What types of sports tourism are developing in Buryatia. Geography of tourism in the Republic of Buryatia. The main countries from which tourists come to Buryatia

Buryatia, due to its geographical location, rich history and unique natural resources, is ideal for tourism. Buryatia has everything for the development of tourism: impressive natural sites, rich cultural heritage, interesting national and ecological traditions, and a variety of tourist routes - horseback, hiking, water, mountain. Everyone notes the exceptional originality of the main natural object of the region - Baikal. The climate on Baikal is special, its main peculiarity is a huge mass of pure water. In Baikal, summers are not very hot, and winters are milder than in the continental part. In terms of the number of days a year in the Baikal region, it surpasses even the resorts of the South of Russia.

The Republic of Buryatia has a recreational potential, the full use of which can largely satisfy the need for sanatorium treatment, tourism and recreation of the population of the republic itself, as well as in other regions of Russia, the CIS, as well as foreign tourists from Asia, Europe, America. This is a sufficient prerequisite for the creation of a highly profitable tourist and recreational complex in Buryatia as one of the promising sectors for the development of the republic's economy. The uniqueness of the ecosystem of Lake Baikal and the natural and cultural landscapes of its basin, which meet all the criteria of a World Heritage Site, creates broad prospects for the development of the recreational sector of the economy.

There are 3 reserves in Buryatia: Barguzinsky, Baikalsky, Dzherginsky and two national parks - Zabaikalsky and Tunkinsky. The main tourist attractions of the republic are concentrated in three geographical areas: Northern Baikal, Podlemorye and Tunka. The most promising for the development of tourism are the Pribaikalsky, Barguzinsky, Kurumkansky, Kabansky, Kyakhtinsky, Tunkinsky and Okinsky regions.

The Republic of Buryatia has unique opportunities for developing a network of rest houses and sanatoriums. This is facilitated by the richest nature of Lake Baikal and the presence of multiple natural healing sources that contribute to the treatment of diseases of the musculoskeletal system, gastrointestinal tract, and cardiovascular system.

On the territory of the Republic of Buryatia, there are 35 tourist enterprises with a license to conduct international tourism activities (12 of them received licenses in 2001), 5 sanatorium and resort institutions, 270 tourist accommodation facilities providing various services, incl. hotels, camp sites, recreation centers, boarding houses, sanatoriums, houses of a fisherman and a hunter, etc.

The nature of the republic gave people more than three hundred healing springs, which are called arshans, which means “healing water”, “drink of the gods”. In the Eastern Sayans, carbonic, thermal and cold waters are developed. Within the Baikal rift, nitrogen-silica hot springs are common, containing radon and hydrogen sulfide, in addition, there are cold sulfide and ferruginous waters in the region. The accommodation conditions at the resorts are very different: individual cottages, hotel-type bedroom buildings, individual summer houses, tent camps. The most famous health resorts in Buryatia are the sanatoriums Arshan, Sayany, Goryachinsk, and Baikalsky Bor.

State natural reserves are territories (water areas) that are of particular importance for the conservation, restoration of natural complexes or their components and maintaining the ecological balance.

As of January 1, 2002, in the Republic of Buryatia there are 3 state natural reserves of federal significance - Altacheysky, Kabansky, Frolikhinsky (with a total area of ​​181.3 thousand hectares; the Kabansky state nature reserve is a structural subdivision of the Baikal State Natural Biosphere Reserve), 17 regional reserves values ​​(with a total area of ​​884.8 thousand hectares).

The reserves of Buryatia do not have a zoning regime, with the exception of the Pribaikalsky reserve, in which the zoning of the territory was carried out in accordance with the TACIS program "Natural Resource Management in the Lake Baikal Region" in 1999.

Monuments of nature - unique, irreplaceable, valuable in ecological, scientific and aesthetic terms, natural complexes, as well as objects of natural and artificial origin.

In the Republic of Buryatia, 266 natural monuments have been identified (for 93 of them there are resolutions of the Government of the Republic of Belarus): 19 landscape, 82 geological, 111 water, 25 botanical, 9 zoological, 20 natural and historical.

The Main Directorate of Natural Resources and Environmental Protection of the Ministry of Natural Resources of Russia for the Republic of Buryatia is considering documents on the organization of two botanical monuments of regional significance "Relic grove of Japanese elm" in the Baikal region (village of Tataurovo, village of Mostovka).

In the structure of the tourist flow, domestic tourism is more than 80%, inbound tourism 13%, outbound 7%. The ratio of types of tourism indicates the predominant development of domestic tourism, which is a positive factor, amounted to 186,729 people, including domestic tourism - 165,404, inbound tourism - 21,296 people, tourism and sanatorium-resort resources of the republic, issues are being worked out to create information (visit) centers in the regions of Buryatia.

The promotion of the tourist product of Buryatia in the professional tourist markets contributes to the development of international relations, attracting investment resources not only to the tourism sector, but also to other promising sectors of the economy, the development of promising enterprises and projects, which ultimately leads to an increase in tourist flow to the republic.

There are positive changes in the field of development planning and organization of tourism at the local level, which is a factor that increases the manageability of the industry and reduces the negative economic, environmental, socio-cultural results of uncontrolled tourism development. Programs and development plans have been prepared and are being prepared in the Kabansky, Barguzinsky, Tunkinsky, Okinsky, Pribaikalsky, Muysky districts, municipal tourist enterprises and sanatorium-resort associations have been organized in the Tunkinsky, Kurumkansky, Severobaikalsky districts.

Work has begun on creating a mechanism for managing and protecting the resources of territories actively used for tourism, recreation and treatment. The concept of tourism development in the Republic of Buryatia for the period up to 2010 was approved. The materials necessary for granting the status of specially protected natural areas of local importance to areas with valuable medical, health and recreational resources suitable for organizing tourism and recreation are under preparation.

