Atlantis. Theories of the location and death of Atlantis Atlantis is a mythical retelling of the Black Sea Flood

1. DEATH OF A NATION Who controls the past controls the future: who controls the present controls the past. George Orwell,

Based on the records of Plato (427 - 347 BC), who in turn collected information from the Greek folk epic, originating from the records and stories of Solon. Solon, in turn, heard this story from the Egyptian priests, who passed on the tradition from generation to generation during the entire period of the reign of the pharaohs. Plato describes Atlantis as a huge empire, which included several independent states. The main stronghold of the Atlanteans was a huge island in the Atlantic Ocean - Atlantis. There were many rich cities on this island with a huge population even by our standards. From the descriptions of Plato, we can conclude that the empire also had smaller islands located near the African and European continents. Describing the last of these islands, he conveys many interesting details. For example, the interior decoration of the vault of the temple was finished with ivory. Were there elephants on this huge island? But Plato also claims that the Atlanteans at that time ruled not only on their island, but also in Africa and Europe. Modern researchers, using more advanced knowledge in the field of geography compared to the time of Plato, concluded that the American Indians are also descendants of the legendary Atlanteans. A one-sided approach will not help us recreate the real historical picture of that time. Therefore, we will consider all the information available to modern scientists from the standpoint of both modern knowledge and from the standpoint of the level of knowledge of Plato's time. To do this, we need knowledge in the field of geography, religious studies, economics, logic, sociology, and psychology. I will start with a statement that will be confirmed in the next part of the study.

European civilization discovered the existence of America only 500 years ago. Since we are direct recipients of the knowledge of ancient Greek culture, it can be argued that Plato did not know about the existence of America. Whatever the local geographical knowledge of the ancient Greeks and Egyptians, they could not have global geographical maps. To create a map, you need a scale grid using distances expressed not in days spent on the road, but using a measure of length.

The concepts of "island" and "mainland" are clearly formulated only in modern dictionaries, and for the ancients it was either land surrounded on all sides by water, or simply land, depending on geographical experience. And since knowledge of the existence of continents in our understanding did not exist, then with a certain experience, America could be called an island. Based on these findings, it can be assumed that:

Atlantean priests knew that they lived on the island
- Egyptian priests describing Atlantis meant the American continent

Contemporaries, knowing about the existence of America, cannot believe that the great Atlantis is America, based only on linguistic considerations, and therefore they take away the concept of the lost island that came to some wise head.

Initially, religion was a universal means for creating social structures. That is, by uniting people with certain rules of behavior and a philosophical concept, you can manipulate their consciousness. This is how the empire of May, the cult of the pharaohs, the Soviet Union, Christianity, Islam, Tibet and many other group structures arose, united by a common idea. The ancient rulers, on a competitive basis, chose a more perfect idea that could unite the consciousness of the state, most fully answering all questions of the existence of the surrounding world. It was in this way that Christianity came from Greece to Russia, Buddhism from India to Tibet, and the Atlantean cult to Egypt. Therefore, statehood in ancient times was inseparable from a religious cult. The last vestige of this form of religious government is the Vatican. Atlantis is a religious system with the concept of the creator - God and the cult of the prophets - living gods on earth. The cult of the Guardian Angels is, in its essence, the ancient cult of the Atlanteans-defenders of the culture of ancient May. After analyzing all the available materials, it becomes clear that Solon heard from the Egyptian priests not just a story about Atlantis, but the transmission of a religious concept, the bearers and cult servants of which they were.

Cohabitation of a large group of people requires strict observance of the norms of behavior, which is possible only with a high level of social self-awareness. Undoubtedly in Atlantis the social level was at a very high level. And the transfer of religious principles led to the social flourishing of the empire of the pharaohs, which in turn served as a source of inspiration for the ancient Greek rulers. The creation of the Greek pantheon of gods took place under the influence of the Egyptian priests' descriptions of the power structures of the Pharaoh's empire.

Plato's testimonies of a gigantic empire on three continents are only a link in the chain of Kaplans' oral transmissions, one of the main tasks of which was to expand the influence of the religious concept. Realistically, looking at the possibilities of communication of that time, it becomes clear that the direct military development of such vast territories on three continents is clearly impossible.

Looking for material evidence of the existence of Atlantis, modern scientists did not even admit in their thoughts that Plato described a religious cult in his notes. Without direct access to Atlantean philosophy itself, they gathered together all the available information, describing secular life with elements of the philosophy of the cult. Naturally, this cult relied on various state structures, but the state may cease to exist, which does not mean the disappearance of religion.

Another detail speaks of the obvious inconsistency of the concept of an island for a multi-million population. First of all, even a few territories of Great Britain would hardly be enough to feed such a mass of people for several millennia.

Plato, describing the palace of the Atlanteans, could just as well describe one of the Christian churches in one of the Christian states. And if the described island really disappeared under water or its population died due to a natural cataclysm, then from this we can conclude that Atlantis died. But it absolutely should not follow from this that it was on this island that the millions of described inhabitants of Atlantis lived. There are also millions of adherents of Buddhism and they also live in different parts of the world, and the tsunami in Thailand does not mean the death of an entire religion.

How is it possible that Columbus, a few thousand years later, discovering America, which was in close proximity to the island of Atlantis, could find that the Aztecs, the heirs of the Mayan culture, had no idea what a wheel was? Everything is much simpler than you might imagine. There was no developed communication between the continents at that time, and a single case of the penetration of ideology was enough for the development of a cult. The most surprising thing in this story is that the culture of the Atlanteans did not die in the depths of the sea, but, having transformed, continues to dominate the world.

The historical national characteristics of peoples are often intertwined with different ideological and religious ideas, and therefore difficulties arise in recreating the real picture. If in the future, when meeting in the text of the word atlas, incomprehensible associations arise, for example, it will be necessary to replace the word atlas with a Catholic or a Baptist and everything will fall into place. The chain of oral transmission of information for several thousand years is undoubtedly transformed and overgrown with various interpretations and translations. If the same information is interpreted by each person depending on his knowledge and imagination, then you can imagine what happens with such large time periods through which this information passes. The language barrier also plays an important role, not to mention the cultural difference in general. / a religious cult that developed over several thousand years, having a deep esoteric meaning, was transmitted to almost primitive Greek shepherds, and later was subjected to the interpretation of modern technocratic consciousness.

The May Empire reached its peak long before the times described by Plato. The center of the empire was located in Central America, washed by two oceans, and with some reference to the state of geographical science of that time, this piece of land, surrounded on both sides by water, can be called an island. And for greater persuasiveness, we can conclude that the concept of a mainland did not exist at that time and America fully corresponds to the description of a huge island. Therefore, the priests of May could well consider themselves residents of a land area surrounded by water on all sides.

An interesting fact is that the Egyptians already had a wheel at the time the pyramids were built, which means that there was no contact between the continents. Simple logic says that:

An island in the Atlantic Ocean with a population of many millions who died in a natural disaster never existed;

The real multi-million dollar empire described by Plato was located on the territory of the American continent;

A single contact of American culture with Egyptian culture marked the beginning of the spread of an American religious cult later called Atlantis by the Greeks;

There was no repeated return contact before Columbus, and all the descriptions were preserved, and came to the Greeks only thanks to the aliens who arrived in Egypt from the American continent;

The further spread of religious worship in the Mediterranean region led to the flourishing of a whole bunch of civilizations;

The real island in the Mediterranean described by Plato with the religious cult of the Atlanteans that developed there really existed, but the information described was mixed with information about the multi-million empire of May. If information about the wheel did not penetrate into America, then ivory could not be present in the temples of May;

This island really suffered some kind of natural cataclysm, and since the concept of Atlantis was interpreted by the Greeks as the world of Atlantis, this gave rise to the myth of the death of Atlantis. There have been many floods and floods in the history of mankind. The island of Crete, as the most frequently mentioned in Greek mythology, is a contender for the title of the ancient stronghold of Atlantis, which has been searched for for many centuries.

