On vacation in Borovoye from Omsk: on a ticket or savages? Road, prices and reviews of tourists. Private sector and apartments. Bizarre animal-like rocks

The Shchuchinsky district of the Kokchetav region, known for its Borovoe resort, is located in the steppe zone of Kazakhstan. However, the resort itself is located on the slopes of the Kokchetav mountains, at an altitude of 336-482 meters above sea level, and therefore belongs to the type of low-mountain forest-steppe resorts.

Rising on the isthmus between two large lakes, the Borovoye resort is like an island among the steppes, covered with a pine forest. The semicircle covers its main massif of the Kokchetav mountains. There are many lakes around -\u003e mountain, located at different levels, and steppe.

Picturesque nature, clean air (by the way, there are no mosquitoes or midges in it) and a favorable climate attract many people here.

The main purpose of the resort is the treatment of tuberculosis, as well as diseases of the organs of movement and a number of other diseases. Climatotherapy is combined here with koumiss treatment. Mud and mineral waters are applied.

What is the climate of the resort Borovoe?

It has all the features of a continental steppe climate, which, however, are softened here, since the main massif of the Kokchetav Mountains protects the resort from cold north-western winds, forests on the territory of the resort itself reduce the strength of the wind, moreover, in their shade and on the shores of lakes you can find coolness on a hot summer day.

The continentality of the climate is expressed in a significant difference between the temperature of winter and summer, as well as the temperature in the daytime and at night (especially in the warm season), in the maximum amount of precipitation in the summer months and, despite this, in the dryness of the air, which is explained by the high temperature air and short rains. Solar radiation reaches high values.

Winter in Borovoye is moderately cold. The average temperature of the coldest month, January, is -15°. Moderate (down to -12°) and significant (up to -22°) frosts are frequent, in some years even frosts of 40-50° are possible, but thaws are not excluded. Steady snow cover occurs from early November to mid-April.

Spring is clear. Around April 10, the average daily temperature passes through 0°, and in the first days of May - through 10°. By the middle of May frosts stop. This month, the average temperature during the daytime reaches 18 °, and air humidity - the smallest values per year (47%).

Summer is warm. The average daily temperature of the warmest month, July, is about 20°, June and August - about 17°. There are often hot and dry days when the temperature reaches 40°C and the relative humidity drops to 40%. On average, it is about 49%. For a month, on average, there are 10 days with precipitation, but the rains are short. They are mostly showery in nature and are mostly accompanied by thunderstorms. The greatest amount of precipitation falls in July (average 56 millimeters), in June - 52 millimeters, and in August - 45 millimeters. Lots of sun. The duration of sunshine is greatest in June - 300 hours (that is, 10 hours daily). This is 66% of the possible sunshine at a given day length. In July and August, the sun is somewhat less (286 and 244 hours, respectively).

Autumn begins with a decrease in the average daily temperature to 10 ° and with the onset of frost. The average date for these phenomena is 25 September. In a month the temperature becomes below 0°, and in another month - below -10°.

The hottest month of the year in Borovoye is also the most touristy. AND locals, and vacationers tend to escape from the city to nature, and Burabay, located a two-hour drive from the capital, is best suited for this.

Around Lake Borovoye there are wide strips of beaches, both paid and free, open to the public. On hot days, places are occupied on them from the very dawn. Paved paths for walking are laid around the lake, and in the wild remote corners of the pine tree come up to the water itself. The reservoir is fed by cold springs, but from the sun the water in the lake warms up to +20 - +25 degrees, a temperature comfortable for swimming. The water in the lake is clean, even at great depths you can see the sandy bottom. From early spring until the start of frosts, diving and spearfishing are carried out in Borovoe. For a fee, tourists can participate in these activities.

The weather in Borovoe in July is slightly milder than in the rest of Kazakhstan. The air warms up during the day to 30-35 degrees above zero, and at night the temperature stays at around +20-25 degrees. July is not only the hottest, but also the rainiest month: at this time there can be 12 rainy days, but the wind becomes quieter, its speed drops to 13 km/h. Humidity begins to rise after the June drought.

Today, Borovoye is called the "pearl of Kazakhstan" or "Kazakh Switzerland"

You have come to a site dedicated to the amazing land of Northern Kazakhstan - the tract Borovoye (Burabai). On this site you will find myths and legends; natural and climatic conditions; flora and fauna of the tract. All information about the objects of tourism, health-improving institutions of the resort area, enterprises involved in the protection and reproduction of flora and fauna of the State National natural park"Burabai".

The Borovoye tract is one of the most picturesque corners of Kazakhstan, the land of amazing songs and poetic legends, is the center of the world-famous resort area. No wonder, apparently, the area is called in two ways, because it is difficult to convey this picturesque nature in one word.

In 1920, Borovoye was nationalized and recognized as a resort of national importance.
In 1935, the Borovoe State Reserve was organized,
In 1951, the reserve was liquidated and the Borovsk forestry was formed instead.
In 1997, Borovskoe forestry was transformed into the State Institution "Natural and health-improving forest complex "Burabay"
In 2000, by the Decree of the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan, the State Institution “State National natural Park"Burabai"
In 2010, by the Decree of the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan, the territory was expanded national park, by joining the lands of the GU LH "Bulandinsky".
Currently, the total area of ​​the national park is 129,299 hectares.
The national park is a conservation government agency, which is part of the system of specially protected natural territories of republican significance and is under the jurisdiction of the Administration of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan.

The Russian geographer and traveler Ivan Yakovlevich Slovtsov, who made a trip to the Kokchetav district of the Akmola region in 1878, wrote: “It is unlikely that throughout the Kyrgyz steppe there is such a picturesque and rich in heterogeneous gifts area, which is represented by ... the surroundings of the Kokchetav mountains and especially the latter on the eastern side. On a relatively small piece of land, about 20 versts in diameter, mountain cliffs reminiscent of the Caucasus and Altai, overgrown with needles, entered into a wonderful combination with the element of water, which represents here many large and small lakes, with water as clear as crystal, and rocks surrounded by barricades of the most fantastic outlines in the form of mushrooms, churches, pillars, destroyed roofs, etc. This combination of land and water during sunrise presents an amazingly wonderful picture, when inimitable play of light is reflected from the surface of blue waters.

From the beginning of the 1870s, patients from neighboring provinces began to come to the Borovsk region in the summer for treatment with koumiss. The time from 1894 to 1919 can be called the dacha period of Borovoe. It is characterized by the fact that in 1894 the Department of State Property of the Steppe Regions was organized, which began to improve Borovoye.

With the organization in 1898 of the Borovskoye forestry, a forestry school (now an agro-industrial college) was transferred from Omsk to Borovoye. Teachers and students of this school played a big role both in the improvement and in the study of its natural resources.

The first sanatorium with a koumiss clinic was opened in Borovoye in 1910 by Doctor of Medicine Yemelyanov. In 1913 alone, 2,000 people improved their health here. Soon, departmental sanatoriums of some Omsk institutions began to open.

In 1920, the construction of the Petropavlovsk-Kokchetav railway began, and in 1925 it was already brought to the Kurort-Borovoye station. In the same year, Borovoe was nationalized and recognized as a resort of national importance.

With the advent of the railway, the rapid development of the resort began. Since 1927, the sanatorium "Barmashino" (currently the Svetly boarding house) has been opened on the shores of Lake Shchuchye. Since 1928, on the banks of the Sary-Bulak river, the Vorobyovka rest house began to work. In 1934, a children's sanatorium was opened on the southeastern shore of Lake Borovoe.

When the Great Patriotic War began, in the summer and autumn of 1941, research institutes from the western and central cities of Russia were also evacuated to Borovoye. During the war, in Borovoe, more than thirty academicians and doctors of sciences worked together with their families. They were: N.F. Gamaleya, A.N. Krylova, G.M. Krzhizhanovsky, V.I. Vernadsky, A.E. Favorsky, N.D. Zelinsky, S.A. Zarnov, L.S. Berg, S.N. Bershtein, L.I. Mandelstam and many others, as well as the wife of M. Gorky M.F. Andreeva.

Many millions of years ago, in the Paleozoic time, the territory of the tract was covered by the sea. At the end of the Ice Age, as a result of mountain-building processes, the sea disappeared, lagoons and lakes appeared. The climate became dry continental. Numerous lakes and large rivers became shallow, the landscape acquired modern outlines. This land was inhabited by primitive people in ancient times.

The Kokshetau ridge is composed mainly of granites and partly of syenites. According to researchers of the late 19th and early 20th centuries, all the originality of the nature of Borovoye is determined by the fact that granites poured out and solidified at great depths under enormous pressure. Erupted granites over long geological periods were buried under a layer of sedimentary rocks, several kilometers thick. Over time, the shell that covered the granites gradually collapsed and they came to the surface. Due to the reduction in the volume of erupted granite during deposition, cracks appeared in it, breaking the rock mass into sections of a certain size and shape. Most often among them there are plate-like and paralepipedal forms. As a result of weathering, the latter gives a mattress-like shape. That is why many hills, cliffs and rocks in Borovoe seem to be folded huge mattresses. As a result of weathering and the action of water and ice, depressions, depressions, canopies, through holes were formed in the rocks. Therefore, the mountains and rocks of Borovoye acquired an unusually picturesque appearance and have fairly accurate names: Sleeping Knight (Zheke-Batyr), Eagle's Nest, Sphinx (Zhumbaktas), Camel (Burabai), Boar, Elephant, Three Sisters, Devil's Coil, Cow, Watchdog , Slipper of the bride and many others. At the same time, it should be specially noted that each name of a mountain area, rock (mountain), rock fragment is usually quite accurately associated with a certain legend or legend. They are born by way of life, the way of life of people, their colorful, juicy, capacious, poetic language. Legends and tales are unfading, carefully kept in memory, passed down from generation to generation.

The Kokshetau mountains in their shape resemble a horseshoe that surrounds the Burabay tract on the western side. Their total length is about 35 km. With its southern wing, it approaches the city of Schuchinsk, with its northern wing rests on Lake Bolshoye Chebache (Ainakol) and ends with Mount Bolektau (Separate Mountain). The northern and southern wings are connected by the Akylbayasu pass or the Akylbay pass.

The Akylbaevsky pass outwardly looks like a chaotic heap of boulders, each of which often reaches five or six meters in diameter.

The highest point of the ridge is Mount Sinyukha (Kokshe). Its height is 997 meters above sea level. The height of the village above sea level is 250 meters. Mount Sinyukha is nicknamed because clouds cling to its top, floating freely in clear ozonized air or light fog, which together create the illusion of light blue.

If you look closely at the top of Sinyukha, then it can appear before your eyes in the form of a "steamboat". A little lower is a stripe about twenty-five meters wide and sixty meters long. The so-called Devil's Coil. The sides of the rink are straight and even. On a wide bottom, not a single bulge, not a single notch. Its appearance on the top is explained by the fact that, allegedly, a part of the rock collapsed during a thunderstorm and left this mysterious mark on the mountainside.

Legends about Borovoe

An old Kazakh legend, which is passed down from generation to generation, about the origin of the Borovoye tract says:

…Allah, creating the world, gave the Kazakh only steppes. The unfair gift of Allah - the Kazakh decided and demanded from the creator in addition mountains and forests. But the almighty was stingy, he did not want to part with what was left in his korjun. Then a fairy-tale hero, a merry fellow and a joker, a beardless mockingbird, Aldar-Kose, hastened to help the people. He quickly gained confidence in Allah and invited him to play hide-and-seek and draw. In order to have somewhere to hide in the bare steppe, Aldar-Kose asked Allah for a small hill. The Almighty heeded his request and, jokingly, poured a hill in the middle of the steppe, which is still called Bukpa, which means “hide” in Russian. During the game, the quick-witted Aldar-Kose imperceptibly made a hole in the Korjun of Allah. And, when the almighty and the joker started a fuss in the sky in "constriction" and "catching up", earthly beauties woke up on the steppe from a hole: the remains of rocks, forests, lakes, springs ...