The revival of domestic tourism is also evidenced by the fact that since the beginning of 1999 the railway has served, according to republican departments, about 200 thousand people who went on vacation through Buryatia.

The Republic of Buryatia has the richest historical and cultural heritage. Peoples with different historical past and cultural traditions live in the republic. The combination of at least two types of cultural mutual influences (Mongol-Buryat and Slavic-Russian), as well as two religions (Buddhism and Christianity) determines the uniqueness of these places, the originality of culture, as well as cultural and historical values.

Monuments of outstanding significance or especially characteristic of the architecture of the region, which are of interest for cultural and educational use (museums, exhibitions, guided tours), - datsans, churches, temple complexes, monasteries, buildings associated with memorable historical events and persons, etc. are in extremely poor or disrepair condition. For this group of monuments, there are practically no other opportunities to attract significant one-time investments for conservation and restoration, except for state and local budgetary support with the participation of communities of believers, as well as individual users for a number of objects.

Require reconstruction of buildings intended for commercial purposes (hotels, shopping malls, shops), and buildings, the purpose of which does not contradict commercial tourist use (residential buildings, estate complexes, outbuildings). For this group of monuments, along with budgetary support, it is necessary to organize private investment financing.

It is required to carry out research ahead of archaeological work on historical and cultural monuments subject to restoration at sites of reconstruction and new construction in the historical zones of cities, rural settlements, on the routes of historical roads.

There is an acute issue of developing a network of craft houses, art schools, and workshops; wider involvement in the training of adolescents, pensioners, migrants, demobilized military personnel; participation in the teaching of craftsmen who own the production techniques characteristic of the given territory. It is necessary to expand and develop home-based work, to provide assistance to craftsmen in providing materials and equipment.

The need to overcome the economic crisis by implementing specific tourism development programs for each region is associated with the peculiarities of the current period of market formation in the country, and in particular, with the ability to manage and finance program activities and the subsequent distribution of tourism revenue to address the pressing problems of the region's population and further development.

At present, the following tasks should be set before the republican tourism management bodies:

• · development and adoption of a tourism development program that does not contradict the Federal Program;
• · Development and adoption of a new law on tourism in the Republic of Belarus;
• · promotion of the republic's image;
• · development of a system of regional and local programs of tourism projects with the allocation of priority for each area of ​​promising types of tourism activities;
• streamlining property relations in the field of tourism, taking into account the peculiarities of tourism activities;
• · integration of the region into the system of the Russian and world tourism market and participation in international cooperation in tourism;
• · Creation of a modern differentiated tourist market based on the development of competition, specialization and cooperation in the work of tourist organizations of all forms of ownership;
• · stimulating the development of tourism infrastructure by attracting extrabudgetary sources (including foreign investment);
• · implementation in the republic of the concept of sustainable development in tourism as an economically safe form of using natural and cultural resources;
• · creation of a republican system of training, retraining and advanced training of tourist personnel that meets modern conditions;
• · development of regulations on the coordinating center for personnel training, information and statistical support, marketing and sociological research; regulations on advertising for travel agencies; regulations on guides and guide-interpreters;
• · Assistance in the development and implementation of progressive technologies of tourist services in the republican market;
• · formation of a system of advertising and information support for the tourism industry of the republic;
• Support for social and especially children's tourism;
• · targeted use of funds coming to the budget from enterprises of the tourism and excursion industry;
• · development of a system of statistical reporting on the types of tourism activities and related sectors of the economy of the republic;
• · efficient use, maintenance and restoration of recreational resources of the republic (introduction of additional fees and charges for the use of recreational resources);
• · Ensuring sufficient attractiveness of the tourist complex and the tourist potential of the region as a sphere of active international entrepreneurship and business cooperation;
• · providing favorable conditions for small businesses that can develop without attracting public funds;
• · expansion of a network of hotels of different categories (with parks, beaches, etc.), including a network of small hotels;
• · expansion of hunting and fishing areas (with the possibility of equipment rental, etc.);
• · Organization of recreation centers, youth centers, campsites, tourist centers.

Based on the analysis, it should be noted that the potential of the analyzed territories allows developing the necessary systems of cultural, trade, food, production and sale of handicrafts and tourist accommodation facilities in historical centers and other actively visited areas of historical cities and villages, but this requires reconstruction , modernization and restructuring of the existing material base of tourism, administrative, cultural and business facilities, housing and related social facilities, household and industrial facilities.

To expand the geography of tourist trips, it is necessary to develop routes (tours) based on a fuller use of the outstanding historical, cultural and natural potential of the region, which will be able to meet the needs of domestic and foreign citizens with different income levels and spiritual needs (cognitive, business, religious, scientific and educational, environmental, sports and recreational, equestrian, specialized in interests).

According to world experience, the catalyst for the development of tourism in similar territories can be the organization of cultural projects, festivals, holidays, congresses, exhibitions, competitions.

The task of preserving and consolidating, stabilizing the tourism sector involves reaching the pre-existing flow parameters (1991), but at a qualitatively new level; creating conditions for the further development of tourism, mainly by improving the reconstruction and functional restructuring of the existing base at the same time as changing its structure, including through the new construction of hotels, tourist villages, club hotels, motels and campsites on the main route routes.

The Republic of Buryatia is an autonomous republic, a constituent entity of the Russian Federation, part of the Siberian Federal District, founded on May 30, 1923. The capital is Ulan-Ude. The area of ​​the Republic of Buryatia is 351.3 thousand sq. km. The Republic from the north and west (along the waters of Lake Baikal) borders on the Irkutsk region, in the extreme west at a relatively short distance lies the border with the Republic of Tyva, in the south there is a state border with Mongolia, in the east - the border with the Trans-Baikal Territory.

