How to tie fishing knots? Planting a net for pick-ups Planting fishing nets with your own hands

It turns out that in reality everything is not so simple. Fishing has many ingenious secrets and features that experienced fishermen never neglect. One of these “professional” secrets is the correct fit of the fishing net. This is what we will talk about next.

What is network landing?

In simple terms, planting a net is the process of tying a net fabric to a cord. The lower cord (must be larger than the upper one) is called the cargo cord.

Planting a fishing net can be done:
– automatically (during machine knitting of the network);
– manually (using a shuttle).

Network landing methods

Using a milestone. This is one of the most popular methods. The pole is used as an auxiliary tool and is a special ruler with notches at the ends that correspond to the distance between the nodes.

Experienced net knitters do not need to use poles correctly. However, novice fishermen, in order to universally use the pole for nets with different cells, can stick several tapes on it indicating the corresponding values.

Planting a network “on the run”. This method of network landing is used primarily in manually connected networks. The main advantage of landing while “running” is the absence of fastening nodes. This allows the net to move along the landing thread, making the net more catchable and more mobile.

Drift landing net. This type of planting is in many ways similar to planting a net on the run. The main difference is the presence of a “leg” from the bezel to the seating edge. When drift landing the net, the “leg” performs the function of reducing the twist of the web during the pick-up, while the last mesh at the bottom of the leg is captured into a knot in the flint.

Landing in a knot. This is the simplest type of landing for large mesh fishing nets. However, the toughest and most reliable. The method involves threading a cord through the cells. The knot is a mandatory element of landing.

Avid fishermen most often choose a double knot, which is often used when landing a seine.

Landing on a cord. It is primarily used for fine mesh fabrics. The mesh fabric strung with an edge is evenly distributed along the cord. Then the cord is fixed with a landing thread at small intervals on the selection. Among the disadvantages of this method is the likelihood of fabric distortions.

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A net is a catching fishing gear consisting of one or more nettings mounted on pick-ups.

The upper selection is equipped with melt, and the lower one is equipped with loading. Most fishing nets (single-walled gill nets, string nets, frame nets) have catches. Popularly, selections are often called “bowstrings.”

Materials

The materials for equipping the upper and lower selection are:

• floating and cargo cords;
• cords on which net floats or sinkers are attached;
• network floats;
• net sinkers;
• planting threads.

FLOATING CORDS

They go to the top network selection. Floating power cord consists of a floating core and braid. The core is a continuous thread of foamed polyethylene of varying floating ability. It is braided with durable polypropylene fibers, which take on the load when working with the cord.

Russian industry produces cords with floating capacity: 6, 9, 15 and 25 g/m.

The main characteristic of floating cords is their floating ability, i.e. the mass of the load lifted in water per unit length of the cord. It is measured in grams per meter.

For example, the designation of a 10 g/m cord means that 1 meter of this cord lifts 10 grams of weight. In this case, the diameter of the cord does not matter much.

Weight (weight) cords used for equipping as a lower catch of a fishing net.

Weight cords consist of a core and braid. The core is a lead chain of varying weights. It is braided with polypropylene fibers, which bear the main load.

Russian industry offers cords with weighting capacity: 13/14, 22, 25, 30, 50 and 100 g/m.

The main characteristic of weight cords is their weight in the air, measured in grams per meter.

The diameter of the cord is not particularly important, since the main parameter is the actual weight of the cord in relation to the type of network.

As such a cord for equipping networks, they are also often used rubber cords based on conveyor belt. Such a cord practically does not tangle the network and has been used for many decades to equip amateur networks (folk know-how).

Advantages of solid floating and weight lines:

• minimize network tangling (the floating cord has no protruding parts);
• allow one person to easily and quickly install and remove the network, including in winter;
• make it possible to easily install the net from a boat at low speed;
• allow you to install a network with different parameters;
• are strong and durable, and also resistant to many aggressive environments and ultraviolet radiation;
• have low hygroscopicity.

In addition to specialized solid power cords, ordinary nylon cords are widely used to equip networks, usually braided cords.

If you take nylon cords, produced by the Russian company Petrokanat, then of all their variety for equipping networks, the most popular are braided nylon cords"Universal" (NeedleLine) and "Standard" (BraidLine).

These cords, especially BraidLine, have increased strength and, after equipping them with net floats and weights, go to the upper or lower selection of nets. If we take the regions of the Far East, as well as the North, the leader in sales is the black BraidLine cord with a diameter of 4 mm and a length of 500 m.

In addition to fishing nets, these kinds of cords are also used for equipping (planting) fishing nets and other fishing gear.

