Route network of land transport highway. How does the new Moscow transport system “Magistral. Dedicated striped flight

• Public transport in the center will run twice as often. Average travel time reduced from 16 to 8 minutes


• +39% increase in the number of rolling stock. More transport


• 17 trunk routes connect the center of Moscow


• +43% increase in passenger traffic. More people will be able to use transport


• 370 buses, trolleybuses and trams in the route network


• +75% increase in the number of residents within a 30-minute drive from Lubyanka. It is more convenient for residents of the center to go home


• 103 new buses purchased specifically for the project


• +117% increase in the number of employees within a 30-minute drive from Lubyanka. It is more convenient to travel to work by ground transport.

In general, to make public transport in Moscow better meet the needs of passengers. Specifically, this network of routes is to make it easier for passengers to move around in the center.

We want to make it convenient for passengers to make their daily trips around Moscow, relying entirely on surface public transport. For example, to be able to come from your area to the center on business, move to another part of the center to meet friends in a cafe, then return home - all using ground transportation.

To do this, transport must go quickly and often, be roomy and convenient, and most importantly, travel where passengers need. The launch of the Magistral route network is one of the steps towards this goal.

What is changing?

To make transport in the center more convenient, we are launching three types of routes: trunk, regional and social.

Trunk routes are the main and longest. They connect several districts of Moscow at once with the center and among themselves, for example, Leninsky with Leningradsky Prospekt, Luzhniki and Semyonovskaya, Nagatinskaya and Polezhaevskaya. These routes are marked with a thick line on the new map. The interval of movement is 5 - 10 minutes. These are the fastest and most frequent routes on the network.

District routes are shorter: they connect districts with the center. They are easy to get to the main route or take a short trip. The interval of movement is 10 - 15 minutes.

Social routes help Moscow residents get to My Documents centers, polyclinics, passport offices and other socially significant places. The interval of movement is up to 30 minutes.

The approach to the traffic schedule has also changed: transport is switching to a clock schedule. Passengers will know, for example, that at peak times the main bus from Tverskaya Street to Leninsky Prospekt runs every eight minutes. And if a person came to a stop, and the bus door closed in front of him, then in eight minutes the next one will arrive.

What happened to routes?

We made popular routes in the center mainlines and straightened them to increase speed and reduce intervals. For example, trolleybus 62 from Udarnik along Leninsky Prospekt is now called m4, this is a main route with a traffic interval every four minutes.

In parallel, we are improving the traffic patterns of cars and land transport so that they do not interfere with each other.

In the area of ​​Dolgorukovskaya and Barrikadnaya streets, there is now through traffic through the Garden Ring. Previously, buses lost 15 - 20 minutes to go to Sadovoye, turn around, drive back and continue along the route. Now this detour is not needed, the buses go straight.

What about night routes?

Night routes will also change slightly. n1, n2, n3, n4, n5 and n6 will be united by a single transfer hub on Slavyanskaya Square, near the Kitay-Gorod metro station. At night, these routes will converge on Slavyanskaya Square so that late passengers can transfer between them and go to the other end of the city. The intervals of movement will remain the same - 30 minutes. The rest of the round-the-clock routes will remain unchanged.

The old ones are clear. Are there new routes?

One of the new routes is bus A from Three Station Square to Luzhniki. Now it is easy to get to the center from the stations, drive along the boulevards and go to Komsomolsky Prospekt. And you can go to Sapsan by bus.

But A is not exactly a new route. Since the beginning of the 20th century, there was a tram route A in Moscow, which ran along the Boulevard Ring. The route changed many times, was postponed and shortened until 1991, when it was closed. In 1997, the route was restored along the eastern part of the Boulevard Ring - from Kaluga to Chistye Prudy. Muscovites call this tram route "Annushka". The new main bus route A runs along the western part of the Boulevard Ring, continuing the traditions of the historical route of the last century.

Another example is the m1 route, which connects Leninsky and Leningradsky prospects through the center. You can sit on Tverskaya and in 15 minutes you will be near Gorky Park or go further along Leninsky Prospekt and get off at Neskuchny Garden.