There is another version of this legend:

... After the creation of the world, Allah flies over the earth and scatters springs, rivers and lakes, mountains and forests from his khurjun. So the steppes of Kazakhstan appeared, but the bag was empty, only a little bit remained in one corner - the mountains are low, but wooded, the lakes are shallow, but blue, transparent ... And a generous hand scooped it all up in one handful and threw it to the north, to dilute the feather grass steppes and boundless ...

Here is what another legend of this region tells. Many centuries have passed since the time when the Almighty created everything that is on Earth, and, just in case, decided to return to check whether everyone lives as it was intended. It turned out that many residents wanted more for themselves and came to Him from all over the world in the middle of the Eurasian continent, in the steppe of Saryarka, with complaints. The elephant complained about the heat, the taiga bear complained about the long winter, the desert antelope suffered from dust and thirst. A man also came and said that life is too mysterious and he is languishing with various desires that he himself is unable to fulfill. Those living on Earth did not understand that one who is satisfied with everything does not need to do anything, there is even no need to get up after sleep, and having received everything, he will freeze like a stone in his bliss. They did not understand and continued to ask and insist. And then He promised them that it would not be cold or hot, neither too humid nor too dry, and made everyone so happy that they fell asleep in an instant and were petrified for a century.

BURABAY

... Bura was silent, withdrawn, in vain did not disturb the peace of the steppes. He only liked to walk, graze at the foot of Kokshe, quench his thirst with cold lake or spring water.

But as soon as trouble, jute or war approached his native land, or some kind of misfortune threatened the people, Bura immediately changed. He flew like a bird to the top of Kokshe and trumpeted loudly and lingeringly. Mountains and forests trembled from its roar, steppes, grasses and flowers froze, herds huddled together in alarm, dogs whined, birds took off from their homes, animals scattered. Hearing an alarming cry, people, if it was another raid of enemies - the Dzhungars, gathered together, slaughtered cattle as a sacrifice to the sky, sharpened swords and spears, made bows and arrows, put on white shirts over their armor, prepared to meet the impending disaster with honor ...

The people revered, idolized Bura, protected him from the evil eye, a poisonous arrow, freed him from all worldly worries. But one day, on the way to the watering place, Bure met an arrogant dzhigit - the son of the Khan - Kasym. Showing off his strength and accuracy, the accuracy of his eyes in front of a retinue of his own kind, he shot an arrow at Bura. Bura howled in pain and fell to his front legs. The cruel dzhigit was gratified by the death throes and suffering of the camel: laughing, he plunged one poisonous arrow after another into the head, eyes, stomach of the dying Bura. The camel howled angrily, foreshadowing grief and misfortune to his offender...

The blood and tears of the camel merged into one brook, flowed into the darkened, grief-stricken lake. Trumpeting, Bura crawled towards the water with the last of his strength in order to take a sip of life-giving moisture, but the ruthless Kasym, laughing, stuck a crooked, sharp dagger into the camel's body. Bura did not crawl to the edge of the shore, he died, turned into stone, and the people called this stone Bura. After this incident, the people hated the khan and his son Kasym, and over time, their entire family died out, and the memory of him was lost in the vast expanses of the steppe.

And here is another of the endings of the legend… Having blocked the path to the advancing enemies, Akbura's prophetic camel turned into Mount Burabai.

The majestic Okzhetpes rock (translated into Russian - an arrow will not reach). Its height does not exceed three hundred meters above sea level. It is an adornment of the shore of Lake Auliekol (Borovoye). According to testimonies, more than sixteen legends and tales were composed about this rock. When writing his well-known poem "Kokshetau", the poet, statesman Saken Seifullin turned to these life-giving sources of folk art and gave them a special meaning, a special sound. The great poet of the Kazakh people, masterfully mastering the word, managed to accurately, talentedly convey the essence of the Okzhetpes legend, and she, voiced in a new way by him, became a symbol of love and fidelity, female honor and dignity. Three legends are most famous among the people about the Okzhetpes rock.

1. The Great Steppe was constantly shaken by large and small raids of the Mongols, Dzungars, Kalmyks. Her enemies were merciless: they ravaged villages, stole cattle, killed men and children, took women and girls into captivity, took them into slavery ...

The formidable Khan of the Middle Zhuz, Abylai, often punished the offenders, made them understand that an encroachment on the Great Steppe, its people cannot go unpunished. And he took revenge on especially zealous, restless, vicious ...

Once Khan Abylai won a crushing victory over the Kalmyks and returned with a lot of booty from a campaign in his native land. In the shadow of one of the lakeside cliffs, Abylai decided to share all the trophies obtained in the battle between the participants of the victorious campaign. Everyone got it in full. It remains to decide only one thing - to whom to give the captive young beauty Kalmyk?

Too many of the warriors wanted to see her as their wife. But the Kalmyk woman answered every offer with a categorical refusal.

The protracted dispute between the warriors, claiming the hand and heart of the beautiful Kalmyk girl, puzzled Khan Abylai. In order not to inadvertently offend any of his valiant warriors and not to captivate the beautiful Kalmyk woman in her choice, he suggested that she herself determine the worthy one.

The Kalmyk beauty listened to the wise advice of Khan Abylai. But she decided to resolve the dispute between the heated horsemen in her own way. She climbed to the top of the rock, at the foot of which the warriors were stationed, fixed her white scarf on its top and said:

- Shoot, jigits! Whose arrow will fly to the top of the mountain, I will marry him! ..

Dzhigits competed for a long time, they fired many arrows from their bows, but not one of them reached the top of the cliff, not to mention touching the hung white scarf with their sharp sting ...

Khan Abylai became angry both at his inept warriors and at the stubborn Kalmyk woman and ordered her to descend from the top of the stone cliff...

But the beautiful Kalmyk Abylai disobeyed the formidable Khan and acted against his will. She perfectly understood that only on the top of a mountain cliff she was free and free. If she again descends into the headquarters of the angry, hard-hearted Khan, she will lose the last thing she now has. At best, she can become a concubine or wife of an unloved person. Neither one nor the other was to her liking. Therefore, she decided to take the last, desperate step in her young life - she threw herself from the top of a mountain cliff into the waters of the Blue Bay of Lake Borovoe ...

So the young beautiful Kalmyk woman died, challenging the khan's will and everyone who wanted to see her as his wife. Maiden honor, dignity, pride turned out to be above all for her, and she did not give up on them.

It is quite possible that over time, memories of the recalcitrant, wayward, freedom-loving Kalmyk beauty would have been erased from human memory, if the unforeseen had not happened: at the place of her fall on the lake surface of the Blue Bay, a zhumbaktas appeared - a rock - a mystery, or as it is still very often called the Sphinx.

Everyone sees something different when looking at a rock. Most often, she looks like a tired, thoughtful old woman, then a young, purposeful girl ... Some people associate the appearance of this rock with either a young or old woman, but consider it a symbol of a rushing, restless female soul. And this, according to the legend, is closer to the essence of the act of a proud Kalmyk woman, closer to reality, to the truth of life. If you peer at the ear of the "Elephant" from the side of the lake, you will see a girl standing to her full height, holding a scarf in her hand.

2. It was a long time ago. Once upon a time there was a prosperous buy by Lake Borovoe. He had enough of everything. But above all his wealth, he valued his only beautiful daughter. He loved her, fulfilling her every desire. Contrary to existing customs and traditions, he refused to give her in marriage, no matter what kalym was offered to him for her. Desiring only the happiness of his only daughter, he allowed her to choose as her husband the one who was closest to her soul and heart.

“My husband will be our farmhand-shepherd Kasim,” she told her father.

- What are you saying? Bai was indignant. “Your husband will not be the laborer Kasym, but the strongest, most courageous, most dexterous horseman,” he said in anger.

Bai announced his desire to all near and far auls, and on the appointed day, the best of the best gathered at the rock. He told them:

- My condition is this: whose arrow will reach the top of the rock, for that I will give my only daughter. Whoever tries, but does not do what I have said, I will cut off his head ...

The horsemen's attempts were in vain - not a single arrow reached the top of the cliff, many laid down their heads at its foot ... Then the daughter again turned to her father:

“Father, let Kasym shoot from the bow.

“Well, since he is tired of carrying his head on his shoulders, then let him shoot,” the bay agreed favorably.

Kasim fired his bow. But even his arrow did not reach the top of the stone cliff. The bai's close associates immediately seized the poor fellow, twisted his hands and were already ready to cut off his head. But the girl stopped them, she again began to ask her father:

“Father,” she said, “you will always have time to cut off Kasym’s head… Have mercy, let Kasym shoot one more time…”

The wayward bai humbled his pride, yielded to the desire of his beloved daughter.

While the farmhand was preparing a bow and arrow, the girl climbed to the top of a stone cliff, and to cheer up her lover, she sang his favorite song. Her voice was wonderful. He, like a silver bell, rang, spilled over the mountains, over the lakes, over the forests, and this gave strength to Kasym, the arrow flew to the top and fell at the feet of his beloved.

Celebrated a rich wedding. After the wedding, Kasym asked his wife:

Why did you climb to the top of the mountain?

“If your arrow had not reached the top a second time, then my father would have ordered to cut off your head, and I couldn’t live without you, I would have thrown myself from the top and broken on the stones,” she answered him ...

In addition to these two well-known legends among the people, the traveler I.T. Slovtsov managed to record an ancient legend about the Okzhetpes rock:

…In ancient times, when only the Kazakhs owned the Great Steppe, a huge Eagle-prophet lived on top of a stone cliff. He vigilantly followed everything that happened in the district. This Eagle was objectionable to many, he did not allow the wayward and self-willed to commit unseemly acts. There were many who tried to shoot the Eagle, but their arrows did not reach the top of the stone cliff where the objectionable bird lived. There were also those who tried to climb to the top of the cliff in order to kill the Eagle and destroy its nest. But all their many attempts were in vain. Years later, a rumor spread across the steppe that the Prophetic Eagle had flown away. But in the memory of the people, the legend of a proud, free, things-like bird that lived on the top of a stone cliff is still fresh, to the top of which an arrow will not reach, not every traveler will reach ...

And here is another little-known legend about Okzhetpes.

Before Zhekebatyr or later, no one can say for sure about this, an extraordinary boy was born in one of the peaceful villages of Kokshetau. He was a large child and every day he grew more and more. By the age of ten, he was so stretched up that an arrow fired from the ground only reached his chest. People began to call him Okzhetpes, i.e. "The arrow will not reach." As tall as he was, he was also endowed with remarkable strength. Since there was no such living creature that could withstand him, he tamed an elephant.

The Kazakhs have always endured the attacks of enemies. From all sides, with the greed of hungry wolves, enemies made raids, devastating the villages. But every time Okzhetpes appeared on the way of the enemy. And each time the enemy suffered crushing defeats, and the survivors left with nothing. Once all the enemies of the Kazakhs united and decided to destroy and plunder the villages at all costs. The enemies were innumerable. Okzhetpes smashed and destroyed enemy soldiers for several days in a row. At last they trembled and took to their heels.

They say that batyrs are simple-hearted and trusting. Okzhetpes decided that the enemy would no longer dare to return, and therefore it was worth having a good rest and sleep. He swam in the waters of Auliekol, entered the forest at the foot of Kokshetau and lay down in the shade of trees. The enemy did not sleep. He followed the actions of Okzhetpes, tracked him down and attacked the careless batyr with thousands of soldiers. The batyr, left without a weapon, began to tear out the trees around and crush the enemy with them. (During the battle, Okzhetpes uprooted the trees near the neighboring village and a clearing formed there. And later, after many years, Abylai Khan will rest on this clearing and people will call the lawn “Abylay Khan’s Glade.” But this will be in a millennium). But the forces were too unequal - an unarmed batyr and thousands of enemies shooting at him with bows, throwing spears at him and beating him with axes. Okzhetpes is very tired. He understood that as soon as he fell, they would attack him, tie him up and mock him. Captivity is a disgrace! Then, gathering the last of his strength, he shouted loudly.

– Oh, the Almighty! Don't let me die the shameful death of a prisoner! Turn me to stone!

In order not to give his elephant to the enemy, he lifted it up and turned into a block. And so he froze in stone with his raised elephant.

And this is how our ancestors explain the origin of the Okzhetpes peak.

