Where is Slovakia on the political map of the world. Slovakia map in Russian. The capital of Slovakia, the flag, the history of the country. Detailed map of Slovakia with cities and roads
Slovakia is a state in the center of Europe. People have lived here since ancient times - it was on the territory of Slovakia that the famous "Neolithic Venus" was found, famous for its powerful hip-chested forms. It literally consists of them. It gives a visual representation of which women were valued by the ancient Slovaks. However, they were not Slovaks then. They were Dacians, Celts and Germans. The Slavs came to this hilly and sometimes mountainous land only in the 5th century. Soon they founded an impressive principality, which remained in history as Great Moravia. However, with its fall, the territory of Slovakia was repeatedly cut and conquered. The most successful was the union of Slovakia with neighboring Czech Republic, they successfully complemented each other - industrially developed, rich in mines, the Czech Republic and agricultural, rich in other mines, Slovakia.
During the German occupation, Slovakia belonged to Germany, but after the Second World War, with the help of the USSR, it was restored back. Czechoslovakia was, along with Yugoslavia and the GDR, the most prosperous states of the socialist bloc. Getting a huge market in the form of the USSR and each other, as well as the masses of Asian, Latin American and African countries that have followed the socialist path, they have become a forge of electronics and high technology. But their strength rested only on the authority of the weapons of the USSR, just as everything now rests on the authority of American weapons.
Map of Slovakia detailed with cities
Map of Slovakia physical
When the USSR, under the blows of propaganda, fell, corroded from within by the intelligentsia, liberals and nomenklatura in the third generation, all the countries of the socialist camp fell at once. Slovakia only ten years later began to recover from the introduction of the so-called market economy, the essence of which was exclusively predatory, aimed at the collapse of the state.
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Slovakia did not want to get closer to Europe for a long time, but in the end, it was crushed by a blockade and lack of sales, as well as unemployment. Nevertheless, Slovakia did not break with Russia. Among the consulates of St. Petersburg, there is a consulate of Slovakia. It is located on the shore Silver Pond”, between the metro station “Pionerskaya” and “Ploshad Muzhestva”.
detailed map Slovakia in Russian online. satellite map Slovakia with cities and resorts, roads, streets and houses. Slovakia on the world map - a small state in Eastern Europe with its capital in the city of Bratislava. Official language- Slovak, but many residents also speak Czech, Hungarian, English and German.
Slovakia - Wikipedia:
Population of Slovakia- 5 443 120 people (2017)
Capital of Slovakia- Bratislava
Largest cities Slovakia- Bratislava, Kosice, Nitra, Zilina, Presov
Phone code of Slovakia - 421
Internet domains in Slovakia- .sk, .eu
Almost the entire territory of Slovakia lies at an altitude of 750 meters above sea level. mountain system, which passes through the north and east of the territory of Slovakia - the Carpathians, the most high point which reaches a height of 2650 meters.
Climatic conditions Slovakia- This is a continental temperate type of climate. This climate is characterized by a fairly pronounced differentiation of seasons: summers in Slovakia are hot, and winters are rather cold. Average temperatures in summer +22...+27 C depending on the region, winter - 0...-4 C.
Brastilava- not just the capital of Slovakia, but also one of the most interesting cities in the country. In Bratislava there is an old town hall built in the 13th century, a cathedral, the famous palace with a Hall of Mirrors, a castle, the President's Palace and other impressive sights. Also in the capital there are many museums with collections of unique exhibits.
Slovakia- a country that is also famous for its castles, many of which were founded in the 13-14th centuries. Most big castle in Slovakia - Spissky Grad, founded at the beginning of the 13th century.
Skiing thrives in Slovakia tourist destination. Ski resorts in Slovakia are considered among the most environmentally friendly in all of Europe, and the level of service on them is almost the same as on the famous winter resorts France and Austria. most famous ski resort Slovakia - Strbske Pleso, located high in the mountains on the shore of a mountain lake.
Thanks to mineral springs on the territory of the country. in Slovakia many medical resorts. One of the best in all of Europe is the Bardejov fonts, on the territory of which there are about 12 mineral springs.
What to see in Slovakia:
Bratislava city, main square Bratislava, Boinice Castle, Devin, Lubovna Castle, Smokovec, Trencin Castle, Strbske Pleso Lake, Zvolen Castle, AquaCity Water Park, Belianska Cave, Demänovská Cave of Freedom, "Slovak Paradise", Poloniny, mountain range Slovak Karst, Pezinok Castle, Betliar Castle, Budmerice Castle, Pieniny, Budatinsky Castle.