Previously, from the north along Tsvetnoy Boulevard it was possible to get only to Trubnaya Square, then the route was interrupted. If you needed to get to Teatralnaya or Lubyanka, you had to go down to the subway. Now there is route 38: - from Rizhskaya to Neglinnaya, the Bolshoi Theatre, Lubyanka and Kitay-gorod without changes.

Finally, we have restored traffic along Bolshaya Nikitskaya - see the route m6 from Nagatinskaya to Polezhaevskaya. Some of the routes that are now being launched have not been operated in Moscow since the 1990s.

How to understand the new route numbering?

For the next few months, vehicles will run on routes with two numbers - new and old.

Especially for the project, we created new stop flags, maps and stencils on the bus. At first, both old and new route numbers will be on the stencils. At each stop in the center there is a traffic scheme with all stops.

Why are the new routes faster?

Two reasons: there are more buses on the routes, and the routes themselves have straightened out and almost completely switched to dedicated lanes.

More buses means shorter intervals, less waiting at stops. The average traffic interval throughout the network is 8 minutes.

Thanks to dedicated lanes, buses and trolleybuses go faster. And because routes no longer have awkward detours, passengers can get to their destination faster. For example, along the central corridor around the Kremlin, buses will now run along a dedicated lane. Previously, due to one-way traffic on a trip around the Kremlin, you could lose up to half an hour.

Are the stops also new?

Some yes. We are installing 24 new stops in the center of Moscow, 12 of which are located in areas where public transport has not run since the 90s.

We will also gradually replace old stops with new, more convenient ones.

And why exactly ground transport, and not the subway?

The subway works great for long distances. If you need to go from Yugo-Zapadnaya to Rechnoy Vokzal, then the metro is the fastest way to get there. The time of transfers, descent and ascent can be neglected.

But for short distances, the metro is not so convenient: descent, transfers and ascent can take more than half of the travel time. The bus or trolleybus is slower than the subway, but for short distances you will get there faster and with less effort.

Another problem with the metro in the center of Moscow is that the stations are too far apart. The average distance between our metro stations is 1600 meters. There are a lot of places in the center, the road from the metro to which takes 15-20 minutes on foot. By the standards of modern transport systems, this is a long time.

For comparison, in Paris, the average distance between stations in the center is 400 meters. And still in the center of Paris there is a developed network of public transport.

On the diagram, blue marks the distance that a person can walk in five minutes from the metro. All gray requires 10-20 minutes of walking:

The Magistral network will solve this problem due to the fact that stops are encountered on the way more often than metro stations, moreover, on both sides of the traffic. No need to walk far - just get off at the right stop.
Finally, from the window of a bus or trolleybus, you can see the sights. You will appreciate it in the spring when the days are longer and the trees are in bloom on Tverskaya.

What buses will run?

We purchased 103 new buses for the new routes of the Magistral network. These are comfortable modern buses with soft seats and air conditioning.

How to ride now?

Just like before: come to the stop, check the routes according to the scheme, wait 5-10 minutes and get on the bus or trolleybus of the desired route. All the same travel documents are valid in it as in other types of land transport, including Troika cards.

The main interchange hub of the main routes is Lubyanka. This means that you can get to almost any district of Moscow or any part of the center with one change at Lubyanka.

Why were these routes designed?

The working group of Moscow Transport was guided by three criteria:

1. High passenger traffic and density. Routes should go where people need them most: in densely populated areas and the business center.

2. Pedestrian accessibility. Stops should be within walking distance of a large number of shopping, cultural and business centers. People who work in the area should be able to walk to the bus stop.

3. Linearity and symmetry. Routes should be as straight as possible, without loops or diversions. And stops should be on both sides of the road, with the ability to cross the road somewhere nearby.

Who was on the working group?

To design these routes, we brought together all those involved in transport in Moscow: representatives of departments, prefectures, urban planning institutions, activists, bloggers and urban experts, and also invited international experts with experience in designing land transport route networks.

Why didn't they ask me?

In fact, you were asked and you answered - but not in words, but in deed.

The routes were designed by specialists, but the basis for each decision was provided by the passengers themselves: how much and how people travel around Moscow was the main criterion by which we were guided.