In addition, historical records of the life and development of the Atlantean culture exist, and we know about them. There is even a book describing the lineage of the priestly caste, beginning with the origins of the cult. A complete description of the religious-shamanic cult can be found in the works of the famous anthropologist Carlos Castañeda. At the heart of all branches of Maya culture lies the text of the biography of the prophets (Kaplans) and their deeds. A prophet is one who speaks the truth about God and the path - ways of approaching his divine consciousness.

Modern Indians have their own similar oral transmission of the deeds of the holders of knowledge - magic stories, and the Old Testament, New Testament, Talmud, Koran - are actually textbooks that say: - listen to us, act as we are and you will become great like us, leaving your bestial emotional instincts. Describing the life of their prophets, they bring to the fore the moral values ​​necessary for the normal operation of the social mechanism of the group.

Older records, both in Egypt and in America, are made in figurative language according to the laws and possibilities of that time. It is possible to transmit information in this way, but it is almost impossible to decipher without knowledge of the oral transmission. After all, what a child has drawn, even a mother often cannot decipher without his help, and the Egyptian pyramids are painted in this style. You have seen photographs with records of the meeting and journey to the original homeland of the Atlanteans - the promised land, more than once in popular science films, not to mention history textbooks and specialized literature.

Let's start with the fact that if you strain your memory a little, you can easily imagine fragments of the interior decoration of the interior of the Egyptian pyramids. Practically, in each of them maritime exploits are depicted in the form of drawings of boats with a merrily rowing team of slaves under sails and some incomprehensible half-people, half-birds, half-cats. Our history textbooks were written by scientists who followed the traditions of scientific maximalism that developed after the discovery of the geometric shape of the earth. Considering religion a relic of the past, scholars began to apply the materialistic approach to the historical sciences as well. It is natural to interweave the historical elements of the description of events with the cult elements of the vision of the world of that time. And therefore, the lack of access to the source materials of the religious view led to the situation of an information vacuum around not only Atlantis itself, but also the Egyptian pyramids. It was religion with the corresponding code of social life that made it possible to organize huge masses of people to build the pyramids.

And the fact that the concepts of Atlantis and Egypt are closely related is evidenced not only by the fact that we received information about Atlantis from the Egyptian priests, but also by Plato's own evidence of the power of the Atlanteans over the territory of ancient Egypt.

The pharaohs differed little from other reigning nobility, and only the fantasies and imagination of modern discoverers made it possible to hoax a very real biography of the history of Egypt and the life of the royal family in the records found on the walls of the pyramids. Modern scientists have followed in the footsteps of the ancient Greeks, not understanding the essence of cultural heritage, creating their own interpretations - simplifying historical realities to the point of primitiveness.

The pyramids undoubtedly capture the entire history of Egypt. Pyramids are a kind of symbol of the power of the empire, and the pharaoh and his family were living gods on earth, and their deified genealogy fit into the overall picture of this story. It is quite understandable why modern interpreters considered all drawings with images of half people and half animals to be characters of the myths of the afterlife, because even a first grader knows that in real life there are no people with beaks and feathers on their heads. However, the Atlantean priests had their own figurative cult language and it was they who painted the Egyptian pyramids.

Developing from the shamanic traditions of using hallucinogenic plants, for several thousand years on the American continent an institution has been formed for educating psychologically perfect people capable of adapting to any environment and manipulating the consciousness of others. Three aspects of the Indian tradition: Atlantean protectors (angelism, apostolate), pure consciousness - the holy spirit and the theory of consciousness in the form of a cross were the main aspects of religious philosophy. The priestly caste was considered chosen by God to rule the world. And only a chance brought them to Egypt, and it all began like this.

Long ago, at the dawn of the cult of the pharaohs in the Nile Valley on the territory of ancient Egypt, shipping was well developed by those standards, and the ruling dynasties systematically expanded their possessions on the African coast of the Mediterranean. Human curiosity has no limits, and just as we now send satellites to distant planets, so the ancient navigators climbed farther and farther in search of unknown lands. Having once set out across the Atlantic Ocean, which had not yet been called Atlantic, in search of new lands and adventures, Egyptian sailors ended up in America. And it is quite possible that such a brave captain-navigator was called Sinbad.

Our fearless heroes swam across the ocean and saw a fairyland with blooming gardens around huge pyramids and temple complexes. And costumed ritual holidays were at that time, due to the lack of TV, a more significant spectacle than the performance of a famous rock band and made an amazing impression on them. Proud priests with feathers in their hair, resembling the characters of Indian films of the DEFA film studio, peacefully received the guests, and our navigators were stunned by the grandeur of the events. The ancient rulers of May can be compared with magicians who, having hypnotized their subjects and inspired them with a certain idea, did impossible things: they built pyramids from blocks weighing several tons brought from afar; they dug reclamation canals for tens of kilometers and kept vast territories in subjection. Their power was unlimited, as well as the power of any idea that dominates the minds of people, be it Christianity or our not so distant communism.

Using narcotic plants and prayer, the Kaplans saw their god as something global, indescribable giving and taking away life, but for ritual purposes they used the eagle symbol as the most appropriate in order to emphasize his connection with the sky. The jaguar was considered a symbol of earthly power. The masks of these animals were seen by the Egyptians who arrived to the Atlanteans, and it is the masks of an eagle with a long beak and feathers on its head, as well as a jaguar, that are the characters that we find in every Egyptian pyramid. Moreover, the mysterious sphinx is the perfect creative thought of the Atlanteans, who connected the body of the jaguar (made from a lion for lack of a jaguar in Egypt), the mane of an eagle and the face of a person - a symbol of the union of the divine principle and earthly power in the material body of a person.

The use of drugs undoubtedly increased the power of suggestion and the creative possibilities of those chosen by God. Shamans of all times and peoples used fumigation with narcotic plants to introduce the public into a trance, which greatly simplified manipulation in the future. In Christianity, this aspect remained as a purely mechanical ritual repetition of fumigation with censers. Our modern stage and film shamans use drugs, but only after winning Oscars and public recognition, they usually need the help of a narcologist. It can be said that most of the world's highest achievements in sports and art were realized thanks to doping and drugs.

After thousands of years, the main forms of transmitting religious information have not changed, our priests also dress themselves in symbolic clothes and teach them to behave correctly in this life. The paintings on the walls of the temples tell how angels are, and the archangels perform their celestial deeds, protecting us. And for the Egyptians who arrived in America, such an active holistic religious system of transferring knowledge was new, and they immediately accepted it. Rather, it can be said that they had no choice, much later, the same Indians in the time of Columbus, had no choice, accepting Christianity as the legacy of the Atlantean religion.

The Egyptians went back together with a group of priests. The journey home was successful, and from that moment Atlantean psychology began its victorious march in the Mediterranean. And it is from this moment that the history of the Egyptian pyramids begins. The first pharaohs accepted the concept of a single god, and it was this concept, together with the entire mythological-figurative system, that dominated ancient Egypt, gradually bringing the living god, the Pharaoh, to the forefront. The euphoria of the divine omnipotent possession of consciousness, which allowed Maya culture to flourish for several thousand years, took root in the Mediterranean region, dividing into two groups - sects. We can conditionally call them Atlanteans and Orthodox, but in fact the Old Testament describes other names, but in order to describe the order in the history of events, one must rely on the essence of what is happening. All misunderstandings on religious grounds and in history occur precisely because the same aspects and events have different names, or different meanings are attributed to the same name.

At the same time, a state arose on a Mediterranean island that erected magnificent architectural structures, which the Greeks later described. It was this kingdom, located not far from the northern coast of the Mediterranean Sea, that served as an example for imitation of Greek culture. Much of Greek mythology is based on the description of life on this island. The earthquake destroyed the population and buildings, leaving to subsequent generations the image of a perfect social structure and eagles and tigers on the coats of arms of subsequent generations. The Greek shepherds, listening to the stories of the Atlantean shepherds about the palaces and the life of the living gods, created their own image to follow - the Olympian divine rulers and their protectors of the Atlanteans. This gave impetus to the development of Greek civilization as a copy of the external aspects of the Egyptian-Atlantic ideology.

The state in Crete, which was part of the Pharaoh's empire and had an Atlantean form of religious and political structure, perished, but the empire continued to exist for another three millennia. The Vatican, with the cult of the Pope, is an almost complete copy of the forms of government in ancient Egypt.

