Jeanne d'Arc statue in paris. area of ​​the pyramids. Buildings surrounding the historical monument

Yesterday was Jeanne d'Arc's memorial day. Below are the monuments and paintings that met in various cities of France, from where I returned yesterday. I think it's logical to place them in this community, since there is hope that the story of Jeanne will actually be of interest to many and in France it is quite possible to visit a number of places associated with her name.

I was very glad to see that most of the monuments to her are modest. Of course, from the moment of beatification and reckoning to the saints, enough “sacred” images appeared, but at the same time, after getting acquainted with her life, it is impossible to imagine any other monument, except for very simple ones.

Notre-Dame de Paris

2. Rouen. Cathedral. A very simple altar.

4. Rouen seems to be very fond of making faience. The theme of Joan of Arc did not escape him either, although here she is depicted in some kind of cartoon form. In addition, of course, everything that is possible and impossible is trying to be called by her name, although, it seems to me, it is possible to resist well.

5. Wall of Rouen Cathedral. It also has a "Historial", a multimedia museum attached to it, but it is said to contain mainly films in French (translation available). There is supposedly something else on the Place du Vieux-Marche, but it is not clear where.

6. Place du Vieux-Marche - the place where Joan of Arc was burned. Now there is a modern church, a high memorial cross (without inscriptions) and this simple sculpture. A small flower garden is now laid out at the place of execution.

7. The church was supposed to resemble flames, it has a peculiar shape.

8. Inside the Church of Joan of Arc

10. Notre Dame de Paris.

11. Orleans. Away from the station there is the Paroisse Saint Paterne church, where a) there are absolutely no tourists and, as a result, no tourist tinsel and even alms boxes and b) its own statue of Joan of Arc.

12. Next to her are signs with thanks.

13. Orleans is a very bright city. This is a heel on the pavement, which are used there instead of painted road markings. I can’t be one hundred percent sure that this is also Jeanne, but the style of the city (with Jeanne d’Arc Street and everything that can be named after Jeanne d’Arc) does not leave much choice.

14. Statue in Martroi Square. (Denis Foyatier)

18. Modern reconstruction of the house where Jeanne lived for some time during the events in Orleans. Unfortunately, the multimedia that is shown there, they say, is poor. This is generally such a disaster: the stronger the image, the worse it is reproduced.

19. Church of the Miracles of the Virgin Mary (modern building on the old site). There Jeanne prayed after the lifting of the siege of Orleans.

20. Iconography

21. A simple altar

22. Peculiar frescoes

24. Orleans Cathedral, of course, also did not bypass the theme of Jeanne. In general, it seems that the whole city is one big monument.

26. One of the stained-glass windows of the cathedral, where the biography of Joan of Arc is embodied. Alas, postcards from the cathedral are so-so and do not really convey the whole effect.

27. Monument in the Cathedral of Orleans

28. Bas-reliefs of the lower part of the altar / monument in the Cathedral of Orleans

30. Former city hall, Hotel Groslot. A 19th-century statue that was damaged in the 1944 battles for the liberation of Orleans.

33. In Groslot there is a “Room of Joan of Arc.” On the wall is a copy of the painting by Ingres, for some reason in different armor.

36. Orleans Museum of Fine Arts. Jean-Jacques SCHERRER, 1887.

38. Of course, cafes, etc. actively use the name.

39. In the parking lot directly under the statue are the old gates of Orleans, through which she entered the city. No signs, no signs, thanks to the attentive people on tripadvisor.

40. Louvre.

41. Jeanne at Domremy, Musée d'Orsay.

Thank you for your attention.

Yesterday was Jeanne d'Arc's memorial day. Below are the monuments and paintings that met in various cities of France, from where I returned yesterday. I think it's logical to place them in this community, since there is hope that the story of Jeanne will actually be of interest to many and in France it is quite possible to visit a number of places associated with her name.

I was very glad to see that most of the monuments to her are modest. Of course, from the moment of beatification and reckoning to the saints, enough "sacred" images appeared, but at the same time, after getting acquainted with her life, it is impossible to imagine any other monument, except for very simple ones.

// tsukasa.livejournal.com

Notre-Dame de Paris

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Rouen. Cathedral. A very simple altar.

// tsukasa.livejournal.com

// tsukasa.livejournal.com

Rouen seems to be very fond of making faience. The theme of Joan of Arc did not escape him either, although here she is depicted in some kind of cartoon form. In addition, of course, everything that is possible and impossible is trying to be called by her name, although, it seems to me, it is possible to resist well.

// tsukasa.livejournal.com

Wall of Rouen Cathedral. It also has a "Historial", a multimedia museum attached to it, but it is said to contain mainly films in French (translation available). There is supposedly something else on the Place du Vieux-Marche, but it is not clear where.