Buryatia is located in the central part of Asia. This is an amazing and beautiful land of mountains and steppes, full-flowing rivers and numerous lakes, endless taiga and green valleys. It is located in the depths of the mainland, far from the seas and oceans, has a contrasting climate, combining cold winters and hot summers. The climate of Buryatia is useful due to the abundance of sunlight, dry air and low cloudiness.

The development of the tourist and recreational complex of the Republic of Buryatia is based on a large recreational potential, one of the components of which is the natural, historical and cultural resources of tourism. The distribution areas of the maximum and high potential of tourism resources occupy 45.6% of the total area of ​​the republic. At the same time, the largest resources are located within the boundaries of 14 administrative units (the coastal zone of Lake Baikal - Barguzinsky, Kabansky, Pribaikalsky, Severo-Baikalsky districts, the city of Severobaikalsk; mountain and resort areas - Tunkinsky, Okinsky, Kurumkansky; historical and cultural areas - the city of Severobaikalsk; Ulan-Ude, Kyakhta, Mukhorshibirsky, Tarbagataisky, Ivolginsky, Khorinsky districts). In the Republic of Buryatia, several main zones of mass tourism and recreation have developed, including: lakes Kotokel and Shchuchye; coast of Lake Baikal in the areas of Posolsky Sor, a section from the delta of the river. Selengi to the village. District of the Kabansky district, as well as from the village. Gremyachinsk, Pribaikalsky district, to the Maksimikha tourist center in the Barguzinsky district; the territories of the state national parks "Zabaikalsky" and "Tunkinsky"; several territories in the North-Baikal region (Khakusy Bay, Lake Frolikha, Davsha, Yarki Spit, Lake Slyudyanskoe). The territories of the Khamar-Daban mountain ranges (Sable Lake, Tagley Lake, Snezhnaya River), Eastern Sayan, Barguzinsky and Baikal Ranges.

The tourism market of Buryatia is characterized by positive dynamics.

For the period 2006-2010. the total tourist flow increased by 2.8 times, and the volume of paid services provided in the tourism sector increased by 2.3 times. According to Expert RA, Buryatia has risen from 45th place in 2006 to 14th place in 2010 in terms of tourism potential and occupies a leading position among the regions of the Far East and Transbaikalia in terms of growth rates of key indicators.

In 2010, the number of tourist arrivals amounted to 471.2 thousand people, which is 30.4% more than in 2009. The volume of paid services provided to tourists in 2010 amounted to 1,302.3 million rubles. and increased compared to 2009 by 21.8%.

The geography of inbound tourism is extensive and covers 61 countries. The number of foreign citizens who visited the republic in 2010 amounted to 22.2 thousand people. The share of countries in the Asia-Pacific region is 53.3%, Europe - 18.1%, USA - 4.4%.

According to statistics, the number of tourist arrivals in the Republic of Buryatia for the 1st half of 2011 amounted to 225.4 thousand people, which is 16.1% more than in the same period last year, the volume of paid services provided to tourists was 533.4 million .rub., which is 24% more than in the 1st half of 2010.

There are 27 tour operators in the tourist market of Buryatia, 10 of which operate in accordance with the Agreement between the Government of the Russian Federation and the Government of the People's Republic of China on visa-free group tourist trips, 39 travel agencies, 4 professional public organizations (Buryat regional organization of the Russian Union of Tourism Industry, Non-profit Partnership Buryat Tourist Alliance, Baikal branch of the Russian Hotel Association, Buryat Association of Hoteliers). There are 411 collective accommodation facilities (CFR) for tourists in the republic with a total capacity of 13,198 beds. 2 hotels are rated 4 stars. The structure of the CSR includes 100 hotels, 226 boarding houses, tourist centers and rest houses, 11 sanatorium-and-spa institutions, 74 guest houses. In 2010, 45 collective accommodation facilities were introduced, of which: 7 tourist centers, recreation centers, 3 hotels, the remaining 35 KSR are guest houses and mini-hotels of various capacities. Large objects: guest house "Syndbad" in the village. Ust-Barguzin, Barguzinsky district (50 beds), tourist complex "Dalan" in the Yeravninsky district (80 beds), hotel "Princess Christina" in the village. Arshan, Tunkinsky district (96 places). 1/3 of the introduced accommodation facilities are mini-hotels in Ulan-Ude. In the first half of 2011, 11 mini-hotels for 198 beds were put into operation in Ulan-Ude.

Tourism destinations associated with international tourism are gradually being formed on the territory of the republic. Such directions are the direction along the "Tea Road" (China, Mongolia, Russia), and along the route Baikal-Khubsugul (Mongolia).

The greatest activity of the domestic and inbound tourism market is observed in the summer period, which gives the tourism of the Republic of Buryatia a pronounced seasonal character. Outbound tourism market activity is also subject to fluctuations, however, it is more stable.

In the first half of 2011, 11 mini-hotels for 198 beds were put into operation in Ulan-Ude. Tourism destinations associated with international tourism are gradually being formed on the territory of the republic. Such directions are the direction along the "Tea Road" (China, Mongolia, Russia), and along the route Baikal-Khubsugul (Mongolia). The greatest activity of the domestic and inbound tourism market is observed in the summer period, which gives the tourism of the Republic of Buryatia a pronounced seasonal character. Outbound tourism market activity is also subject to fluctuations, however, it is more stable.