At the same time, the breakaway adherents of the orthodox tradition, the Jews, went through this entire period, retaining their cult traditions almost in their original form. They were excluded from access to power, and were mainly engaged in handicrafts and the construction of pyramids. Having closed to prevent mixing with slaves, they preserved not only religious doctrines, but also the language. Hebrew appears to belong to the Maya language group. The fact is that the group that arrived from America consisted only of men, and they began to take local women as their wives. In order to preserve their national identity while living in a closed group, they decided to determine their nationality by their mother. You can’t refuse them logic - it’s more difficult to prove paternity. Thus a new nation arose - the Jews. Translated into the local language, the word Jew meant - a stranger.

Subsequently, new sects arose in the territories of penetration of the Egyptian Atlantic culture, which later won the status of independent religions. At present, the successors of these traditions are Christianity and Islam, which, in turn, have also divided into many sect-schools. Sects that base their philosophy on the theory of the cross began to be called Christians (Christians). In Rus', when Christianity was introduced, peasants were often asked who they were, and therefore the concept of a peasant took root in the people in parallel with the name of the Christian cult. Mohammed and Jesus continued the line of succession of the ancient cult of May with the traditional method of prophecy - the science of life and the path to divine consciousness. In those days there was no traditional education system and the prophets taught life and mind (they talked about fate, fate).

On the American continent, in closed groups, a holistic concept of all aspects of the Atlantean cult has been preserved. The theory of pure consciousness was described in his writings by Carlos Castañeda, who studied the belief system of Latin American Indians. He recorded the oral transmission of the cult philosophy of the descendants of the ancient Toltecs. It is there that we will find references to the Atlantean giants guarding the ancient priests, and even after thousands of years, Indian children come at night to the ruins of the Indian pyramids to meet these giants there and get an adrenaline rush. Initially, the traditions of religion did not have any name and were naturally divided into worshipers of the symbols of the eagle and the jaguar, respectively, cult and secular power. But, having landed on Egyptian soil, the cult at first had an integral form, connecting the eagle and the jaguar through the efforts of the Kaplans - aliens. The Sphinx is a monument to their feat.

All in the same sources of Carlos Castaneda we find the theory of the cross, described by modern Indians, preserved as a legacy of ancient ancestors. Their cross symbolizes the entire range of human and animal consciousness (psyche). The horizontal line symbolizes the entire range of human states from joy, religious ecstasy to clairvoyance. The vertical plane corresponds, from divine enlightenment above the intersection with the horizontal line, to the lowering into the darkness of animal instincts and negative emotions below the intersection.

In the very environment of the Christian Kaplans, at the very beginning of the flowering of the new religion, there was a split into Orthodox and Catholics. The first, after the break with the Vatican, became closer to the spirit of the Aryan culture dominating in the east. Without focusing on bringing light into the animal consciousness of primitive tribes, the Orthodox crossed out the lower branch of the cross, which began to distinguish their cross from the Catholic one. The Catholics, in turn, took upon themselves the burden of missionary work, but forbade their Kaplans to descend to animal sexual instincts. Therefore, their cross remained from two planes.

In addition, May had a very unpleasant ritual for a civilized person - human sacrifices. Unlike commentaries on popular science films, it was not defenseless slaves that were sacrificed, but specially prepared Kaplans, from childhood, brought up with the consciousness of the possibility of such an outcome if such a need arises. In moments of mass disease or crop failure or other troubles threatening the people, Kaplan sacrificed himself or his children in accordance with the idea of ​​​​representing the interests of the people before God. The Old Testament mentions such a sacrifice, and Christ continued the tradition, sacrificing himself in the name of saving people and according to the scenario of the customs of his ancestors.

Maya in their philosophy described the emergence of the world, but not the physical, but the religious - religious morality. Adam and Eve lived in the Amazon jungle in an absolutely virgin state, and only when they were informed that it was shameful to walk naked, and they were ashamed. It was with the help of morality that Maya led primitive people out of the animal paradise - the state of innocence, and this is how the great multi-million civilization that built the pyramids arose. And for the construction of the pyramids, as well as for the normal existence of social forms of statehood, a strict working discipline is necessary. And the six-day working week came to us from May through the Old Testament and the Bible as an urgent recommendation of the priestly tradition. The accents that we put when using the terms: priest, Kaplan, apostle, prophet are only a tribute to tradition and, in principle, mean one thing - a clergyman (of God) - a teacher.

The Old Testament is a record of the history of the historical homeland of the Atlantean, Jewish and Christian cults. In fact, being the genealogy of the caste of the rulers of the priests of the Maya empire, in accordance with the traditions of oral transmission, interpreted and recorded later as the personal property of the Jewish people. If the Jews had not closed into a separate group after arriving in Egypt, such a nation would not exist. There would be no God of the chosen people and there would not be the most cunning and intelligent people who conquered our material world, constantly, no matter what, showing us their superiority.

At times, the followers of the cult of May have conflicts with the natives of the Eurasian continent Arii. Two great cultures are distinguished only by the approach to the interpretation of knowledge with all the ensuing consequences. But in most conflict situations, the cause was not ideological differences, but material interests. The ideology was used as a cover for the desire to take away material values ​​from more enterprising Jews.

The Vatican reliably keeps the secret of its roots, knowing that the declassification and removal of mystical robes from the history of its emergence on the continent will be the beginning of the end of the history of the Christian empire.

Summarizing all of the above, we can briefly describe the events as follows. Approximately twelve thousand years ago, the shamanic cult of the eagle began to develop on the American continent as a symbol of the creator of all living things, which later transformed into the cult of the abstract Creator God with the keepers of the tradition - the Kaplan caste - people chosen by God. Thanks to the cult, the Maya empire controlled vast territories, involving all new primitive tribes into its social structure with the help of a religious idea. With the help of an almost free labor force, magnificent architectural complexes, pyramids, temples, palaces, and irrigation systems were created. At the heart of May's philosophy, in addition to the creator god, there were several more fundamental concepts: Atlantes - protectors, the cross as a symbol of the range of consciousness, which at the same time was a clear example of moral values ​​and a gradation of states of consciousness.

The Kaplan group, having got to the African continent with the help of Egyptian sailors, created a social structure similar to the May empire, creating the cult of the Pharaoh and began to build pyramids. Part of the Kaplans, having become related to the tribal Egyptian nobility, focused on creating a religious empire, because huge human resources were required to build the pyramids. And in order for them to serve their living God implicitly, in sermons among slaves and commoners, emphasis was placed on the cult of the Atlanteans - heavenly guardians who guarded God and his divine retinue. Just as our children are afraid of Baba Yaga, so the Egyptian slaves were told tales from childhood about huge creatures guarding the sacred power of the living gods.

Later, having created a huge empire, the Egyptians, having failed to conquer the tribes of the ancient Greeks, having created majestic temple complexes on an island in the Mediterranean Sea, began the indoctrination of the Greeks. But mother nature or the will of the gods intervened, and a natural cataclysm destroyed the population of the island and the Kaplans, leaving the Greeks with stories about the Pharaoh, Atlantes and their homeland. The Greeks liked the stories about giants the most, and they began to call the world described by Kaplans - Atlantis. In parallel, developing the theme of physical strength, Hercules appeared - Hercules and the Olympic Games. From themselves, the Greeks added only centaurs and tyre, as a symbol of their sexual promiscuity.

Not all Kaplans who arrived liked such a superficial attitude to the cult values ​​of the Pharaoh's entourage, and they, trying to preserve the cult transmission, created their own image of the cult's ideology, having fallen out of favor, lost access to higher power. Living among slaves, they closed themselves to prevent incest. This is how the Jews arose, with barely perceptible features of their ancestors from the American continent: wide nostrils, dark hair and sidelocks instead of feathers.