In one of the auls, a horseman of extraordinary natural strength, courage and courage was born and grew up. While he was young, he did not particularly strive to stand out among their peers. He had fun, like everyone else, without knowing any special worries. And when he matured, gained experience, began to look more closely at his surroundings, to comprehend it, it was as if a veil had fallen from his eyes. He saw the hopeless poverty, the grief of the people: the villages were now and then subjected to raids by enemies, many suffered the fate of slaves, there was not a trace left of the former camps and nomad camps. The Kazakhs themselves did not know how to live peacefully among themselves - they were at enmity among themselves because of pastures, brides ... Envy, self-interest, revenge often led to bloody battles ... Young Batyr was saddened, waved his hand at everything and decided? I’ll leave the village, get happiness and wealth, and then I will bestow them on all my relatives, maybe then they will calm down, stop bleeding themselves with civil strife and strife, find peace and joy ... He forged a sword, helmet, chain mail, dressed in armor, sat on the faithful horse and went to the end of the world for happiness for his people ... On his long journey, he met many valiant warriors from unknown, alien lands, who, like him, sought to achieve one goal - to obtain happiness for their people ... Once, evil forces blocked the path of Batyr . He fought for a long time, but could not overcome the countless hordes of enemies. From the endless struggle, he was blind, deaf, and only then he finally realized that no matter how brave and strong he was, it was impossible to go after happiness alone. The warrior was completely exhausted from these thoughts, fell on his back. So Zhekebatyr with a helmet on his head, with frowning eyebrows, a thick mustache, a straight hooked nose, thick lips and a waist-length beard, turned to stone.

The story about this batyr was as follows:

He protected one mountain from enemies.

Standing at his post, he accidentally took a nap And remained asleep forever and ever.

About Khan Abylai - the Khan of the Middle Zhuz, the people composed, preserved in unfading memory many legends, tales and poems ... At the foot of famous mountain Kokshe is a sacred place for the Kazakhs - the natural granite throne of Abylai Khan and the glade of Abylai Khan - unique monument wildlife, which is characterized by a special microclimate. There is a special activity of sunshine, an abundance of biologically active ultraviolet rays, under the influence of which the human body "rejuvenates" ...

…According to legend, representatives of large families of the Middle Zhuz seated Sabulak, a herdsman, by origin Abilmansur, the grandson of the formidable Abylai, on a white felt mat, elevated him to a natural stone throne and proclaimed him their khan. And he began to call himself Khan Abylai. The Atygai and Karauyl clans gave him six of the most beautiful girls and set up six white yurts.

The patron spirit of Abylai was a yellow camel. It was believed that if the camel lies on the road leading to the place of battle head first, then Abylay will be victorious over the enemies, if vice versa, expect failure in the campaign or defeat ...

... In the year of the celebration of the 280th anniversary of Abylai Khan (1991), a stele was installed in the clearing. A museum was also founded, which today has the right to be proud of its expositions, rich library and others.

KENESARY CAVE

The cave is located on the southern shore of Lake Borovoe (Auliyekol), 6 km. from the sanatorium Okzhetpes in the middle of a small rocky elevation. It is easy to walk along the stone steps to the entrance to the cave. The area of ​​the cave is no less than that of an eight-rope yurt. From above, as in a yurt, shanyrak (vault). in front of the cave large playground from where the panorama of the lake is clearly visible. A memorial plaque with poems by Magzhan Zhumabaev is installed on the cave.

That night in a cave among the mountains (Kenesary Khan thought) About the fate of his people.

The grandson of Abylai Khan, the son of Sultan Kasym Ablaykhanov, Kenesary Kasymov was born and raised in a family that played a leading role in the political life of the Kazakhs of the Middle Zhuz for almost a century. Kenesary was born in 1802 in the Burabay tract. From childhood he learned horseback riding and marksmanship. He passionately loved hunting for wild animals that lived in the tract. - Often with his squad, after a successful hunt, he stopped for the night at the foot of the hill, on which there was a cave, so this cave became known as "Kenesary Ungiry". Kenesary participated in the uprising of 1825, raised by his elder brother Sarzhan.

The historian Smirnov, describing his mature years, wrote: "Beautifully dressed in a velvet beshmet with colonel's epaulettes on his shoulders, with standard bearers behind, Kenesary always galloped ahead of his crowds."

Kenesary's direct speech in 1837 was preceded by a series of his attempts to convince the tsarist government to abandon the construction of a system of fortifications in Kokshetau and Akmolinsk.

In 1842, Kenesary moved to the regions of the Elder Zhuz in order to continue the fight against the Kokand Khanate and win back the Kazakh lands from Kokand.

In 1847, Kenesary invaded Kyrgyzstan, where he died in the summer of that year.

TASKAMAL (STONE FORTRESS)

"Botai-Burabai" - an open-air museum, opened in Borovoye, as part of the implementation of the "Rukhani Zhangyru" program
The ethnopark of the Neolithic era was recreated in the resort of Burabay, Akmola region. Archaeological and ethnographic open-air museum "Botai-Burabai" was opened as part of the implementation of the project "Sacred Geography" of the program "Rukhani Zhangyru" and the celebration of the 20th anniversary of Astana.

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In the northern part of Lake Borovoe (Auliyekol), between the spurs of Kokshe and Temirtau, a bay protrudes deep into the shore. In the middle of the bay - a stone island - a heap of weathered mattress-like layers of granite. This rock - Zhumbaktas (Stone - a mystery) resembles either a mysterious Sphinx with frozen impassive features, or a thoughtful young man with a mop of hair developing in the wind. It all depends on the imagination and imagination of a person. If you go from the cordon to the glade of Ablai Khan, then first from the cordon, if you climb higher, then we will see from above the profile of cartoons - from whom Cheburashka, further from the boat station - the profile of a beautiful young girl, slowly walk along and the profile of a young girl turns into a profile of an old woman , and if you swim up to it from the side of the Okzhetpes sanatorium, you can see the face of a mysterious beast (Sphinx).

One of the legends about Okzhetpes says: in the old, old time, there lived one very rich and strong bai. He had many sons and only one daughter. And she was beautiful and stately. In addition, she is smart and a jack-of-all-trades. Her parents doted on her. Her father dreamed of marrying her only to a khan or a biy (judge). One day, a magnificent horseman arrives in this village: he has a beautiful face, a harmonious singer and a master of playing the dombyra - a real sultan among horsemen. Both old and young, choking, talked about the art of the guest. Zhigit and Bai's daughter met and fell in love at first sight. But will the bai agree to their marriage? Knowing this, the young people decide to leave the village far away, where the bai's scouts will not find them. They saddled two Argymaks and fled the village under the cover of darkness. Many days and nights passed before they calmed down and decided that they were no longer in danger. These were the neighborhoods of Burabay. On the banks of the Auliekol, among the fragrant greenery, they set up their hut. Zhigit built a boat and the young people on it glided along the water surface. Then they looked beautiful bay in the northern part of the lake and began to increasingly rest here under the canopy of young birches and firs. Whether because the bay is always in the shadow of Burabay, or the water here is special, but it is so transparent that you can see the bottom and the blue-blue spring sky. Therefore, our ancestors called this bay Kogildir Koltyk (Blue Bay). Young people in love rode here, admiring the clear water, flocks of fish, the grace and fidelity of swans. Like a pair of inseparable swans, they spent the happy days of their honeymoon. Meanwhile, her brothers were looking for their sister, not knowing the rest. The father, furious that his daughter had run away with a one-horse poor man without family or tribe, could not calm down and demanded that the fugitives be found. His conditions were harsh: kill the kidnapper and return his daughter. Many days passed, and the bai's bloodhounds fell on the trail of the fugitives and nearly captured them. The young people were the first to see the bloodhounds and, having grabbed something, rushed to the boat. The chase, having missed them, was left with nothing, but was not going to leave. The bai's decree was severe, and they began to monitor their victims. Knowing that the boat with the young often enters the bay, they sat down in the canopy of the trees and waited. Young lovers did not suspect the treachery of the enemy. Once they swam too close to the shore and the girl's brothers did not miss their chance. A gray arrow shot by a well-aimed hand pierced right into the lover's heart. Zhigit fell into the water, staining it with his blood. The girl, having lost her beloved, turns to the setting sun and asks Allah to turn her, along with the boat built by the hands of the groom, into stone. The Almighty, seeing her sincere immense grief, fulfills her request.

Later our ancestors called this rock Zhumbaktas. Indeed, the rock is mysterious. If you look at the rock from one side, it resembles a boat, if you look at it from the other side, it is a real girl with hair fluttering in the wind. And if you drive a little more and look at the rock from a different angle, you will see an old hunched-over old woman.

Dancing birches is a unique birch grove, the remains of which are still preserved on the northern shore of Lake Borovskoye (Auliyekol). The birch trees were bent from the ground itself... Blackened, in ugly outgrowths, they absurdly bent their trunks from side to side, now bowing low, now wriggling in a broken spiral, wagging clumsily, crawled up into the sky, like drunken hunched snakes, enchanted forever by some kind of wild music . And above, green weeping crowns were blooming, but no one noticed them, they were fascinated by the twists of tree trunks. Previously, when there were not very many "savages" who came to Borovoe, and then mainly from the city of Omsk, this place near the grove was a favorite vacation spot for the residents of the village. Here people bathed, sunbathed, rested on the grass in a cool green grove, they followed the twists of old trees with their eyes and imagined that the birch trees were dancing. The people here were always cheerful. This set the whole neighborhood in a light festive mood, and it is not at all surprising that in the general fun the birch trees could not resist and started dancing. That's why they called the grove "dancing forest".

But rarely anyone wondered why this strange dance in nature began, why they are so different from their white-barreled sisters who grow in a dense forest. It's all about the strong wind, which whistled young trees and abundant snowdrifts, under the weight of which the trees bent and overwintered, escaping from severe frosts, and after the snow melted, straightened again and grew up ...

And here is one of the legends about this unique grove:

The youth of the villages located around Borovoe seemed to be entirely art lovers. They gathered on the lawn between the forest and the eastern part of Lake Borovoye and played games, sang songs, and danced. The khan learns about the games and fun of the youth. He wanted to see it all with his own eyes. However, the khan cannot go there accompanied by numerous nukers (warriors) to watch the games. You can go there secretly, without noise, otherwise the youth will be insincere, and the games will be without the usual naturalness and simplicity.

As usual, the youth gathered for the games. Khan, disguised as a simple zhigit, accompanied by one of the nukers, also came to the games and became one of the many who wanted to watch the fun of the youth. No one recognized the all-powerful khan in the modest zhigit. Some games replaced others and the fun flared up with might and main.

The turn has come to show the art of dancing. The girls came out into the middle of the lawn, like white birch trees in the light of the full moon, and rushed into a round dance. Fluttering white dresses, owl feathers fluttering on their heads, flickering legs, a whirlwind of whirling merged into a beautiful sight. Carried away by art, the khan, against his will, exclaimed:

- Oh, beautiful fairies, be happy, live long!

Noticing the Khan, someone exclaimed:

“Oh, all-powerful Khan!

At this, all those gathered rushed to their knees with lamentations:

“Oh, all-powerful Khan!

The dancing girls began to fuss, not knowing where to go, where to hide. They froze in the dance, and so they remained standing, turning into young birch trees.

Today, everyone who comes to Burabay does not leave without looking at the “dancing birch trees”. They really look like beautiful slender girls whirling in a whirlwind of cheerful and fast-paced dance.

More from interesting places Borovoe can be noted Tasbak (tortoise). If you approach Okzhetpes from the side of Lake Borovoe and look at the elephant from behind, you can see how the right ear of the elephant turns into a huge turtle. She stretched out her neck and, placing her right paw on the elephant's head, she strives to rise higher and climb onto the back of the elephant's head.

The described territory is characterized by the presence a large number lakes and weak development of the river network. In the most abundant years of the middle of the 20th century, up to sixty lakes could be counted from the top of Sinyukha, and today there are only about twenty. To the north of Mount Kokshe stretches the steppe, densely dotted with drops of lakes, mostly bitter-salty. In the northwest and northeast, in the granite semicircle of the granite ridges of Bolektau and Koksha, the blue expanse of lakes freely stretches: Borovoye, Shchuchye, Bolshoye Chebachye, Kotyrkolskoye, Svetloye, Lebyazhye, Small and Large Karasye, Small Chebachye, Surinskoye, Belenkoye, and others. All of them are filled with fresh, clean and transparent water. The total area of ​​the main reservoirs of the Burabay (Shchuchinsky) district is about 10,000 hectares. A brief description of the four largest lakes is presented in the table.