Table 1 - Tourism statistics in the Republic of Buryatia

The following main trends prevail in the local market:

• - Rapid increase in demand for accurate and complete tourist information. The need of tourists for information is very little satisfied by sources of information in the tourism sector itself. More than 80% of tourists receive information from acquaintances, friends and relatives, 20% from the media and tourist advertising;
• - growing demand for comfortable tourist accommodation facilities.

Comfortable tourist bases (recreation centers) are in the greatest demand among tourists - 26.8%; separate cottages - 22.6%; small and medium hotels with a full range of services - 18.7%. A popular means of accommodation in active and camping tourism are tents 18.9%.

Sanatoriums are somewhat less in demand - 15.7%, comfortable large hotel complexes - 12.1% are even less in demand. The demand for alternative rural tourism accommodation services is 9.9%, which is a market reaction to these proposals, as well as a consequence of the lack of free places in the summer;

• - stable demand for winter holidays. 69.9% of tourists are positive about the possibility of winter tourism. This is facilitated by an increase in the number of holidays in the winter. At the same time, the market for off-season and winter tourism in the republic is not developed, which is due both to the lack of winter accommodation facilities;
• - a fairly high demand for family vacations. 29% of tourists prefer to relax with children, 27.1% - with relatives. At the same time, the number of proposals for organizing family tourism is limited;
• - the growing demand for more diverse tourist programs, combined tours, as well as holidays that include various types of tourist activities.

The tourism infrastructure includes a set of objects of heat and power, gas supply, water supply, sewerage and waste disposal, telecommunications, and road infrastructure. A significant part of these infrastructure units belongs to public infrastructure and is used for tourism purposes in parallel with other uses. At the same time, the tourism sector also creates its own internal special infrastructure, which includes access roads on the territories of tourism facilities, as well as hiking trails and paths, autonomous sewage and disposal systems, separate networks and energy facilities, telecommunications.

Public infrastructure in the Republic includes a number of objects with different characteristics:

Systems of heat and power supply, water supply, sewerage and disposal function mainly in settlements, primarily in cities. The gas supply infrastructure is not yet developed. At the same time, in the areas of tourism and recreation, these systems are not developed, or do not exist at all.

Telecommunication systems, including television broadcasting and radio broadcasting, are distributed to most regions of the republic, however, in tourism and recreation areas, the signal is often not stable enough, which makes it impossible to use receiving devices. Satellite and radio communication systems are also underdeveloped.

The road network of the Republic of Buryatia has few paved roads. Basically, paved roads connect the city of Ulan-Ude with regional centers, as well as with the cities of Irkutsk, Kyakhta. At the same time, in some areas (Barguzinsky, Pribaikalsky, Yeravninsky, Okinsky districts) there are sections of dirt roads, which worsens the conditions for the movement of cars and tourist buses. The road network is not developed, or there are few paved roads in tourism and recreation areas (Zabaikalsky National Park, the right bank of the Selenga River near Lake Baikal.). This circumstance, along with the underdevelopment of roadside services, is a serious obstacle to the development of car tourism and the delivery of tourists to places of rest. Taking into account the fact that 53.3% of tourists use private cars for trips to holiday destinations, 40.4% of tourists use buses, the underdevelopment of the road network and roadside services is a problem that needs to be resolved quickly.

There is 1 federal airport in the Republic of Buryatia, but its reconstruction has not been carried out, there is no equipped checkpoint, which hinders the organization of international tourist air transportation. The activity of most regional airports has been suspended. There are not enough comfortable aircraft adapted for organizing air travel and transporting tourists on local routes, there are no tourist-class helicopters and small aircraft.

Several railway lines operate in Buryatia, connecting it with the western, eastern regions of Russia, as well as with Mongolia. 21.9% of tourists use railway services, mainly for trips to and from the republic. Internal rail transportation within its borders is poorly developed, at the same time, the need for this type of transportation is quite high.

The development of public infrastructure in the Republic of Buryatia is carried out in accordance with sectoral federal and republican programs, and the needs of the tourism sector are not sufficiently taken into account in them. Investment support for the development of the tourist and recreational complex of the Republic of Buryatia is carried out through the mechanism of state support and market mechanisms, the impact of which on the tourism process is increasing. Provision from the budgets is carried out by financing targeted programs for the development of tourism and resorts.

Tourism infrastructure is a set of enterprises, institutions and establishments whose activities are aimed at meeting the needs of people involved in recreation or recreation, as well as means of communication and transport and tourist accommodation facilities that provide conditions for stable functioning. We consider it as an integral system, it consists of two subsystems: social and production, which are interconnected and interdependent with respect to the serving subject. In turn, the infrastructure to a certain extent forms tourist regions, promotes tourism specialization and business profile, because due to the presence of infrastructure links between individual objects, the quality of service in a particular territory is determined.

One of the main prerequisites for the development of various types of tourism in the Republic of Belarus is the presence of Lake Baikal - a unique phenomenon on the planet, which about 80% of respondents consider the main interest in the Republic of Buryatia.

Lake Baikal, which is of world value in terms of tourism development, is a prerequisite for organizing educational water tours. However, the specifics of the wind, ice and wave regimes create certain restrictions in the recreational development of the lake. The lake is cleared of ice late - the southern part at the end of May, the northern part - in the first half of June. In terms of roughness, Baikal ranks first in the world among lakes, the most stormy and dangerous period in terms of excitement is October-December (the maximum wave height is 4-5 m). Navigation conditions are complicated by dense, persistent fogs, the maximum frequency of which occurs in July.

Lake Baikal currently stands out among other lakes in the world with a low recreational development of the coast and in this respect has a great recreational value for the category of tourists interested in underdeveloped territories.