The Jewish prophet Jesus Christ, an idealistic young man, realized the idea of ​​pure consciousness with the help of prayer and decided to stir up the formalized Kaplan institution, but having met with a wall of egoism, he went to the people. Having recruited students, he began to create his own empire, which his competitors did not like. You know the consequences - he was crucified, but literary evidence says that in those days people were nailed not to a cross, but simply to a pillar. Perhaps Jesus was made an exception because of his ideological attachment to the cross - the symbol of consciousness and morality of Kaplanov May, who lost his original philosophy, becoming a symbol of martyrdom after his death. And his followers are baptized and fumigated with incense, not even suspecting the real meaning of their actions. Do you want to see Atlantis? Come into the church, feel the atmosphere of the Atlantic New Age (new age). Do you hear this peace and quiet? Know that your guardian angel is protecting you, spreading its wings over you.

The cult of the Atlanteans, having become the cult of the Angels, retained in Christianity almost all of its ideological aspects, with the exception of sacrifices, of course. Jesus sacrificed himself for all of us, and modern Kaplans decided not to kill themselves. Dominion over the souls of people brings moral satisfaction, why spoil such comfort with thoughts of death. Another thing is to burn the servants of Satan at the stake. But the idea of ​​sacrifice has not died, it has been adopted by a new Atlantic branch - Islam, and at present the whole world is watching with tension how Islamic kamikazes undermine themselves along with the infidels. Any integral philosophy lives until the line of transmission is interrupted, but over time the idea becomes a cult, and the bureaucratic mechanism begins to care about strengthening its positions of power, and not about preserving the line of transmission of higher human values. This happened in turn with the empires of May, the Egyptian, the Greek, the Roman, the Soviet.

Moreover, the short period of existence of the Soviet empire is due to the complete absence of the highest ideological values ​​of man, replaced by an artificial idea of ​​social morality. The Atlantean idea did not perish, it was just a branch of the holistic socio-religious idea of ​​May. Modern religions that continue the traditions of the cult of angels and prophets are only new branches of the tree of knowledge of the truth. Moreover, this tree is common to all mankind. The modern fashion for a narrow specialization does not allow scientists to create a coherent historical picture of the world. You can collect information about the branches of sciences and religions as much as you like, but in order to know the source of truth, you need to go down to the roots. This was proved by one of the descendants of the Kaplans of the ancient cult - Albert Einstein.

History says that the excessive materialization of the approach to the highest value of humanity - consciousness, leads to the death of cultures. Islam, protecting the moral principles of its culture from the dominance of democratic permissiveness, protects the principles of the health and viability of its culture. It is no coincidence that natural disasters hit the centers of sexual promiscuity. It is no coincidence that new diseases arise that affect those who do not observe moral principles and emotional hygiene. The beginning of the extinction of a technocratic civilization cannot be stopped by paying huge sums of money for each child born. The Western Atlantic civilization is dying out, like Atlantis, from the loss of the bearers of spiritual and moral values. The Aryan Chinese civilization, thanks to Confucius and the spread of schools of psychophysical development, is quietly conquering the world.

It may not be too late to introduce new principles of moral and psychophysical preparation of our children into our education system. Otherwise, we will perish like Atlantis, only not from complacency and wealth, but from stupidity and drunkenness.

It is a pity, of course, to part with secrets, but the childhood of mankind ends, and we enter real life with its very real virtual space. New generations will have unlimited access to information resources and the means of communication created in their own image and likeness will create a visual model of our world - man. And finally, we will leave the figurative description of consciousness, putting an end to the opposition of ideologies, and we will perceive them only as information - we will create our own cross, a gradation of human values ​​of the future. What's next? Of course, the turn of aliens will come, which will turn out to be not aliens at all, but our ancestors from the future. But for this philosophy, we still need to grow, and to discover the following secrets, let's start with simpler things. Maybe we will dive into the depths of centuries, to the origins of Indian yoga, or unravel the so boring mystery of extinct mammoths and dinosaurs?