Characteristic for these lakes is their high position above sea level: Shchuchye - 390 m, Borovoe - 320 m, Small Chebache - 300 m, large Chebache - 300 m. The water regime of these lakes is determined by the inflow of snowmelt water flowing down from the catchment area during the spring flood, as well as by precipitation falling on the surface of the lakes in the form of rain and snow. The expenditure part of the water balance is almost entirely determined by evaporation from the water surface. The structure of the shores of the lakes also corresponds to the relief of their terrain: near the steep shores, the depth of the lakes is the greatest and the underwater slope is steeper, sometimes steep. The shallow shores have shallow depths, which is very convenient for swimming. The water level in the lakes is constantly fluctuating, as evidenced by the coastal ramparts and terraces. All lakes are characterized by the alternation of long periods of rise and fall of their level. A significant decline observed in the first half of the XIX century. then gave way to an upsurge when all modern lakes, having a connection with each other, constituted a single water system: the water of Lake Kotyrkol flowed into Lake Borovoe along the Sarybulak River, from there into Lake Bolshoye Chebache through the Gromotukha River. Both the Big and Small Chebache Lakes had a connection.

Since the 90s of the XIX century. lake levels are falling again. Bolshoye Chebache is separated from lakes Maibalyk and Maloye Chebache. Pike became drainless, having lost contact with the Kylshakty River; the same thing happened to Lake Kotyrkol and the Sarybulak River. A group of lakes located to the northwest of Bolshoy Chebachy lost contact with each other. Subsequently, lake level fluctuations continued. There was a particularly significant drop in the thirties. The greatest rise was observed in the early 60s of the last century. At present, there is a downward trend in the level of all lakes, with the exception of Lake Borovoe, which is regulated and maintains a constant water balance. All lakes of the Borovskaya group are distinguished by a large variety of plankton (floating) organisms, especially rotifers and phytoplankton, as well as benthic bottom animals, in particular molluscs. The coastal aquatic and bottom vegetation is poorly developed, only in some places there is a rare reed and small areas of pondweed.

The lake has two names: the first is “Borovoye” – geographical, the second – Auliekol – historical. If one turns to the works of the Borovoye state reserve, published in 1948, one can read the following on page 7: On the initiative of the scientist forester V.B. Baryshevtsev, a decision was made by the Forest Council of the Land and State Property Administration of the Akmola and Semipalatinsk regions, which in December 1915 made a decision “on the allocation of the Kokchetau Ridge, Mount Sinyukha and rocks with lake Borovoe, located in Borovskoye forestry, as natural monuments. Lake Borovoe is one of the picturesque lakes of the Kokshetau mountain range. Surrounded on all sides by a pine forest, it lies at the eastern foot of Mount Sinyukha (Kokshe). The level of the lake is 320 m above sea level. The lake is almost round in shape, a circle with a radius of 1.7 km can be inscribed on its shores, and the outlines of the northern, eastern and southern shores almost coincide with the circle line. Only the western coast, forming three large bays, goes beyond the inscribed circle. The area of ​​the lake is about 10.0 km2. The length of the coastline is 11.5 km, the degree of sinuosity is 1.2.

The southern, western and northern shores of the lake are composed of granites, which in huge slabs either go under water or form sheer cliffs rising above the water. The cliffs are separate cone-shaped, collapsing granite blocks. Cape Maxim Gorky, Zhumbaktas (Sphinx) island, Korov (Ayutas) cliff, Pakhomovka cape stand out on the northern shore: Gorely cape on the western shore, Kzyl-tas cliff on the southern shore, the eastern shore is sloping, sandy with well-defined sand shaft. The shores of the sandy shore are covered with a beautiful pine forest. Lake Borovoye is a fresh, flowing body of water. It was a link in a large river system, which began in the Kokshetau mountain range and rushed north beyond this massif. Separate links of this ancient stream can now be traced on the map along the remaining chain of lakes, the first of which are still connected by channels and freshwater, and the last are isolated and salty. The first link was Lake Kotyrkol. Once upon a time, Lake Kotyrkol and Borovoe were one whole, they were separated only by a shaft 20-30 meters wide. They were called Northern (this is the current lake Borovoe) and Southern (the current lake Kotyrkol). They were connected by a channel, which was called Sary-Bulak, according to the yellow color of the reeds that grew on the shore. The lake to the north is large, overflowing, and the south is small, narrow, stretched out in length. It is interesting that the northern lake is clean without reeds and the fish in it are large and oily. The southern, small lake is all in reeds and there are almost no fish in it. Around big lake forests and boulders. In ancient times there were many streams that flowed into it. In spring, melt water flows into the lake from all sides, forming ravines and waterfalls. And at the same time, the water does not overflow the shores of the lake. She is on the same level.

The Imanaevsky stream flows into the lake from the west and two nameless streams from the south side, from the southeast the Sary-Bulak river. From the lake, in its northeastern part, the Gromotukha River flows out, in high-water periods, the noise from its flow under the place was heard far around, which is why it was called that. At present, it is only a weak stream, although even 40 years ago in the spring it was impossible to cross it. The water in the lake is fresh. Mineralization is 0.1 - 0.15 g / l.

Lake Borovoye can be attributed to lakes in the aging stage. The specific regime of the lake, its flow, regulated by man, somewhat slow down and distort the natural course of development of the reservoir, the lake basin is covered with a layer of silt, thicker in the southern part and insignificant in the northern. The bed of the lake is leveled and has a general gradual slope to the north. In the eastern and western parts of the lake bed cones of fluvial and key sediments are well expressed. The distribution of sediments is directed towards the lake's runoff - towards the Gromotukha River. The rest of the northern part of the bed can be called deep. It has an insignificant layer of silt, and in the deepest part it is devoid of it and sandy. The average depth of the lake is 4.4 m, the largest is 6.0 m near the northern shore against the cliff "Korova". Lake, quite overgrown with aquatic vegetation. On the southern shore of the lake in the bay "Quiet" between the rock "Kzyl-tas" and cape "Gorely" in the 60s, water lilies grew - white, large flowers on the surface of the water with a stem length of 1.0 - 1.5 m. two types of fish: perch and chebak. In the 70s of the last century, the lake was stocked with tench, carp, carp. At present, all these fish species have been significantly crushed and are not of industrial interest. There are sanatoriums on the shores of the lake, many hotels and hotels on the south side of the lake. On the east coast there is the restaurant "Ainakol", the newly built hotel "Elem", a well-equipped beach with parking. The coast of the lake constantly attracts vacationers with its diverse landscapes. The road and equipped footpath around the lake, as well as many trails, represent a lot of close and distant routes for walking and excursions.

Big Chebache

Lake Bolshoye Chebache (Ainakol) is the largest of the lakes of the Burabay group. The area of ​​the water mirror is about 24.0 km2. The average depth of the lake is about 14.0 m, the maximum depth is 34.0 m. It is located 20 km. from the city of Shchuchinsk: an open lake, without aquatic vegetation, only in the northern part in the Kurya Bay there are insignificant thickets of reeds and cattail. The northern and eastern slopes are gentle, while the western and southern slopes are steep, formed by the slopes of the mountain range. The bottom is composed of yellowish-brown clays covered with silt, up to 2 meters thick. The lake has several small islands, which gradually united and in the future can block the lake into several separate reservoirs. The lake is empty. From the southern shore near the resort of Borovoe, the Gromotukha River flows into the lake, flowing from Lake Borovoe. The lake is gradually drying up. The highest water level was in 1961-62. when, due to heavy rainfall, for two years in a row, a dam broke through, which regulated the water level in Lake Borovoe and a huge mass of water rushed along the Gromotukha River into Lake B. Chebachye. The water was flowing almost all summer. All the islands were filled with water and were at a depth of about 2.5 meters. Water flooded all gardens adjacent to the shore, coastal forests. They sailed along the river by boat from Lake Bolshoye Chebache almost to stone bridge. The former creek in the forest was completely connected by a channel, near which the main building of the Borovoe sanatorium is now located at the top of the mountain. For many years now this creek has dried up, and probably forever, although it has never dried up before and always connected with the lake in spring. After the 60s, a vegetable farm was organized on the eastern shore of the lake and an intensive water intake from the lake began, and this continued for almost 20 years, until the environmentalists sounded the alarm and the water intake was stopped, but the lake irrevocably dried up and continues to dry out. On the western side of the lake, a long and narrow spit juts out deep into the water, where tourists from the city of Omsk set up summer camps in the summer. For several years in a row, a festival of bard songs has been held there, so a lot of people gather from the neighboring regions of Russia and Kazakhstan. The islands have dense vegetation: thickets of red currants, birch bushes, and pine trees rarely rise among them. On the southwestern and western coasts, near the northern slope of Mount Sinyukha, above and below the water's edge, the coast is covered with boulders and stones of various sizes. The fall of the bottom is steep, so that already a few meters from the shore, great depths are noted. Along the southwestern shore, along the northern slope of the mountain, there is the path of Ybray Sandybaev, expanded into the road in 1915-1916 by captured Austro-Hungarians. Due to the amazing resemblance to the nature of Lake Baikal, the inhabitants called this road the “Baikal Road”. A route is laid along this road to Maybalyk Lake. On the northern shore of Lake B. Chebache and the southern shore of Lake Surinskoye (Tekekol) there is a sanatorium - dispensary "Maybalyk". On the southern and southeastern shores of the lake is the area of ​​the village of Borovoye, the so-called Kuchugur area. There are a few fish species in the lake: perch, chebak, peled, carp and crayfish.

Small Chebache

Lake Maloye Chebache (Shabakkol), located to the northwest of the Sinyukha Ridge, the average water surface area is about 21.0 km2, the average depth is about 9 meters. The water surface of the lake is open, small thickets of reeds are found only in a small southwestern shallow bay. The bottom near the coast is predominantly sandy and sandy-pebble, closer to the middle it is loamy, silted, and rocky near the southeastern mountain coast. The northern and western shores are gently sloping, 5-10 m high, loamy, stony in places, exposed. The southeastern shore is mountainous and hilly. The lake is empty. From the northwest and south, several dens flow into it, the flow through which occurs only in spring. In recent years, the lake has been gradually drying up. According to information received from fishermen, the water level in the lake fell by 3-4 meters compared to the high-water years of 1962-1963. After the spring filling of the lake, the mineralization of water is 2.3-2.7 g/l, and in summer and winter it increases to 2.8-3.0 g/l. The water of the lake is not suitable for drinking and is used only for watering livestock and household needs. Dorofeevka (now Akylbay).

Lake Shchuchye is located near the city of Shchuchinsk. The water surface area is about 19 km2, the lake is deep; maximum depth is 30.0 m in the central part, the average depth is 14.0 m. The water surface of the lake is open, without vegetation. The bottom is muddy, sandy near the northeastern and southeastern shores, and pebbly near the southwestern sandy one. The shores of the lake are mostly gentle, only the southwestern shore is steep, adjacent directly to the foot of the Shchuchinsky hills. The lake is drainless and has no permanent tributaries. Over the past 30 years, the level of the lake has fallen by 7-8 meters. The mineralization of water in the lake remains constant throughout the year and is about 0.2 g/l. The water of the lake is currently not used for drinking and domestic water supply of the city. There are several health resorts and hotels on the coast. On the eastern coast - the sanatorium "Svetly", "Zheke-Batyr", the rest house "Botagoz"; the sanatorium "Zeleniy Bor", "Shchuchinsky" and the hotels "Rixos Borovoe" and "Almaz" are located on the northwestern side, on the west coast there are the tourist center "Zolotoy Bor" and the children's republican health center "Baldauren". Currently, an asphalt road has been laid along the entire coast of the lake. On south coast there is a city sandy beach. From the west of the Shchuchinsky sanatorium, a gradual ascent leads to the bizarre steeps of Mount Zheke-Batyr. To the north of the sanatorium towards the sanatorium "Okzhetpes" there are small hills and rocks covered with forest, among which small lakes are scattered here and there: Svetloe and Karasye (Small and Large). If you go along the road to the sanatorium "Okzhetpes", then not far from the convolution to Kokshetau climb up the rise, where the observation deck "Rakushka" is located. From here you can clearly see the panorama of the mountains Sinyukha, Burabay (Camel), Okzhetpes, Zheke-batyr.