SLOVAKIA
(The Slovak Republic)
Geographical position. Slovakia - state Central Europe, The state borders on Poland, Ukraine, Hungary, Austria and the Czech Republic. Square. The territory of Slovakia covers 49,035 km. sq.
main cities, Administrative division. The capital of Slovakia is Bratislava. The largest cities: Bratislava (443 thousand people), Kosice (235 thousand people), Nitrate (90 thousand people), Preshov (88 thousand people). Administratively, Slovakia is divided into 3 regions and the capital equivalent to them.
Slovakia-republic. The head of state is the president. The head of government is the prime minister. The legislature is the unicameral National Council.
Relief. Most of Slovakia is located in the Western Carpathians, which are low and medium high mountains with soft rounded relief forms. Only the highest array of the country - High Tatras- It has Rocky Mountains with traces of glaciation. The lowlands occupy a small area in the southwest.
Geological structure and minerals. On the territory of Slovakia there are deposits of iron ore, antimony, magnesite, manganese.
Climate. Slovakia has hot summers and cold winters. The sunniest and warmest region of the country is located in the Danube valley to the east of Bratislava. average temperature January -2°C, July +21°C. Summers in the mountains are cooler, and there is a lot of snow in winter. It rains all over the country in autumn.
Inland waters. The rivers mainly belong to the Danube basin. The border between Slovakia and the Czech Republic runs along the Morava River.
Soils and vegetation. Large arrays hardwood (oak, beech) and coniferous forests cover the slopes of the mountains.
Animal world. Wolf, lynx, hare, fox, bear, deer, roe deer, hedgehog are common in Slovakia.
Population and language
The total number of inhabitants of Slovakia is about 5.5 million people. Average density 110 people per sq. km. 77% of Slovaks live in cities. The most densely populated areas are located in the east of the country. About 570,000 Hungarians currently live in Slovakia, which is 10% of total number population. On the territory of the republic there is the largest gypsy diaspora in Europe, amounting to 300 thousand people. Poles, Jews, Russians and Ukrainians also live in Slovakia.
The official language of Slovakia is Slovak.
Religion
About 60% of the population is Catholic. Of the Protestants, most of all Calvinists and Lutherans, as well as an insignificant percentage of the population, profess Orthodox religion. Catholic Church plays a significant role in political life countries.
Brief historical sketch
IV century. n. e. Slavic tribes appeared on the territory of modern Slovakia.
In the VI century. the Slavs had to defend their territory from the incursions of the Arabs. During this period, an independent Nitra principality stands out.
19th century Czech princes annexed the lands of the Slovaks to the Great Moravian Empire. Mojmir I became the first ruler of this ancient Slavic state. The closest neighbor of his power was the Frankish Empire, from where Christian missionaries came to the Czechs, trying not only to convert pagan tribes to a new faith, but also to strengthen the Frankish influence on the lands of the Slavs. Mojmir did not want to submit to a formidable neighbor and, in order to strengthen his own independence, sought to enlist the support of another powerful state of that time - the Byzantine Empire.
Continuing his policy, the next ruler of Great Moravia Rostislav (846-870) invited two missionaries from Constantinople - Cyril and Methodius. Thanks to the work of the brothers, Byzantium soon granted the Moravians the privilege of worshiping in Old Church Slavonic and using the Glagolitic script developed by Cyril. Old Slavonic language became the third world language in Europe, along with Latin and Greek.
During the reign of the nephew of Rostislav Svyatopolk (871-894), the Slavic state again falls under the influence of Catholicism, the Moravian independent church organization was approved not from Constantinople, but from Rome.
In 896, the invasion of the Czech lands by the Magyars began. The Great Moravian Empire practically ceased to exist.
At the beginning of the XI century. part of the territory of Slovakia was captured by the Hungarian princes, and by 1018 almost all of its territory became part of the Kingdom of Hungary.
In the XIII century. Hungary entered a period of feudal fragmentation. For this reason, its rulers were unable to repel the invasion of the Tatars in 1241, after which the southwestern and southeastern regions of the Slovak lands were especially affected, they were completely ruined.