// tsukasa.livejournal.com

Place du Vieux-Marche is the place where Joan of Arc was burned. Now there is a modern church, a high memorial cross (without inscriptions) and this simple sculpture. A small flower garden is now laid out at the place of execution.

// tsukasa.livejournal.com

The church was supposed to resemble flames, it has a peculiar shape.

// tsukasa.livejournal.com

Inside the Church of Joan of Arc

// tsukasa.livejournal.com

// tsukasa.livejournal.com

Notre Dame de Paris.

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Orleans. Away from the station there is the Paroisse Saint Paterne church, where a) there are absolutely no tourists and, as a result, no tourist tinsel and even alms boxes and b) its own statue of Joan of Arc.

// tsukasa.livejournal.com

Thank you signs next to it.

// tsukasa.livejournal.com

Orleans is a very bright city. This is a heel on the pavement, which are used there instead of painted road markings. I can’t be one hundred percent sure that this is also Jeanne, but the style of the city (with Jeanne d’Arc Street and everything that can be named after Jeanne d’Arc) does not leave much choice.

// tsukasa.livejournal.com

Statue in Martroi square. (Denis Foyatier)

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Church of the Miracles of the Virgin Mary (modern building on the old site). There Jeanne prayed after the lifting of the siege of Orleans.

// tsukasa.livejournal.com

Iconography

// tsukasa.livejournal.com

A simple altar

// tsukasa.livejournal.com

Peculiar frescoes

// tsukasa.livejournal.com

// tsukasa.livejournal.com

Orleans Cathedral, of course, also did not bypass the theme of Jeanne. In general, it seems that the whole city is one big monument.

// tsukasa.livejournal.com

// tsukasa.livejournal.com

26. One of the stained-glass windows of the cathedral, where the biography of Joan of Arc is embodied. Alas, postcards from the cathedral are so-so and do not really convey the whole effect.

// tsukasa.livejournal.com

Monument in the Cathedral of Orleans

// tsukasa.livejournal.com

Bas-reliefs of the lower part of the altar / monument in the Cathedral of Orleans

// tsukasa.livejournal.com

// tsukasa.livejournal.com

Former City Hall, Hotel Groslot. A 19th-century statue that was damaged in the 1944 battles for the liberation of Orleans.

// tsukasa.livejournal.com

// tsukasa.livejournal.com

The French especially love to sing of their national heroes. The gilded statue of Joan of Arc in Paris is a vivid proof of this. Sparkling in the sun or in the light of evening lanterns, this statue reminds passing observers of the equally bright, but tragic fate of a young French woman of the 15th century. Although there are various monuments to Joan of Arc in Paris and many other cities in France, the statue in the Place des Pyramides near the Louvre is the most famous and impressive.

The life and death of a famous Frenchwoman

It is believed that Joan of Arc was born in 1412 in the village of Domremy during the Hundred Years War between England and France. At the age of 17, Jeanne became the leader of the French army. In April 1429, the military detachment of Joan of Arc liberated Orleans, for which she received the nickname of the Maid of Orleans. Over the following months, the troops under her command scored numerous victories against the British.

In May 1430, as a result of a betrayal, she was captured by the British. A year later, Joan of Arc was convicted of heresy and wearing male clothes and sentenced to be burned at the stake in Rouen. A few decades later, her trial was declared illegal, and in 1920 the Catholic Church canonized the Frenchwoman as a saint.

History of the statue in the Pyramid Square

An equestrian statue of Joan of Arc was placed in the Place des Pyramides in 1874. This place was not chosen by chance, since it is believed that Jeanne was seriously wounded here in the battle for Paris. Emanuel Framier, a well-known sculptor of that time, worked on the creation of the statue. The pedestal was designed by the architect Paul Abadi.

As a model, the sculptor chose Aimee Girod, a girl from the village of Domremy, the birthplace of Joan of Arc. The master sought to convey in his work the extraordinary determination and fearlessness of the national heroine.

But, it is obvious that the sculptor was not quite familiar with the laws of optical perception. Since the figure of the rider seemed too small to the observer from below in relation to the horse. In this regard, the bronze "Jeanne" was subsequently made larger.

Some critics believe that this monument is not the best depiction of the Maid of Orleans. But the most popular. Thanks to its convenient location near the Louvre and its golden radiance, the statue on the Pyramid Square is a favorite attraction for thousands of visitors to Paris. And various political movements annually organize patriotic rallies near the monument.

How to get there

Early in the morning we left Honfleur, planning to see ancient Rouen during the day, and in the evening to visit the Claude Monet house-museum in Giverny. I planned 4 hours to visit Rouen. Basically, you can spend the whole day there. But we didn’t want to go to museums, we didn’t want to see all the sights, our desire was to get acquainted with the architecture, feel the atmosphere of one of the key cities in France and move on.

