What country is Khujand in? History of Khujand. Entertainment and attractions of Khujand

Khujand (sometimes transliterated as Khojent, Khujand) is an ancient city in the northern part of Tajikistan, the administrative center of the Sughd region (formerly called Leninabad), in Soviet times from 1936 to 1991. called Leninabad. The second largest city in Tajikistan after Dushanbe, the most important transport hub, as well as the political, economic, cultural and scientific center of the country.

The history of the city goes back to ancient times. Modern historical science believes that the archaic Khujand existed during the Achaemenid dynasty, that is, before the arrival of the troops of Alexander the Great to the banks of the Syr Darya. Having captured the city, they fortified it, calling Alexandria Eskhata (Extreme).

In subsequent periods, Khujand more than once had to find itself in the center of historical events. In the 8th century it was captured by the Arabs, in the XIII century. the city offered fierce resistance to the Mongol invaders, temporarily delaying the advance of the hordes of Genghis Khan to the west.

Since ancient times, Khujand, being at the crossroads of trade routes of the East, has been one of the most important economic, military-strategic and cultural centers of Maverannahr. The Great Silk Road passed through it, connecting ancient Greece, Rome, Asia Minor, Egypt, Iran with India, China and Japan. Khujand was the birthplace of famous astronomers, mathematicians, doctors, historians, poets, musicians. One of them is Abumahmud Khujandi, the founder of the local astronomical school, an outstanding authority in world science. "The nightingale of Khujand" was called in the XIV century Kamoli Khujandi - the author of the famous gazelles. Equally popular in the Middle Ages was the outstanding poetess, musician and dancer Mahasti. In the 19th century, such cultural figures as Toshkhoja Asiri, Sodirkhon Hafiz, Khoji Yusuf were actively engaged in educational work in Khujand.

On May 24, 1866, the city was occupied by the Russian army and became part of the Russian Empire. The entry into the empire of the center of a densely populated district, which had rich economic resources, the most important road junction between the Fergana Valley, the Tashkent oasis and the Zeravshan Valley, a major trading point, opened up new opportunities for the development of Khujand. In July 1916, Khujand was the first among the cities of Central Asia to openly oppose the colonial policy of tsarism, which tried to attract Tajiks, among other peoples of the region, to participate in the First World War (the Central Asian uprising of 1916).

At the beginning of 1918, Soviet power was established in the city, on October 2, 1929, it was included in the Tajik SSR. During the years of Soviet construction in the city that now bore the name of Leninabad, tremendous changes took place in all areas of economic, social and cultural life. In the post-war period, Khujand became the largest industrial and cultural center of Tajikistan after Dushanbe. The industry of the city has become diversified, equipped with advanced domestic and foreign technology. The pride of the people of Khujand was one of the largest enterprises of the republic - a silk factory. In 1991, dozens of enterprises in Khujand produced the same amount of industrial output in a day as in all of pre-revolutionary Tajikistan in a year. The industrial products of the Khujand people were known far beyond the borders of our Motherland. Only the fabrics of the silk factory were sent to 450 cities of the USSR and to foreign countries. Since the 60s, Khujand has been actively expanding its borders. The city stepped onto the right bank of the Syr Darya, throwing two bridges over it. During the years of Soviet power, fundamental changes have taken place in the field of health care. By 1991, there were 40 medical and preventive institutions in Khujand, in which about 2.5 thousand doctors and specialists with higher and secondary medical qualifications worked. education. Major changes have taken place in the field of public education. In 1991 there were 30 schools in Khujand with about 30,000 students.

In 1932, the Pedagogical Institute was opened in Khujand, where there were only 26 students. Today, more than 10 thousand students study at 13 faculties of this university, which was transformed into Khujand State University in 1991. During the post-war decades, literature and art reached a new flowering in Khujand, a whole galaxy of poets and writers, artists and composers, craftsmen grew up. Khujand became more and more beautiful, took on the appearance of a large, industrialized city. In 1986, he celebrated his anniversary - the 2500th anniversary of its founding. In connection with this Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, the city was awarded the Order of Friendship of Peoples.

The role and weight of ancient Khujand increased even more during the period of sovereign development of Tajikistan. It was here that the most important step was taken towards ending the fratricidal war and achieving national accord on Tajik soil: the XVI session of the Supreme Council, held in Khujand in November 1992, restored the constitutional order in the republic and nominated a new leader, E. Sh. Rakhmonov, to the political arena .

Khujand majestically spreads out in the picturesque floodplain of the Syrdarya River at an altitude of more than three hundred meters above sea level. Today Khujand is the largest industrial and cultural center of Northern Tajikistan and the second largest city in the republic. The geographical location and climatic conditions of Khujand are truly beneficial. Therefore, the Ferghana Valley, where it is located, is considered the pearl of Central Asia: the mountain landscape, the ever-flowing waters of the Syr Darya, clean air, green attire, an abundance of grapes, fruits and other gifts of nature make Khujand an eternally young garden city. Khujand is the administrative center of the Sughd region of the Republic of Tajikistan, the second city in the republic in terms of the number of inhabitants and the volume of industrial production. It is located in the intermountain passage leading to the Ferghana Valley, on the most important caravan trade route of Antiquity. The Syrdarya River flows through the city. From the city center to the railway. station - 11 km, to Dushanbe - 341 km. Khujand is connected by railways, air and automobile routes.

Monument to Kamol Khujandi
Installed in 1996 in honor of the 675th anniversary of the poet's birth. Located on the square "Stars of Khujand". The main idea is to convey his image as a thinker, philosopher and show his inner world. Against the background are depicted wings that personify the holiness of man and at the same time designate the wings of inspiration of poetry. The poet's face is turned to the place of his birth and towards the sunset. The height of the seated figure is 3.5 m, the height of the wings is 5.5 m. The area occupied by the monument is 1000 sq. m. m. In order to create the image of a strong man, spiritually rich, who has traveled a lot, the sculpture was deliberately created barefoot, as there are canons of sculpture about the beauty of the human body. Author artist sculptor K. N. Nadyrov. A similar monument of the same author was erected in 1997 in Tabriz at the burial place of the poet.

Khujand fortress
An integral part of the fortification system of the city. Founded in the VI-V centuries. BC e. According to the data obtained by the North-Tajik Archaeological Complex Expedition (STAKE), the Khujand fortress was first surrounded by an artificial rampart, later by a wall of considerable thickness made of mud. The city and the citadel, the components of ancient Khujand, had separate fortress walls surrounded by a wide and deep moat filled with water. The remains of these fortifications were found under the central part of the left-bank Khujand and surround the territory of the ancient city with an area of ​​20 hectares.

