Seaport tiksi guide. Port of Tiksi: Waiting for cargo (photo). The emergence and development of the port

In January of this year, without pomp and noisy events, one of the main transport hubs of Yakutia, the Tiksi seaport, celebrated its 80th anniversary. However, there will still be anniversary celebrations, but later, when navigation opens. In the meantime, before the onset of summer, the sea gates of the republic stand on an ice castle, which will melt no earlier than mid-July. About how the Tiksi port lives today - in the photo report of YSIA.

On both sides are rows of abandoned two-story buildings. This is how Morskaya Street, leading to the port of Tiksin, looks now. The glorious past of the hero of the day is reminiscent of a large, solid sign at the entrance, on which the former name "Tiksinsky Commercial Sea Port" appears. The current seaport "Tiksi" is trying to keep the brand, although it is going through, to be honest, not the best of times.

Established in 1934, it processed cargoes received under the Lend-Lease program and ensured the delivery of cargoes to the Arctic regions of Yakutia as part of the Arctic delivery.

The most fruitful year was 1986. Then record volumes of cargo were processed here - 850 thousand tons. In the same year, two deep-sea piers were built, at that time the first in the world. Only one of them is used today.

“There are no such volumes of cargo to use both”, - explains Svetlana Trofimova, Director for Economics and Production of Tiksi Seaport OJSC. In the absence of General Director Vladimir Zemnukhov, she gives us a tour of the port area.

From the once large farm, which included an oil depot, diesel, boiler house, car fleet, there are several cranes, storage facilities, and the port fleet has decreased to four units. Of these, only the raid pusher "Volna" and the crew boat "Zarya" are used for navigation, now they winter in close company on one of the piers.

Hard times began in the post-perestroika years, when much was left to chance, or even completely abandoned. This fate did not bypass the port of Tiksin. Gradually, the cargo turnover began to fall - in 1997 the port processed only 20 thousand tons, and in 2013 these volumes fell to record lows and barely exceeded 8 thousand tons. In 2005, the Tiksi seaport ceased to be a federal one: it was renamed into Tiksi Seaport JSC and became the property of the republic.

Like large volumes of cargo, year-round navigation is also a thing of the past, today it lasts only a few months - just as long as the short Arctic summer allows. The official dates are from mid-July to the end of September, in some cases even until October, but no longer. The rest of the time, the port, like a sleeping beauty, is waiting for its prince (read - navigation).

“Previously, timber, coal, and cargo delivered as part of the northern delivery were loaded here. Now there is mainly commercial cargo for local entrepreneurs, Yakutoptorg brings a little. That, perhaps, is all. The timber is no longer transported, the last time it was loaded by Almazy Anabara in 2008, Svetlana Trofimova recalls.

Nevertheless, she is sure that despite the fact that today the port operates at only one tenth of its capacity, it is still able to repeat previous achievements.

“Everything is functioning here, only frozen. If reactivated, the port will work as it did. And we will cope with the previous volumes. It's just not necessary right now. In past years, large ships came from the sea, unloaded, and then from Tiksi the goods were transported to the Arctic regions. Now there is no such thing. Someday, perhaps, everything will be revived here. We are trying to keep what we have. We carry out survey of moorings and cranes. Suddenly, someday you will need it, ”she continues.

He says that recently - in October-November of the past year - a Japanese came to them. I was interested in how the port was developing, asked if it could not cope with large volumes. "Copes well, just no volumes", - Svetlana Trofimova comments.

Much has been said about the development of the Tiksi port in the past few years at various levels. The main prospects are associated with the revival of the Northern Sea Route and cooperation with China, for which this is a good opportunity to quickly and safely deliver goods to Europe. Unfortunately, this is all just talk for now. It is difficult to say whether they will result in any specific prospects for the Tiksi port. So far, the entire cargo turnover is limited to the needs of the village, which, frankly, are small, and every year the situation is getting worse.

“If earlier coal was processed (boilers were coal-fired), wood, now this is not the case. All these volumes are gone, only small cargoes remain. Whether the port is needed as a transshipment point is not for us to decide. This is the competence of the governments of Yakutia and Russia. So far no one is saying anything. They put us on the list of strategically important objects, and every year we are flooded with sewage. In September, the State Unitary Enterprise "Housing and Communal Services of the RS (Y)" generally turned off cold water. So we are sitting without water and sewerage, ”our interlocutor sums up the conversation.