In 1298, the large Hungarian feudal lord Matus Chaka, with the support of the petty nobility, took possession of the territory of western and central Slovakia and helped the Czech king Wenceslas II to gain a foothold on the Hungarian throne for several years.
In the middle of the XV century. Invasion of the Ottoman Empire began on the territory of Hungary.
In 1526, the Turks inflicted a decisive defeat on the Hungarian-Slovak army at the Battle of Mohacs. The capital of the Kingdom of Hungary was moved from Buda to Bratislava.
In the middle of the XVI century. The Habsburgs took over the Hungarian crown, and Slovakia became part of the vast Austrian Empire.
In the middle of the XIX century. Ludovit Štúr (1815-1856), son of a pastor, created the Slovak literary language.
In 1918, the Slovaks recognized the provisional government of Tomas Masaryk, as a result of which Czechoslovakia was formed.
In 1918, the President of the Republic, Tomasz Masaryk, during the signing of the law on Slovak immigrants in the United States, promised that an independent Slovak parliament would soon be formed.
In 1920, the constitution of a united Czechoslovakia was adopted, official language which was declared Czech.
In 1935, in the parliamentary elections, the majority of Slovaks gave their votes to political organizations that advocated autonomy.
In 1938, under strong public pressure, the autonomy of Slovakia was proclaimed as part of Czechoslovakia.
In 1939, after the capture of Czechoslovakia by German troops, a protectorate regime was established in Slovakia, and it formally gained independence. The country was headed by the pro-fascist leader J. Tiso.
In August 1944, the Slovak partisans organized a national uprising, which was brutally suppressed in October of the same year.
In April 1945, Soviet troops began to liberate Slovakia; by May 1945 Bratislava was liberated.
In 1947, due to the deteriorating economic situation in the country, the communists began to lose the support of the general population.
In 1948, the so-called February victory of the communists took place, when, after twelve non-communist ministers resigned, Gottwald secured the approval of a new government, in which there were no longer representatives of other parties.
In the 1990s, serious reforms were carried out in the post-communist republic to transfer the national economy to market principles, in particular, the privatization of state property.
In April 1990, the Federal Assembly announced the new name of the state: the Czech and Slovak Federal Republic.
Market reforms in Slovakia were much more difficult than in the more economically developed Czech Republic.
In 1992, in a referendum, the majority of the Slovak population voted to secede from Czechoslovakia.
Brief economic essay
Slovakia is an industrial-agrarian country. Ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy, machine-building, oil refining, petrochemical, chemical, timber, woodworking, textile, food industries. Farming predominates in agriculture (cereals, sugar beets, etc.). Horticulture, viticulture. Meat and dairy cattle breeding. Export: machinery and equipment, products of oil refining, chemical and woodworking industries, agriculture, etc.
The monetary unit is the Slovak krone.
A Brief Outline of Culture
Art and architecture. On the territory of Slovakia, monuments of primitive art, as well as ancient Roman buildings from the first centuries of our era, have been preserved. From the Middle Ages, the development of Slovak art took place in the context of a centuries-old struggle for the preservation of national culture.
First architectural monuments belong to the early medieval period. Romanesque buildings of the 11th-12th centuries: a single-hall church in Drazovets, a basilica in Dyakovets, as well as a number of castles. In the XIII-XV centuries. Gothic architecture is developing in Slovakia, in its own way architectural features close to the Czech architectural tradition. Cathedrals in Bratislava, churches in Kremnica and Presov have survived to this day. In the XVI century. leading place occupied by secular architecture. During this period, in the spirit of the Renaissance, town halls, residential buildings were built, and castles were also rebuilt. In the XVII-XVIII centuries. Baroque art spread in Slovakia (Trinity Church in Bratislava). In the heh century. Slovak architecture was characterized by classicism.
Bratislava. Stary Grad, St. Martin's Cathedral (XIV century), church of the XIII century, old town hall (XIV century). Kosice. Cathedral of St. Elizabeth (XV century). Nitra. Castle (XIII century), Basilica of St. Emeram (XIII century).
Numerous medieval castles countrywide.
Literature. J. Kollar (1793-1852), a figure in the Slovak and Czech national revival, a poet, scientist, in poems ("Daughter of Glory") and articles, spoke with a program of cultural rapprochement of the Slavs.
Music. By the second half of the XIX century. includes the activities of a galaxy of talented composers who laid the foundations of modern Slovak music. The largest of them is YAL. Bell (1843-1936).