With the development of the economy, trade, system of government and population, the city grows. In the VI-VII centuries a new fortress was built. Medieval Khujand consisted of three main parts: the citadel, shakhristan and rabad. The citadel was located on the banks of the Syr Darya at the gates of the rabad. The medieval Khujand fortress was considered one of the most fortified in Central Asia.

During the invasion of Genghis Khan (1219-1220), a 25,000-strong army with 50,000 Central Asian captives was sent to besiege the city. The heroic defense of the Khujand fortress and the nearby island on the Syr Darya under the leadership of Timurmalik is one of the brightest pages in the history of the liberation struggle of the Tajik people. As a result of the Mongol invasion, the Khujand fortress was destroyed. According to the historian Hofiz Abru, at the beginning of the 15th century the fortress lay in ruins. According to Zahiriddin Babur, already at the end of the 15th century, the fortress was restored and was the residence of the local ruler.

Mosque Masjidi Jami
The complex of Sheikh Muslihiddin, a monument of folk architecture of the 16th century. Located on the western side of Panjshanbe Square. The facade of the building faces the street. Shark. The mosque was built in 1512-1513. A multi-column (30 columns) aivan adjoins the eastern wall of the winter hall, also multi-column (20 columns), and enters the courtyard of the mosque. The long southern wall of the mosque without any openings faces Shark Street. Only on the right, on the edge of the wall, is the entrance device of the darvoz-khon with a deep peshtak - a portal. The layout of the columns in the mosque is subject to a modular grid: six rows of four columns (30 modular squares) are repeated on the iwan, and five rows of four columns in the winter room. The two middle columns along the northern facade of the aivan are carved to the full height and carry an elevated part of the architrave with massive inlaid stalactites that have preserved the remains of the painting. At the entrance and above the mihrab, three plank squares of the ceiling are painted, but the colors have become very dark and partly crumbled. The walls are covered with good carved decor, mostly geometric motifs. Both doors of the winter hall are distinguished by fine, elegant carvings. Structurally, the building is framed with raw filling and subsequent plastering with stucco mortar. The gaps between the frame are used to create niches at the mihrab both in the winter hall and on the aivan. The roof of the mosque is flat earthen with clay-adobe coating. The foundation on which the walls of the building stand is made of burnt bricks. The courtyard of the mosque from the east and partly from the north is limited by one-story hujras. In the north-eastern part of the courtyard there is a minaret with a traditional lantern decorated with arched openings, from where a beautiful panorama of the city opens. Entrance portal facing the street. Shark, is distinguished by tiled cladding and carved ganch panels on the facade. The high portal represents only the front decorative wall made of baked bricks, supplemented on the north side with two-story adobe buildings with a wooden aivan at the top. The carved portal gates were made in 1513-1514. Mullah Mansur (painting), usto Shamsidtsin (ganch carving) and others took part in the decoration of the mosque. The mosque, in general, has a surprisingly harmonious image and is a magnificent example of the synthesis of decorative art and the building culture of Khujand.

The city of Khujand is located in the north of Tajikistan, in the picturesque valley of the Syr Darya River. Modern Khujand is the largest cultural and industrial center of Northern Tajikistan. In addition, it is considered the second in the republic in terms of population.

Khujand is the most ancient city of Tajikistan. According to historical data, it was founded during the time of Alexander the Great, about 2500 years ago. Now, it is a cozy city with many parks and squares, very hospitable people. The Syr Darya is a river flowing through the center of the city and is considered a great place for recreation and swimming. By the way, Khujand is the only city built on this river.

The main attraction of Khujand is the Panchshanbe city bazaar - this is one of the most famous and largest covered markets in Central Asia. Translated from the Tajik "panchshanbe" means Thursday, it was on this day that the busiest trade used to be. Next to the bazaar is a magnificent architectural monument - the mosque-mausoleum of Sheikh Muslihiddin. Guests of Khujand can visit the city park named after. Kamola Khujandi and the fortress located next to it. On its territory is the famous Museum of Archeology.

Coordinates: 40.29000200,69.63300700

Khujand fortress

The Khujand fortress is a historical and architectural landmark of the city of Khujand, associated with the liberation struggle of the Tajik people under the leadership of commander Temurmalik. According to the data received from the North-Tajik archaeological complex expedition, the fortress was part of the fortification system of the city and was built in the 6th-5th centuries BC.

During the invasion of Genghis Khan, about 25,000 soldiers were sent to besiege the city, as well as 50,000 Central Asian captives. The courageous defense of the Khujand fortress, as well as the island located not far from it, is one of the brightest pages in the history of the struggle of the people of Tajikistan.

In the 6th-7th centuries, a new one was erected on the site of the ancient Khujand fortress, it was considered one of the most fortified in Central Asia. At the beginning of the 15th century, the citadel was completely destroyed as a result of the Mongol invasion and lay in ruins for a long time. According to historical data, it was restored at the end of the 16th century and was the residence of a wealthy local ruler.

At present, it has been completely restored; the Historical Museum of the Sughd Region is located here.

Coordinates: 40.28516100,69.61847300

What sights of Khujand did you like? There are icons next to the photo, by clicking on which you can rate a particular place.

Mosque Masjidi Jami

One of the many attractions of the Tajik city of Khujand is the beautiful cathedral mosque Masjidi Jami, built in 1512-1513. This building is a magnificent example of the interpenetration of the building culture of Central Asia and decorative art. Tourists are impressed by the local openwork 30-columned aivan - a vaulted room surrounded by a wall from those sides. It adjoins the eastern wall of the mosque, its two middle columns are decorated with carvings, some of them have the remains of paintings.

The walls of Masjidi Jami are covered with beautiful carved decor, mostly of geometric motifs. The doors of the winter hall of the mosque are also distinguished by fine, elegant carvings. In the north-eastern part of the monastery there is a traditional minaret with a wonderful domed lantern and arched openings from which a beautiful panorama of the city opens. In general, the mosque has a surprisingly harmonious image, which is perfectly combined with the nearby buildings of Panjshanbe Square.

Coordinates: 40.27883000,69.63037700

The full-flowing Syrdarya River is the first in length and the second in full-flowing river of Central Asia, which flows 105 kilometers through the north of Tajikistan. It is formed by the confluence of the Naryn and Karadarya rivers in the east of the Ferghana Valley.