Despite all the difficulties, Tiksi seaport intends to meet the anniversary navigation of 2014 in 100% readiness. God forbid, not the last ...

Tiksi: Tiksi is an urban-type settlement in Yakutia. Tiksi seaport. Tiksi Bay in the Laptev Sea. Tiksi polar geocosmophysical observatory in the village of Tiksi. Tiksi is a brand of snowmobile from JSC Russian Mechanics. ... ... Wikipedia

Township, district center, Yakutia. It was founded in 1937 as a future seaport in the Hz/ecu bay, the Laptev Sea in connection with the development of the North. sea ​​route; since 1939 working. settlement Tiksi (Yakut, tiksi sucks, pier, meeting place). Geographical names of the world: ... ... Geographic Encyclopedia

An urban-type settlement in the Russian Federation, Yakutia, a seaport in Tiksi Bay, near the mouth of the Lena. 8.8 thousand inhabitants (1993). It arose in connection with the development of the Northern Sea Route. Near Tiksi polar station (since 1932) ... Big Encyclopedic Dictionary

TIKSI, an urban-type settlement in Yakutia, a seaport in Tiksi Bay, near the mouth of the river. Lena. 6.3 thousand inhabitants (1998). It arose in 1932 34 in connection with the development of the Northern Sea Route. There is a polar station near Tiksi (since 1932). Source: Encyclopedia Fatherland ... Russian history

Coordinates: 54°41′ s. sh. 20°10′ E  / 54.683333° N sh. 20.166667° E etc. ... Wikipedia

96.78 sq. km.

▲ 55.5 thousand tons (2011)

67.0 thousand tons

16 berths, 1724 m

OAO "Sea Port of Tiksi" (Tiksinsky branch of FGU "AMP Vanino")

the port is not connected to the railway network

Tiksi- Russian Arctic seaport, located on the coast of the Laptev Sea, Buor-Khaya Bay, Tiksi Bay. The settlement is the village of Tiksi Bulunsky Ulus of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia).

Through Tiksi, food and industrial goods, building materials, fuel and equipment are imported, cargo is transshipped from sea vessels for settlements on the banks of the Khatanga, Olenyok, Yana, Indigirka, Kolyma rivers. Timber and lumber are being exported. Between the port of Tiksi and the village of Ust-Kut, a cargo and passenger line has been organized along the Yana River and along the Lena River to Yakutsk.

Story

Production infrastructure

Currently, the port uses 8 dry cargo berths and 2 auxiliary berths, the rest are decommissioned due to dilapidation. The oil berth consists of 2 flooded lighters in the form of the letter "T".

For storage of goods, 3 covered warehouses with a total area of ​​3.8 thousand m² and 17 open areas with a total area of ​​52.95 thousand square meters are used. m². The capacity of tanks for oil products is 38 thousand tons.

The port is equipped with 9 gantry cranes up to 32 tons, 2 floating cranes, 2 caterpillar cranes up to 25 tons, an overhead container crane for warehouse cargo operations, forklifts, roll trailers, a bulldozer. 2 Terberg tractors, 50 vehicles.

Cargo turnover

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Notes

The administrative center of the Bulunsky ulus of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). It stands on the shore of the bay of the same name. There is also a seaport located in the eastern direction from the mouth of the Lena River, on the shores of the Laptev Sea.

A bit of history

For the first time these places were described in 1739 by the famous Russian polar explorer and explorer Dmitry Laptev. Then the bay he discovered was given the name Gorelaya Guba. In 1878, the steamships Vega and Elena moored here. The members of this expedition A. Nordenskiöld, A. Sibiryakov and Lieutenant Oskar Nordqvist were delighted with the beauty of these places. At the same time, the latter suggested that the bay should be given a different name, since the name Gorelay is unable to convey all the delights of Siberian reality. After they found out from the translator the name of the place given by the natives, the bay began to be called Tiksi.