The territory of the Republic of Buryatia has certain natural prerequisites for organizing various types of mass recreation. The development of mass recreation and tourism is facilitated by the picturesque landscapes of the territory of the republic. The most picturesque landscapes prevail in the administrative regions adjacent to Lake Baikal - Severobaikalsky, Barguzinsky, Pribaikalsky, Kabansky, as well as Zakamensky, Kurumkansky, Muysky, Okinsky, Tunkinsky and Khorinsky.

An important component of the tourist infrastructure is transport, which is convenient for transporting any category of tourists, from single tourists to specially organized tourist and excursion trains for local and long-distance traffic. Bus transportation is involved in the development of tourism, the formation of tourist passenger flows.

Bus transportation is carried out both on the own buses of travel companies, as well as on rented buses from independent transport companies.

The Republic of Buryatia has modern modes of transport and communications. The transport complex of the republic includes 6904 km of bus routes, 1374 km of railways, 18 airports and 13920 km of local air lines, 56.6 km of tram lines, over 100 thousand passengers are transported daily through these communications.

The road network of the republic is 14,097 km, including 6,297 km of public roads.

The population, organizations and enterprises of Buryatia have the opportunity to receive almost the entire range of modern telecommunications services from digital high-quality telephones to teleconferencing. New types of communication are being developed and introduced - cellular radiotelephone and paging. There are six television channels in the republic. The Internet has developed.

In the Republic of Buryatia, 106 organizations are registered that provide travel services, as well as the sale of air and railway tickets, of which only 11 provide tours and holidays on Lake Baikal, such as: VELL LLC, Daki-Tour LLC, Baikalkurort LLC, Siberian Cedar LLC, Ves Mir LLC, Absolut Tour LLC, Eastern Siberia LLC, Belig-Ya LLC, Akbes Tour LLC, Jasso-Tour LLC, Sputnik-Buryatia LLC .

In recent years, the private sector has been actively involved in the reception of tourists. Private guest houses are located mainly along the coast of the lake. Baikal, in the Barguzinsky, Pribaikalsky, Kabansky, Tunkinsky regions. In order to provide methodological assistance and create conditions for the development of rural tourism, Methodological recommendations on guest houses for local governments, individuals and legal entities providing temporary accommodation and accommodation services for tourists have been developed and approved.

The largest provider of sanatorium and health-improving services is the sanatorium-and-spa institution of trade unions "Baikalkurort", which manages the sanatorium "Goryachinsk", the children's sanatorium-health camp "Baikalsky Bor", and the association of sanatoriums "Arshan".

On the territory of the Republic there are many restaurants with national Buryat cuisine. In recent years, restaurants and cafeterias in large shopping centers have been developing especially rapidly. These catering establishments work with a permanent contingent located in tourist hotels, boarding houses, sanatoriums, with a variable contingent (city restaurants, cafeterias, etc.).

An important place in the provision of services is occupied by accommodation facilities for tourists. The main such establishments include hotels and similar establishments, commercial and social accommodation establishments and specialized accommodation establishments. Only in the city of Ulan-Ude there are 144 hotels and similar establishments. Also on the territory of the republic, such resorts as "Arshan", "Resort Goryachinsk", Chivyrkuysky Bay, "Tourist center Kulkison" and others provide their services.

Various cruise tours have been organized on Lake Baikal for a long time:

on canoes, kayaks along the Chivirkuysky Bay with rest on the shore;

on boats of the "Yaroslavets" type: along the central Baikal, along the Baikal islands, along the northern Baikal.

A thematic cruise tour "National parks and reserves of Baikal" can be organized around Baikal.

The duration of the cruise tours offered by "Baikal Ecotour" is 10 days / 9 nights. Form of participation: group - 8 people. Cruise tours start from the coast of the Chivyrkuisky Bay, from Monakhovo.

Cruise tour around the central Baikal. (June - September) Tour duration 10 days / 9 nights. Ulan-Ude, Maksimikha, cruise tour on a boat in the central part of Lake Baikal with stops, rest and overnight stays on the shore.

Cruise tour in kayaks and kayaks along the Chivyrkui Bay of Lake Baikal (June - September). Tour duration 10 days / 9 nights. Ulan - Ude, Maksimikha, water (cruise) tour around the Chivyrkuisky Bay in kayaks, kayaks

In the city of Ulan-Ude, souvenir production based on the creation and popularization of artistic samples with a Buryat flavor has been widespread recently.

Thus, it can be concluded that infrastructure has been widely developed in the region in recent years. The Republic of Buryatia is trying to keep pace with the times and adequately respond to the global demand for the development of tourism infrastructure, which is evidenced by the opening of new hotels, restaurants and the laying of new tourist routes.

Tourism- a priority sector of the economy of Buryatia. Tourist assets allow the republic to be one of the most competitive regions of Russia. According to the agency "Expert RA", Buryatia in terms of tourism potential in the investment rating of Russian regions rose from 45th place in 2006 to 14th place in 2010.

Buryatia attracts tourists from all over the world with Lake Baikal and other unique natural, historical and cultural attractions.

Statistics

In 2011, Buryatia received 586.5 thousand tourists from more than 60 countries of the world and regions of Russia. The volume of paid services amounted to 114.2 million rubles. The number of employees in the tourism industry of Buryatia is 4.8 thousand people.

For the nine months of 2013, the influx of tourists in Buryatia increased by 7.5% compared to the same period last year and amounted to 617 thousand people, of which 53.9% were in the Tunkinsky district.

The flow of tourists to Buryatia increases annually by an average of 10-20%. According to the forecasts of the government of Buryatia, in the coming years the republic will receive up to 1 million people a year.