The Syrdarya River crosses Tajikistan in the north, flowing through the Osh, Sughd regions and the administrative center of the second of them - the city of Khujand. The river flows through the Ferghana Valley, the Farhad Mountains and the Hungry Steppe. Its waters replenish the rivers Angren, Chirchik, Keles and Arys. At present, the Syrdarya River flows into the northern section of the former Aral Sea, which is now called the "Small Sea". Today, the waters of the Syrdarya River are used for economic needs, in connection with this, the volume of runoff at the mouth of the river has decreased over 50 years by more than 10 times. The beauty and mystery of the Syrdarya River will captivate more and more new adventurers every year.

Coordinates: 40.20929400,69.39926100

West of the Ferghana Depression

The west of the Fergana depression is one of the most picturesque places on the territory of the Khodzhekent region in Tajikistan, which stretches along the tectonic depression of the Tien Shan mountain range in the middle reaches of the Syrdarya River.

The Ferghana Depression is located between the Kuraminsky Range, the Mogoltau Mountains and the Chatkal Mountain Range. On the territory of Tajikistan, only its western part is located, in comparison with the entire valley, it is small in area. The only exit from it is located in the Khodzhekent region of the Republic of Tajikistan - the so-called "Bekabad gates", 20 meters wide. An interesting place in the west of the Ferghana Depression is the Hungry Steppe, which got its awesome name due to the lack of water and any conditions for life on its territory. The absolute height of the valley in the country is 250-300 meters. The west of the Fergana depression amazes its visitors with an abundance of colors and magnificent landscapes.

Coordinates: 39.48708500,69.09130100

Republican Museum of History and Local Lore Abu Abdallah Rudaki

The Republican Local History Museum was opened in 1958. in honor of the talented classic of Tajik-Persian literature Abu Abdallah Jafar Rudaki, so the building bears his name. The museum was built according to the project of the famous architect A.I. Makukha, the entrance doors for it were created by the honored worker of arts Barotbek Yuldoshbekov. Here is a collection of items related to archeology, history, culture, life and customs, nature of Tajikistan.

The Museum named after Abu Abdallah Rudaki is located in the north of the city of Penjikent, on the street of the same name. There are eight halls in the building, each of which reflects a separate page of the country's history. The first three halls deal with the history of the city of Sarazm, ancient Penjikent and the Samanid state. In the next rooms you can get acquainted with ethnography, nature, learn about the modern period of development of Tajikistan. There is also a separate room in the museum where interesting information about the life of Abu Abdallah Rudaki is collected. Labeling in the museum is presented in three languages ​​- Tajik, Russian and English.

Coordinates: 39.49518000,67.59638800

Museum of History and Local Lore" of Archeology and Fortification

The local history museum of Khujand, dedicated to archeology and fortification, is the heart of the city. It was opened on November 29, 1986 in honor of the celebration of the 2500th anniversary of Khujand. The museum building is located in the eastern part of the old Khujand fortress of the 8th-10th centuries, which was restored in 1999. Once the walls of the fortress were part of the powerful fortification system of the city.

Externally, the museum imitates the appearance of a medieval building with thick walls made of mud bricks and high towers. Inside, in a room with an area of ​​150 square meters, there are halls of the medieval history of the city, the architectural features of buildings in it, the history of the study of Khujand and its researchers. The most valuable finds that take pride of place in the exposition are ceramics of the ancient and medieval periods. It is also interesting here to look at the many maps and plans of Khujand from different eras. In total, the museum has more than 1200 exhibits.

The museum is hospitably open from 8.00 to 17.00 every day, on weekends it is open from 9.00 to 16.00.

Coordinates: 40.28476400,69.63301100

Museum of History and Local Lore of Istaravshan

The local history museum in Istaravshan became an independent museum only in 1980, before that it had functioned since 1963 as a department of the local history museum of the city of Khujand. Currently, it presents more than 4,300 exhibits on archeology and ethnography of the northern part of Tajikistan, most of them were collected in Istaravshan and its environs.

The museum is located in the building of an inactive Orthodox church, which was built in 1865-1867. The initiator of its discovery was a history teacher - Nazarov Nasriddin, who collected the first collection for the museum in 1950-1960. The exhibition covers an area of ​​about 250 square meters, it contains information about the ancient and medieval history of the city, its culture, crafts and traditional occupations of the city's inhabitants - blacksmithing, jewelry, gold embroidery, woodcarving.

On weekdays, the museum in Istravshan is open from 8.00 to 17.00, opening hours on weekends: from 9.00 to 16.00. Monday is a day off. Etiquette in Tajik and English.

Coordinates: 39.91083300,69.00638900

Madrasah and Mausoleum of Sheikh Massala

Sheikh Massala Madrassah and Mausoleum is an architectural ensemble that consists of a minaret of the 19th century, a mosque and ancient burials. This memorial ensemble is located in the historical part of the city of Khujand and was erected on the grave of Sheikh Massal Muslihiddin.

Madrasah and mausoleum of Sheikh Massala is a well-known monument of Tajikistan. According to legend, the sheikh was originally buried in the small village of Unji. However, in the XII century, his admirers decided to transfer the ashes to Khujand and erect a mausoleum. Then the mausoleum was a small burial chamber built of burnt bricks. This tomb was destroyed during the Mongol invasion. Later, in the XIV century, they decided to rebuild the mausoleum, but at the same time slightly change the layout. Now it began to look like a complex consisting of two rooms, but, alas, this building was also destroyed.

In the 16th century, a structure was erected on the ruins of an old building, which became not just a burial place, but also a room for performing ritual rites and prayers. Today, the mausoleum of Sheikh Massala consists of a minaret and a mosque. The modern building is two-storey, has a wide dome and an entrance portal. In the center there is a tomb, a commemoration hall, as well as a wooden tombstone, decorated with carvings with plant elements and inlays.

Coordinates: 40.28041000,69.63074000

The most popular attractions in Khujand with descriptions and photos for every taste. Choose the best places to visit the famous places of Khujand on our website.

The administrative center of the Sughd region. It is located in the picturesque valley of the Syrdarya River at an altitude of more than three hundred meters above sea level. Today Khujand is the largest industrial and cultural center of Northern Tajikistan and the second largest city in the republic with a population of 155,400 people (2009). Representatives of more than 20 nations and nationalities live here.

Today Khujand is an important transport hub, political, economic, cultural and scientific center of the country. On the territory of the city are the airport and the railway station Khujand, located 11 km from the center of Khujand, in the village of Gafurov.

Name

Currently, the official name of the city in Russian is Khujand. From the moment the city became part of the Russian Empire and until 1936, it was called Khujand.