Tiksi bay

Translated from the Yakut language, "tiksi" means a pier. The total length of the bay reaches 21 km, the width at the entrance is 18 km. The greatest depth is about 12 m. It is freezing, the ice stays from October to July. The port of the same name standing here is the sea gate of Yakutia. This is a major transport hub in the Arctic part of Russia. Here is the North-Eastern Directorate of the Marine Fleet of the Russian Federation, which is responsible for transport communications in the Laptev Sea, the East Siberian Sea and the Chukchi Sea, as well as for navigation along the Lena, Khatanga, Olenok, Indigirka, Kolyma rivers.

The emergence and development of the port

The port was established in 1933. During this period, the USSR began the active development of the Northern Sea Route. The first winterers, as well as the builders of the port and the village, landed on the shore of the bay in August 1932.

Famous people of Russia lived here at different times, as well as explorers of Siberia A. Papanin, A. Marinesko, A. Chilingarov.

During the Great Patriotic War, important transport cargo was transferred through Tiksi to Arkhangelsk, Murmansk and Vladivostok.

present tense

At present, the port of Tiksi is considered quite modern and highly mechanized by the standards of the Arctic coast of Russia. Navigation here is short, no more than 3 months. But in Tiksi, polar explorers live and work all year round. The village itself consists of 2- and 5-storey houses. All are built on piles. There is no private sector.

In fact, Tiksi is two separate cities. Tiksi-1 is an urban-type settlement inhabited by civilians. Tiksi-3 is a military town. Both parts are connected by a six-kilometer track. There is an airport near the military settlement, which is operated by civil and military aircraft. There is also a helicopter stand here. Usually a plane flies to Yakutsk from the airport twice a week. There are flights to Moscow and St. Petersburg. They fly to these cities several times a month.

Settlement

The population of Tiksi is about 6-7 thousand people. In addition to various regional institutions, the Tiksa Department of Hydrometeorology and Environmental Control, a geophysical observatory, and a construction and installation department operate here.

In winter, the usual temperature is 25-30 degrees with a minus sign. But it often happens that it falls much lower. In the period from late autumn to mid-spring, hurricane-force winds capture Tiksi, heavy snowstorms and snowstorms are very frequent. The sun appears over the village only from mid-February.

The settlement owes its origin to the seaport of Tiksi. The port itself is located in the central sector of the Arctic coast of Russia, on the coast of the Laptev Sea. In the immediate vicinity of the delta of the Lena River. In the bay of Tiksi. This port is considered one of the northernmost ports of the Russian Federation and was built in the most inaccessible section of the Northern Sea Route.

Port life

The port operates only in summer. Navigation lasts about 90 days. Here, cargo is transshipped from sea vessels for Tiksi and settlements, which are located inland on Olenok, Yana, Indigirka, Kolyma. The port transships mainly industrial and food cargoes, various equipment, exports timber and timber products. There is no railway connection with the port of Tiksi.

In addition to communication with the republican center, Moscow and St. Petersburg, local air flights are carried out.

In summer, during the navigation period, between the village of Ust-Kut, located on the Yana River, and the village of Tiksi, there is a passenger-and-freight service. At this time, motor ships run along the Lena River to Yakutsk.

The port operates around the clock. Its main operator is Tiksi Sea Port OJSC, which, among other things, independently carries out the extraction and transportation of sand, and also organizes the transportation of passengers.

It is impossible to refuel ships in it, there is no necessary infrastructure. Vessels are provided with fresh water only.

Replenishment of food supplies is possible only in local retail chains and in cash. Given the shortage of goods, its release is carried out in limited quantities. Medical care is provided in Tiksi. The port has its own ship repair base. It has a port and a diving station, but it conducts work only with special permission from the port authorities.

Port of Tiksi, production capacities of the port, water area, depth

The port has 16 berths, their total length is 1724 m. The depth at the berths ranges from 2.5 to 6.8 m.

It has at its disposal 9 gantry cranes, 6 floating and 4 crawler. It has an overhead container crane and several truck cranes. Tiksi Sea Port OJSC also owns thirty auto-loaders, trailers, bulldozers, tractors and about 50 different vehicles.

The port water area occupies 0.29 hectares. To ensure the reception of ships, there are two berthing terminals. Their total length is 315 m. The throughput is 67,000 tons per year. The navigation period is officially announced from 15.07 to 30.09. The port is provided with warehouses, of which 52,009 square meters are open and 3,000 square meters are closed. There are tanks with a capacity of 38,000 tons.