The main countries from which tourists come to Buryatia

Priority types of tourism in Buryatia

• Ski
• Adventure
• Religious

Districts of Buryatia

Popular places

1. Arshan- balneological resort at the foot of the Eastern Sayan Mountains
2. Baikal- the oldest, deepest and cleanest lake on Earth, a shrine for the peoples living on its shores, a place of extraordinary beauty and powerful energy, an attractive tourist brand of Russia, a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
3. Goddess Yanzhima- patroness of fertility, bestows vitality on women
4. Burin Khan- sacred mountain, one of the most revered Buddhist shrines in Central Asia
5. Valley of Volcanoes in Gornaya Oka
6. Ivolginsky datsan- the official center of Russian Buddhism
7. Ivolginskoye settlement- northern outpost of the Xiongnu Empire, the largest archaeological site in Transbaikalia
8. Kyakhta- an old merchant settlement, the city of millionaires, the tea capital of Russia, sandy Venice
9. Kyakhta Museum of Local Lore- one of the oldest museums in Transbaikalia, a unique Xiongnu collection
10. Mamai is a cult place for lovers of winter extreme sports
11. Sartul-Gegetui datsan- a beautiful Buddhist temple in the south of Buryatia
12. Svetlaya Polyana- ecological and ethnographic park in Maksimikha, built in the form of a Cossack prison from the 17th century.
13. Transbaikal Old Believers(family) - original old Russian culture, a masterpiece of the oral and intangible heritage of mankind (UNESCO)
14. Tagley- a mysterious lake in the remote mountain taiga, which has healing properties
15. Ulan-Ude- the heart of Russian Asia, the cultural center of Transbaikalia
16. Ushkany Islands- rookeries of the Baikal seal (nerpa)
17. Chivyrkuisky Bay- one of the most picturesque places on Baikal
18. Egitui datsan- one of the most visited datsans of Buryatia

Protected areas

Resorts

• Kuchiger
• Umhei

Mineral springs

• Agsurga
• Aksanga
• Bezymyansky
• Goujekit (Sunny)
• Gegetui
• Zelinda
• Engorboy
• Zhebkhehensky arshan
• Joigan
• Golden Key
• Inzagatuy
• Kotelnikovsky
• Kotokel
• old keys
• Halyuta
• Hoyto-Gol (Okinsky)

Monuments of culture and history

• Baga-Zarya - the largest petroglyphs in Transbaikalia
• Bayan-Under - Xiongnu fortress in the south of Buryatia
• Dyrestuisky Kultuk - Xiongnu burial grounds in the south of Buryatia
• Ivolginsk settlement - the northern outpost of the Xiongnu empire
• Ilm Pad - burial grounds of the Xiongnu nobility
• Orgoiton - Xiongnu princely burial ground in the south of Buryatia
• Varvarina Gora - Paleolithic site in the vicinity of Novaya Bryan

Events

• Sagaalgan: folk holiday, meeting the New Year - the year of the Snake according to the lunar calendar. The date is “floating”, calculated according to the lunar calendar, in 2013 it is celebrated on February 11 (a day off in the republic)
• IX Ice Fishing Tournament "Baikal Fishing-2013". Barguzinsky district, Kholodyanka area. April 5 - 6, 2013
• Instrumental Music Festival - April 24-27, 2013
• Mountain festival "Munku-Sardyk": annually in the last days of April at the foot of the mountain peak Munku-Sardyk, in the gorge of the Irkut River, mountain tourism lovers from all over the world gather. Okinsky district.
• Night at the Museum - May 18, 2013
• Musical summer: every Saturday on the propylaea of ​​the Opera House, the audience can enjoy an open-air concert with the participation of the best folklore groups of the republic, as well as opera and variety artists
• Interregional festival of author's song and poetry "Songs of Bulat on Baikal": a music and poetry festival on the shores of Lake Baikal, where bards from all over Russia gather and arrange soulful concerts of author's songs with a guitar. June 20-23, 2013
• Festival of Cossack culture - takes place annually in July in different regions of Buryatia. In the summer of 2013 will be held in the Barguzinsky district
• Surkharban (Naadan): Buryat cultural and sports holiday - national wrestling, horse racing, Buryat archery, games, performances of folklore groups, treats with dishes of Buryat cuisine. Ulan-Ude. July 7, 2013
• V International Music Festival “Voice of nomads. Baikal/Buryatia": world music festival. In 2013 participation of teams from France, China, Bulgaria, Portugal, Finland and other countries is expected. The star of the festival will be a team from Ukraine "Dakha Braha" and Port Mone. Ulan-Ude, lake Baikal. July 9-13, 2013
• Baikal Information Forum: representatives of the media, libraries, museums, providers and telecom operators from all over Russia, Mongolia and China will discuss topical issues of the information society. A special participation of directors of libraries of the Siberian Federal District is planned. Ulan-Ude, lake Baikal. July 9-13, 2013
• Festival "Yokhor Night": the Buryat National Song and Dance Theater "Baikal" annually organizes a festival of Buryat folk circle dance, uniting all participants and spectators with the energy of youth, the ancient pagan spirit of worshiping the solar deity. Ulan-Ude. 13, 14 July 2013
• International Festival-Competition of Folklore of Old Believer Artistic Groups "Razday, kogogod!": presentation of folklore in a genuine folk manner that preserves the singing school of the Old Believers. The festival will be attended by Old Believer groups from the regions of Russia and abroad. Tarbagatai region. July 7-19, 2013
• Baikal Day - celebrated in early September in Ulan-Ude.
• Festival of Hun culture - takes place in early September on the banks of the Selenga, near the Ivolginsky settlement
• Day of the ancient city - takes place on the day of the city of Ulan-Ude at the Ivolginsky settlement, at other sites
• Book Salon 2013: Book Fair. Ulan-Ude. September 26-28, 2013
• International competition of throat singing "Breath of the Earth": masters of throat singing from Mongolia, China and Russian regions - Tyva, Gorny Altai and Khakassia will come to Buryatia. Ulan-Ude. November 14, 2013
• International Ballet Festival named after Larisa Sakhyanova: Soloists from Ulan-Ude, Moscow and St. Petersburg will perform on the stage of the Buryat Opera and Ballet Theatre. Ulan-Ude. November 19-25, 2013
• V Baikal Christmas Festival: festival of popular classical musical art. Ulan-Ude, Severobaikalsk. Opens December 25, 2013

