Mark Aldanov - Saint Helena, small island. Analysis of the work

This book is the epilogue to my Thinker series. However, “Saint Helen” was written earlier than “The Ninth of Thermidor”, “Devil’s Bridge” and “Conspiracy”. It appeared five years ago on the pages of the magazine “Modern Notes”, and then came out as a separate book (published by “Neva”) with illustrations by the artist Pinegin.

With the publication (hopefully next year) of the novel “Conspiracy”, the “Thinker” series (I “The Ninth of Thermidor”; II “Devil’s Bridge”; III “Conspiracy”; IV “Saint Helena, small island") will be completed. I know, of course, that the incorrect order of appearance of my historical novels is associated with significant inconveniences, and in particular makes it difficult to understand what it would be too bold of me to call the symbolism of the series. I apologize again to the readers.

One day in early childhood, Susie Johnson heard from her mother that pudding would no longer be served ahead of dinner. Susie began to cry with grief.

“My little darling,” her mother told her tenderly and instructively. - Betsy Brown and the other girls won't get any pudding either. We must endure and save. It’s all the fault of the evil Bonn, who arranged the continental system for the dear old country.

Susie, through tears, inquired what kind of continental system this was. But Mrs. Johnson herself did not understand this very well. It seemed to the girl that the continental system was something like a long, nasty snake.

In the evening, going to bed, Susie, at the direction of her mother, prayed to the Lord to save dear country from the evil Bonn, who took away from her, and from Betsy Brown, and from other English girls, a delicious pudding - with raisins, plums and a sweet brown crust - it’s true, in order to eat it all yourself.

Miss Susie feared and hated the evil Boney more than anything in the world. Whenever she behaved badly, her mother and Miss Mary said that they would give her to Bonnie, and they made scary eyes. The first time Susie heard the name Boni was one morning at breakfast and asked in horror who Boni was.

He himself is Satan! - her teacher exclaimed, unable to resist.

Oh Miss Mary! - Mrs. Johnson, who did not like indecent words, said reproachfully.

But daddy, Lieutenant Colonel Johnson, looking up from the latest issue of the Morning Post and slamming his fist on the table, declared that Miss Mary was absolutely right: Boney really is the damned Satan himself. At the same time, Lieutenant Colonel Johnson rolled his eyes and in the words “d-damned d-devil” somehow stretched out the letter “d” in a particularly scary way.

It was only when Miss Susie was already a big girl, shortly before her eighth year, that she was told that Bonn was not just Bonn, that it was a nickname, like her cousin Edward Brown's name was Eddie. She learned that the evil Bonn has another, long and difficult name: Napoleon Bonaparte, and that he is Kinggeorge (just a king, the mother corrected, smiling) among the French who live overseas, eat frogs (shame!) want destroy the dear old country and fight like real Huns, dishonestly, committing all sorts of atrocities.

Soon after it daddy, Lieutenant Colonel Johnson, was killed by the evil Bonn in the war. And even later, towards lunch, sweets began to appear again. Reading the newspapers, the big ones animatedly said that things were going badly for the evil Boni: the Russians were beating him. Susie immediately inquired about the Russians and learned, with some fear, but also with satisfaction, that they were a good people who lived in the snow with bears, ate tallow candles, but loved the dear old country and did not like the damned French: the Russian King Alexander, a distant relative Kinggeorge, and one Russian count with a surname that is impossible to pronounce or remember, even set fire to their capital, Moscow, in order to burn Boni, who had climbed there, and to please Kinggeorge. Susie liked this very much.

Almost every day, throughout her childhood, Miss Susie had to hear about various atrocities of Boni. Finally, one summer morning, their young cousin, Lieutenant Edward Brown, ran into their house, all beaming and decorated with shiny orders. In conversation, joyful and fast, he often uttered the word Waterloo - and in a few minutes it became known to the whole house that the Duke of Wellington and cousin Eddie had defeated the evil Bonnie, had avenged daddy and that henceforth the dear old country has nothing more to fear. In addition to Eddie, the Germans took part in the victory over Boni - a very good people who fight honestly and do not commit any atrocities. But the Germans only helped a little, and the main thing was done by dear old fellows, dear old Duke of Wellington and especially dear old cousin Eddie.