Lake Katarkol is located in the southern part of the Borovoe forest, at a distance of 20 km from the Kurort-Borovoe station. Length - 3.5 km., Width - 1.5 km. the total area is about 6 km2., the average depth is about 4.0m. The water surface of the lake is open, thickets of reeds and reeds are found mainly near the northwestern shore. The bottom near the coast is dense, sandy-loamy, sandy-stony in places, slightly silty in the middle and in the western part. The lake is in the process of drying up. Near the eastern shore, across the lake, there is a dry sandy spit, which once separated part of the lake; at present, the eastern part has completely dried up.

The shores are flat, mostly swampy. Once the river Sary-Bulak flowed from it, but due to a strong drop in the level, the flow was practically stopped. Thanks to the shallow water, sandy beach, forest spread along the coast, ideal conditions have been created for children wellness holiday. On the north and south sides the sanatorium "Priozerny" named after S. Seifulin, RML "Okzhetpes" and several children's health centers are located. The water of the lake is well warmed up, slightly mineralized, suitable both for drinking and for household needs.

Lake Maibalyk is located between the lakes Big and Small Chebachy, 20 km. north of the city of Shchuchinsk. The area of ​​the water mirror is about 1 sq. km. In the western part there are two bays (southwestern and northwestern). The water surface of the lake is open, in the shallow part of the western and southwestern sides there are small coastal reeds. The bottom of the lake near the shores is covered with large rubble, in the middle with silt deposits up to 0.5 m thick. The shores of the lake are steep, almost all the way high. The lake is empty. It has no tributaries. The water level fell by 3.6 m compared to 1963, i.e. at that time it was connected to the Small Chebachye lake, and in the spring flood to the Bolshoy Chebachy lake. This connection has now been terminated. The water in the lake is salty, mineralization is 19-29 g/l.; the water and mud of the lake is used to treat patients with rheumatism, arthritis, neuritis and some bone diseases.

THERAPEUTIC FACTORS OF THE SHCHUCHINSKO-BOROVSK RESORT AREA

Borovoye has been known as a resort place since the second half of the 19th century. AND ABOUT. Pavlov wrote: “Persistent, all-consuming sadness destroys the body, while joy, making you sensitive to every beat of life, every impression of being, indifferent to both physical and moral, develops and strengthens the body.”

First healing factor , by definition N.A. Beklemisheva, is the beauty of nature. Beautiful views of the resort area are used for a charitable effect on the psyche of patients. Every vacationer undergoing treatment in Borovoe is recommended to get acquainted with the above-described unique picturesque objects of Burabay.

The second healing factor, is a mode of treatment and rest. The sanatorium regime is “a way of life regulated by a scientifically based system of rules and measures that provide appropriate conditions for effective treatment, good rest, rehabilitation and health promotion.” The sanatorium regime is based on a fixed daily routine: certain hours for sleeping, resting, eating, taking procedures.

The third healing factor. Borovoye is known, first of all, as a climatic resort. The barometric pressure in Borovoe is kept at an altitude of 970 mm in summer. and 980 mm. in winter. Therefore, in vacationers, breathing deepens and intensifies, ventilation of the lungs improves.

The fourth healing factor is air. The air in Borovoye is exceptionally clean. ON THE. Beklemishev writes: "The air of Borovoe, moderately rarefied and humid, is saturated with the aromas of herbs and essential oils of pine needles." This air is the key successful treatment lung diseases.

Fifth healing factor is the air temperature. Borovoye is characterized by higher average temperatures, their greater variability and wider limits of periodic temperature fluctuations. Significant fluctuations in daily and hourly temperatures have a training effect on the thermoregulatory systems of the body, contribute to its hardening. The winds reach greater strength, up to storms, but the sanatoriums are located in the forests, at the foot of the mountains and are perfectly protected from winds of all directions.

Sunshine is characterized by a large number of hours per year and high activity of solar radiation, an abundance of the most active ultraviolet rays.

The sixth healing factor water procedures: rubbing with cool water and swimming in lakes. On hot summer days, swimming in the lakes is perfectly refreshing and brings a lot of satisfaction to vacationers. It should be canceled that due to the northern location of Borovoye, the season when the wide use of bathing in the lake is possible is short and is limited to three summer months. The temperature is highest in Lake Borovoye, shallow and well warmed by the sun. The water in the deep lakes of Shchuchye and Chebachye is a few degrees cooler in summer, while in autumn a large amount of water in these two lakes cools more slowly than in Lake Borovoe, and therefore the water temperature here is somewhat higher.

The seventh healing factor Borovogo is a movement treatment. As you know, for the normal functioning of the human body, sufficient daily physical activity is necessary. The mere stay in Borovoe with its rugged terrain forces vacationers to constantly overcome moderate ascents. Even without any special treatment, the state of cardiac activity among vacationers improves significantly.

For the treatment of patients with heart disease, dosed walking is used - Terenkur. For example, in the Okzhetpes sanatorium, dosed walking is carried out along five routes. The first route is 800 m, the second route is 2000 m, the third route is 4000 m, the fourth route is climbing 1000 m, the fifth route is 5000 m.

For vacationers who, for health reasons, do not need strictly, dosed walking, walks in the vicinity of sanatoriums, rest houses and dispensaries are recommended. You can choose countless routes for this, ranging from half-hour walks to hiking trips.

Okzhetpes sanatorium has developed tourist routes with increasing, gradually increasing the distance of the route and the load. Walk along the fifth route - 5 km. From the Okzhetpes sanatorium along the southwestern coast of Lake Borovoe, after two kilometers, turn to the west and north, pass to the bridge over the Imanai spring and exit to the meadow of Abylaikhan and then to the sanatorium building.

Walk to the rock small Okzhetpes (Bastion) from the sanatorium Okzhetpes along the southwestern coast to the rock and back - 6 km. Walk to the cave of Kenesary Kasymov. The road along the southwestern coast of Lake Borovoye to Bastion Rock through an unnamed stream to the south of the lake is 500-600 meters - a total distance of 10 km.

Walk to Lake Chebache, along the northern coast of Borovoye, acquaintance with Okzhetpes rock, Zhumbaktas island, blue bay and to the north through the isthmus between Chebachy and Borovoy to the shore of the Small Chebachey and the route along the Baikal road with a total length of 6-7 kilometers. The farthest route to Lake Maybalyk along the southern shore of Chebachy to Maybalyk and back to the Okzhetpes sanatorium is 12-13 kilometers.

From the Shchuchinsky sanatorium: The road along the western shore of Lake Shchuchye to the city of Shchuchinsky, a distance of 8 km. Walk to Lake Svetloe - 5 km.

Climbing Mount Zhekebatyr.

The eighth healing factor Borovoe is a koumiss treatment. Borovoye has long been famous for its koumiss. Kumys is the national drink of the Kazakhs, which is made from mare's milk. Koumiss contains vitamins A, B, C, alcohol and lactic acid, proteins, fats.

Koumiss treatment in Borovoe, since 1934, is carried out all year round. Koumiss is prepared in a laboratory way on farms with. Madeniet, Kumkosiak. Kumis is one of the best health-improving means of all sanatoriums and rest homes. It acts on the whole organism: there is not a single organ that would not be influenced by it. In the treatment of koumiss, the secretion of gastric juice increases, digestion improves, and appetite increases. Koumiss also acts as a bile and diuretic.

In the last decade, large sanatoriums Okzhetpes, Shchuchinsk, Burabay began treatment with shubat - made from camel milk.

The ninth healing factor is the use of mineral waters and treated mud. ABOUT medicinal properties iodine-bromine water of Lake Maybalyk and therapeutic mud of Lake Balpashsor have long been known to balneologists and hydrogeologists. Back in 1958, Doctor of Medical Sciences Beklemeshev N.D. described in detail the state of lake Maybalyk and Balpashsor in his book Borovoye.

In all sanatoriums of the resort area of ​​Borovoe, high-quality therapeutic muds of Lake Balpashsor are widely used. The deposit of therapeutic mud of Lake Balpashsor is a unique natural formation. Lake Balpashsor belongs to the group of lakes, including a chain of six lakes (Ulkensor, Mandybai, etc.). Location 25 km. north of the village Borovoye, Balpashsor is a large collector of high-quality therapeutic mud. The area of ​​the lake is small, only 1.3-1.5 km2, mineral mud lies on the bottom of the lake in a uniform layer of 30-35 cm throughout its entire length. Mud reserves are suitable for exploitation and amount to 235 thousand m3. in the northwestern part of the lake there is no mud, or it lies in a thin clogged layer. Balpashsor mud is a thin homogeneous shiny mass of black color with the smell of hydrogen sulfide. Its humidity in different years fluctuates between 45-82%.

Currently, two deposits of therapeutic mud are being exploited, therapeutic mud Lake Balpashsor and bromine brine of Lake Maibalyk. The therapeutic mud of Lake Ulkensor is conserved. Therapeutic mud of Lake Balpashsor has found wide application in the sanatoriums of Borovoye, Shchuchinsky, Okzhetpes, in the sanatoriums of Zhekebatyr, Avtomobilist, Zeleny Bor and Maybalyk.

WEATHER IN BOROVOE

The area under consideration belongs to the forest-steppe and steppe climatic zones. The climate is sharply continental, with hot summers and harsh winters with little snow. The main climatic feature of the tract is its convenient location. The sun, rising here to 60° above the horizon, creates an exceptionally favorable solar insolation, giving a large amount of ultraviolet rays. The favorable position of the sun above the horizon, the state of the atmosphere, its transparency, unobscured clouds are the most valuable features of the climate of the resort area, which, together with other elements, make Borovoe a wonderful healing place.

In 1920, Professor I. A. Valedinsky, who led a balneological expedition in Borovoye, wrote that Borovoye was a valuable climatic station for tuberculosis patients, patients with chronic bronchitis, pleurisy, etc.

The great advantage of Borovoe is the duration of sunshine, almost twice as long as in the central regions of the European part of the USSR. In Borovoye in December, the sun shines for 71 hours, and in Moscow for 19 hours. At the Caucasian Mineral Waters (including Kislovodsk), the duration of sunshine is somewhat less than at Borovoe. According to

HELL. Vodkovskaya, the number of hours of sunshine in Borovoe per year is 1968 hours, an average of 5.4 hours per day.

Systematic monitoring of the intensity of solar radiation was carried out by I.G. Zheleznikov in the summer-autumn season of 1956-1957. It turned out that at 13 o'clock very high figures of radiation intensity are rarely observed: for the whole summer only five times it exceeded 1 calorie per 1 sq. km. see per minute. At the same time, despite the relativity of the cool rainy summer of 1956, low radiation figures were very rarely observed, as a result, the average intensity at 13 hours (including cloudy days) was: in June - 0.65, in July - 0.73, August - 0.74 and September - 0.5 calories per 1 sq. see per minute. From this it follows that the sun in Borovoe "rarely bakes, but warms well."

Many authors wrote about the high degree of air ionization in Borovoye. But specific observations were first made in 1957 by I.G. Zheleznikov at the site of the Shchuchinsky sanatorium in July-August in various weather conditions, which gave average figures for light ions: positive 2,390 per 1 cubic meter. see air, negative - 2,480 in 1 cu. see, the unipolarity coefficient was 0.96. How high these figures are, the analysis of the table shows.

The number of positive (n +) and negative (n-) ions and their unipolarity (n + /n-) in different areas.

It follows from the above data that the air ionization in Borovoe is indeed very high, even greater than in the high-mountain resorts. There were also no significant differences in the measurements of ionization at various points in the territory of the resort (Shchuchinsky and Borovoe sanatoriums).