These cords occupy an intermediate position between specialized solid power cords (floating and weighted) and regular cords.

DanLine cords are specially designed for equipping networks, but they require, like regular cords, additional equipment with net floats and net weights.

DanLine twisted lines are produced by the Japanese concern Momoi Fishing. Russian analogues of these cords are produced by Petrokanat.

FLOATS FOR EQUIPING NETS AND OTHER FISHING GEAR

They are produced in Russia, mainly in six standard sizes: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6.

Advantages of PSVS:

• high buoyancy;
• lower cost than PVC floats.

Disadvantages of PSVS:

• low resistance to ultraviolet radiation and salt water;
• low strength;
• high hygroscopicity at great depths

Net floats made of polystyrene mainly intended for net fishing in reservoirs with fresh and slightly salted water, at shallow depths - up to 15-20 m.

Characteristics of polystyrene floats:

This is a new generation of network floats produced in Russia, which, due to their good quality and lower price, replaced imported rubber floats.

Features of PVC floats:

• high strength;
• high swimming ability;
• low hygroscopicity;
• smooth surface;
• application depth up to 50 meters;
• resistance to sea water and aggressive environments.

The color of the floats is brown.

Characteristics of PVC floats:

PVC floats designed for all types of gill nets (single-walled, three-walled, frame, bottom and floating).

The L series floats are called "salmon".

Floats F-570 and F-1100 are also used for equipping nets and nets.

Net lead weights Designed for loading the bottom selection of nets or nonsense.

They have a cylindrical shape with an internal hole or a split one.

Non-split sinkers have an internal diameter of 6 mm. To secure the load on thinner cords, it is enough to slightly squeeze the load.

Split weights They are universal and can be installed on almost any landing cord.

A wide weight range from 20 to 500 grams allows the use of sinkers to equip fishing nets of various types and designs.

Net weights available on the Russian market have the following characteristics:

No competition here twisted nylon threads, which are widely used for planting and framing nets.

Russian manufacturers offer a large selection of such threads, from which you can choose the color and diameter of the thread for any network.

Russian nylon threads They differ from each other mainly in the coils and winding length. Therefore, we took Petrokanat products as the basis for analyzing the parameters of the threads.

The thread tex is selected depending on the characteristics of the network. The most widely used threads for tying mesh fabric are 187tex*2 and 187tex*3.

Attention! If you are interested in mesh fabrics, which are the basis of any network, then you can read about them in our special reviews:

For examples of the use of materials for equipping the upper and lower selection of fishing nets, see the review:

Where can I buy?

The use of information materials “Always with Nature” is permitted only if there is an active link to the source.

Hello Dear Reader.

In this article I will talk about Single-wall fishing net and its landing.

Dear Readers and Novice fishermen - remember, fishing with any nets is poaching and is punishable by law. Also remember that the nets you throw in the fishing grounds cause harm to the given Fishing Pond, and may lead to the complete or partial disappearance of fish in the area, water pollution leading to the appearance of harmful bacteria, etc. and so on.

Example: In a net with small mesh (and fishermen often use such nets), a lot of small fish are caught, which are simply thrown away. Nets are often placed in the path of fish migration, interfering with the natural movement of fish in the river. Abroad, this type of fishing is considered barbaric (the fish die in the cells and decompose in the water). Dolphins or seals get entangled in nets and die.
We can say that even if fishermen do not constantly check their nets, then what is caught there can rot and thereby poison the water.

Well, now let's return to the recent topic.

Single wall fishing nets. Network landing.

The simplest way to plant fishing nets is to string the outermost row of cells onto a net selection. To maintain a uniform landing coefficient along the line during fishing, after approximately 0.5 m, one of the cells is attached to the line

Planting nets by stringing the outermost row of cells on a selection:

a - method used by Arkhangelsk fishermen (fractional net); b - method used by Icelandic fishermen; c - a method used by Arkhangelsk fishermen (salmon fishing net).

Rice. (A). This planting method is widely used in some areas of our country and abroad. Its main disadvantage is that when installing and removing nets, the fisherman is forced to grab with his hands not only the selection, but also the part of the net fabric adjacent to it, which quickly wears out because of this. Therefore, this method of planting can only be used in reservoirs that are well protected from wind and waves when fishing from small boats, when the catches are small. At high tensions, thin threads of the mesh fabric cut into the fingers. This type of planting can also be recommended for large mesh sizes.