Then fate took a strange turn for Susie and her entire family. An ugly, unpleasant military man, with a drawn-out upper lip and a sharp chin, Sir Hudson Lowe, began to visit their house. He somehow treated Mrs. Johnson with particular respect and spent a long time alone with her in the evenings. In the winter of that year, when Cousin Eddie returned, Mrs. Johnson, blushing slightly, told Susie and her little sister that they would have a new daddy, for she is to marry Sir Hudson. Miss Mary, under the strictest confidence, informed the girls that Sir Goodson was of humble birth: he was as far from them as they were from the Duke of Norfolk, the first peer of England. But this does not matter, for Sir Hudson is very good man and a famous general. At the same time it turned out that they were all moving very far away, to some island of St. Helena, where their new daddy appointed governor, and that the evil Boni is already on this island, whom they will guard - and will not allow him to escape and kill the English. Then they all traveled for a long time - two and a half months - along big sea on a ship with masts and cannons, they were rocking terribly, everyone, but not her - she alone was not the least bit sick - and finally arrived on the island of St. Helena, in big house Plantation House. Susie really liked the beautiful house, the wonderful garden with unprecedented mimosas. Having run around the apartment, the first thing she asked was what basement Boni was locked in and whether it was possible to at least see him from afar, if it wasn’t very dangerous. But it turned out, to her great reassurance, that Boni was not in the house at all, that he lived in another place, at the Longwood Villa, very far from Plantation House, and that they, except daddy, they will not see him, neither close nor from afar.

On the island of St. Helena, Susie, unnoticed by everyone except herself, turned from a small child into a charming girl. They said she was beautiful. She was sixteen years old and was already sometimes called Miss Susanna, when the representative of the Russian Emperor on the island of St. Helena, Count Alexandre de Balmain, fell in love with her and proposed to her.

Susie saw her future husband for the first time at a dinner given by the governor in honor of the foreign commissioners. She immediately noticed that Count de Balmain was a handsome man, much more handsome than the Austrian commissioner, Baron Stürmer, and the French, Marquis de Montchenu. When the blacks brought the candelabra into the hall, Miss Suzanna prepared with curiosity and disgust for the Russian to take out the candle and eat it. But the Russian did not do this. It even seemed to Miss Susanna that the Comte de Balmain was a perfect gentleman.

At dinner they spoke either French or English. The Russian spoke English very well - with an Oxford accent, like Cousin Eddie. True, Miss Susanna immediately noticed that his Oxford pronunciation was not quite the same as Cousin Eddie’s, and that tee-h The Russian has something strange. But for some reason she liked this too. The Comte de Balmain spoke absolutely amazing French; Miss Susi herself had difficulty expressing herself in this language. It even seemed to her that he spoke French much better than the Marquis de Montchenu. The Marquis, however, had a different opinion and listened with some irony to the burr of his Russian colleague. The conversation was, as almost always, about General Bonaparte and the troubles that he continued to cause to the whole world, and in particular to Sir Hudson Lowe and the foreign commissioners. Monchenu, an old emigrant, who in his time was considered an extreme reactionary even in Koblenz, related several incidents from the time of the Corsican's youth. It turned out that Bonaparte once strangled a woman of easy virtue with his own hands. The Marquis described this incident with extremely precise indication of the place, circumstances, names and all the details of the murder.

Written by M.A. Aldanov in 1921, the story “Saint Helena, Little Island” is included in the tetralogy “The Thinker”, which also includes the novels “The Ninth of Thermidor”, “Devil’s Bridge” and “Conspiracy”. Despite the fact that the story became the final part of the tetralogy in compositional terms, it was written earlier than the novels. First, the work was published on the pages of the magazine “Modern Notes”, and then as a separate book in the publishing house “Neva”.

At the very beginning of the story MA. Aldanov turns to the image English girls from a simple family who learns that they will no longer receive their favorite pudding for dinner. The evil Boni is to blame for this, because of whose actions the family is forced to “suffer and save.” The continental system that Napoleon imposed on England appears to the child as a long, ugly snake. So, on one side of the scale falls the image of the evil Bonnie, and on the other - a delicious pudding, a symbol of a good life. In the girl’s dreams, the pudding seems to materialize, overgrown with expressive appetizing details: raisins, plums, sweet brown crust. Thus, M.A. Aldanov in the story appears not only as a scrupulous historian, but also as a subtle psychologist. Here, for example, is how he describes the king of boxers, Jackson: “Jackson raised his head and flashed fragments of huge teeth and the whites of small eyes at Alexander Antonovich,” “Byron’s laughter was echoed by the growl of a rhinoceros, revealing monstrous size, whole and broken teeth.”