The climate of Borovoye, despite its continentality, is characterized by evenness. Sharp fluctuations in air temperature are less pronounced here than is observed in other areas of the same latitudes. In addition, the air of Borovoye is especially transparent and clean, has moderate humidity, and is not polluted by soot and gases from industrial enterprises.

In the forest zone of Borovoye, the amplitude of air temperature fluctuations is somewhat softened by large lakes and the terrain. The climatic conditions here are somewhat different than in the whole of Northern Kazakhstan and the adjacent territories of the Urals and Western Siberia. Average annual temperature air is 2.5°. The annual amplitude of average monthly temperatures is 47°. With the lowest average in January - 25° and the highest average in July +22° (1984). The maximum temperature reaches 40°, and the minimum drops to -45°. In some years, the air temperature can significantly deviate from the average. In the summer months, the difference between the minimum and maximum average temperatures reaches 12-13°, for example, August can be both very hot (+ 25°) and cool (+ 12%). The warm months in Borovoye are May - September, the cold months are November - March.

Atmospheric pressure, given the location of the resort at an altitude of 350 m above sea level, should be reduced by 30-40 mb. The Siberian anticyclone has its effect in winter on the entire Northern Kazakhstan, so the maximum pressure falls on the cold season. On average, it is 978 MB per year. The lowest pressure of the atmosphere falls on June - July (970-967 mb.).

No less sharply fluctuates air humidity at 13:00 from April to September below 50%. On average, for the year it is about 70%, rising in November to 81% and falling in May to 55%. The minimum relative humidity drops to 10% in summer, that is, to the humidity of deserts and semi-deserts. Fogs are rare up to 10 days a year. The second regime is characterized by the predominance of the southwestern direction during the year (32% on average). The wind speed averages about 3.5 m/s per year, with the highest wind speed observed in November - December, when it reaches a maximum of up to 8.0 m/s, and the lowest - in August - up to 2.0 m/sec. In summer, the winds of the northern directions prevail, in winter and autumn - the south. The most calm months are January, February and March.

In the forest zone precipitation falls 1.5 times more than in the steppe. Most of the precipitation falls in the summer, reaching up to 200 mm in some years. And more, indicating their continental distribution. The amount of precipitation fluctuates sharply from year to year. Summer rains with heavy thunderstorms are a frequent occurrence. Average annual rainfall for the period 1950-1960 was - 380 mm., 1960-1980. - 440 mm. And for the last period - 312 mm. the climate becomes drier. Snow cover is unevenly distributed. In the more elevated and forested part, there are more significant reserves of snow than in the plain steppe. The first snow falls at the end of October, but most often it melts, there are years when it is absent until December. The height of the snow cover reaches 20-35 cm. The latest date of snow cover melting was observed on May 18, 1956

The warmest month of summer is July, the average temperature of which is 18-20°. Sometimes, on especially hot days, the air temperature may rise by 40-42° during the daytime. Summer also has the most precipitation. The maximum is in July and August. However, there are years with a complete absence of precipitation for 1-2 months. Along with this, wet years are noted, when precipitation fell up to 100-200 mm. And more than a month. So, for example, in July 1938, precipitation for the month was 246 mm. Precipitation in summer is more often showery. Sometimes 50-75 mm falls per day, but this is quite rare. In summer, thunderstorm activity is developed.

SOILS OF BOROVOYE

The territory under consideration is included in the steppe zone. This is a forest oasis in the middle of the arid endless steppe of Kazakhstan. Therefore, the soil and vegetation cover of its mixed type, where both pine-birch forests and steppe vegetation are present. Accordingly, soils are divided into two types: chernozems and podzols. The formation of two completely different soil and plant complexes is mainly due to the nature of the relief - the presence of mountains and plains and some difference in climatic conditions.

Podzolic soils were formed within the Kokshetau mountains under forests on the products of destruction of crystalline rocks - granites, partially quartzites and slates. These are typical soils that form under coniferous and mixed forests in a temperate cold climate. They have an acidic reaction, are enriched with silica, are poor in silty fraction, are distinguished by a low content of humus in the humus layer, coarse mechanical composition and low power.

In the mountains, on the uplands, soil formation processes take place on the products of weathering of crystalline rocks, which form a loose, well-draining topsoil through which water easily seeps deep into, carries away the salts contained in the soil. This causes the development of woody vegetation (mainly pine), which does not tolerate a significant salt content in the soil. Dying forest plants and a thick layer of needles form humus, which dissolves well, releases acids into the water, further leaching the surface layer of the soil. Therefore, the accumulation of humus is insignificant, only the smallest particles of silica remain in the soil, giving it a light gray tint.

Due to the fact that the soils of the region have not yet been fully formed, only weakly podzolized soils are developed here. There are no real podzolic soils, which are developed, for example, in the northern taiga, in this area.

Completely different conditions of soil formation have developed in the steppe part of the region. In a dry climate with low precipitation and high evaporation of moisture from the surface, chernozems are formed here. The soils are poorly washed, which leads to a weak division of their profile into horizons and to the fact that only substances readily soluble in water are carried out from the upper horizons to the lower ones, which leads to the enrichment of the soil with base. Every year, the soil of the steppe zone receives a large number organic matter - the remains of the terrestrial parts of the root system of plants that do not decompose to the end Products of incomplete decomposition accumulate, forming humus-humus, which leads to the formation of chernozem.

In this area, medium-humus, gravel, meta brackish chernozems and their varieties with a thickness of 70-80 cm, with a humus content of 7-8 percent, are developed. These soils are quite fertile and in rainfed conditions give good yields of grain crops.

In river valleys, in more humid depressions, meadow and meadow-marsh soils are common, with varying degrees of salinity. In summer, due to the high temperature, increased evaporation begins with the soil surface, as a result of which water begins to rise from the deeper layers to the surface of the salts dissolved in it, forming solonets (accumulation of salt on the very surface of the soil).

VEGETATION OF THE BOROVOE STREAK

The area of ​​the tract is located in the steppe zone, but depending on the terrain, there are also forest-steppe combinations. The vegetation of the tract is represented by the following types: forest, steppe, meadow, marsh, and in some places solonchak. The forests of the tract consist mainly of pine, birch and aspen. Aspen is found only as an admixture with pine-birch forests; only in separate depressions do they form pure stands. Predominantly pure pine forests grow on granite hills, and mixed pine-birch forests grow on low mountains and plains, or pure, both pine forests and birch forests.

The forests of Borovoe are mostly pine. In one of the pre-revolutionary geographical publications, it was noted that in Borovoe “a pine forest grows in abundance on the mountains, which near the peaks and on steep ridges has retained the character of a virgin forest ... At the foot of the mountains, the pine forest is sparse with birches, aspens and poplars ... Pine trees reach 11 fathoms in height…”

Interestingly, before the ice age, not pine, but oak and alder grew here. This was discovered after drilling peat on Lake Karas'em. With the invasion of ice, deciduous forests disappeared, giving way to taiga forests. Subsequently, after warming, pine forests replaced the taiga thickets.

Scots pine in our area reaches a height of up to 25 meters and a trunk diameter of up to 80 cm. These are indicators for the best growing conditions, and pine in dry, stony or swampy areas of a small tree of 8-10 m and a trunk diameter of 12-16 cm. in our conditions up to 300-350 years. On the rocky slopes of the mountains, in the crevices of the rocks, you can find these trees unpretentious to the soil. Here they lack moisture, are exposed to the wind, often have a one-sided, twisted shape and curved trunks, but despite all this, they continue to tenaciously cling to life and are admired for their vitality and love of life.

Such pine forests are of great aesthetic and high soil protection value. Pine blossoms in May - June, the seeds ripen in the second, less often in the third year. Pine is one of the main tree species used for afforestation. Often used in landscaping because of its decorative crown shape. Many hundreds of hectares in the territory of the national park are planted with this breed, which reach the age of 60-80 years. In medicine, buds, annual shoots, resin, seeds and young one-year-old cones are used.

There is a saying: “Pray in a pine forest, have fun in a birch forest, hang yourself in a spruce forest.” It is noted quite accurately: the pine more harmoniously than all other trees nourishes a person with energy. The biofield radius of a healthy tree is 2-3 meters. In a pine forest, a person is enveloped, as it were, in a thin, delicate lace by the beneficial energy of a pine tree.

Another widespread tree species is birch, which has two types here - warty (or drooping) and downy. In granite low mountains, birch plantations are usually unstable and eventually give way to pine. Only in closed drainless depressions with excessive moisture do indigenous birch forests form. Birch reaches a height of up to 20 meters and a diameter of up to 60-80 cm at chest level. Birch trees live up to 200 years. When you enter a birch forest, the whiteness is breathtaking, somehow unusually clean and fresh. Filled with a light green glow of leaves and a pinkish glow of trunks, the birch thicket seems to soar in the air.

There are many pure birch copses in Borovoe, next to coniferous forests on steppe lands. In total, birch plantations occupy eighteen thousand hectares here. A birch-pine forest overgrown swamps, which were once lakes, in the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe lakes of Bolshoy and Maly Karasye, Svetly. Probably, there is no forest in the world lighter than birch. After the dense twilight of the forest, a clean birch forest is like a bright holiday. In winter, on a snow cover, the birch forest is blindingly white.

Everything in birch, except for the roots, is used in medicine. Birch sap contains sugars (fructose and glucose), proteins, malic acid. Birch sap is used as a food drink. Birch buds are brewed and drunk for colds. A tincture of them treats the stomach. Infusion of birch buds as a diuretic has been used for a long time. This was first mentioned in 1834 in the Russian Medical Newspaper. Under the influence of infusion of buds or leaves, urination increases significantly (from 0.5 to 2.5 liters), swelling disappears, shortness of breath and the amount of protein in the urine decrease. Essential oils and resin contained in the kidneys also have an expectorant and anti-inflammatory effect. Birch buds and leaves well normalize hormonal and metabolic processes in women and men. An infusion of birch leaves improves bile secretion, crushes stones in the kidneys and bladder, helps treat prostatitis, and has a tonic and vitamin effect. The most useful leaves are collected on the day of the summer solstice (June 24), when there is a lot of sun, a high sky and a long daylight hours. And birch brooms, collected at this time, have a particularly beneficial effect: the resulting volatile essential oils eliminate colds and lung diseases. Such brooms treat not only the body, but also the soul. Weakness, depression and irritation go away. Birch has another amazing property: it does not die even if it is cut down, even if it remains nowhere, it would seem, a worthless stump, it gives life to new growth. When sawing off clearings, you often meet a family of several birches that seem to have risen from one patch of land - which means that there was once an ordinary birch stump here, which finally nourished young trees.

The third tree species is aspen. Although it is sometimes called a weed, it is not at all true, there is nothing superfluous in nature, and aspen is one of the most important forest-forming species. Aspen is a fast-growing (at 40 years old it reaches a height of 20 m), but a short-lived breed. Lives usually 60-80 years. Aspen is a pioneer breed, it is the first to occupy old clearings, burnt areas, conflagrations, where later birch and pine appear under its canopy. Aspen is decorative and especially beautiful in autumn in parks and green areas. Aspen wood is white, soft, easily pricked and cut, so it is widely used for various crafts.

The undergrowth of forest stands consists of shrubs: willow, wild rose, mountain ash, hawthorn, elderberry, currant, cherry, raspberry, juniper, bird cherry, etc.

In the summer, the forest ripens: raspberries, strawberries, stone berries, lingonberries, many mushrooms appear: porcini, milk mushrooms, boletus, boletus, boletus, fly mushrooms, champignons, mushrooms, volnushki, chanterelles, russula, honey mushrooms, pigs, fly agaric and others.

In this area during the Pliocene period, in a warmer and more humid climate, deciduous forests grew here, which in glacial period were replaced by taiga vegetation, and then, after warming, by pine forests. Comparatively not so long ago, the forests of the tract were richer. The steppe lying to the north of the Chebachy Lakes was also once covered with deciduous forests, partly pine.