Then, on January 10, 1936, the city was renamed Leninabad in honor of V.I. Lenin. And already on February 26, 1991, after the country gained independence, its historical name was returned to the city, and it officially turned into Khujand.

History of Khujand

Khujand, along with such cities as Bukhara and Samarkand, was one of the most famous civilization centers of science and culture in Central Asia, a city that from ancient times attracted attention with the hospitality of its inhabitants, talented scientists, artisans and craftsmen. It has been known in historical sources since the 7th century.

The city attracts the attention of tourists with its numerous medieval citadels, as well as the mosque-mausoleum of Sheikh Muslekheddin (17-18 centuries).

Khujand has a rich centuries-old history. In the past, scientists, poets and writers called it the "Crown of the World".

Initially, the city was founded during the time of the Kayanid king Kaykubod, and flourished and became even more beautiful under the reign of the Persian king from the Achaemenid dynasty - Darius. After the conquest of Varazrud (Central Asia) by Alexander the Great, the city began to be called Alexandria Eskhata (Extreme Alexandria).

Medieval historians, geographers and travelers in their works mention Khujand as a city of generous, generous people, with developed science and crafts, fertile fields and gardens, and refer it to the “fifth, best climate”. According to scientists and historians, gold, silver, copper, mercury, tin and other valuable metals have been mined in the mountains around Khujand since ancient times.

Representatives of the Oli Khujand dynasty, natives of Khujand, who invariably held high government posts, enjoyed special respect and reverence in the East, the figures of this dynasty evoked a deep response in the hearts of people with their intelligence and knowledge, nobility and foresight. That is why the great poet of the 12th century Hokoni Shirvani says with sincere love: “One can endlessly talk about Khujand, about its people - talented poets, sweet-sounding singers and gentle dancers, famous scientists and unsurpassed artisans. But it's better to see it."

The Great Silk Road passed through the territory of the city, so the city had a constant connection with world civilization, developed economically and spiritually. Merchants of Khujand exported the best products of local artisans to other states, and returned from wanderings enriched with the achievements of science and civilization of almost the whole world. However, on the other hand, all this kindled the interest of the conquerors in this prosperous corner of the earth. The streets and squares of the city saw Greek-Macedonians, Arab invaders, hordes of cruel Kara-Kitays and Genghis Khan, experienced the cruel tyranny of Timur, Sheibanids, Ashtarkhanids. Many turbulent events have swept over the city for 25 centuries, but, nevertheless, its image has not faded in the millennial haze; over time, he only became younger and more beautiful.

The greatness of the city in the history of world civilization is evidenced by the pages of its chronicle associated with the names of prominent scientists and poets of the East, such as Abumakhmudi Khujandi, Kamoli Khujandi, Mahasti, Koshifi, Toshkhuji Asiri, the famous traveler Khoja Yusuf, composer and singer Sodirkhon Khofiz. The legendary Tehmosi and Temurmalik were also outstanding statesmen. The city often suffered from the raging elements, it was almost completely destroyed by floods, but it was revived again by the labor of the people. On the territory of Khujand there is the Khujand citadel, built in the early Middle Ages and functioning until the beginning of the 20th century.

After the accession of Central Asia to Russia in 1866, Khujand became one of the centers of the revolutionary movement on the territory of Tajikistan. Social-democratic organizations began to emerge here, and the national liberation workers' movement began to develop actively. Following St. Petersburg and Tashkent in November 1917, Soviet power was established in this region.

In the 1950s and 1960s, Khujand actively expanded its borders. The city stepped onto the right bank of the Syr Darya, throwing two bridges over it. The right-bank part included a vast park area with beaches and sports facilities.

From year to year, Khujand became more and more beautiful, rapidly acquiring the appearance of a large, industrialized city. In 1986, he celebrated his 2500th anniversary.

Historical sights of Khujand

Khujand fortress. This fortress was once an integral part of the fortification system of the city. It was founded in the 6th - 5th centuries BC. In the course of archaeological excavations carried out by the North-Tajik archaeological complex expedition, it was found that the Khujand fortress was first surrounded by an artificial rampart, later by a wall of considerable thickness made of mud. The city and the citadel, the components of ancient Khujand, had separate fortress walls surrounded by a wide and deep moat filled with water. The remains of these fortifications were found under the central part of the left-bank Khujand, they surround the territory of the ancient city with an area of ​​20 hectares.

With the development of the economy, trade, system of government and the growth of the population, the city gradually expanded. In the 6th - 7th centuries a new fortress was erected. Khujand of the medieval period consisted of three main parts: the citadel, shakhristan and rabad. The citadel was located on the banks of the Syr Darya at the gates of the rabad.

The medieval Khujand fortress was considered one of the most fortified in Central Asia.

In 1219-1220, during the invasion of Genghis Khan and his troops, a 25,000-strong army with 50,000 Central Asian captives was sent to besiege the city. The heroic defense of the Khujand fortress and the nearby island on the Syr Darya under the leadership of Timurmalik became one of the most significant events in the history of Tajikistan and the entire Tajik region.

As a result of the Mongol invasion, the Khujand fortress was destroyed. According to the historian Hofiz Abru, at the beginning of the 15th century the fortress lay in ruins. According to Zahiriddin Babur, at the end of the same century, the fortress was restored and was the residence of the local ruler.

Mosque Masjidi Jami. The mosque was built in 1512-1513. Ivan, consisting of 30 columns, adjoins the eastern wall of the winter hall, also multi-columned (20 columns) and enters the inner courtyard of the mosque.

The long southern wall of the mosque without any openings faces Sharq street. Only on the right, on the edge of the wall, is the entrance device of the darvoz-khon with a deep peshtak - a portal. The layout of the columns in the mosque is subject to a modular grid: six rows of four columns (30 modular squares) are repeated on the iwan, and five rows of four columns in the winter room. The two middle columns along the northern facade of the aivan are carved to the full height and carry an elevated part of the architrave with massive inlaid stalactites that have preserved the remains of the painting. At the entrance and above the mihrab, three plank squares of the ceiling are painted, but the colors have become very dark and partly crumbled. The walls are covered with good carved decor, mostly geometric motifs. Both doors of the winter hall are distinguished by fine, elegant carvings. The roof of the mosque is flat earthen with clay-adobe coating. The foundation on which the walls of the building stand is made of burnt bricks. The courtyard of the mosque from the east and partly from the north is limited by one-story hujras.