The plans were not fully realized, but more on that later.
In France, rich in historical events and outstanding cities, Rouen occupies an important place.
Rouen originated in the time of the ancient Romans near the stone bridge built across the Seine. The fact is that only in this place it was technologically possible to build a bridge connecting the banks of the river. Constant tides made it possible to reach here even heavy ships, which contributed to the economic and cultural development of the city.

During the Middle Ages, Rouen was one of the largest and most prosperous centers in Europe. The city was one of the capitals of the powerful Anglo-Norman dynasty, which ruled both England and most of modern France for four centuries - from the 11th to the 15th century. In Rouen, William the Conqueror died in 1087, in Rouen, Joan of Arc, idolized by the French, was burned at the stake in 1431.

Jeanne at Notre Dame. Rouen

Today Rouen is the historical capital of Normandy and the fifth largest port in France. Just like in Paris, the Seine divides the city into two parts: Rive Gauche (left bank) and Rive Droit (right bank). The old city is on the right bank. We parked on the promenade on the left bank where free parking was allowed.

Rouen. Seine

My impression of Rouen - from complete rejection - a lot of clochards and "come in large numbers", some miserable modern houses, a wild flea, reminiscent of the sale of rubbish to the poor, to complete delight - huge quarters of medieval half-timbered houses, or bourgeois streets and squares, cathedrals of amazing beauty. A very controversial city.

In Rouen, one of the best cathedrals I have seen in my life is Notre Dame. Photos do not convey its airiness and delicacy. It's a pity. This is the case when you need to see. The same Impressionists painted the cathedral endlessly. During the war, stained glass windows were badly damaged. Too sorry. Very.

Notre-Dame Cathedral (La Cathedrale Notre-Dame) was built in the 12th century; in its choir part, the heart of Richard the Lionheart, King of England and Duke of Normandy, is buried. This is the cathedral with the tallest spire in all of France. This fact is funny - on the south side of the Church of Notre Dame is the Oil Tower. It was named so because funds received from grateful citizens who were allowed to eat butter during fasting were invested in its construction. Like this.

Not far from the cathedral is the Church of Saint-Maclou (Eglise Saint-Maclou), also a very beautiful building. Unfortunately, the facade did not "fit" into the camera.

Built since 1437, the saint's church is a masterpiece of flamboyant gothic style. The doors of the 16th-century main entrance are decorated with biblical carvings. The Church of Saint Maclou is located next to the antique dealers' quarter, where some of the most beautiful half-timbered houses of Rouen are located. By the way, pay attention, As a rule, the upper floors of half-timbered houses are slightly wider than the lower ones. This is done so that rainwater does not spoil the beams at the base of the house.

Rouen. Fachwerk part

Behind the temple is a garden (gardens of the Hotel de Ville). Very symbolically, cherry blossoms accompanied us all the way. Whole 2 weeks! And that night, all the cherry blossoms fell. And so the pink snow lay in the garden behind the Saint-Ouen church, hinting to us that all good things come to an end, and soon home ...

Rouen. pink snow sakura

And the street is here, in this district with the "right" houses.

The symbol of the city is also the Le Gros-Horloge tower with a clock tower, the clock mechanism of which, by the way, worked without a single breakdown from the 14th century until 1928. This is the second tower clock in the world. The first were installed in the English city of Salisbury. And another curious fact: the clock has only an hour hand. Minutes during the Middle Ages were of no particular interest to anyone. Good times! Currently, the clock is powered by an electric motor. But all internal and external parts remained the same.

Rouen. Le Gros-Horloge. Bottom view

Rouen. Church of Joan of Arc

Continuing the theme of Jeanne d "Arc, there is also a tower where Jeanne was kept in captivity. Surprisingly, she survived. Nearby is a monument to those who died in the war. Flowers, an eternal flame ...

Rouen. In the museum.

Here it is, the territory of the museum.

What struck me the most about Rouen was the already mentioned mixture of beauty and slovenliness. My husband did not like the city. I was fascinated. Even the "new" part of the right bank is good, right! look

Rouen. Part almost new, bourgeois

Very, very modern Rouen

Rouen has two metro lines and three TEOR (Transport Est-Ouest Rouennais) lines - T1, T2, T3, which connect the city center with suburban areas on both banks of the Seine. We didn't use them.

And here is a map of the central part of the city, quite detailed, use:
Rouen map:

Monument to Joan of Arc in Domremy-la-Pucelle Joan of Arc - the famous Virgin of Orleans - was born into an ordinary poor peasant family, in the town of Domremy. This happened in 1412 - on Christmas night on January 6th. There is a legend that in Domremy at dawn the roosters woke up the villagers with an unusual amazing cry, announcing a new joy. However, this is just […]

- the famous Virgin of Orleans - was born in an ordinary poor peasant family, in the town Domremy. This happened in 1412 - on Christmas night on January 6th. There is a legend that in Domremy at dawn the roosters woke up the villagers with an unusual amazing cry, announcing a new joy. However, this is just a legend - documentary chronicles of such an event do not exist.