Travel media

Tourist guides for Buryatia

• Baikal: Buryatia, Irkutsk region. - France: Le Petit Fute, 1998
• Khamaganova D. M. Baikal. - M.: Around the World, 2007
• Khamaganova D. M. Baikal. All Buryatia. - M.: VIZA, 2009
• Khamaganova D. M. Baikal: Buryatia, Irkutsk region. - M.: VIZA, 2010
• Kochergin I. Baikal. - M.: Ajax-Press, 2010
• Eroshenko L. Tourism and recreation in Buryatia. - Irkutsk: Travel time, 2011
• Baikal. Journey through the Baikal region. - Irkutsk: Garant, 2012

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Links

Notes

see also

Types of Buryatia

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Mystery Tsam-2.JPG

Mystery Tsam

Budazhap Tsyretorov.JPG

Buryat shaman Budazhap Shiretorov

The boy on the shamanic rite.jpg

At the shamanic ceremony

Holy Trinity Selenginsky Monastery (walls).jpg

Holy Trinity Selenginsky Monastery

Russian Old Orthodox Church (Tarbagatai).JPG

Old Orthodox Church in Tarbagatai

Cranes in Jida.JPG

Cranes in the Dzhidinskaya valley

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In the valley of volcanoes in the Okinsky district

Center of Ulan-Ude.JPG

Center of Ulan-Ude

Opera and Ballet Theater in Ulan-Ude.jpg

Opera and ballet theater in Ulan-Ude

Fountain at Theater Square Ulan-Ude.JPG

Light and music fountain in Ulan-Ude

Church of the Resurrection of Christ in Kyakhta.JPG

Resurrection Church in Kyakhta

Khoroy-Shuluun.jpg

Stone fortress Horoy-Shuluun in the Marakta valley

In the valley of volcanoes, mountain lake.jpg

Mountain Oka

horse ride.jpg

Horse riding in the mountains of Khoito-Gol

Eagle dance

The tree at the Big Eravna.jpg

On the bank of the Big Eravna

Family house in Novaya Bryan.jpg

Family House in Novaya Bryan

An excerpt characterizing Tourism in Buryatia

Pierre, after the courtship of Prince Andrei and Natasha, for no obvious reason, suddenly felt the impossibility of continuing his former life. No matter how firmly he was convinced of the truths revealed to him by his benefactor, no matter how joyful he was at that first time of being carried away by the inner work of self-improvement, which he indulged in with such fervor, after the engagement of Prince Andrei with Natasha and after the death of Joseph Alekseevich, about which he received news almost at the same time - all the charm of this former life suddenly disappeared for him. There was only one skeleton of life left: his house with a brilliant wife, who now enjoyed the graces of one important person, acquaintance with all of Petersburg and service with boring formalities. And this former life suddenly presented itself to Pierre with unexpected abomination. He stopped writing his diary, avoided the company of his brothers, began to go to the club again, began to drink heavily again, again became close to single companies and began to lead such a life that Countess Elena Vasilievna considered it necessary to make him a strict reprimand. Pierre, feeling that she was right, and in order not to compromise his wife, left for Moscow.
In Moscow, as soon as he drove into his huge house with withered and withering princesses, with huge domestics, as soon as he saw - driving through the city - this Iberian chapel with countless candle lights in front of golden robes, this Kremlin Square with snow that had not been driven, these cab drivers and the shacks of Sivtsev Vrazhka, saw the old men of Moscow, who do not want anything and are slowly living their lives anywhere, saw old women, Moscow ladies, Moscow balls and the Moscow English Club - he felt at home, in a quiet haven. He felt calm, warm, familiar and dirty in Moscow, as in an old dressing gown.
Moscow society, everything from old women to children, accepted Pierre as their long-awaited guest, whose place was always ready and not occupied. For the Moscow world, Pierre was the sweetest, kindest, smartest, cheerful, generous eccentric, absent-minded and sincere, Russian, of the old cut, master. His wallet was always empty, because it was open to everyone.
Benefit performances, bad pictures, statues, charitable societies, gypsies, schools, signature dinners, revels, masons, churches, books - no one and nothing was refused, and if not for his two friends, who borrowed a lot of money from him and took him under their guardianship, he would give everything away. There was no dinner in the club, no evening without him. As soon as he leaned back in his place on the sofa after two bottles of Margot, he was surrounded, and rumors, disputes, jokes began. Where they quarreled, he - with his kind smile and by the way said joke, reconciled. Masonic dining lodges were dull and sluggish if he wasn't there.
When, after a single supper, he, with a kind and sweet smile, surrendering to the requests of a cheerful company, got up to go with them, joyful, solemn cries were heard among the youth. At the balls he danced, if he did not get a gentleman. Young ladies and young ladies loved him because, without courting anyone, he was equally kind to everyone, especially after dinner. “Il est charmant, il n "a pas de sehe", [He is very nice, but has no gender,] they talked about him.
Pierre was that retired chamberlain, good-naturedly living out his life in Moscow, of which there were hundreds.
How horrified he would have been if seven years ago, when he had just arrived from abroad, someone would have told him that he did not need to look for and invent anything, that his track had long been broken, determined eternally, and that, no matter how he turn around, he will be what everyone in his position was. He couldn't believe it! Didn't he, with all his heart, wish now to produce a republic in Russia, now to be Napoleon himself, now a philosopher, now a tactician, the conqueror of Napoleon? Didn't he see the opportunity and passionately desire to regenerate the vicious human race and bring himself to the highest degree of perfection? Didn't he establish both schools and hospitals and set his peasants free?
And instead of all this, here he is, the rich husband of an unfaithful wife, a retired chamberlain who loves to eat, drink and easily scold the government, a member of the Moscow English Club and everyone's favorite member of Moscow society. For a long time he could not reconcile himself to the idea that he was that same retired Moscow chamberlain, whose type he so deeply despised seven years ago.