The legend of Atlantis, born in ancient Greece, has been of interest for more than two millennia. A variety of sources - historical, ethnic, zoogeographical, astronomical, etc. - have been analyzed, disassembled and compared. The successes achieved as a result of archaeological excavations and geological study of the seabed have provided such rich material that now we can look at the problem of Atlantis in a different way . What used to be based only on conjectures and assumptions has received real confirmation thanks to new facts. Now one can even imagine the cultural level of the Atlanteans and describe the nature of the geological catastrophe that led to their death.
In order to answer the question of why Atlantis died, you need to know where it was. Most atlantologists, including our leading specialist in this field, N.F. Zhirov, placed the drowned country in the northern part of the Atlantic Ocean.
In the last decade, the bathymetric, geological, and geophysical knowledge of the Atlantic Ocean has moved far ahead. Now we can definitely say that at the bottom of the central part of the Atlantic Ocean, in particular on the mid-ocean underwater ridge, there is no submerged Atlantis.
Science is accumulating facts in favor of the fact that the oceans, in particular the Atlantic, are relatively young formations (100-50 million years), earlier there were continents in their place. It is quite possible that individual sections of the Atlantic Ocean were included in the troughs later - at the beginning or middle of the Tertiary period, i.e., 25–10 million years ago. But we have no grounds to assume that the subsidence of any land areas in the central part of the Atlantic Ocean has occurred over the past 12 thousand years.
In recent years, geological and geophysical research in the Atlantic Ocean has developed very intensively. With the help of automatic echo sounders, the topography of the ocean floor was studied in detail. The structure of the earth's crust in the Central and North Atlantic has been studied in detail by seismic and magnetic methods. The soil-bearing pipes lowered to the bottom gave abundant material on the composition and age of sediments on the ocean floor. Finally, in the 1970s, deep drilling of the ocean floor was carried out at many points in the Atlantic from the research vessel Glomar Challenger, specially equipped for this purpose. Drilling has shown that in the central part of the Atlantic, near the mid-ocean ridge, exclusively carbonate sediments are developed, the thickness of which reaches many tens of meters. Toward the European and American coasts, carbonate oozes are gradually replaced by clayey ones, and interlayers of fine-grained sands appear only near the continental slope. These new data indicate that not only in the last 10-20 thousand years, but also 5-10 million years ago, there was no land within the central part of the Atlantic Ocean. The drift of fine-grained material into the ocean came only from the ocean margins. Sea currents did not carry even the smallest clay particles to the central part of the Atlantic Ocean, and only carbonate sediments accumulated there, formed as a result of the death of organisms living in the water. If land existed in the central part of the Atlantic Ocean at least temporarily, then the detrital material removed from it would certainly be found in the sediments of this part of the ocean.
Modern ideas about geological processes that are taking place now or that happened in the recent geological past make it possible to narrow down the number of natural phenomena that can cause a catastrophe that is somewhat close to Plato's descriptions.
It would seem that one of the most natural causes of the death of Atlantis was the rise in the level of the ocean or the lowering of the land where Atlantis was located. A huge number of examples are known when the ruins of buildings and entire cities are found at the bottom of lakes, seas and oceans, which a thousand years ago were located on land or even far from the sea. The ups and downs of the ocean floor cover vast areas. So, a significant part of the Netherlands is constantly sinking. So that sea water does not penetrate into the inhabited areas and does not flood pastures, fields and cities, the Dutch constantly have to build up dams that protect their country from the intrusion of the waters of the North Sea.
No matter how tempting is the explanation of the death of Atlantis by the general sinking of the island, it cannot be accepted: there is nothing catastrophic in the sinking of the land. Ups and downs on the earth's surface, due to geological reasons, occur everywhere. The maximum rates of uplift and subsidence of the earth's crust are measured by several millimeters per year. In order for a flat country to sink even a few meters, time is needed, measured in millennia. If we recall that, according to Plato's description, Atlantis abounded in mountain ranges, then it is obvious that this reason will have to be abandoned.
The unusual slowness of geological ups and downs confused many atlantologists, and some of them, in search of reasons that sharply accelerate the sinking of the land, turned to the so-called eustatic fluctuations in the level of the World Ocean. What it is?
As you know, in the recent geological past, our planet has experienced several epochs of glaciation. During the glaciation, a huge amount of water was turned into continental ice, covering large areas in the north of Europe, Asia and America with a thousand-meter shell. So much moisture accumulated in the ice sheet that the water level in the World Ocean dropped by 100 m. When the ice began to melt, the level of the World Ocean began to rise again and eventually rose by the same 100 m. Raising the ocean level to a similar height is enough, to take over many countries. However, no matter how tempting such a reason for explaining the death of Atlantis, it is also unrealistic.
The warming at the end of the last ice age was not catastrophic. Radiocarbon studies of organic remains found in late and post-glacial deposits and paleobotanical materials indicate that the rise in sea level at the end of the Ice Age was gradual. At the first stages of ice melting, the level in the ocean increased by 12–7 mm/year, and then (about 6 thousand years ago) by only 2–1 mm/year.
It is not possible to drown Atlantis as a result of "ordinary", i.e., constantly and everywhere occurring, geological processes. In this case, the cause of the death of the legendary continent should be sought in accidental, catastrophic phenomena. Events of this kind can be divided into two groups: a) cosmic events, b) geological catastrophes.
Greater attention of atlantologists is attracted by the cosmic causes of the death of Atlantis. The famous Polish astronomer L. Seidler brought them to the fore. He proposed several different options for cosmic catastrophes, namely, the meeting of the Earth with an asteroid, the fall of a comet, etc. Let us consider how competent this hypothesis is.
The death of a large region as a result of a meteorite fall is a real thing. It should be emphasized that until recent years the role of such catastrophes in the historical past of our planet was underestimated, since the surface of the Earth was still insufficiently explored and most of the known meteorite craters were not discovered. Reassessment of ideas about the scale of such meteorite catastrophes has occurred in recent years in connection with the success of the study of the Moon, Mars, Mercury and other planets.
And yet such a cause of the death of Atlantis, although in principle possible, is unlikely. And the point is not only that the fall of large meteorites is an unusually rare phenomenon (for the historical period of the life of mankind, we do not know reliable cases of such a fall). No matter how large the meteorite that fell to Earth was, it could not form an oceanic depression at the site of its fall. Even in such a meteorite crater as the Popigai Basin in Siberia, the surface of the crater is only a few tens (maximum hundreds) of meters below the space outside the explosion. Thus, if the legendary Atlantis was overtaken by a giant meteorite, then, of course, it would be destroyed, but it would by no means sink to the ocean floor. Such a large meteorite crater, measured in tens of kilometers, would be discovered, and especially in the last decade, when the entire globe is covered with photography from aircraft and satellites.
Is the death of Atlantis possible as a result of the meeting of the Earth with a comet? Judging by the strength of the explosion and the size of the affected area, then undoubtedly. However, the comet could only destroy and burn the legendary country, but not destroy it, much less lower it below sea level. If such a catastrophe had occurred, then the ruins of the destroyed state of the Atlanteans would have been preserved. Cosmic reasons, no matter how tempting they seem at first glance, must be abandoned upon careful analysis.
Let us turn to the geological processes of a catastrophic nature. Here, three phenomena that serve as a constant source of human disasters should attract attention: earthquakes, volcanic eruptions and tsunamis.
During the historical era, hundreds of devastating earthquakes occurred, as a result of which giant cracks formed on the body of the Earth, large rock falls occurred, cities collapsed, thousands of people died. The cataclysms of the last two centuries have been most fully studied.
An earthquake, especially on the coast of the ocean, is much closer in character to Plato's descriptions than cosmic catastrophes. It is also significant that even the strongest seismic paroxysms occur a thousand times more often than the fall of large meteorites.
We wrote that such earthquakes as the Chilean one can be considered close to the maximum possible. Studying them allows us to assess the probable consequences of the maximum possible seismic cataclysm. Since a catastrophic earthquake occurs along an extended fault, the zone of greatest damage extends into a relatively narrow band, which is at most 20–50 km wide and up to 300–500 km long. Outside this zone, an underground strike no longer has a catastrophic force. Due to the limited width of the zone of destruction, the whole country, including Atlantis, would not be completely destroyed by one push, no matter how strong it was.
During catastrophic earthquakes, there is a subsidence (or rise) of significant areas, measured in tens of thousands of square kilometers. If the zone subjected to earthquakes is located near the sea, then such a phenomenon can lead to the subsidence of a vast territory under the sea level, as during the Baikal earthquake of 1861. Then, in the delta of the Selenga River, the so-called Gypsy steppe with an area of ​​more than 200 km2 went under water.
Such a phenomenon seems to resemble the situation conveyed by Plato - Atlantis went under water. However, it is impossible to drown Atlantis with the help of an earthquake. The fact is that one catastrophic earthquake will lower the zone adjacent to the epicentral line by only a few meters, no more. Consequently, the ruins of Atlantis on the coastal bottom could be discovered not only by a scuba diver, but also by any swimmer.
An earthquake is capable of destroying part of the state of Atlantis, turning its capital into ruins, but it could not plunge Atlantis into the depths of the ocean without a trace.
Could a giant tsunami have caused the death of Atlantis? As you know, tsunamis occur when an underground shock or volcanic explosion occurs near the sea.
Tsunamis from underwater earthquakes are practically non-existent in the Atlantic Ocean. No, because tsunamigenic earthquakes do not occur under the bottom of these oceans.
Let us dwell on the possibility of tsunami waves in the Mediterranean Sea. The Greek seismologist A. Galanopoulos devoted a special article to this issue. The information he collected showed that tsunamis that occur near the coast of the sea are caused by two reasons: underwater earthquakes, volcanic eruptions under water and near water. It turned out that the height of tsunami waves from earthquakes is small, which means that there can be no catastrophic destruction on the coast.
In the previous chapter, it was shown that volcanic explosions have no equal in terms of the energy released, the size of the area subject to devastation. Their danger to humans also lies in the fact that they are accompanied by a number of catastrophic phenomena: shock wave, ashfall, tsunami.