Over the past 130 years, the forests of Borovoe have suffered greatly, mainly from fires. So, in 1931, 262 hectares of pine forest died from fire, in 1935 - 1700 at once. Until now, the tree stand in these areas (Mount Camellyd) has not yet been restored, a part of Kokshe Mountain burned out relatively recently, and an ugly dry bald spot turned out. When the forest will be restored on it, is it unknown? There have been no devastating forest fires lately, but there are a lot of cases of catching fire, the forest guard of the National Park and two fire stations of the Department of Emergency Situations of the Burabay district quickly liquidate them.

Starting from 1960, acclimatization of maral, red deer, argali, Siberian ibex, wild boar, muskrat and re-acclimatization of bear and capercaillie took place on the territory. The deer population dissolved upon contact with red deer. Bears had to be abandoned due to the fact that they began to enter the villages. Argali and Siberian ibex, migrating beyond the territory of the farm, became victims of poachers and predators. The muskrat, which used to be numerous in the local lakes, is now very few in number due to freezing or outbreaks of infectious diseases. The remaining acclimatizers have taken root well in the economy.

Currently, deer, elk, wild boars, roe deer, squirrels, ermine, weasel, and pine marten are found in the forests of Borovoye. Of the predators, there are lynx wolves. In the steppe and forest-steppe, foxes, corsacs, ferrets and hares - hare and hare are often found, badger and wolverine are common in the forests. From insectivores it is possible to meet a hedgehog, a mole, a shrew. There are many different small rodents in Borovoe: in the steppes, jerboas, mole rats, baby mice, voles, hamsters, marmots, on the lake coast - muskrat, in the forests - red and forest voles.

Acclimatization of deer in the territory of the national park was carried out in 1966. Typical deer habitats are deciduous plantations and young pine forests with clearings and thawed patches, with good regeneration of coniferous and deciduous species, with undergrowth of willow, juniper, with good forbs. In spring, deer come out to the southern, open slopes of the mountains, where grassy vegetation appears much earlier than in the forest. The rut takes place in September-October. In late spring and early summer, females bring one, rarely two calves. Males with harems stay on an area of ​​​​about 800-900 hectares. The daily course in search of food for deer in winter is up to 2,500 m, and in the case of abundant feeding, no more than 500 m.

Fawns suckle their mother for 4-5 months, but begin to graze from 10-20 days of age. On the 10th month of life, in the place of future horns, males have “pipes” up to 3.5 cm high, and in April the first, unbranched horns grow, which fall off in May-June of the next year. The second antlers are already branching and shed annually in the spring. In nature, the life expectancy of deer is usually 11-14 years, rarely 20. According to accounting data, in 2005, the number of deer in the territory of the Burabay State National Park is 700 individuals.

The most numerous representative of ungulates in the territory of the national park is the roe deer. Typical habitats for roe deer are sparse forests, preferably birch and aspen plantations, with an undergrowth of shrubs alternating with glades and thawed patches, with good herbage. Roe deer usually brings two calves, occasionally 3-4. The main factor limiting the number of roe deer is deep snow and the formation of crusts, which deprives access to food and leads to the death of animals. Forage competitors are deer.

The enemies of deer and roe deer are usually wolves, lynx and stray dogs. Fox, wild boar, eagle owl, golden eagle are dangerous for young animals. With the formation of deep snow cover, roe deer move to the steppe spaces, where snow is blown off the fields, or to the southern slopes of hills, where early thawed areas appear. Roe deer migrate in small mixed herds of 3-5 animals. As the snow cover melts, the reverse migration occurs. According to the accounting data for 2005, the number of roe deer in the territory of the State National Park "Burabay" was 820 individuals.

Acclimatization work on the wild boar was carried out in 1972. In total, 46 animals from Balkhash were released into the lands.

The rut of wild boars lasts about two months, and falls on November-December. Due to the length of the rut, piglets are born between March and April. The number of piglets is from 3 to 12, more often 4-6. During early spring frosts, broods often freeze. The number of wild boars is also affected by deep snow, deep freezing of the soil, the death of young animals in these cases reaches 60%.

The wild boar has a typical appearance of a stocky animal with a body length of 130-175 cm, a height of 100 cm and a body weight of 60-150 kg. The head is very large, wedge-shaped extended forward. Coloring is from light brown or gray to almost black, and piglets are born striped.

The size of the wild boar habitat depends on the availability of food and the protection of the land. Per day consumes from 2.5 to 6 kg of feed.

Newborn piglets have a mass of 600-1650 gr., On average, about 850 gr. They begin to extract a small amount of rhizomes and animal feed at the age of 2-3 weeks. The striped coloration, which persists until mid-summer, makes them invisible. According to the latest data, 200 individuals of wild boars live in the territory.

The ancestor of all sanatoriums, dispensaries and rest houses on the territory of the Burabay Natural and Recreational Forestry Complex is the Borovoe sanatorium. The resort is located on picturesque place in the forest, on a narrow isthmus between the lakes Borovoe and Chebache. From the north, from the side of Lake Ainakol, it is well protected by a ridge of rocky, forested hills of Bolektau. The beginning of the organization of the sanatorium "Kurort-Borovoe" can be considered 1920, when all private dachas and rest houses were nationalized by decree.

The first organizers of the State Resort were doctors-administrators Yakubovsky S.T., Kolpakov K.G., invited from Tomsk.

In 1926, Nikolai Aleksandrovich Semashko, People's Commissar for Health of the USSR, visited Borovoye. In the Izvestia newspaper of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR (No. 184 of August 14, 1926), he wrote: “Borovoye is an exceptional mountain climatic station of the Finnish type throughout the USSR, it deserves to become a “Repair Workshop” for pulmonary patients from all over our Union” .

Arrival of People's Commissar of Health Semashko N.A. contributed to the further development of the State resort in the construction of typical buildings of the sanatorium "Borovoe". In the area of ​​the village Borovoe, several buildings were built. In 1934, there were 650 estimated beds, of which 200 are year-round.

From 1938 to 1941, there were already 750 estimated beds, 250 year-round.

In 1942, the sanatorium did not work. The Borovoye sanatorium housed hospitals for wounded soldiers and scientists of the USSR Academy of Sciences lived.

From 1945 to 1948, the Borovoye sanatorium worked seasonally, in summer the number of patients was from 300 to 570 people.

From 1948 to 1954, there were 750 estimated beds, 200 year-round beds, and since 1971, about 1000 patients began to receive treatment all year round.

Over the past 20 years, a lot of work has been done in the sanatorium "Borovoye" and its environs to create the best conditions for servicing patients. The number of patients who received rest and treatment in tubes. sanatorium "Borovoe" only in the last decades more than 40 thousand people.

In 1987, a new building for 240 people with a club and a canteen, treatment and diagnostic rooms was introduced. Profile of the sanatorium "Borovoye" active forms of pulmonary tuberculosis. The capacity in summer is more than 2000 people, in winter 1000 patients per race.

The sanatorium "Borovoe" has six medical departments: one pulmonary surgery department for 120 beds, located in one three-story building, four pulmonary therapy departments for 725 beds, one phthisiourological department for 85 beds. X-ray department with four x-ray units and laboratories. The United Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory includes: clinical, bacteriological, biochemical laboratories.

Sanatorium "Borovoe" has rooms: functional diagnostics, bronchological, dental, denture, gynecological, physiotherapy, exercise therapy - 4, inhaler and blood transfusion point.

For the purpose of occupational therapy and career guidance, there are sewing and carpentry workshops, a photography workshop, an amateur art circle and bookbinding workshops with a total coverage of 400 students in two shifts. The organization of occupational therapy in the sanatorium began in 1971.

As you know, the main healing factor for tuberculosis patients is clean air, saturated with essential oils of pine needles. pine forest. The second is year-round koumiss treatment.

Veterans of the sanatorium "Borovoye" are the head of the pulmonary therapeutic department Kim L.P., surgeon Prikhodko A.S., head of the department Ustyantseva G.F., excellent health worker, senior nurse Shekhovtseva A.P., head. department Burenkova M.F., doctors Akhmedshina R.D., Iskakov A.E., Zyrin E.A. From 1969 to 1981, Vladimir Vladimirovich Kolodzeichik worked as the chief physician of the Borovoye sanatorium. From 1981 to the present, the sanatorium is headed by Kurmanov Kaiyrly Khamzinovich - Honored Doctor of Kazakhstan.

Located on west bank lake Borovoe, 300 m. from the rock "Okzhetpes" and the glade of Ablaykhan.

Sanatorium "Okzhetpes" has been functioning since 1965 as a health resort of the 4th branch of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Kazakh SSR. At the beginning of its activity, it had a great privilege and a subsidy from the state budget. Therefore, high-ranking government officials, scientists, writers and famous artists mainly rested here.

Sanatorium "Okzhetpes" year-round operation. Accommodates 160 people at the same time in single and double comfortable rooms. The main therapeutic factors of the sanatorium are: climate with a favorable air environment, mineral water of Maybalyk lake with a high content of bromine and magnesia salts, silt mud of Lake Balpashsor. The sanatorium employs 206 attendants: doctors, nurses, nurses, workers.

Department of the sanatorium and their profile - cardiological, therapeutic, pulmonological, neurological. The physiotherapy department is used by vacationers of all departments. The main types of treatment are: medication, dietary nutrition, mineral baths, mud treatments, massage, acupuncture, air baths, swimming in the lake, sauna. Medical nutrition is carried out according to a 7-day menu, days of Kazakh and Russian cuisine are held. Patients are on a diet of 5,7,8,9,10 and 15 diets. Koumiss and shubat treatment is carried out all year round.

In the sanatorium "Okzhetpes" laboratory tests are well organized. Head Gurieva Lyudmila Vasilievna works as a laboratory, who several times took refresher courses in the clinic of laboratory diagnostics and in clinical biochemistry.

The work of the functional diagnostics room is also at a high level. For example, in 1996, 1921 electrocardiograms were made, 24 rooms of the medical building of the sanatorium are occupied by the physiotherapy department. There are 38 different devices installed in the PTO offices. More than 1,600 people visit a physiotherapist every year.

In 1969, in a picturesque area on the northeastern shore of Lake Shchuchye at an absolute height of 380 meters above sea level, in the Borovoe tract, the construction of a rest house of the Ministry of Highways began, from which the sanatorium-preventorium Zeleny Bor originates. In 1983, a new five-story dormitory building was introduced. Chambers are double, there are also single rooms with all amenities. The medical building is connected with a sleeping building, a dining room, a cinema hall and a library. There is a good beach, a boat station, a sports town. The resort is open all year round.

Indications for treatment in the sanatorium-preventorium ZELENY BOR disease of the cardiovascular system, respiratory disease (non-tuberculous nature), disease of the peripheral nervous system, disease of the musculoskeletal system.

The combination of mountains, lakes and pine forest has a significant impact on the effectiveness of treatment. The barometric pressure is somewhat lower here. Corresponding to this decrease and the partial pressure of oxygen. Therefore, the breathing of the patient who arrived for treatment deepens somewhat, as a result of which ventilation of the lungs increases. The breezes blowing from the mountains and reservoirs contribute to the constant restoration of the favorable composition of the air. Essential oils and pine resin refresh the air, having a healing effect on the respiratory tract, and azone and bright sunlight to a certain extent sterilizes the air, enhances oxidative processes and increases metabolism.

With regard to solar inhalation, the Zeleny Bor sanatorium is characterized not only by a very large number of hours of sunshine per year, but also by a high intensity of solar radiation, an abundance of the most effective ultraviolet rays. In addition to everything, bathing in lakes is widely used. The terrain with steep ascents and descents strengthens the overall muscles of the legs and the cardiovascular system.

A powerful healing factor in the sanatorium is the therapeutic mud of Lake Balpashsor. Mud has a high heat capacity, slowly and evenly gives off heat to the human body. As a result, blood circulation improves, the processes of regeneration and metabolism intensify.

Balneotherapy - artificial chloride, coniferous, iodine-bromine sea baths. From water procedures - circular shower, rising shower, underwater massage shower. The diagnostic capabilities of the Zhasyl Orman sanatorium are very wide, there is a clinical and biochemical laboratory, ECG diagnostics, computer diagnostics, an electroencephalogram, etc.

Doctors can give consultations: a gastroenterologist, a neuropathologist, a gynecologist, a dentist, an endocrinologist, a cardiologist, general practitioners and a physiotherapist.