Napoleon scares young children; he is portrayed as Satan. The Duke of Wellington's victory over Bonaparte at Waterloo is also depicted through the eyes ordinary people Johnson family. The family's fate changes abruptly, and they move to the island of St. Helena, where the defeated Napoleon was exiled.

Against the background of the development of the main theme - the story about the fate of Napoleon - M.A. Aldanov touches on other, no less interesting ones. For example, the topic of perception of Russians in Europe is covered in detail. Little Susie hears a story about how these are good people who live in the snow with bears and eat tallow candles. When a girl sees her future husband, Comte de Balmain, at a dinner with the governor, she waits with curiosity to see when he will eat a tallow candle. But it turned out that he was a “perfect gentleman.” This is what M.A. conveys with subtle irony. Aldanov's ridiculous European ideas about the savagery of the Russians. Naturally, the author uses the grotesque technique here. However, as told in the story fantastic story about the life of Russians is not so far from the actual stories about bears walking the streets in Russia.

Drawing the image of the Comte de Balmain, a well-educated man and a subtle diplomat, M.A. Aldanov successfully debunks the myth about the savagery and down-to-earthness of Russian people. Count Alexander is not only fluent foreign languages, but also knows how to please both the British and the French in a conversation about Waterloo. Noticing that the Marquis de Montchenu frowned, he immediately mentions the bravery shown by the French troops on the day of Waterloo. Through the eyes of the count, the story shows Byron, who seems to everyone to be proud, and the subtle gaze of Count Alexander catches the usual shyness in the behavior of the famous writer.

The author of the story is also a keen expert on the peculiarities national characters of people. He imparts this knowledge to de Balmain. The Count notices in detail the subtleties of an English suit, not losing sight of every little detail: he carefully selects the right tie and even a pin to match the suit. Describing de Balmain, M.A. Aldanov is internally proud of his compatriot - an intelligent and educated man, a real aristocrat. De Balmain is not a careerist, although with his intelligence and success with women, it was not difficult to make a career during the reign of Alexander I. In the spirit of Byron's romantic skepticism, fashionable at that time, Alexander Antonovich was accustomed to emphasizing “extreme weariness from life.” The fate of de Balmain is in many ways similar to the paths of spiritual quest of his contemporaries - the heroes of the novel by L.H. Tolstoy "War and Peace" by Andrei Bolkonsky and Pierre

Bezukhov (thirst for exploits and military glory, disappointment, passion for Freemasonry).

De Balmain is a thinker in spirit. It is noteworthy that he collects meetings with famous people. Agreeing to the post of commissar of the Russian emperor on the island of St. Helena, Alexander Antonovich was looking forward to witty conversations and even friendship with Napoleon himself. When, during a walk with his young wife, de Balmain finally saw Napoleon throwing pebbles into the water, his thoughts were similar to what Prince Andrei was thinking about while lying on the field of Austerlitz: “This man throwing pebbles into the water was the ruler of the world... All empty, everything is a lie, everything is a deception...”

The subtle delights of a diplomatic career (meeting monarchs, hunting jaguars) are ironically rethought through the eyes of Tishka, the count’s servant, for whom “living on a damned island is no good”: there are no women, nowhere to get vodka, and speaking English is no conversation.

From the letters of de Balmain's comrades, pictures of Russian history emerge, which Alexander Antonovich looks at from the position of a European, constantly comparing the image of Russia, which draws his patriotic feeling, with the attitude towards it in Western Europe. The story also describes the reading circle of an educated person of that era.

Despite the deep disclosure of the image of de Balmain, the central figure in the story is still Napoleon. M.A. Aldanov pays tribute to the talented commander, a man with enormous vital energy and a phenomenal memory. On the island, this unspent energy is consumed by boredom. Greedy interest in people gives way to disgust. However, Napoleon, strong in spirit, tries to fight his fate of vegetation: he communicates with the fourteen-year-old girl Betsy Balcombe and finds joy in this friendship, rides around dangerous road on horseback.