Finding out the maximum possible force of a geological catastrophe is of exceptional importance for solving the problem of Atlantis. Firstly, if we literally follow the text of Plato, which says that Atlantis was larger than Libya (Africa) and Asia (Asia Minor) combined, then it is obvious that for the complete destruction of such a huge country, a geological catastrophe is needed thousands of times greater than known to us. Secondly, for our further conclusions it is extremely important that the eruption of Santorin in the XIV century. BC e., which we associate with the death of the Minoan maritime power, is one of the maximum possible geological cataclysms, which means that if we want to explain the destruction of Atlantis by a geological catastrophe, then the Santorini eruption, judging by the force of the explosion and the area of ​​devastation, is more suitable for this purpose than that or otherwise.
Until the beginning of our century, almost nothing was known about the existence of a large maritime state with a high culture on the islands of the Aegean Sea 4-5 thousand years ago. In March 1900, the English archaeologist A. Evans began excavations on the island of Crete. Already the first months of work gave amazing results. The ruins of a huge palace with magnificent frescoes were discovered, which with many rooms, passages and courtyards strikingly resembled the Labyrinth known from the ancient Greek myth of Theseus.
Thanks to archaeological excavations in Knossos, as well as on the site of other ancient settlements of Crete and the Cyclades, the world learned about the existence of a new Crete-Mycenaean culture, about a powerful sea power that dominated the Mediterranean in the III-II millennium BC. e. Evans's discovery also illuminated the problem of Atlantis in a completely new way.
Reports appeared in the press that in the Aegean Sea, on the island of Thira of the Santorini archipelago, 120 km north of Crete, excavations are underway of an ancient city covered with volcanic ash. The discovered works of art and crafts belong to the heyday of the Cretan-Mycenaean culture. In the southern part of the island of Thira, under a multi-meter thickness of volcanic ash, entire blocks of houses, including multi-storey ones, were found covered with ash.
Some with small loggias, others with vestibules and stone benches. High stucco corridors lead to interior rooms with numerous niches and ledges. Fireplaces have been built in the main rooms. The walls are colorfully painted.
The frescoes found on the walls of houses captured the blueness of the sky, the greenery of trees, flowering lilies, crocuses, myrtle, climbing ivy. There are many images of lilies on ceramics, even the whole room is painted with lilies. A large number of ritual vessels, figurines of sacrificial animals and small altars have been found. Frescoes are open, which show a life-size procession of women with sacred gifts. I saw the light and another beautiful fresco, with half-naked female figures.
Excavations allow us to imagine the original size of the prehistoric city. It is believed that the ancient city once stretched across the entire island. In those days, up to 30 thousand people lived on the edge of the crater. With the explosion of Santorin and the sinking of the caldera, the northern part of the city perished. The southern one was partly filled up, and partly went under water.
In 1939, an article by S. Marinatos appeared on the pages of the English magazine Antiquity, outlining the hypothesis that the colossal eruption of Santorini was the root cause of the death of the Minoan civilization. Then Crete was destroyed. Attention was also drawn to the fact that the civilization described by Plato, in which bronze was intensively used, resembled the Minoan, destroyed 900 years before the era of Solon.
Not for 9000 years, as Plato wrote, but for 900. The Greek seismologist A. Galanopoulos drew attention to the fact that the numbers differ exactly 10 times, and suggested that Solon, who did not know the Egyptian language and spoke with the Egyptian priests through an interpreter, I made a mistake and took the Egyptian designation of the number 100 for 1000. But in this case, the other numbers given in Plato's description of Atlantis should be more than 10 times? Galanopoulos checked all the measurements given by Plato and came to the conclusion that the size of the country, the canals, the ditches around the castles, the number of ships and all other items mentioned in the legend were exaggerated 10 times. Knowing geography well, Plato understood that such a large kingdom could not be located in the Mediterranean Sea. Therefore, according to Galanopoulos, he moved the pillars of Hercules from the Peloponnese to Gibraltar, and the island of Atlantis to the ocean located beyond the Iberian Peninsula.
By placing the vanished country of Plato in the Aegean Sea and linking its death with the eruption of Santorin, we can quite fully restore the dimensions of the legendary Atlantis, imagine the flourishing of culture and art that existed there, and describe its tragedy.
Let's try to imagine the scale of the catastrophe that occurred in 1400 BC. e. in the Aegean Sea and which caused the death of the Minoan kingdom. Some idea of ​​this can be given by comparing the Minoan eruption of Santorini with the disaster in the Sunda archipelago, when the Krakatau volcano exploded. Studies by many geologists have shown that the mechanism for the formation of the calderas of both volcanoes was similar. But the Krakatoa caldera is significantly inferior to the Santorini caldera in its size. Three to four times the area of ​​the caldera, as well as a layer of tephra up to 30 m thick, preserved on the islands of Thira, Thirassia and Aspronisi, suggest that the Minoan eruption of Santorini was more catastrophic than the paroxysm of Krakatau.
One must think that this event, as in 1883 in the Sunda Archipelago, was not instantaneous, but lasted several hours, and maybe even days. "In one day and a disastrous night ..." - says Plato.
The Minoan eruption of Santorini was preceded by a long period of calm. Volcanic ash lies on rocks that were on the surface of the earth for a long time before the eruption and were heavily weathered. But in such a geologically active area, peace is not eternal. Excavations on Tire give evidence that the giant eruption was preceded by earthquakes that destroyed some buildings. There were also volcanic eruptions, which, however, did not become destructive - on the layers of ash and pumice that covered the debris from earthquakes, traces of life are visible, which continued after the onset of natural disasters.
A striking feature of the volcanic disaster is that, unlike Pompeii, no human remains were found in the ashes. We must conclude that even before the main eruption, the inhabitants of Atlantis managed to escape from the city. Grabbing the most valuable, they rushed to the shore. They managed to collect and carry clay vessels to the shore, but they were no longer able to take them with them. This is evidenced by excavations on Tyre. During the eruption of the Bezymyanny volcano, an ash cloud rose to a height of up to 40 km. In Ust-Kamchatsk, located 120 km from the volcano, that is, at the same distance as Crete from Santorin, a cloud obscured the entire horizon, and soon it became as dark as night there. Apparently, a similar phenomenon was also observed at the beginning of the Santorini eruption. The roar and the black cloud that rose above the volcano confused the inhabitants of the Minoan state, forced them to get out of their houses, to run further from the raging elements. Undoubtedly, Crete suffered less from the volcanic disaster than the island of Atlantis, but one should not underestimate the disastrous consequences for Crete of the eruption in Santorini. Most likely, in Crete, as well as in the Cyclades, the influence of all the consequences of the volcanic catastrophe simultaneously affected.
The first consequence of the Santorini disaster is the blast wave. During the eruption of Krakatoa, the roar was heard over an area equal to 1/13 of the globe. Air shock waves shattered glass in houses and at a distance of 150 km, and in some cases old houses were damaged at a distance of 800 km from Krakatau. The Santorini caldera with an area of ​​83 km2 and a layer of ash of 30 m on its fragments - the islands of Thira, Thirasia, Aspronisi, suggest that the Minoan eruption was stronger than the eruption of Krakatau. This means that in the Cyclades and Crete, located 100–150 km from Santorin, the blast wave should have caused significant damage.
Tremors almost always accompany volcanic eruptions. Such a grandiose geological event as the eruption of Santorini was almost certainly accompanied by underground shocks. Earthquakes, even of medium strength, can destroy or damage stone buildings. The destruction of cities in Crete and the Cyclades from an earthquake is the second consequence of a volcanic catastrophe.
Following the roar of volcanic explosions, an earthquake, an ashfall began from a rising black cloud, covering the settlements of ancient Santorin. Ashfall contributed to the partial preservation of Minoan buildings, as one and a half thousand years later, the ashes of Vesuvius fell asleep and preserved the city of Pompeii to this day. When, following the eruption and explosions, the collapse of the Santorin caldera began, only those buildings that were located within the settled caldera were destroyed on Atlantis. Buildings on the island of Thira, covered with a 30-meter layer of ash, have survived to this day.
Ashfall, as we now know, occurred during three successive eruptions of Santorin, of which the first was the most powerful and ash-rich. On Atlantis, the ash layer was measured in tens of meters, that is, it was more than enough to cover everything.
On the basis of Iceland - one of the most active volcanic regions of the world - the disastrous effect of ashfalls on agriculture has been studied. After analyzing historical materials, scientists found that the local population left the villages in cases where the layer of freshly fallen ash reached 10 cm or more, and did not return until the water and wind carried the ashes away. It took several decades, if not more.
After the Minoan eruption, the central and eastern parts of Crete and all the Cyclades were covered with a layer of ash more than 10 cm thick. Consequently, not only the entire crop died there, but a lifeless desert was formed, which, of course, people left.
There is some evidence that the tremors, explosions and collapse of the caldera that accompanied the eruption of Santorini in the XIV century. BC e., caused a very strong tsunami. On the island of Anafi, located 25 km east of Santorini, a layer of tephra 5 m thick was found, located in the upper reaches of one of the valleys at an altitude of 250 m above sea level. It consisted mainly of pumice, which is usually formed in water. According to the researchers, this pumice was deposited in the sea during the Minoan eruption of Santorini, and then brought to land by a tsunami wave. Undoubtedly, the tsunami from the Santorini disaster was one of the strongest. The northern coast of Crete is the most open to the raging elements. After the collapse of the island of Atlantis, the entire northern coast of Crete was supposed to be flooded within 20–30 minutes.
Signs of the destructive action of the Santorini tsunami have been discovered on the eastern coast of the Mediterranean Sea during archaeological excavations in Syria. The port and half of the ancient city of Ugarit is destroyed by a sea wave around 1400 BC. e. A Phoenician poem found in the library of Ugarit tells of the destruction caused by a hurricane and a tsunami.
The Santorini catastrophe not only caused colossal destruction in the Cyclades and Crete, but also killed many people. There were also casualties on other islands in the Aegean. Undoubtedly, the tsunami brought the greatest number of victims. Coastal settlements and the population of coastal cities were destroyed by the surging sea waves. Unlike Crete and the Cyclades, mainland Greece suffered less from the disaster. Ashfall under the influence of the wind spread from Santorin mainly to the southeast. The tsunami waves also proved to be less dangerous for mainland Greece, since most of the Greek population of that time was engaged in cattle breeding and lived in the mountains. Most of the cities were located beyond the reach of the waves. This can be seen in the example of the cities of Tiryns or Mycenae, located on the hills. They suffered little from the Santorini catastrophe and after the death of the Cretan state remained the largest centers of the Aegean culture.