This method of planting fixed fishing nets is widely used by fishermen in the Arkhangelsk region. These nets are 25 m long with a landing coefficient of 0.5 m, and the pick-ups are made from nylon rope with a diameter of 3 mm. The landing thread and the threads for tying the floats and sinkers, as well as the side strings, are made from thread 93.5 tex x 3. The floats are made from PCA foam in the amount of 21 pieces. with a total weight of 0.14 kg, and the sinkers are also made of wire in the amount of 21 pieces. with a total weight of 1 kg for cell sizes of 34...45 mm and 0.6 kg for cell sizes of 50...70 mm.

Estonian fishermen use the same landing when constructing fishing nets for catching small flounder in the Gulf of Finland. The mesh fabric of this network is made from 5 tex x 6 thread with a mesh pitch of 48 mm, a landing coefficient of 0.43, so that the length of the net from a standard doll 150 m long is equal to 65 m. The net selections are made from rope 3..4 mm in diameter. The landing thread is 50 tex x 9, and the thread for tying the sinkers (the floats are put on directly on the upper harness) is 93.5 tex x 6. About 16 of these nets are serviced by 2 fishermen, re-sorting them once a day. One of the varieties of such planting is used by Icelandic fishermen when building nets for catching cod (see Fig. b). It differs in that the outermost row of mesh (half mesh) is knitted while being put on at the same time. The net is secured to the selection through 2 meshes, with a knot, the method of tying which is clearly visible in Fig. b.

Arkhangelsk fishermen use a similar planting when constructing fixed fishing nets for catching salmon off the western coast of the White Sea. On the outer mesh of the mesh fabric, a clew knot is tied with a landing thread, and on the pick-up it is tied with a regular landing knot (see Fig. c). The mesh fabric of such a network is made from 93.5 tex x 3 thread with a mesh pitch of 80 mm. It is planted along the top selection with a landing coefficient of 0.5, and at the bottom - 0.57, so the length of the network at the top is 75 m, and at the bottom - 85.5 m. The height of the network is 6.5 m (50 cells). The selections are made from a nylon mesh with a diameter of 5 mm, while the top selection is made double. The side veins are made from a nylon mesh with a diameter of 3 mm. For planting and tying sinkers, use nylon thread 93.5 tex x 4.

This fishing net is distinguished by its large load and buoyancy. The floats are made of polystyrene foam in the amount of 195 pieces. (120 x 65 x 40 mm) with a total weight of about 4 kg, and sinkers are made in the same quantity from iron rings (D = 100 mm, d = 6 mm) with a total weight of about 13 kg. The total weight of such an equipped network is approximately 26 kg.

Simple single-walled fishing nets are most often placed on a flint, the length of which is 15...20 cm. The exact length of the flint and the number of meshes strung on it are determined depending on the size of the mesh.

a - ordinary; b - with one cell missing; c - with two cells missing; d - landing and details of the net for catching seals in the White and Pechora seas.

The more cells there are on the flint, the greater the uneven tension of the netting thread, and this leads to faster wear of the fishing net material. Therefore, the use of long flints with a large number of cells between adjacent landing nodes should be avoided. The ideal case is when there are only 2 cells per flint. In this case, all threads of the mesh fabric will be tensioned evenly. This is how fixed fishing nets are built for catching seals in the White Sea. The mesh pitch of these networks is 150 and 180 mm. The length of the network in landing with a landing coefficient of 0.5 is 25 m. The height of the network can be 10... 15 and 20 cells with a mesh pitch of 150 mm and 7... 10 cells with a mesh pitch of 180 mm. The net picks are made from a nylon mesh with a diameter of 6 mm, and the side strings are made from 93.5 tex x 18 thread. The same thread is used for landing and tying sinkers; floats are put on directly on the selection. The number of floats and sinkers is almost the same: 28 pcs. with a mesh pitch of 150 mm and 24 pcs. with a mesh pitch of 180 mm. The floats weigh 25 g each, and the sinkers (iron rings with a diameter of 200 mm made of 5 mm wire) weigh approximately 100 g (Fig. d).

If the main loads are distributed unevenly between the picks, for example when picking up a fishing net, it is advisable to take the length of the flints different for the upper and lower picks. So, for example, Estonian fishermen sometimes plant the net described above for catching flounder while running, with 4 meshes being strung on the top pick-up on the flint, and only 2 along the bottom pick-up. Moreover, different landing methods are sometimes used for the top and bottom pick-up. For example, in the Baltic Sea, fixed nets are used for cod fishing (mesh fabric 5 tex x x 9, mesh pitch - 60 mm), the landing of which is carried out along the bottom selection, as shown in Fig. 16, in, and along the top - while running, while taking 3 cells for flint.