In the north-eastern part of the courtyard there is a minaret with a traditional lantern decorated with arched openings, from where a beautiful panorama of the city opens. The entrance portal, facing Shark Street, is distinguished by tiled cladding and carved ganch panels on the facade. The high portal represents only the front decorative wall of baked brick, supplemented on the north side with two-story adobe buildings with a wooden aivan at the top.

The mosque, in general, has a surprisingly harmonious image and is a magnificent example of the synthesis of decorative art and the building culture of Khujand.

Monument to Kamol Khujandi. The monument was erected in 1996 in honor of the 675th anniversary of the poet's birth. It is located on the Star Square of Khujand. Against the background are depicted wings that personify the holiness of man and at the same time designate the wings of inspiration of poetry. The poet's face is turned to the place of his birth and towards the sunset. The height of the sitting figure is 3.5 m, wings - 5.5 m.

In order to show the image of a strong, spiritually rich person who has traveled a lot, the sculpture was specially created barefoot, in accordance with the existing canons of the beauty of the human body, embodied in the sculpture.

Tourism

In addition to its ancient sights, Khujand can offer tourists some types of active tours. The famous Kairakkum reservoir is located not far from Khujand. It arose as a result of the construction of a hydroelectric power station on the Syr Darya River. The mild climate, unusually beautiful nature, the transparent surface of the man-made lake make it possible to actively relax here: boat trips, windsurfing, fishing, excursions to archaeological sites.

For the football club, see Khujand (football club).

Arch near the park named after K. Khujandi

Fountains of Khujand

Khujand(taj. Khuҷand, from Sogd. kwc "nth ( xučant(a) > xuǰand ‘pleasant side’), pers. خجند ‎, Khojand, other Greek Ἀλεξάνδρεια Ἐσχάτη , Alexandria Eskhata) - a city in the north, the administrative center.

One of the oldest cities. The second largest city in Tajikistan, an important transport hub, political, economic, cultural and scientific center of the country.

There is an airport and a railway station (12 km from the center of Khujand, in the town of Gafurov).

Name

The modern Russian name of the city is , sometimes transliterated as Khujand or Khujand.

From the time of the Russian Empire until 1936, the name of the city was taj. Huҷand, (Persian خجند ‎), in Russian it was customary to transmit as Khujand.

On January 10, 1936, the city was officially called Leninabad(in honor of V.I. Lenin), while in the historical literature for the period until 1936 the spelling Khojent was preserved. Also, this spelling in official practice continued to be used in the name of the Khujand region of the Tajik SSR.

By the Decree of the Supreme Council of the Tajik SSR No. 246 dated February 26, 1991, the historical name was returned to the city .

Population

Khujand is the second most populated city in Tajikistan after. As of January 1, 2019, 181,600 people lived in it.

According to the 1897 census, 28,431 residents of the city indicated Tajik as their native language, 900 - Uzbek (305 of them - the Sart dialect), 458 - Russian.

The population of the Khujand agglomeration is 916,200 people.

Geography

Syr Darya in Khujand

Khujand is located on the banks of the Syr Darya, below the Kairakkum reservoir, 35 km above the Uzbek one, on the territory of the Ferghana Valley, between the spurs of the Turkestan Range in the south and the Mogoltau mountains in the north.

The city is located 200 km northeast of (by road - 300 km).

Climate

Quote from St. Petersburg Vedomosti, 1868 (No. 215, 219):

«… Khojent is located on the banks of the excellent, abounding Syr Darya and is surrounded on all sides by mountains, on the slopes of which luxurious gardens grow green, and all this together - water, mountains and vegetation in summer, with the local heat and droughts, gives the air a favorable freshness and purity, but moderation in winter. ... Khujand is surrounded by magnificent gardens, which are more numerous here than in other areas of the region. All these orchards are orchards, the fruits grow here in amazing abundance and the surrounding cities are supplied with them ...»

Steppe climate prevails in Khujand. There is little rainfall throughout the year. According to the Köppen climate classification, it is a dry semi-arid climate of temperate latitudes with cool winters (BSk index). The average air temperature for the year in Khujand is 16 °C.

Climate formation, including Khujand, is greatly influenced by the same air masses that invade the territory of Central Asia and determine the nature and change of weather. Precipitation in the Khujand region and throughout the Ferghana Valley is mainly due to cyclonic activity and the nature of the underlying surfaces.

The main role in precipitation is played by the South Caspian, Murgab and Upper Amu Darya cyclones, as well as cold air masses moving from the west, northwest and north. Reaching the frontal surface of the mountains, the incoming air masses rise along this surface, cool down and get an additional effect for the formation of clouds and precipitation. All these air masses invade the Fergana Valley from the west and southwest, but on their way they collide with the western and southwestern slopes of the mountain ranges of Northern Tajikistan and they receive more precipitation than the lee slopes, intermountain valleys and basins. Thus, on the windward slopes of the Zeravshan, Turkestan and Kuraminsky ranges, the amount of precipitation per year is more than 400-800 mm. This is confirmed by the fact that deep snow is formed in these mountainous regions in winter, which is associated with avalanches in the spring. As they move deeper into the mountainous country, these air masses reach inland areas that are very depleted in moisture, as a result of which intermountain valleys and deep basins receive very little precipitation. In Khujand, the annual amount of precipitation falls: during the cold period of the year 87 mm, and their greatest amount - in March and April (25-27 mm); the smallest in the summer months (9-11 mm, Aug.).

As a rule, precipitation in the form of snow falls only at negative temperatures. In the Khujand region, stable snow cover is absent in 20% of winters, and in 3-10% of winters it does not form at all. Here, the height of the snow cover only in February reaches an average of 1-3 cm, and is absent in the rest of the year. The highest ten-day height of snow cover was observed in the third decade of February - 47 cm. The number of days with snow cover is 21.

Story

In ancient times

Achaemenid Empire at its height

Campaign of Alexander the Great in Asia

Khujand is one of the oldest cities in Central Asia: according to some sources, the foundation of the city falls on the 7th-6th centuries BC. It was conquered by Alexander the Great, who rebuilt and fortified it, calling Alexandria Eskhata ( extreme).

Being on the Great Silk Road and connecting Samarkand with the Fergana Valley, Khujand had an advantageous geopolitical location and paramount transport importance.

Subsequently, it was conquered by the Arabs (VIII century), and in 1219-1220 it offered fierce resistance to the troops of Genghis Khan, but was destroyed.

However, the city soon revived and became one of the largest trade, cultural and scientific centers of the Central Asian region. And even today Khujand is an important industrial, scientific and cultural center of northern Tajikistan.