The symbol of the liver disease that torments Napoleon in the story is the razor: “The emperor was positively cheerful: he stopped feeling the pain in his side, and it seemed to him, as sometimes happened to him, that the razor had disappeared and that death was perhaps far away "

Napoleon's speech is aphoristic (“Success is the greatest orator in the world”, “...You must always reserve the right to laugh tomorrow at what you affirm today”, “...Heart statesman- in his head. He must be as cold as ice."

Napoleon's sayings clearly show that he studied the human race well and, if he made mistakes when assessing the people around him, they were caused not by random miscalculations, but by a deliberate desire to make them. So, for example, Napoleon did not make Madame Steel his mistress, because he did not like her as a woman, and did not appoint Chateaubriand as a minister, because he believed that he would not cope with this position. The foresight of the French emperor and his intellectual potential many times exceed the results of his historical activities. “...He knew life better than any philosopher,” writes M.A. Aldanov. It is noteworthy that the practicality of a person who lives primarily with his mind, and not with his heart, is combined in the image of Napoleon with a certain amount of romanticism: “The Emperor looked at the sky and looked for his star... There was nothing more to look for on earth.” Seeing a comet in the sky, Bonaparte remembers that before the death of Julius Caesar there was also a comet in the sky. IN real life Napoleon had many different coincidences and mysterious coincidences of circumstances: for example, Napoleon kept the map of the island of St. Helena, made by the naturalist Bory de Saint-Vincent during a scientific expedition in 1801, all his life. Among the few things he took with him to the island.

Mark Aldanov

SAINT HELENA, LITTLE ISLAND

Preface to the second edition

With the publication (hopefully next year) of the novel “The Conspiracy,” the “Thinker” series (I “The Ninth of Thermidor”; II “Devil’s Bridge”; III “The Conspiracy”; IV “Saint Helena, the Little Island”) will be completed. I know, of course, that the incorrect order of appearance of my historical novels is associated with significant inconveniences, and in particular makes it difficult to understand what it would be too bold of me to call the symbolism of the series. I apologize again to the readers.

One day in early childhood, Susie Johnson heard from her mother that pudding would no longer be served ahead of dinner. Susie began to cry with grief.

In the evening, going to bed, Susie, at the direction of her mother, prayed to the Lord to save his dear country from the evil Bonn, who had taken away from her, and from Betsy Brown, and from other English girls, a delicious pudding - with raisins, plums and a sweet brown crust - That's right, in order to eat everything yourself.

He himself is Satan! - her teacher exclaimed, unable to resist.

Oh Miss Mary! - Mrs. Johnson, who did not like indecent words, said reproachfully.

Then fate took a strange turn for Susie and her entire family. An ugly, unpleasant military man, with a drawn-out upper lip and a sharp chin, Sir Hudson Lowe, began to visit their house. He somehow treated Mrs. Johnson with particular respect and spent a long time alone with her in the evenings. In the winter of that year, when Cousin Eddie returned, Mrs. Johnson, blushing slightly, told Susie and her little sister that they would have a new daddy, for she is to marry Sir Hudson. Miss Mary, under the strictest confidence, informed the girls that Sir Goodson was of humble birth: he was as far from them as they were from the Duke of Norfolk, the first peer of England. But this does not matter, for Sir Hudson is a very good man and a famous general. At the same time it turned out that they were all moving very far away, to some island of St. Helena, where their new daddy appointed governor, and that the evil Boni is already on this island, whom they will guard - and will not allow him to escape and kill the English. Then they all rode for a long time - two and a half months - on a large sea on a ship with masts and cannons, they were terribly rocked, all of them, but not her - she alone was not the least bit sick - and finally arrived on the island of St. Helena, to the large Plantation House. Susie really liked the beautiful house, the wonderful garden with unprecedented mimosas. Having run around the apartment, the first thing she asked was what basement Boni was locked in and whether it was possible to at least see him from afar, if it wasn’t very dangerous. But it turned out, to her great reassurance, that Boni was not in the house at all, that he lived in another place, at the Longwood Villa, very far from Plantation House, and that they, except daddy, they will not see him, neither close nor from afar.

Quel scélérat, Seigneur, quel scélérat! - Monchenu exclaimed in conclusion.

One day in early childhood, Susie Johnson heard from her mother that pudding would no longer be served ahead of dinner. Susie began to cry with grief.