Fall of an asteroid or fragments of a comet

To explain the death of Atlantis, supporters of its location in the Atlantic Ocean most often involve cosmic catastrophes.
The first to connect the death of Atlantis with the appearance of a comet was G.R. Carly published his work in 1784.
S. Bashinsky in 1914 suggested that Australia is the remnants of the asteroid. His hypothesis has no geological justification.
The Polish astronomer M. M. Kamensky came to the conclusion that Atlantis died due to Halley's comet in 9541 BC.

The German atlantologist O. Muk studied the traces of the fall of the Caroline meteorite (diameter 10 km, mass 200 billion tons, speed 20 km/sec) and came to the conclusion that it was the cause of the death of Atlantis. The impact force was equivalent to the explosion of 30 thousand hydrogen bombs.

The Polish atlantologist L. Seidler believes that Atlantis died in the collision of the Earth with Halley's comet.

The main "specialists" in the collision of the Earth with cosmic bodies are O. Mook and L. Seidler.

1. Some peoples have myths about extraordinary atmospheric phenomena.
2. Several meteorite craters have been discovered on the surface of the Earth. On this basis, it can be assumed that large-sized meteorites fell to the Earth in the past.
3. There are interpretations of the Mayan calendar, according to which you can set the date of the fall of the meteorite.

Among the myths, the most famous is the myth of Phaeton, which says that the inhabitants of the northern regions suddenly felt hot, and the inhabitants of the tropics felt cold. But, as Zdeněk Kukal notes, "at least it's safe to assume that a comet once crashed into the Earth and deflected the earth's axis." But, for example, L. Seidler takes this interpretation absolutely seriously.

The same Zdenek Kukal finds traces of a meteorite fall in the water and sundials of the Egyptians and the Maya, noting that at the equator they would show the exact time. Further, he concludes that when the Earth's axis of rotation was tilted differently, Egypt was at the equator. Then the Atlanteans taught the Egyptians and Mayans to make watches.

Capturing the Moon

In 1912, the Austrian engineer Herbiger proposed the "Cosmic Ice Doctrine", according to which the Earth had at least four satellites, the penultimate moon fell to the Earth 22,000 years ago, and 11,500 years ago the Earth captured the Moon, which caused the death of Atlantis. . The moon allegedly pulled the waters of the oceans from the poles to the equator and Atlantis was flooded.

Zdenek Kukal gives the following counter-arguments against the fall of any cosmic body 11,500 years ago into the Atlantic Ocean or the Mediterranean Sea.

1. In the Azores, the Canaries, the Cape Verde Islands, in Iceland, and on the bottom of the Atlantic, there are intact deposits of the Pleistocene and Upper Tertiary period.
2. Magnetic anomalies in the area of ​​the Mid-Atlantic Ridge have no disturbances.
3. There are few lavas in the Atlantic that are younger than 11,500 years old.
4. The relief is logically explained by the expansion of the ocean floor from the median ridge without the involvement of meteorites.
5. There is no increase in the concentration of extraterrestrial materials in the 11,500-year layer.

Everything said about the Atlantic, with minor amendments, applies to the Mediterranean Sea.

I would like to note that all hypotheses of this kind ignore the simple fact that the fall of an asteroid or satellite of a sufficiently large mass to Earth to cause a geological catastrophe would lead to such an increase in temperature that almost all life on Earth (and certainly all intelligent life) would be destroyed. Meteorites of smaller mass could not send a sea island of considerable size to the bottom, which means that some celestial body was unlikely to be the cause of the disaster.

Atlantis in the Mediterranean

Many researchers of Atlantis have come to the conclusion that it is useless to look for Atlantis in the Atlantic Ocean. In search of a suitable place for a developed civilization that fought with the Athenians, they came to the Mediterranean Sea.

In 1854, the Russian scientist, Minister of Education A.S. Norov publishes the book "Investigations about Atlantis". At the beginning of his work, he cites the words of Pliny the Elder that Cyprus once formed a single whole with Syria, and became an island after an earthquake. He refers to the Arab geographer ibn Yakut that once the sea flooded many inhabited lands and even spilled over Greece and Syria. Further Norov proceeds to the analysis of Plato's texts. He believes that the Egyptian priests called the Mediterranean Sea the Atlantic Sea. As proof of this, he speaks of the Atlas Mountains in Barberia, Mount Yuryura near Algiers is the mythical Atlas, supporting the vault of heaven. Giving some more arguments, he concludes that the Mediterranean was once called the Atlantic. He also notices that in the story of Solon, the word “pelagos” is used, and not “oceanos”, which means that it is not about the ocean, but about the sea.

Under the Pillars of Hercules (Hercules) the Greeks of the time of Plato understood Gibraltar, but the Pra-Athenes and Egyptians could, as many atlantologists prove, understand almost any strait! For example, Gibraltar, the Strait of Messina, Cape Malea in the Peloponnese and the island of Kitira, Kitira and the island of Andikitira, the Canary Islands, the walls of the temple near the Gulf of Gabes, the Kerch Strait, the Strait of Bonifacio, even the Nile Delta, etc. Many mountains in Europe also bore the name of Atlas , Asia and Africa. Norov himself understands the Bosporus as the Pillars of Hercules.

One fragment of Plato's texts is very important: “... in one terrible day, all your military strength was swallowed up by the open earth; likewise, Atlantis disappeared, plunging into the abyss. It seems logical enough to me that the Athenian army was not very far from Greece, which means that Atlantis should have been not far.

Suppose that Atlantis was in the Atlantic, and the Greek army also came there. It seems improbable that the pra-Athenes, abandoned by the allies, single-handedly took away the entire territory up to Tirrenia and Egypt, defeated a considerable fleet of the Atlanteans and sailed to Atlantis.

And if Atlantis was located in the Mediterranean Sea, then it could quite easily fall through along with both armies that were fighting somewhere nearby.

“After that, the sea in those places has become unnavigable and inaccessible to this day due to the shallowing caused by the huge amount of silt that the settled island left behind.” In the Atlantic Ocean, obviously, there could not be shallow waters with silt.

The islands of the Mediterranean correspond perfectly to the rest of the details of Plato's text, however, the entire Mediterranean is not as vast as "Libya and Asia put together." But the Central Atlantic is not that big either, so it becomes clear that this is a deliberate and very strong exaggeration.

So

1. The description of nature can be applied to all the islands of the Mediterranean.

2. The color of the stones (white, black, red) and hot springs clearly indicate the presence of volcanic and post-volcanic processes. This is typical of the islands south of Sicily and some of the islands in the Ionian and Aegean Seas. The wealth of metals is typical for the island of Cyprus, Asia Minor, the Iberian Peninsula and the northern coast of Africa.

3. The island rose vertically from the sea, but had a flat space at the top. This is typical for Crete, Sardinia, Corsica.

In 1897, the Russian mineralogist A. N. Karnorzhitsky published the article “Atlantis” in the Scientific Review, in which he placed Atlantis “between Asia Minor, Syria, Libya and Hellas ... and, moreover, near the main western mouth of the Nile (Pillars of Hercules)”. After all, the city of Sais, where the legend of the Atlanteans came from, and the city of Heraclea, founded by Hercules himself, lay very close.

Three years after the publication of Karnorzhitsky's article, Arthur Evans, an outstanding English archaeologist, discovered traces of an ancient civilization on the island of Crete. In March 1900, he began excavations of the city of Knossos, the ancient capital of Crete, and discovered the legendary Labyrinth of King Minos.

The palace consisted of a large number of rooms, its area was 16 thousand square meters. And even while Evans was excavating at Knossos and preparing his book on the palace of Minos for publication, the question arose: had Evans discovered Atlantis?

Crete-Mycenaean civilization

As A. M. Kondratov writes, the main difference between the civilization of Crete and the great civilizations of the Nile, the Tigris and Euphrates, the Indus and the Ganges, the Huang He and the Yangtze is that it was not an agricultural, but a sea power.

Shipbuilding and sailing in the Aegean began in the Aegean 10,000 years ago. During the heyday of Crete, its fleet was the best in the world. Ships from Knossos visited the coasts of Spain, Syria, the Black Sea and the Atlantic Ocean. Merchants of Crete maintained close ties with Egypt and Mesopotamia.