Jeanne lived with her parents and two brothers. The Hundred Years War was on. Times were hard for France. Legitimate heir to the throne - Dauphin Charles VII- the future king - was removed from power. The ruler of France under the treaty in Troyes became Henry V- English king. In fact, the French state joined England. The queen was blamed for this Isabella of Bavaria. A prophecy spread among the people, promising: if a woman ruined France, then the Virgin would save her.

According to the memoirs of Zhanna herself, at the age of 12 she had a vision. A radiant cloud arose, from which the voice of the King of Heaven was heard. He called her the chosen one and ordered to act - to go and lift the siege from the city of Orleans. The voices began to appear to Jeanne every day. She was visited by visions of the saints - the Archangel Michael, Catherine and Margarita.

On March 6, 1429, a young girl in a man's dress came to Chinon Castle and obtained an audience with Charles VII. She managed to convince the Dauphin, and she was entrusted with a military detachment. This detachment, under her leadership, inflicted several crushing blows on the British. The siege was lifted. It took Jeanne's detachment nine days to liberate Orleans. The date of liberation of the city is 05/08/1429. In Orleans, this day has been dedicated to Joan of Arc for many centuries.

Napoleon Bonaparte, who was well versed in combat strategies, admitted that Joan was a military genius.

After the lifting of the siege of Orleans, disputes began in the Royal Council. Jeanne convinced everyone of the need to march on Reims in order to crown Charles VII. This would be the de facto declaration of French independence. The courtiers objected, but Jeanne managed to convince the Council. The campaign was successful, the release of Troyes decided the outcome of the company. The army of the Maid of Orleans traveled three hundred kilometers in three weeks.

Joan of Arc at the coronation of Charles VII (Dominique Ingres, 1780-1867)

The coronation took place in Reims Cathedral on 17 July. Jeanne was also present with a military banner in her hands.

In August, the royal army tried to take Paris but was defeated. The newly minted king behaved strangely. Instead of another offensive, he concluded a truce with the Burgundians. January 21, 1930 the army was disbanded. Jeanne's detachment continued to fight, but began to suffer defeat - one after another. When trying to liberate Compiègne, on May 23, 1430, the detachment was captured by the Burgundians during a sortie. Six months later, they handed Jeanne over to the British. All this time she was waiting for help from the French government - but in vain.

So Jeanne was in English captivity. She was eighteen years old. There were rumors that the close associates of Charles VII, for whom she fought, had betrayed the girl.

The tower in Rouen where Joan of Arc was imprisoned.

In Rouen, she was kept in a cage in the basement of the Bouvray castle, then transferred to a cell. She was kept there, chained to the wall. The process began in January 1431. The Inquisition charged Jeanne d'Arc on twelve counts. In the life of the Maiden of Orleans, a struggle began with new weapons and other opponents. 132 members of the tribunal opposed it. Every day she was asked dozens of questions. She was accused of wearing a man's dress, and of visions - supposedly diabolical, and of seducing the king. The main accusation was her refusal to submit to the mainstream church.

In Paris, at the same time, Henry VI was declared the monarch of France and England. Therefore, the court in Rouen had to prove that Charles VII was elevated to the throne by an impious heretic and sorceress.

Nevertheless, they decided to refuse torture. For Jeanne, they came up with and wrote down the "formula" of renunciation - the refusal to wear men's clothing and prophetic visions. Under pain of death, the girl signed the protocol of renunciation. She was sentenced to life imprisonment, transferred to an old cell and again shackled. Later, in prison, a man's dress was planted on her. It was a provocation.

Perhaps Jeanne was forced to put on this costume again, or maybe she did it voluntarily - but in the eyes of the churchmen this meant a return to heresy. After that, Jeanne declared that she was refusing her renunciation, that she was ashamed of her apostasy and betrayal of her own ideals.

The Tribunal signed the decision to extradite her to the secular authorities.

In 1431, at dawn on May 30, Joan of Arc, dressed in a long dress and cap, was taken out of prison and put into a wagon.

The bonfire in the Rouen marketplace burned for several hours. When it was finally over, Jeanne's executioner came to the Dominican monastery. He repented and wept. The executioner said that Jeanne's heart did not burn out even after he collected coals around it several times. Then he put everything that was left in a bag and threw Jeanne's heart into the Seine.

Twenty-five years later, a new process took place. It heard 115 witnesses. Jeanne was rehabilitated, she was recognized as a national heroine. In 1920, the Roman Church proclaimed Jeanne a saint. Her mission to save France was recognized as true.

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