab Chzhamma.

The English name "Everest" was given in honor of Sir George Everest, the head of the Survey of British India in 1830-1843. This name was proposed in 1856 by George Everest's successor Andrew Waugh after the publication of the results of his collaborator Radhanath Sikdar, who in 1852 first measured the height of "Peak XV" and showed that it was the highest in the region and probably in the whole world.

Until the moment of the first successful ascent to the peak, which took place in 1953, there were about 50 expeditions to the Himalayas and Karakorum (to Chomolungma, Chogori, Kanchenjunga, Nangaparbat and other peaks).

On May 29, 1953, New Zealand climber Edmund Hillary and Sherpa Tenzing Norgay conquered Everest.

In subsequent years, the highest peak in the world was conquered by climbers from different countries of the world - the USSR, China, the USA, India, Japan, and other countries.

For all the time, when trying to climb Mount Everest, more than 260 people died on it. Nevertheless, more than 400 people try to conquer Chomolungma every year.

The answer to the question about eight-thousanders is that there are 14 of them in the world, 10 of them are in the Himalayas, and the remaining 4 are in the Karakorum.