Since ancient times, Khujand, being at the crossroads of trade routes of the East, on the Great Silk Road, has been one of the most important economic, military-strategic and cultural centers of Fararud.

Khujand was the birthplace of famous astronomers, mathematicians, doctors, historians, poets, musicians. One of them is the founder of the local astronomical school Abumahmud Khujandi.

"The nightingale of Khujand" was called in the XIV century Kamol Khujandi - the author of the famous gazelles. Equally popular in the Middle Ages was the outstanding poetess, musician and dancer Mahasti.

According to legend, it was in Khujand that the house of Khoja Nasreddin stood. In the 19th century, such cultural figures as Toshkhoja Asiri, Sodirkhon Hafiz, Khoji Yusuf were actively engaged in educational work in Khujand.

In the Russian Empire

On May 24, 1866, the city was occupied by the Russian army and became part of the Russian Empire (see Central Asian possessions of the Russian Empire). The entry into the empire of the center of a densely populated district, which had rich economic resources, the most important road junction between the Fergana Valley, the Tashkent oasis and the Zeravshan Valley, a major trading point, opened up new opportunities for the development of Khujand.

The city was the administrative center of the Khojent district of the Samarkand region.

In July 1916, a Central Asian uprising began in the city.

IN THE USSR

Streets of Khujand

At the beginning of 1918, Soviet power was established in the city, until 1929 the city was part of the Uzbek SSR. On October 2, 1929, it was included in the Tajik SSR, and on January 10, 1936, the city was renamed Leninabad(in honor of V.I. Lenin). In 1941, the Tajik Agricultural Institute was located in Leninabad, which was a university of the People's Commissariat of Agriculture of the USSR and had a postal address: the city of Leninabad, Krasnaya Street, house No. 25.

In the post-war period, Leninabad became the largest industrial and cultural center of Tajikistan after Dushanbe. The industry of the city became diversified, equipped with advanced domestic and foreign technology, a silk factory operated in the city - one of the largest enterprises in the republic. In 1991, dozens of enterprises in the city produced the same amount of industrial output in a day as in all of pre-revolutionary Tajikistan in a year. Silk factory fabrics were sent to 450 cities of the USSR and to foreign countries.

Palace of Culture Arbob

Since the 1960s, Leninabad has been actively expanding its borders. The city stepped onto the right bank of the Syr Darya, throwing two bridges over it.

In 1970, trolleybus traffic was launched in Leninabad.

During the years of Soviet power, fundamental changes have taken place in the field of health care. By 1991, there were 40 medical and preventive institutions in the city, in which about 2.5 thousand doctors and specialists with higher and secondary medical qualifications worked. education.

Major changes have taken place in the field of public education. In 1991, there were 30 schools in the city with about 30,000 students.

In 1986, the city celebrated its anniversary - the 2500th anniversary of its founding. In connection with this Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, the city of Leninabad was awarded the Order of Friendship of Peoples.

Modern Tajikistan

The XVI session of the Supreme Council, held in the Arbob Palace, 10 km from Khujand in November 1992, restored the constitutional order in the republic and elected E. Sh. Rakhmonov as the Chairman of the Supreme Council.

Culture and education

The theater, local history and archaeological museums, a park in honor of the poet Kamoli Khujandi, which includes a mausoleum and a house-museum of the poet.

In 1932, the Pedagogical Institute was opened, where only 26 people studied. Today, more than 10 thousand students study at 16 faculties of this university, which was transformed into Khujand State University in 1991. In 2010, as a result of the merger of the Polytechnic Institute. Academician M. S. Osimi and the Khujand branch of the Technological University of Tajikistan, the Khujand Polytechnic Institute of the Tajik Technical University named after. Academician M. S. Osimi.

There is a regional library in the city. T. Asiri.

Chairmen of Hukumat

• Ahmadzoda, Radjabboy - 1 Apr. 2016
• Sharifzoda, Sharif Faiz April 1, 2016 - 03/31/2017
• Muhammadzoda, Maruf from 03/31/2017

Attractions

Mosque-mausoleum of Sheikh Muslihiddin (XVII-XVIII centuries)

Main article: Sights of Khujand

The medieval citadel, the mosque-mausoleum of Sheikh Muslihiddin (XVII-XVIII centuries), the Orthodox Church of Mary Magdalene is the oldest Orthodox church in Tajikistan, built in 1884 at the expense of the Moscow merchant Khludov. Monument to a native of the city poet Kamol Khujandi.

Museum-fortress of the commander Temurmalik, who put up fierce resistance to the troops of Genghis Khan.

Famous people

• Abu Mahmud al Khujandi (940-1000) - Tajik mathematician and astronomer, a native of Khujand, lived and worked in the city of Ray.
• Mekhesti Ganjavi (Khujandi) (1098, Khujand - 1160,) - Tajik poetess of the 12th century, lived and worked in the city.
• Kamol Khujandi (1321-1401) - Persian-Tajik poet
• Muhammadaminkhoja Koshif (1825–1887) - Tajik poet,
• Toshkhuja Asiri (1864–1916) - Tajik poet,
• Abdulla Fayyaz (1847–1934) - Tajik poet,
• Khadzhi Yusuf Mirfaezov (1842–1925) – Tajik scientist

twin cities

Notes

1. Cite error: Invalid tag ; no text for footnotes population_2019
2. Agency on Statistics under the President of the Republic of Tajikistan. Population of Tajikistan as of January 1, 2019 (Russian) (unavailable link)(01/01/2019). Date of access 3 July 2019. Archived from the original on 2 July 2015.
3. Tajikistan // Atlas of the world / comp. and prepare. to ed. PKO "Cartography" in 2009; ch. ed. G. V. Pozdnyak. - M.: PKO "Cartography": Onyx, 2010. - S. 116. - ISBN 978-5-85120-295-7 (Cartography). - ISBN 978-5-488-02609-4 (Onyx).
4. Lurie P. B. Historical and linguistic analysis of Sogdian toponymy // Diss. for the competition uch. Art. cand. Phil. Sciences. - St. Petersburg. , 2004. - S. 40, 151.
5. Khujand // Dictionary of geographical names of the USSR / GUGK, TsNIIGAiK. - 2nd ed., revised. and additional - M.: Nedra, 1983. - S. 141.
6. Sovetabad // Great Soviet Encyclopedia: [in 30 volumes] / ch. ed. A. M. Prokhorov. - 3rd ed. - M.: Soviet Encyclopedia, 1969-1978.
7. Population of the Republic of Tajikistan as of January 1, 2018. Agency on Statistics under the President of the Republic of Tajikistan, 2018
8. Demoscope Weekly - App. Handbook of statistical indicators
9. Leonid Solovyov. The Enchanted Prince. - M. : Terevinf, 2015. - 304 p. - (Ruslit. Literary monuments of the XX century). - ISBN 978-5-4212-0181-6.
10. Oriental flavor of Dushanbe:: With you on the flight
11. The head of Khujand outlawed the Iranian and Afghan style of clothing
12. Emomali Rahmon appoints new mayors of Khujand and Istaravshan
13. Archived copy (indefinite) (unavailable link). Retrieved September 7, 2017. Archived from the original on September 7, 2017.