The main specialization of the port is the processing and transshipment of food cargo, general, sea-type containers weighing up to 20 tons, transshipment of coal, timber, timber and oil products.

The port of Tiksi can handle ships both at the quay walls and in the roadsteads. For these purposes, special watercraft and ship handling devices are used.

Uncertainties in the outlook

It should be noted that in the 20th century the port of Tiksi developed quite rapidly. The settlement adjacent to it received the status of an urban-type settlement. By the end of the century, the population of Tiksi began to decline. At present, it has become almost two times less compared to what it was at the peak of development.

The decrease in the role of the port was due to technological progress. After they began to provide nuclear icebreakers, the need for intermediate stops on the way of the movement of caravans of ships disappeared. Therefore, ships stopped entering the Yakut port of Tiksi.

How to get there

In order to get to Tiksi, you need to get a special pass to visit this region. It is issued by the border service of the FSB of the Russian Federation. It is forbidden to be there without this document.

They usually get here in three ways: by plane, by boat, by winter road. But it is worth noting that all these methods are not entirely reliable. So, in spring and winter, regular air traffic can be suspended indefinitely due to constant snowstorms and strong winds. The ship can deliver people to this area only in the summer, during the navigation period, which is relatively short. Moreover, ships are usually always loaded, it is very difficult to get tickets. Access by winter road should be carried out only as part of convoys of four-wheel drive vehicles.

Those who have reached Tiksi should definitely try the local fish, very tasty and still found in abundance at the mouth of the Lena River. Local fish gifts, namely nelma, muksun, broad whitefish, vendace are known for their taste not only in Bulunsky ulus and Yakutsk, but also in Moscow. And a self-made photo of the port of Tiksi brought from these northern and harsh places will provide memories for a long time.

We reached the village of Tiksi, the extreme point of our journey. On this day, there was no point in rushing to get up - the arrival of the ship to the parking lot in Neyolova Bay only at 10-30, and we will go ashore even after lunch. Tiksi is located on the coast of the Laptev Sea, but the ship is moored not in Tiksi Bay, but in the parking lot in the Neyolova Bay, protected from the harsh Laptev Sea by the Bykovsky Peninsula. Neyolova Bay is separated from Tiksi Bay by a narrow isthmus, with a minimum width of only about two kilometers, and tourists are taken from the ship to Tiksi by bus.

We are approaching the parking lot in Neyolova:

The ship moored to the old lighter:

There is no trace of yesterday's clouds, the sun is shining brighter, foreshadowing a wonderful day. Not far from our parking lot is Tiksi Airport, designed for both civil and military aviation. An ever-increasing noise is heard to the ear - a plane from Moscow is coming in for landing: TU-154, like a giant bird, comes in very beautifully to land over the bay.

At the pier, our ship is met by border guards. Tiksi, like many border regions, as well as the northern regions of our country, is a border zone, and border passes are required there. Tourists traveling to the border zone "savage" issue them on their own in the relevant authorities, and in the case of an organized tour (for example, a cruise on a ship), they are issued by a travel agency, in this case Alrosa. In Tiksi, the border guards boarded the ship, checked the presence of passes for each tourist at the cruise directorate, and boarding and returning to the ship was carried out strictly according to the passport.

Border guards at the gangway of the ship:

After lunch, after going through passport control, we went ashore. The old lighter has long served its purpose - he has seen a lot in his lifetime and is now completing his life as a pier.

Many years ago, a real captain stood on this captain's bridge...

"Mikhail Svetlov" at the parking lot in Neyolova Bay:

Fields of trees on the shore. There is tundra here and there is practically no forest vegetation - these trees were brought along the Bykovskaya channel to the Lena Bay.

And here is the sightseeing bus ... The cross-country road was very fun - the fervent laughter of the passengers sitting on top of each other was heard in the cabin from everywhere, and for foreigners such rides turned out to be one of the most dizzying rides of the trip!

We make a stop at the sign "Tiksi".

From here you have a beautiful panorama of the village.