Karelian fishermen use exactly the same planting when constructing fishing nets for catching whitefish in lakes. For these nets, the upper selection made of nylon mesh with a diameter of 5 mm has a length of 75 m, and the lower one, made of thread 93.5 x 4, has a length of 82.5 m. This difference in length and thickness of the selection is explained by the desire of fishermen to increase the catchability of the net (net fabric 5 tex x 12 mm, mesh pitch - 40 mm) due to the weak fit of the mesh fabric.

Landing while running is the simplest and technically easiest to implement. However, in some cases it cannot be used. For example, if we have a fine-mesh mesh fabric, then when landing on the run, the mesh located between two adjacent flints will be greatly deformed and stretched, and the thread in this place will quickly break. Therefore, small mesh fishing nets are planted in one of the following 2 ways. The first method is to leave one mesh free between the flints, while for nets for catching sprat and herring with a mesh pitch of 12...16 mm, 2 meshes are allowed through.

With a mesh size of even 28 mm and a flint length of 140 mm (landing coefficient 0.5), as well as when one mesh is skipped, the wear of the threads of the middle (between flints) meshes is 5... 10% less than with a normal running landing without skipping cells. With this method, first tie the planting thread at the pick-up, pass it through the outermost mesh of the mesh fabric and then tie it again at a distance of 10...12 cm from the pick-up with a simple knot, capturing this mesh in it. Then, having threaded the landing thread through the required number of cells, tie a knot on the last cell and, stepping back from it the same distance as in the first case, tie the thread to the selection with a landing knot. This is how the first flint is formed (Fig.a).

To form the second flint, the planting thread is again tied on the last cell of the first flint, grabbing the previous streamer with this knot, and then the required number of free cells is threaded onto it, tying a knot on the last one. And so they continue the planting process until the entire mesh fabric is attached to the selection. As a result of such planting, the mesh fabric is separated from the selection at a relatively large distance, which makes it convenient to select the net and reduces wear on the outer rows of cells, since the weakly hanging mesh fabric does not fall into the selections. As a result, such a landing is used not only in the manufacture of small-mesh fishing nets, but also when fishing is mechanized. This is how all frame fishing nets are planted. There is a modification of this landing (Fig. b), but it is rarely used.

When constructing fixed bottom fishing nets for catching whitefish, Estonian fishermen use a combined landing (Fig. c). Its peculiarity lies not only in the fact that different planting methods are used on the upper and lower selections, but also in the fact that when planting on the upper selection, not one, but two cells are captured at once in the planting thread knot. This is done in order to reduce the tension of the mesh threads located under the streamer.

Icelandic fishermen use an original arrangement of fixed bottom fishing nets for cod fishing (Fig. d). With such a fit, approximately half of the threads of the mesh fabric are under tension. The other half is practically not tensioned, and the threads hang freely. This position contributes to better meshing of fish, especially such large ones as cod (mesh pitch 90 mm), and, consequently, increasing the catchability of the net.

Running landing is the most common landing method. not only fishing nets, but also all other types of fishing gear. This is due not only to the fact that it is easy to implement and with such a landing it is convenient to work with the net: equip them with floats and sinkers, select nets, but also because during fishing in strong waves the net fabric is not wound enough onto the upper selection.

In cases where the disadvantages of such a landing are very noticeable (small mesh size of the netting fabric, large mass of the fishing net, large catches, frequent sea waves, etc.), they try not to abandon this net, but to modify it so as to reduce the negative aspects, maintaining the basic principle - landing on a flint.

Flint landing is not applicable for sea fishing nets, when installing them in places with strong waves, since in this case the outermost row of cells quickly rubs against the landing thread. In this case, it is advisable to secure the cells to the planting thread. If the mesh size is large and there are 2...3 meshes for each flint, then each mesh is secured separately. If there is a larger number of cells per flint, then 2 cells are captured in one unit at once (Fig. a). To reduce the tension of the outer threads of the mesh fabric, sea landing is used with the skipping of one cell (Fig. b). Sometimes marine rice planting is used. (V).

When using the landing on the flint using any method described above, it is necessary to keep in mind that when the pick-up is tensioned, the entire vertical load (the mass of the mesh fabric, the lower pick-up, loading, etc.) is absorbed only by those cells whose threads are located under the landing unit. Therefore, in cases where the network experiences very large vertical loads, running landings should be avoided.

Only good quality material should be used for the planting thread. In terms of strength, the thread should be 2 times stronger than the thread of large-mesh fishing nets that do not have an edge, or 2 times stronger than the outer thread of the edge of standard fishing nets. It is not recommended to use a landing thread thinner than 450 tex even for planting nets made from the thinnest thread.