The island of Crete, located in the middle between Europe, Asia and Africa, occupies an excellent strategic position. Aristotle writes in his Politics: “It seems that the island was created in order to rule over Greece. Its location is one of the happiest: the island dominates the entire sea, along the shores of which the Greeks are located ... That is why Minos mastered sea power and conquered the islands from which he made up his colonies.

The civilization of Crete is also distinguished by another characteristic feature: tauromachy - the cult of the sacred bull. Plato also attributed it to the legendary Atlanteans.

January 19, 1909 in the English newspaper "The Times" appeared an anonymous note "Dead Continent", in which Atlantis and Crete were identified. Its author was J. Frost. Four years later, he publishes an article in the Journal of Hellenistic Studies. Professor Frost was also supported by E. Bailey in the book "Sea Lords of Crete". In 1912 D.A. Mackenzie wrote that Plato's Atlantis is Minoan Crete.

E.S. also agreed with this hypothesis. Balch, and A. Rivo.

However, some researchers, for example, Lev Semenovich Berg, believed that the Minoans were only the heirs of the Atlanteans, and Atlantis sank in the Aegean Sea.

Much to prove this hypothesis was made by Jacques-Yves Cousteau, who was looking for traces of the Cretan-Mycenaean civilization at the bottom of the Mediterranean Sea.

Cousteau's research off the coast of Psyra, Dokos and Diya proves that Crete was the ruler of the Eastern Mediterranean, traded with all the peoples of that region. And the study of the underwater "amphora walls" suggested that a powerful state was immediately destroyed by a tsunami wave caused by the explosion of the volcano of Thira, and only after the economic collapse of the Minoan state, the Hellenes who came from the mainland were able to conquer Crete.

Strongile volcano eruption

Between Hellas and Crete lie the Cyclades. Santorini occupies a special place among them. This is the collective name for the islands of Thira, Thirassia, Nea Kaimeni, Palea Kaimeni, Mikra Kaimeni and Aspronisi.

At the end of the last century, the German archaeologist Hiller von Gortringen conducted excavations on Tire and discovered the remains of a large city.

According to scientists, 3500 years ago there was a catastrophic eruption of the Strongile volcano on the single island of Santorini, after which the island split into several parts. In terms of scale, this eruption and its consequences can be compared with the eruption of the Krakatau volcano in Indonesia in 1883, which killed 36,000 people. Gases, vapours, debris, sand and dust then rose up to 70 km and dispersed over an area of ​​827,000 km2, and the sound of explosions was heard in Singapore and Australia. Half an hour after the explosion, a tsunami hit the shores of the nearest islands. The wave caused by the explosion circled the globe. Its speed reached 566 km / h, and the height - 35 meters.

In 1939, the Greek archaeologist Spyridon Marinatos hypothesized that the death of the kingdom of Minos occurred after the eruption of Santorini Volcano. As subsequent studies showed, this hypothesis was brilliantly confirmed. In 1956, Dr. Angelos Gheorghe Galanopoulos realized that Strongile's eruption and explosion had generated a tsunami wave several tens of meters high.

It is possible that it was at this time that the Jews were coming from Egypt and crossed the sea on dry land. According to some Bible commentators, the Jews did not cross the Red Sea, but a bay in the Mediterranean. They crossed it in those few minutes when the water receded from the shore, and the Egyptian soldiers who followed them were covered by a tsunami wave.

Counterarguments against this theory

Contradiction with Plato's clearly indicated location of Atlantis. Mismatch in dates and sizes. The Atlantic Sea is called "the sea that really deserves this name." According to many atlantologists, it means that the Atlantic Sea is an ocean.

Atlantomania and Atlantophobia

The story of Plato is extremely attractive to any person. I really want to believe in the existence of a developed civilization, perhaps not even inferior to the modern one, 12,000 years before our days.

Fanatically believing Plato Atlantomaniacs declared at the Vancouver Congress in 1933: “We will never abandon the idea of ​​Atlantis just to please the geologists and botanists. Atlantis has won a position too honorable in literature to be shaken by tedious scientific arguments. It is useless to have discussions with such people or give them arguments and evidence. They, as noted by the American archaeologist Robert Walkop, "consider themselves citizens of Atlantis and are ready to defend the legendary country to the last drop of blood."

Just like atlantomania, there is also its antipode - atlantophobia. Unfortunately, in our time to touch upon the question of Atlantis in one's serious scientific work means for many to say goodbye to their reputation as a serious scientist. Therefore, many naively believe the question of the existence of Atlantis has long been resolved by modern science in the negative, arguing that Atlantis has never been with the same conviction with which Atlantomaniacs prove that it was.

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Everyone knows that the mysterious island civilization of Atlantis was first mentioned by Plato. According to him, Atlantis existed nine thousand years before the time when the philosopher himself lived, that is, it was an incredibly ancient story. The utopian island kingdom, which had enormous sea power, disappeared underwater in just one day. For many centuries, various writers, historians, scientists and researchers have argued about whether Atlantis existed, and if so, where it could be.

Atlantis - Mid-Atlantic continent that suddenly sank

Until the end of the nineteenth century, the idea that Atlantis could be a real historical site, and not a legend invented by Plato, was practically not raised. In 1882, the writer Ignatius Donnelly, in his book Atlantis: The World Before the Flood, theorized that the scientists of the time were not advanced enough to create all the inventions, so they were most likely handed down by the more advanced civilization of Atlantis. Assuming that the Atlantic Ocean was only a couple of hundred feet deep, Donnelly wrote that Atlantis was flooded exactly where Plato described it. However, modern oceanography has already refuted such a theory, largely due to knowledge about the movement of tectonic plates, but many still believe exactly what Donnelly thought about this.

Atlantis was swallowed up by the Bermuda Triangle

Encouraged by Donnelly's work, many writers began to create their own theories about what might have happened to Atlantis. One of them was Charles Berlitz, who stated in the 1970s that Atlantis was a real continent that was located near the Bahamas. And he suggested that the reason for the disappearance of the continent was the famous Bermuda Triangle, which became the site of the mystical disappearance of a large number of ships.

Atlantis is Antarctica

In his 1958 book, another author, Charles Hapgood, proposed the idea that Atlantis was just a much more impressive version of what is now Antarctica. According to this theory, about 12 thousand years ago there was a massive shift in the earth's crust, which led to the fact that Atlantis was in a completely different position. And a prosperous civilization was doomed to death, as it was buried under a thick layer of ice. This theory appeared a little earlier than the moment when mankind learned the whole truth about the movement of tectonic plates - and this truth completely defeated Hapgood's theory.

Atlantis is a mythical retelling of the Black Sea Flood

This theory suggests that the very existence of Atlantis is a myth, but the story of its sinking was based on real events: a breakthrough of the waters of the Mediterranean Sea into the previously closed Black Sea around 5600 BC. Then the Black Sea was a freshwater lake two times smaller than it is now. This event led to the fact that the peoples who flourished along the shores of the Black Sea were forced to leave their place of residence, spreading news of a terrifying flood, which could become the basis for Plato's later narrative of Atlantis.

Atlantis is the history of the Minoan civilization

One of the more recent theories is about the Minoan civilization, named after the famous king Minos, that flourished between about 2500 and 1600 BC on the Greek islands of Crete and Thira. It is believed that the Minoan civilization was the first great European civilization, whose inhabitants built palaces, paved roads and used writing. And in the heyday of its greatness, this civilization suddenly disappeared from the annals, which made it possible to admit its connection with the famous Atlantis. Historians believe that around 1600 BC, a massive earthquake shook the volcanic island of Thera, causing an incredible eruption. The eruption was followed by a tsunami that was powerful enough to wipe out a large number of Minoan cities, rendering them virtually powerless against incursions from the continent.

Atlantis did not exist - Plato invented it

Most historians and scholars have for years concluded that Plato's story of the lost civilization of Atlantis is a fabrication. The philosopher created Atlantis as his version of an ideal civilization and made it look like a cautionary tale about how the gods punished people for their arrogance. There is no written evidence for the existence of Atlantis other than Plato's records - even among the many surviving texts found in Ancient Greece during Plato's time. Moreover, despite the huge progress in oceanography and mapping of the ocean floor, no traces of a sunken civilization have been found.