We have collected a terabyte of data on the use of ground transport in Moscow:
statistics of landings and landings, the frequency and speed of movement, the load on roads and interchange nodes. With the help of cellular data, we got an accurate picture of the movement of every bus and person in the center of Moscow. In total, we collected data from 30 sources.

In October 2016, we launch the first line of routes. Gradually, new routes, new stops and new buses will appear. The last phase of the Magistral network will be launched in 2017. Gradually, along with the routes, we will improve road markings and launch dedicated lanes where they will help traffic.

What is the result?

We expect that by 2017 more people will start using land transport, and land transport itself will become reliable and simple: buses and trolleybuses will run at a predictable interval of 5-10 minutes, routes will be convenient, and the buses and trolleybuses themselves will be comfortable.

We measure the effectiveness of change using isochrones, graphs that show how far you can travel from a given point in 30 minutes:

I have questions!

We will be happy to answer them. Send questions, suggestions and wishes for the development of the transport network at the Moscow Transport reception or by mail: [email protected]

Well, here we are waiting for another major transport event in the city. This Saturday, October 8, a completely new surface public transport network will be introduced in the city center.

We have repeatedly written that the existing surface transport in the center is nothing more than the remnants of the former greatness of a convenient and thoughtful system that existed before the transfer of most of the streets of the center to one-way traffic. Since the one-way traffic around the Kremlin was introduced in the center in 1993, the routes have been distorted to the point of being unusable. Later, several more changes were introduced that finally finished off public transport: a number of intersections of the Garden Ring were blocked, oncoming dedicated lanes were closed, left turns were canceled, a number of streets were switched to one-way traffic, or the streets became completely pedestrian.

The existing scheme of land transport in the center.

All this led to the fact that transport began to walk on strange and incomprehensible routes. This affected the decrease in passenger traffic and an increase in the interval. Transport, which runs on different routes, provides a purely one-way service, which means that a person cannot count on it, since it is inferior and inconvenient.

A classic example: a trolleybus of route No. 1 followed different routes in the city center due to the fact that Mokhovaya Street is one-way. As a result, you can get from Tverskaya Street to Yakimanka only by metro, but it will take about half an hour, and even go through a significant part of the route on foot. Of course, this situation is completely unacceptable for a city that is trying to make public transport convenient, affordable and attractive, including for motorists.

Alas, not everything was done in 2016 in terms of infrastructure. Work on the reconstruction of Lubyanskaya and Slavyanskaya squares, as well as Sretenka and Bolshaya Lubyanka streets were postponed until next year. However, at least the first stage of the new public transport network will be launched here as well.

Work on the new surface public transport network began in the summer. A working group was organized at the site of the Department of Transport with the involvement of transport experts, specialists from the Department of Transport, Mosgortrans and city design institutes. Without exaggeration, we managed to gather the best specialists on these issues in the city. The group was led by Jarrett Walker, a world leader in the development of land transport route networks.

Finally, after several days of almost round-the-clock work, the final proposals were formed, which, with minor modifications and additions, formed a new route network in the center.

Clickable.
Trunk routes- the main and longest. They will connect several districts of Moscow at once with the center and among themselves, for example, Leninsky with Leningradsky Prospekt, Luzhniki and Semyonovskaya, Nagatinskaya and Polezhaevskaya. These routes are marked with a thick line on the new map. Movement interval: 5 - 10 minutes. These are the fastest and most frequent routes on the network.

District routes- shorter ones: they will connect the districts with the center. They are easy to get to the main route or take a short trip. Movement interval: 10 - 15 minutes.

Social routes help Moscow residents get to My Documents centers, polyclinics, passport offices and other socially significant places. Movement interval: up to 30 minutes.

The approach to the traffic schedule itself has also changed: transport is switching to a clock schedule. For example, passengers will know that at peak times the main bus from Tverskaya Street to Leninsky Prospekt runs every eight minutes. And if a person came to a stop, and the bus door closed in front of him, then in eight minutes the next one will arrive.

In addition, public transport will return to a number of streets in the city center, from where it disappeared in previous decades: Neglinnaya Street, Petrovka, Bolshaya Nikitskaya Street. The density of the ground transport network will increase, new stops will appear. All this will also increase the attractiveness of public transport in the center.