Links

• City official website
• City portal of Khujand
• Coat of arms of the city of Khujand, 1910
• TSB: Leninabad
• Khodzhent // Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Efron: in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - St. Petersburg. , 1890-1907.

The second largest city in the country, Khujand, is located. Along with Samarkand and Bukhara, this city was the center of culture and science of Central Asia. The settlement on the site of modern Khujand was founded in the time of King Kaykubod, who ruled in the 6th century BC. The city reached its heyday under the Persian king Darius. After the conquest of Central Asia by Alexander the Great, the city was named Alexandria Extreme. By age, this city can compete with such great capitals of the world as Paris or Rome. In 1986 Khujand celebrated its 2500th anniversary.

Today Khujand is the largest industrial, transport, scientific and cultural center of Tajikistan. The city has the largest silk factory in the republic. In addition, Khujand State University is located here, where more than 10,000 students study not only from Tajikistan, but also from neighboring countries.

Ancient Khujand is preferred by true connoisseurs of the history and culture of Central Asia.

Climate and weather

The formation of the climate of Khujand is greatly influenced by the South Caspian, Upper Amu Darya and Murgab cyclones, which determine the change of weather, its nature and amount of precipitation.

The average air temperature in Khujand is about +16 °C. In summer, the air warms up to +30 ° C, and in winter the thermometer can drop to 0 ... -2 ° C. The average annual rainfall is approximately 150 mm. Interestingly, there is uneven rainfall throughout the year. Most often, precipitation occurs in March and April, and summers in Khujand are usually dry.

The best time to visit the magnificent Khujand is called April - June, when the air temperature takes on optimal values ​​​​for adaptation, and rare and short rains do not interfere with enjoying your vacation.

Nature

The majestic Khujand is located on the picturesque banks of the Syrdarya River. By the way, Khujand is the only city in Tajikistan, which is located on a large river. Ferghana Valley, where the city is located, is famous for its unique nature. From Khujand you can see the majestic mountains, and the serene waters of the Syr Darya, and abundantly flowering meadows near the city, and fertile vineyards. The city itself resembles an evergreen garden, thanks to the numerous parks and squares that save the townspeople from the sweltering heat in summer.

The meadows of the Ferghana Valley are covered with fragrant poppies, edelweiss and wild irises. Small rodents and marmots live here, which become prey for birds of prey (eagles, falcons). The waters of the Syrdarya River are rich in fish. Among the species common here are catfish, trout, marinka, grass carp.

Attractions

Ancient Khujand impresses with a huge number of well-preserved historical sights. Draws the most attention Khujand fortress, which was considered the main component of the fortification complex of the city. The foundation date of the fortress is considered to be the 5th century BC. The development of the economy and trade led to the growth of the city. And already in the Middle Ages, the Khujand fortress was considered the most fortified in all of Central Asia. However, after the invasion of Genghis Khan and his troops, the most important defensive structure of Khujand was destroyed. According to historians, already at the end of the 15th century, the Khujand fortress was restored and used as the residence of local rulers.

For many Muslim pilgrims, the main attraction in the city is mosque Masjizhi Jami, built in 1512-1513. The unique tiled cladding of the facade, complemented by unique carved panels, catches the eye.

Of the architectural monuments of the Middle Ages, well preserved Mausoleum of Sheikh Muslihiddin, which locals consider the saint and spiritual patron of the city.

On Square Stars of Khujand located monument to the great poet of Tajikistan Kamol Khujandi, installed in 1996 in honor of the 675th anniversary of his birth.

You can get acquainted with the rich history and culture of ancient Khujand in the city museum, which presents an extensive exposition of rare artifacts found in the city.

Nutrition

All tourists coming to Khujand can fully enjoy the unique cuisine of Tajikistan. The most popular catering establishments not only among foreign guests of the city, but also among local residents are the teahouse " Kamoli Khujandi", restaurant " Zaytun» and cafe « Khoni Khujand". Here on the menu are the most famous Tajik dishes, such as k abob, ugro-pilaf, barbecue, cabbage rolls, kaurdak. In addition to popular meat dishes in Khujand, locals are very fond of fish dishes. They give their preference to fried or baked trout.

Of course, no feast is complete without traditional Tajik pastries. In city restaurants, you can not only enjoy the great taste of brushwood, sambusa and various flatbreads, but also see the cooking process itself. Many tourists are indescribably delighted with such an entertaining spectacle.

Some foreign guests of Khujand will be very surprised when the dessert they ordered is brought not at the end of the meal, but at its very beginning. For the city, and for Tajikistan as a whole, this is a tradition. The locals are accustomed to consuming fruits, drinks and sweets both before and after meals. The most popular sweet in Khujand is halva. As a rule, only foreigners order it in restaurants. Local residents have already learned how to cook it at home.

Of course, in all restaurants and cafes of the city you can try the famous Tajik green tea seasoned with milk, butter and salt. It is worth noting that foreign guests do not dare to drink such an exotic drink. They are limited to the usual tea, brewed in clean water.

Prices in Khujand restaurants will pleasantly surprise you. In a small mid-range cafe, a hearty lunch will cost only $6. And for dinner, along with alcohol in a restaurant of a higher class, you will have to pay from $10 to $15.

Accommodation

In hospitable Khujand, there is a fairly wide selection of hotels where foreign citizens can stay. True, you will not find high-class five-star hotels here. Many guests of the city decide to stay in hotels " Tawhid», « Watan" And SUGD. These hotels in terms of service level and quality of services provided correspond to 4 "stars". It offers guests spacious rooms with a set of furniture and appliances necessary for a comfortable stay. Each room has a separate bathroom, a set of upholstered furniture, TV, air conditioning. The cost of living in such hotels ranges from $100 to $150 per day.