In the evening, going to bed, Susie, at the direction of her mother, prayed to the Lord that He would save the dear country from the evil Bonn, who had taken away from her, and from Betsy Brown, and from other English girls, a delicious pudding - with raisins, plums and a sweet brown crust - That's right, in order to eat everything yourself.

He himself is Satan! - her teacher exclaimed, unable to resist.

Oh Miss Mary! - Mrs. Johnson, who did not like indecent words, said reproachfully.

Then fate took a strange turn for Susie and her entire family. An ugly, unpleasant military man, with a drawn-out upper lip and a sharp chin, Sir Hudson Lowe, began to visit their house. He somehow treated Mrs. Johnson with particular respect and spent a long time alone with her in the evenings. In the winter of that year, when Cousin Eddie returned, Mrs. Johnson, blushing slightly, told Susie and her little sister that they would have a new daddy, for she is to marry Sir Hudson. Miss Mary, under the strictest confidence, informed the girls that Sir Goodson was of humble birth: he was as far from them as they were from the Duke of Norfolk, the first peer of England. But this does not matter, for Sir Hudson is a very good man and a famous general. At the same time it turned out that they were all moving very far away, to some island of St. Helena, where their new daddy appointed governor, and that the evil Boni is already on this island, whom they will guard - and will not allow him to escape and kill the English. Then they all rode for a long time - two and a half months - on a large sea on a ship with masts and cannons, they were terribly rocked, all of them, but not her - she alone was not the least bit sick - and finally arrived on the island of St. Helena, to the large Plantation House. Susie really liked the beautiful house, the wonderful garden with unprecedented mimosas. Having run around the apartment, the first thing she asked was what basement Boni was locked in and whether it was possible to at least see him from afar, if it wasn’t very dangerous. But it turned out, to her great reassurance, that Boni was not in the house at all, that he lived in another place, at the Longwood Villa, very far from Plantation House, and that they, except daddy, they will not see him, neither close nor from afar.

"Saint Helena, Little Island"

At the very beginning of the story, M.A. Aldanov turns to the image of an English girl from a simple family who learns that she will no longer receive her favorite pudding for dinner. The evil Boni is to blame for this, because of whose actions the family is forced to “suffer and save.” The continental system that Napoleon imposed on England appears to the child as a long, ugly snake. So, on one side of the scale falls the image of the evil Bonnie, and on the other - a delicious pudding, a symbol of a good life. In the girl’s dreams, the pudding seems to materialize, overgrown with expressive appetizing details: raisins, plums, sweet brown crust. Thus, M.A. Aldanov in the story appears not only as a scrupulous historian, but also as a subtle psychologist. Here, for example, is how he describes the king of boxers, Jackson: “Jackson raised his head and flashed fragments of huge teeth and the whites of small eyes at Alexander Antonovich,” “Byron’s laughter was echoed by the growl of a rhinoceros, revealing monstrous size, whole and broken teeth.”

Napoleon scares young children; he is portrayed as Satan. The Duke of Wellington's victory over Bonaparte at Waterloo is also depicted through the eyes of the ordinary people of the Johnson family. The family's fate changes abruptly, and they move to the island of St. Helena, where the defeated Napoleon was exiled.

Against the background of the development of the main theme - the story about the fate of Napoleon - M.A. Aldanov touches on other, no less interesting ones. For example, the topic of perception of Russians in Europe is covered in detail. Little Susie hears a story about how these are good people who live in the snow with bears and eat tallow candles. When a girl sees her future husband, Comte de Balmain, at a dinner with the governor, she waits with curiosity to see when he will eat a tallow candle. But it turned out that he was a “perfect gentleman.” This is what M.A. conveys with subtle irony. Aldanov's ridiculous European ideas about the savagery of the Russians. Naturally, the author uses the grotesque technique here. However, the fantastic story about the life of Russians told in the story is not so far from the stories that existed in reality about bears walking the streets in Russia.

Drawing the image of the Comte de Balmain, a well-educated man and a subtle diplomat, M.A. Aldanov successfully debunks the myth of the savagery and mundaneness of Russian people. Count Alexander not only speaks foreign languages fluently, but also knows how to please both the British and the French when talking about Waterloo. Noticing that the Marquis de Montchenu frowned, he immediately mentions the bravery shown by the French troops on the day of Waterloo. Through the eyes of the count, the story shows Byron, who seems to everyone to be proud, and the subtle gaze of Count Alexander catches the usual shyness in the behavior of the famous writer.