It is advisable to attach the landing thread to the selection using a tapping or landing knot, the method of tying which is clearly visible in Fig. 18, 19, 20 and 21, in the event that the selections and planting thread are made of materials of plant origin. Nylon ropes and threads, due to their elasticity and smoothness, behave poorly in this sense: even a tightly tightened knot unties during operation, some flints are lengthened, while others are shortened, so that the correct fit is disrupted.

In foreign practice, the landing unit shown in Fig. is widely used. A.

Its holding force is slightly greater than that of a bleached unit. In its structure, it is close to the knot with which Icelandic fishermen secure the meshes on the net (see Fig. b).

On the other hand, it is very close to the hook knot (Fig. b), with which the fishing line is attached to the shank of the hook when it ends with a blade.

Of these three knots, the hook knot has the greatest holding force.

To eliminate the sliding of the landing assembly on the selection, there is the following method. The end of the broom, on which the planting thread is wound, is extended and a recess is cut out in it. When planting, in the place where the knot needs to be tied, the end of the broom is inserted between the strands of the broom, the running end of the planting thread is put on it, pulled through the rope and the broom is threaded into the resulting loop and the loop is tightened. The second hose is applied in the usual way. Such a landing node prevents disruption of the network shape during operation.

When choosing a method for planting fishing nets, one should take into account not only the distribution of tension in the threads and the wear rate of the net fabric, but one must also take into account the catchability of the fishing net. For example, Norwegian scientists in the Finnmark region compared the catchability of conventional fixed cod nets with a landing coefficient of 0.5, fixed at the catch every third mesh, with a net loosely planted on the upper and lower catches, the netting of which is fixed only at the ends of the catch. Thus, fishing nets differed in the mobility of the net fabric and the uniformity of the landing coefficient along the net. The loose net turned out to be 39% more catchy than the usual one. However, no differences in catches were found in the Senya Island area. This is explained by the fact that in this area, under the influence of a fairly strong current, the net fabric that was not secured to the selection was knocked down towards the ends of the net, disrupting the correct shape of the nets and cells.

Thus, when choosing a method for planting the mesh fabric, you should take into account a number of circumstances not related to issues of strength and wear. For example, when fishing for cautious fish in clear waters and in good light, compliance with the correct shape of the mesh mesh during the fishing process can have a significant impact on the success of fishing. It can be assumed that in places with waves and currents, where external forces acting on the network distort the shape of the cells, it is advisable to use planting methods in which these distortions are minimal. Apparently, this can explain the widespread landing of fishing nets with rigidly fastened meshes on the pick-up.

Sincerely, M. Snippy.

M Material prepared by M. Snippy.

Smooth Network Design

The river flowing net is a rectangular mesh fabric with a mesh size corresponding to the size of the intended prey. The length of the net when planted is from 50 m and above, the height is from 1.8 m (both sizes depend on the width of the river and other local conditions). The net is planted on the upper and lower selections with a landing ratio of 1:2. Such a dense planting increases the catchability of the net.

Planting methods are different: for example, large mesh nets for catching salmon are planted by passing the nets through the top row of meshes and tying every 5-6th mesh. To increase catchability, sometimes the net is placed only on the upper, floating cord, while the net hangs freely like a curtain on a window. Such flowing nets are called “self-floating”.

If the net is intended to float on the surface of the water, then the float cord must hold the net and sinkers in the water. At the same time, no less than double buoyancy reserve is provided. If the net is intended for catching bottom fish and must float along the bottom, then the flotation cord should only hold the net in the water, without taking into account the weight of the weight cord. The sinkers will force the net to lower, the lower catch will fall to the bottom, the floats will straighten the net fabric, and the net will take its working position.

River floating nets, as well as fixed ones, can be gill (single-walled), double-walled (there is no point in using three-walled ones - 95% of fish fly into the tackle from one side) and frame. Cutting in double-walled flowing nets is made from thick threads; its mesh size is 3–5 times larger than the mesh size of the particle.

Design The fishing net consists of a mesh fabric, selection and equipment. The mesh fabric is made from twisted thread or monofilament (fishing line) with a factory mesh size of 6 mm and above. The catchability of the net increases with a decrease in the thickness of the mesh thread; nets made from

Making networks Buy a ready-made network or make it yourself? Everyone decides this question for themselves. Twenty or thirty years ago, when netting gear could only be bought under the counter and for a lot of money, they were available only to poachers fishing for

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