Tiksi means "pier" in Yakut. Tiksi is the sea gate of Yakutia, a major transport hub of the Russian Federation. The port of Tiksi was founded in the 30s of the 20th century, when Soviet ships began regular navigation along the Northern Sea Route. In August 1932, the Lena steamer landed the first detachment of winter builders on an uninhabited shore. During the Great Patriotic War, transports to Arkhangelsk, Murmansk and Vladivostok were already going through Tiksi. In the post-war years, the role of the Northern Sea Route increased even more: life was in full swing all the way from Murmansk to Chukotka - dozens of powerful ships worked, from 1959 to 1992, 8 nuclear icebreakers were built for the Northern Sea Route (and another nuclear lighter carrier). Throughout the entire length from the Kola Peninsula to the Bering Strait, dozens of meteorological stations worked year-round, and ice reconnaissance was in operation. Transports escorted by icebreakers brought 7 million tons of cargo to the European part of the country annually, and vice versa - almost our entire Arctic north was provided with everything necessary through the Northern Sea Route. Since 1967, Tiksi has become the home base of the North-Eastern Directorate of the Marine Fleet, which connected the Laptev Sea, the East Siberian and Chukchi Seas, the mouths of the navigable rivers Lena, Khatanga, Olenyok, Yana, Indigirka, Kolyma with transport networks. Tiksi has become one of the largest, modern and highly mechanized ports in the Arctic.

Unfortunately, all this is a thing of the past - in the early 90s, the volume of traffic along the Northern Sea Route decreased by 5-6 times, many Arctic ports fell into decay. At present, there has been some increase in cargo traffic, but this mainly concerns the "western shoulder" of the Northern Sea Route from Murmansk through the Barents and Kara Seas to Dudinka (Norilsk). The eastern part of the route - the most northern, severe, almost at the 80th latitude, bending around Taimyr, leading further to the mouths of the Lena, Indigirka, Kolyma, and further past Chukotka to the Bering Strait, is still used very little.

First of all, we visited the Polar Museum

The village of Tiksi is the administrative and cultural center of the Bulunsky ulus of Yakutia. The settlement consists of two- and five-storey houses on stilts; in fact, Tiksi is two separate towns: Tiksi-1 is a civilian settlement, Tiksi-3 is a military one. Not far from the military camp there is an airport used jointly by civil and military aircraft and helicopters.

One of the main streets

Car for our roads!

On a hill overlooking the village - military antennas:

Glorious history pages:

Nobody is forgotten and nothing is forgotten...

Snow protection structures:

We are heading to the port... Unfortunately, this once one of the main Arctic ports of our country is now going through hard times...

And a few kilometers from the coast is Brusnev Island, where a ship cemetery has been located for many years. Preparing for the trip, we were working on the idea of ​​making a forced march to this island, but unfortunately, time in Tiksi is limited - there is no time to do everything ...

We looked at the village and the surroundings of the port, took pictures of the hills surrounding Tiksi, but the less time remained before the departure of our PAZik to the ship, the more we wanted to fulfill one more desire - to go down to the very sea, to the very water, to bow to the harsh Arctic Ocean. It turned out to be not easy to do this - there was a huge and unusually cluttered territory of the port around, then some warehouses, then - an oil depot located on the very cliff. Finally, I noticed a small cozy bay located a couple of kilometers from the village, where I could have time to run.

And then everything happened somehow by itself - being at 72 latitude on the shores of the Arctic Ocean, we did not have a disagreement for a second about what to do next. What to do!? Of course, DIVE!!!

And it doesn’t matter at all that the water is only five degrees ...

Goodbye, distant polar sea, goodbye, Arctic Ocean - we will definitely, ALWAYS come back to you!

At 18:00 Svetlov departed from the pier and headed north, crossing Neyolova Bay and heading for Cape Bykov. But for a long time the panorama of the village of Tiksi remains visible from the stern... Crossing the Neyolova Bay...

After yesterday's cloudy day, the weather again indulges travelers. I would never have believed that I would sunbathe and eat ice cream on the bow of a ship sailing at latitude 72 along the Laptev Sea! On this flight, we were very lucky with the weather - the sun and warmth accompanied us all the remaining days until Yakutsk itself!

Laptev Sea... Heat!!!