In the sanatorium Zhasyl Orman, the leisure of vacationers is well organized, mass cultural and sports and recreational events are held every day. Ski trips in winter, hiking in summer, health paths, boat trips, catamaran rides are organized. The resort has a swimming pool and sauna - all year round.

During the functioning of the Zeleny Bor sanatorium, the chief physicians were Pavel Mikhailovich Ziborov, Viktor Ivanovich Drobot, Iva Ivanovich Yankovsky. Currently, LLP of the sanatorium "Zhasyl Orman" is headed by an experienced doctor Brinshinov Kaiyrbek Sakhvalovich.

Resort rest, of course, attracts and beckons to exploits. One of the useful medical holidays is mountain vacation. Lake Borovoe is especially attractive for vacationers. Nature surprises with beauty water resources. The animals and plants are also beautiful.

Cozy hotels and restaurants are accepted in the north of the Caucasus. Kazakhstan has a single currency tenge. Prices are set quite low, although not low amounts are set for the kitchen and meals.

Rest on the lake Borovoe

For gourmets and lovers of meat food, you can try delicious, national cuisine. Lamb is served in almost all restaurants. Cooking is done in large pots and braziers. Lots of spices and seasonings give a special taste.

If you rent a house, then you should decide on a place. For example, the Borovoe resort from Almaty can be visited because of the many small and deep lakes. Shchuchye is a deep lake. Borovoye waters remains exactly wide. The Pearl of Kazakhstan welcomes holidaymakers.

The temperate climate in the resort allows you to enjoy the rays of the sun and warm water. On average, the water temperature heats up to 19 degrees. Even winter holidays enjoy the opportunity to ride on the mountain cliffs.

Near Cape Zheke, batyrs are washed by the waters of Shchuchy. Water has healing properties as well as mud. Fresh and salt water favorably affects the skin of the body. It is pleasant to swim in clean, clear blue water.

For general information, routes for passenger cars became available. Given the geographical location, the village of Borovoye is located 25 kilometers away from the administration of Shchuchinsk.

Land of Lakes Attractions

In Kazakhstan, you can see many attractions besides lakes. Stone Island is a very beautiful corner in the northern part. Okzhetpes rocks always attract with majesty and unusualness. In general, Mount Kokshetau around Lake Borovoe resembles the figure of a sphinx. Green trees hang around the rocks, decorating the power of the rocks.

If you like waterfalls and streams, you can watch the beauty near Mount Bolektau. Water relaxes the body and the body. The mood rises, stress is removed and the vital flow of forces increases.

For visitors to Kazakhstan, a market has been created in the center with national clothes, things, figurines. A variety of products has special types. In the homeland of Kazakhstan, many people drink Kumys. Sour milk drink is very beneficial for the health of the body.

The opportunity to travel across the border of Russia and Kazakhstan has become more accessible. A passport is required to enter. If you have arrived for a long time, then the purpose of entry is marked on the migration card - tourism.

While driving on the roads, the owners will face problems. Since the roads have an uneven track in the stones and mounds. On simple transport, you should drive very carefully and carefully.

Northern Kazakhstan is one of the most amazing regions of the country. Here the steppe zone turns into a mountainous one, luxurious forests appear. And the most famous place is located between the cities of Astana and Kokshetau. This is Borovoye, or local Switzerland. Not only Kazakhstanis come here to relax and gain strength. Hundreds of Russian citizens come to Borovoye from Omsk every year to have a good rest and walk around the surroundings.

What is this resort

This is a very small area, but very interesting for tourists. Hills covered with forest cover about 30 square kilometers. These ridges rise above the surrounding steppes for several hundred meters. Made of massive crystalline rocks, crowned with ridges and peaks, they form an interesting landscape. Over the long centuries, wind and water, like skillful artists, have turned the mountains into the likeness of castles and fortresses, and some peaks have become like fairy-tale heroes or animals. There are numerous lakes in the lowlands.

This is a unique place of amazing beauty, which is why people from Omsk come to Borovoe with great pleasure, despite the proximity of the homeland of waterfalls and rare plants.

Independent road trip

If you want to save a lot on vacation, you can go on vacation by car. This is especially convenient, because the way to Borovoye from Omsk is not far at all, about 400 km; leaving in the morning, by lunchtime you will already be there. There are three options for how to get to the place. The first lies through Petropavlovsk and Kokshetau. Often tourists do not use this route, because a trip to rest in a few major cities not everyone likes it. Although the road is good.

The second route lies through Odessa and Kokshetau. This road is a little shorter and is the most popular among those traveling to Borovoe from Omsk. There is another option - to cut off after Odessa, but the road there is bad, so you are unlikely to save time.

Travel itinerary

Getting to Borovoye from Omsk by car is not difficult. After orienting yourself on the navigator, leave through Odessa and follow straight towards the border. Usually this segment of the journey passes quickly and without any problems. If there are no queues, then you need to provide the car for inspection, and then go through passport control in full force of all crew members. It can take from 30 minutes to several hours.

Then follows a segment of the path between the two borders, there is practically no road here, you have to snake between the pits. Crossing the Kazakh border is practically the same, then the road goes in sections that are not bad, somewhere there are pits. An alternative route through the fields has been laid nearby. A good trail starts only 20 km from the resort area. So, without incident, you reach Borovoye.

pay special attention

Of course, this is the most comfortable way to travel, you can drive around the entire resort area, and if you get tired of relaxing in the bosom of nature, take a ride to Astana along a luxurious autobahn. But keep in mind that when traveling by private car, unlike a regular bus, you can seriously delay at customs. In addition, compare the cost of a ticket on public and private transport in advance. In addition to fuel, you will need to pay insurance, about 300 rubles for 2 weeks. In the event of a breakdown, the need to search for a car service and pay for the work of the masters will fall on your shoulders. One more nuance: before entering the territory of Kazakhstan, you need to stick a pre-purchased RUS sticker on the rear window. And be sure to carefully follow all the rules traffic, otherwise you will have to part with the rights for a long time.

Other ways to get to Borovoye

Regular buses run from the bus station every day. The road to Borovoye from Omsk will take about 11 hours, with stops for rest and lunch. At customs, the bus will skip the line, which saves a lot of time (for comparison, the journey by car takes 5 hours, but the border can add a few more, plus a stop for lunch, it will not be much less). If your luggage does not exceed 60 x 40 x 20 cm, then you do not need to pay for it, otherwise you will have to take an additional ticket for 190 rubles.

If time does not play a role for you, then you can take a train with a change. Such a road is absolutely not tiring, you can sleep and lie comfortably with a book. First you need to buy a ticket from Omsk to Petropavlovsk, which is about 400 rubles, from there transfer to Shchuchinsk (300 rubles) and finally take the rest of the way by minibus, it will cost another 150 rubles. Find out the train schedule in advance so as not to waste time on transfers.

Finally, if you are booking tours to Borovoe from Omsk, then transport issues will not concern you. The travel agency sends several buses, the fare in which is 900 rubles one way.

Rest in tents

If you do not use the services of a travel agency, then you will have to look for accommodation on your own. There are a lot of options, because there are a lot of tourists, and where there is demand, there are offers.

• The most popular and cheapest option is to rent a summer house on the lake. Almost every resident of the private sector has such facilities on his site with a minimum set of furniture, a summer shower and amenities in the yard. Catering to order, depending on the culinary skills of the hosts. The price is quite democratic - 300 rubles per person.
• Numerous boarding houses and cottages are scattered along the shores of the lakes. Here accommodation depends on your requests. Economy class rooms will cost 400 rubles per day, "luxury" - from 1000 to 6000.
• Hotels for accommodation are rarely used by Russian tourists, because they cost about 2000 rubles / day.
• Well-appointed, comfortable apartments are easy to rent, and they will cost about 1000 rubles per day.

But none of these options will convey all the colors of relaxation in the bosom of nature. If you came to Borovoye from Omsk as savages, then ask the local huntsman where you can put up a tent and enjoy. There are places specially designated for this. The hotel will not be able to give you the joys of spending the night under the stars, the aroma of food cooked on a fire. It is this kind of vacation, and not accommodation in a comfortable hotel, that you will remember for many years to come.

Judging by the reviews, the most economical option is to travel to Borovoye by train, followed by a rest in a tent. But you need to take into account that from the place where the minibus will drop you off, you will need to walk a considerable distance with heavy luggage (tents, clothes, blankets, provisions) in order to reach the campsite. Therefore, it is better to make such a trip in your car. After spending the night, the tents can be rolled up, closed in the car and calmly take a walk around the neighborhood.

To Borovoye on a tour package

This option is the most comfortable and convenient. You do not need to worry about anything if you have chosen when planning your own. A special bus will pick you up from Omsk, and upon arrival you will be settled in one of the recreation centers (depending on which one the tour operator advised you). Meals, excursions, and a program for the upcoming holidays have already been organized. It remains only to relax and unwind.

beach holiday

As already mentioned, there are a lot of lakes here. These are Pike, Borovoe, Big and Small Chabachya, Kotyrkol. These are only the largest ones, many more small ones are clearly visible from the mountain: Svetloye, Karasye, Lebedinoye and others. To sunbathe well on the soft sand, Lake Borovoe is suitable. The views of it are simply wonderful, the beach is also wonderful, but the purity of the water leaves much to be desired, so for swimming it is better to move to the shore of the Big Chebachy Lake. Take warm towels with you, in June and August it is better to refrain from swimming, because all local lakes are quite cold. They beat underground springs. Only in the hottest month, the water temperature near the shore can be comfortable. But if you like to catch crayfish or fish, then this is in abundance here.

Excursions

Having entered the territory of the reserve, many are speechless with admiration. The Kazakh land is famous for its free, endless steppe expanses, but here you see a real forest, bright and beautiful. These are mainly birches, so there is no windbreak and small undergrowth, it is very pleasant to walk through such a forest. Although the Russians are spoiled by natural beauties, tourists still often travel to Borovoe from Omsk. Reviews beckon to embark on a journey after them, breathe in the cleanest air, play with tame squirrels, look for mushrooms in the forest.

The cleanest lake is Bolshoye Chebache, where various fish and crayfish live, which can be observed through clear water. If you are not afraid of cold water, you can swim in its purest, azure waters. Another, warmer and, unfortunately, dirty lake - Borovoe - is used more for sightseeing trips than for swimming. A short walk around the lake (only 12 km) will leave a lot of pleasant impressions.

At the headwaters of the Gromovaya River, you can see a unique "dancing" grove. The tree trunks are so intricately curved that the name pops up by itself. The East Coast is a great sandy beach. You can not get around the famous blue bay. Mount Zhumbaktas (Riddle) rises directly from its waters. This is the local Sphinx, and here tourists stay for a long time. The fact is that if you look at the rock from different angles, the picture changes: first it is a girl with flowing hair, then a woman, and finally, the old woman Baba Yaga. A little further is the peak of Otzhetpes, which is very reminiscent of an elephant. A local guide will tell amazing legends about each of the local peaks.

If impregnable mountain heights beckon you, then there are routes of all difficulty levels. You can climb Mount Boletau, Otzhetpes, Kokshe or the highest local peak - Sinyukha.

Horse riding is very popular. For many citizens, this is the only opportunity to get up close and personal with the graceful horse. There is also a more familiar means of transportation - bicycle tours to local caves, waterfalls and mountains.

Entertainment for children

Recreation here is aimed at lovers of harmony with nature, there is no developed infrastructure, so it can be boring for kids, because they simply cannot stand going to the mountains. But you can play plenty on the beach, and in extreme heat - even plunge into the water. Boat and catamaran rentals are available. In addition, several days fresh air will benefit the child. And what is especially nice, there are no mosquitoes and midges.

Summing up

If you are still deciding whether to go, the answer is unequivocal - get ready for the road. Staying in such an amazing place gives an extraordinary boost of strength and energy. The combination of mountains and lakes creates a healing microclimate. But not only air is useful, these places are famous for special mud and mineral water, and the locals cook amazing koumiss. If you are traveling to Borovoye from Omsk, the prices will pleasantly surprise you, compared to Altai, the famous Belokurikha and even hiking to Belukha - everything is much more accessible here.