Sometimes he comforted himself with the thought that this was the only way, for the time being, he was leading this life; but then he was horrified by another thought, that for the time being, so many people had already entered this life and this club with all their teeth and hair, like him, and left without one tooth and hair.
In moments of pride, when he thought about his position, it seemed to him that he was completely different, special from those retired chamberlains whom he had despised before, that they were vulgar and stupid, satisfied and reassured by their position, “and even now I am still dissatisfied I still want to do something for humanity,” he said to himself in moments of pride. “And maybe all those comrades of mine, just like me, fought, looked for some new, their own path in life, and just like me, by the force of the situation, society, breed, that elemental force against which there is no powerful man, they were brought to the same place as I, ”he said to himself in moments of modesty, and after living in Moscow for some time, he no longer despised, but began to love, respect and pity, as well as himself, his comrades by fate .
On Pierre, as before, they did not find moments of despair, blues and disgust for life; but the same illness, which had previously expressed itself in sharp attacks, was driven inside and did not leave him for a moment. "For what? For what? What is going on in the world?” he asked himself in bewilderment several times a day, involuntarily beginning to ponder the meaning of the phenomena of life; but knowing by experience that there were no answers to these questions, he hurriedly tried to turn away from them, took up a book, or hurried to the club, or to Apollon Nikolaevich to chat about city gossip.
“Elena Vasilievna, who never loved anything except her body and one of the most stupid women in the world,” thought Pierre, “appears to people as the height of intelligence and refinement, and they bow before her. Napoleon Bonaparte was despised by everyone as long as he was great, and since he became a miserable comedian, Emperor Franz has been trying to offer him his daughter as an illegitimate wife. The Spaniards send prayers to God through the Catholic clergy in gratitude for having defeated the French on June 14th, and the French send prayers through the same Catholic clergy that they defeated the Spaniards on June 14th. My brother Masons swear by blood that they are ready to sacrifice everything for their neighbor, and do not pay one ruble each for the collection of the poor and intrigue Astraeus against the Seekers of Manna, and fuss about a real Scottish carpet and about an act, the meaning of which does not know even the one who wrote it, and which no one needs. We all profess the Christian law of forgiveness of offenses and love for our neighbor - the law as a result of which we erected forty forty churches in Moscow, and yesterday we whipped a man who had fled, and the minister of the same law of love and forgiveness, the priest, gave the soldier a cross to kiss before execution " . So thought Pierre, and this whole, common, universally recognized lie, no matter how he got used to it, as if something new, every time amazed him. I understand the lies and confusion, he thought, but how can I tell them everything I understand? I tried and always found that they, in the depths of their souls, understand the same thing as I do, but they just try not to see her. It has become so necessary! But me, where do I go?” thought Pierre. He tested the unfortunate ability of many, especially Russian people, the ability to see and believe in the possibility of good and truth, and to see the evil and lies of life too clearly in order to be able to take a serious part in it. Every field of labor in his eyes was connected with evil and deceit. Whatever he tried to be, whatever he undertook, evil and lies repelled him and blocked all the paths of his activity. And meanwhile it was necessary to live, it was necessary to be busy. It was too terrible to be under the yoke of these insoluble questions of life, and he gave himself up to his first hobbies, only to forget them. He went to all sorts of societies, drank a lot, bought paintings and built, and most importantly read.
He read and read everything that came to hand, and read so that when he arrived home, when the lackeys were still undressing him, he, having already taken a book, read - and from reading he went to sleep, and from sleep to chatter in the drawing rooms and the club, from chatter to revelry and women, from revelry back to chatter, reading and wine. Drinking wine for him became more and more of a physical and at the same time a moral need. Despite the fact that the doctors told him that with his corpulence, wine was dangerous for him, he drank a lot. He felt quite well only when, without noticing how, having knocked over several glasses of wine into his big mouth, he experienced pleasant warmth in his body, tenderness for all his neighbors and the readiness of his mind to superficially respond to every thought, without delving into its essence. Only after drinking a bottle and two wines did he vaguely realize that the intricate, terrible knot of life that had terrified him before was not as terrible as he thought. With a noise in his head, chatting, listening to conversations or reading after lunch and dinner, he constantly saw this knot, some side of it. But only under the influence of wine did he say to himself: “This is nothing. I will unravel this - here I have an explanation ready. But now there’s no time—I’ll think it over later!” But that never came after.
On an empty stomach, in the morning, all the previous questions seemed just as insoluble and terrible, and Pierre hurriedly grabbed a book and rejoiced when someone came to him.
Sometimes Pierre recalled a story he had heard about how soldiers in the war, being under fire in cover, when they had nothing to do, diligently find an occupation for themselves in order to more easily endure the danger. And to Pierre, all people seemed to be such soldiers fleeing life: some with ambition, some with cards, some with writing laws, some with women, some with toys, some with horses, some with politics, some with hunting, some with wine, some with state affairs. “There is nothing insignificant or important, it doesn’t matter: if only I can save myself from it as best I can!” thought Pierre. - "If only not to see her, this terrible her."