Quite comfortable hostels and guesthouses are very popular among foreign tourists. Rooms in such establishments look somewhat more modest than in previous hotels, but the cost of living in these hotels is much lower - from $30 to $50 per day. It is worth noting that before arriving in Khujand, you need to find out in advance about the availability of cold water in the hotels of the city, as well as about the possibility of heating it. Many hotels cannot provide guests with tap water, and there is nothing to say about the presence of a boiler.

Entertainment and recreation

The main type of entertainment in Khujand, many tourists who have been there, call visiting the ancient structures and buildings of the city. In addition to historical sights, travel companies in Khujand offer their customers several types of active tours. Near Khujand is the famous Kairakkum reservoir, or the Tajik Sea, as the locals call it. Here you can go windsurfing, take a boat trip and a rowing boat. Many tourists are attracted by the rich fishing in the reservoir. Trout and catfish are considered the most honorable trophy here.

Near Khujand is located Ak-Su district, which is considered one of the most favorite places for climbers in all of Tajikistan.

Young people coming to the amazing Khujand will be pleasantly surprised by the large number of nightlife in the city, many of which are open until the morning. Here you can have a great time in restaurants, cafes, night bars and clubs.

Purchases

One of the main attractions of Khujand is the famous city bazaar " panchshanbe”, which is one of the largest covered markets in Central Asia. The name of the market is translated as "Thursday". It is on this day, like many centuries ago, that a lot of trade is carried out. Only in this bazaar you can feel the whole flavor of city life in Tajikistan. "Panchshanbe" attracts visitors with its colorful, unusual smells, an abundance of various vegetables and fruits that are sold all year round.

In addition, here you can buy such popular Tajik souvenirs as silk products, shawls, scarves, embroidery, and textiles. Traditionally, many tourists prefer luxurious carpets embroidered with silk, as well as items of national clothing (skullcaps, wadded robes, belts and dresses). Warm products made from the wool of Pamir yaks can be purchased both at the bazaar and in a specialized store in the city center. Of course, no real woman will pass by the original multi-tiered Tajik jewelry. Earrings, necklaces and bracelets are among the most sold souvenirs. It is worth noting that all these souvenirs can be purchased not only at the Panchshanbe Bazaar, but also in small stalls scattered throughout the city.

Transport

Public transport in Khujand is represented only by minibuses. More recently, numerous bus and trolleybus routes have been abolished due to severe deterioration of rolling stock and very frequent power outages. The cost of a trip in a fixed-route taxi does not exceed $ 0.3, and a huge number of organized routes cover the entire city.

Foreigners prefer to use private taxis. The cost of one trip in a taxi is slightly higher than the price of tickets in public transport, however, the level of comfort is much higher. In Khujand, you can rent a car with a driver who will be at your disposal all day for only $50.

Since Khujand is a large industrial center of Tajikistan, a railway was built here. It should be noted that international passenger transportation is organized from the city to Kyrgyzstan and Uzbekistan.

Near Khujand, only 11 kilometers away, there is a large Khujand airport, which received international status. Flights to the cities of Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, China, Russia and other countries of the world are operated by the state company Tajik Airlines. In addition to international flights, the company also provides domestic flights.

Connection

The communication system in Khujand today is rather poorly developed. Since Soviet times, old payphones have remained on the streets of the city, from which you can call another city in Tajikistan. To make an international call, you must contact the post office. The cost of one minute of such a call will cost about $ 1 if the conversation is organized with Asian countries or with the USA. But for a call to the CIS countries, you can pay only $ 0.3 per minute.

Recently, cellular communication has gained great popularity among the local population. True, the cost of services of mobile operators in the city is quite expensive. A minute of conversation on a mobile phone exceeds $ 0.4, and the connection itself will cost about $ 20.

There are several large Internet cafes in Khujand that provide almost all existing network services. Interestingly, you can use the services of the World Wide Web for only $ 1 per hour. Large hotels and hotels of the city also provide the opportunity to work with the Internet.

Safety

The level of security in Khujand allows guests to feel calm and confident on the streets of the city. Serious offenses in the city are practically not fixed. And yet, local law enforcement agencies strongly recommend not to go out on the streets of the city at night alone. In addition, the level of pickpocketing has recently increased. Therefore, when visiting crowded places, it is advisable to leave valuables and large sums of money in the hotel.

Khujand doctors advise boiling tap water before drinking. This warning is connected with the frequent cases of cholera and dysentery. For the same reason, be sure to thoroughly wash vegetables and fruits purchased at local bazaars and stores.

Some compulsory vaccinations are required to enter Khujand, as the area has high incidences of hepatitis A and E, cholera and diphtheria.

Business climate

The large industrial center of Khujand is of great interest to foreign investors. Many businessmen see a lot of objects in the city that require significant investments. These can be both industrial enterprises and elements of the tourist infrastructure, which has become the object of close attention recently, when the interest of foreign tourists in the cultural and historical sights of Khujand has sharply increased. It is worth noting that the amendments to the legislative acts recently adopted by the Parliament greatly simplify the opening of joint ventures in the country. In addition, tax rates for investors investing in the city's industry have been significantly reduced.

Real estate

A favorable geographical position, mild climate, rich history, a huge number of cultural attractions make Khujand real estate very attractive for foreign citizens to buy. Fortunately, in Tajikistan there are no special restrictions on the sale of housing to foreign residents. True, the cost of real estate in Khujand for citizens of other countries is significantly different from that at which the sale is carried out to local residents. For example, to purchase a small apartment, you will have to prepare about $ 50,000. And housing in the suburbs of Khujand will cost about $35,000.

Today there is a great demand for apartments in the rental housing market. In order to rent an apartment in Khujand for one month, you need to prepare about $500.

A safe and exciting holiday in Khujand requires foreign tourists to follow several important rules. As in any Muslim city, in Khujand it is necessary to adhere to the basic norms of morality. Public expressions of feelings, kisses, inappropriate clothing will cause disapproval among the local population.

Buying souvenirs in Khujand should be accompanied by bargaining. The locals are very fond of this process. They are even ready to provide significant discounts on their product to those who will zealously bargain. It should be noted that the payment for the purchase is carried out only in the national currency - somoni. It is necessary to exchange foreign money in state exchange offices or in a bank branch. Be sure to remember that you can export minerals, precious stones, gold abroad only after obtaining a special permit and mandatory declaration. It is absolutely impossible to export somoni.

In every city of Tajikistan, including Khujand, it is necessary to register after arrival. Registration is carried out directly at the hotel. It is worth noting that most hotels produce it for a fee: they will ask you $ 15 for completing the necessary documents.