The author of the story is also a keen expert on the peculiarities of people's national characters. He imparts this knowledge to de Balmain. The Count notices in detail the subtleties of an English suit, not losing sight of every little detail: he carefully selects the right tie and even a pin to match the suit. Describing de Balmain, M.A. Aldanov is internally proud of his compatriot - an intelligent and educated man, a real aristocrat. De Balmain is not a careerist, although with his intelligence and success with women, it was not difficult to make a career during the reign of Alexander 1. In the spirit of Byron's romantic skepticism, fashionable at that time, Alexander Antonovich was accustomed to emphasizing “extreme weariness from life.” The fate of de Balmain is in many ways similar to the paths of spiritual quest of his contemporaries - the heroes of the novel by L.N. Tolstoy's "War and Peace" by Andrei Bolkonsky and Pierre Bezukhov (thirst for exploits and military glory, disappointment, passion for Freemasonry).

De Balmain is a thinker in spirit. It is noteworthy that he collects meetings with famous people. Agreeing to the post of commissar of the Russian emperor on the island of St. Helena, Alexander Antonovich was looking forward to witty conversations and even friendship with Napoleon himself. When, during a walk with his young wife, de Balmain finally saw Napoleon throwing pebbles into the water, his thoughts were similar to what Prince Andrei was thinking about while lying on the field of Austerlitz: “This man throwing pebbles into the water was the ruler of the world... Everything is empty, everything is a lie, everything is deception...”

The subtle delights of a diplomatic career (meeting monarchs, hunting jaguars) are ironically rethought through the eyes of Tishka, the count’s servant, for whom “there is no living on damn island": there are no women, there is nowhere to get vodka, and in English there is no conversation.

From the letters of de Balmain's comrades, pictures of Russian history emerge, which Alexander Antonovich looks at from the position of a European, constantly comparing the image of Russia, which his patriotic feeling paints, with the attitude towards it in Western Europe. The story also describes the reading circle of an educated person of that era.

Despite the deep disclosure of the image of de Balmain, the central figure in the story is still Napoleon. M.A. Aldanov pays tribute to the talented commander, a man with enormous vital energy and a phenomenal memory. On the island, this unspent energy is consumed by boredom. Greedy interest in people gives way to disgust. However, Napoleon, strong in spirit, tries to fight his fate of vegetation: he communicates with a fourteen-year-old girl, Betsy Balcombe, and finds joy in this friendship, riding along a dangerous road on horseback.

Napoleon's speech is aphoristic (“Success is the greatest orator in the world”, “...You must always reserve the right to laugh tomorrow at what you affirm today”, “...The heart of a statesman is in his head. He must be cold, like ice").

Napoleon's sayings clearly show that he studied the human race well and, if he made mistakes when assessing the people around him, they were caused not by random miscalculations, but by a deliberate desire to make them. So, for example, Napoleon did not make Madame Steel his mistress, because he did not like her as a woman, and did not appoint Chateaubriand as a minister, because he believed that he would not cope with this position. The foresight of the French emperor and his intellectual potential many times exceed the results of his historical activities. “...He knew life better than any philosopher,” writes M.A. Aldanov. It is noteworthy that the practicality of a person who lives primarily with his mind, and not with his heart, is combined in the image of Napoleon with a certain amount of romanticism: “The Emperor looked at the sky and looked for his star... There was nothing more to look for on earth.” Seeing a comet in the sky, Bonaparte remembers that before the death of Julius Caesar there was also a comet in the sky. In Napoleon's real life there were many different coincidences and mysterious coincidences: for example, Napoleon kept the map of the island of St. Helena, made by naturalist Borys de Saint-Vincent during a scientific expedition in 1801, all his life. Among the few things he took with him to the island.

Before the end, Napoleon tries to behave as great people should behave in the face of death: he makes additions to the will, shows his last concern for his little son (he asks to have his stomach opened after death, so that research into a hereditary disease could one day help his son). Bonaparte remembers his whole life: Toulon, where he first felt the joy of victory, the day of coronation and the bitterness of defeat. Trying to be useful to his native France, before his death Napoleon dictates a plan to protect the country from an imaginary invasion. The deceased emperor is buried with high honors. Despite the shameful conclusion recent years life, he will forever remain in history as a great man.,