There is a very common and erroneous belief that ground transport is not needed in the center, because there is a high density of metro stations. Actually, it is not. Pedestrian accessibility of metro stations in the center, on the contrary, is very low. For example, here is a diagram with isochrones showing the distance from metro stations that can be overcome in 5 minutes. Agree, not very much.

Scheme of 5-minute walking distance to metro stations in the center.

As you can see, in the center there are places where you have to go from the metro, spending 10-15 minutes (or even more if you wait at every traffic light). Note that motorists do not go to their parking lots for so long, and the need to spend a lot of time on the street (especially in bad weather) is considered one of the main disadvantages of driving around the city without a car.

More than 700 thousand people live in the Central Administrative District, more than a million people come there to work. In sum, this is the population of an entire city. Every person (living or working in the center) constantly has a need to move within the region. Metro? And the subway does not help at all! The metro is a mainline transport to bring those who live somewhere on the outskirts to the center, and for movement inside the center it is extremely inefficient.

Firstly, there are not everywhere subway stations in the center. Secondly, you will almost certainly have to walk to and from the metro (sometimes more than a kilometer). Thirdly, the metro in the center is very deep. The descent from the sidewalk to the platform takes an average of 3-4 minutes. Fourthly, not always the destination is on the same line with the station where you entered the subway. This means that you need to do more transplants.

As a result, the route of the passenger in the center looks like this on average:
walk to the metro (10 min), descent (3-4 min), 1-2 metro stations, then transfer, then another 1-2 stations, then exit to the city (3-4 min) and walk to the desired place. And in such a paradoxical way, a trip from one place in the center to another takes half an hour, and sometimes more.

At the same time, the trip includes a lot of descents and ascents and transfers, which is very exhausting and does not add to the attractiveness of this type of movement. Therefore, if two points are relatively close to each other, it is easier for people to walk. So they walk for several kilometers in the center, like two centuries ago.

The simplest route from Tverskaya Street to Yakimanka takes 25 minutes. Of these, more than a kilometer on foot:

Are comments necessary for this? In my opinion, the situation is obvious: in the city center there should be convenient and reliable surface public transport. And now he will!

After the implementation of such a project, it is logical to ask the question: what next?

The network being introduced this weekend is just the first step in the reorganization. In 2017, the second stage will take place, which will be associated with the following list of streets reconstructed as part of the My Street program. So, for example, in addition to the already mentioned above Vozdvizhenka, oncoming dedicated lanes will be organized on Sretenka and Bolshaya Lubyanka streets. This will make it possible to straighten the route of the M9 bus and launch it directly to the center without a drawn-out circle along Myasnitskaya Street and the Garden Ring.

The network of dedicated lanes will also be developed. Since now the number of routes in the center will increase, and the intervals will decrease, there is not the slightest doubt that their demand will increase. It would be completely wrong if the new route gets stuck in some kind of traffic jam. In this regard, quite a lot of infrastructural changes will be made in the center.

Changes are ongoing with public transport and on the Garden Ring. As part of the ongoing My Street improvement program, public transport traffic will be withdrawn from tunnels and overpasses, which will make it possible to organize convenient transfer hubs with routes crossing the Garden Ring or with metro stations.

Finally, when the stable operation of the launched routes is established, those that have end points in the center will be combined into diametric routes. So, for example, the M9 route is planned to be merged with the M2 route, and so on. Most likely, this network will be fully operational in 2018.

The network of main routes by 2018

And finally, a couple of answers to the most frequently asked questions.

Why was it necessary to renumber the routes?
Route renumbering served several purposes. First, allocate frequent routes into groups with a separate designation. Now, seeing the letter "M" in the name of the route, the passenger can be sure that this is a main route that runs with a minimum interval. And routes with the letter "C", on the contrary, denote social routes that rarely run. In addition, the "M" routes will have a common numbering for bus and trolleybus routes. This will make it possible to start servicing the route by buses now, and eventually transfer some of them to service by electric buses or trolleybuses with autonomous running. By the way, the M1 route will be served by 30% by trolleybuses with an increased autonomous range already in winter.

Why didn't public transport appear along Rozhdestvensky and Sretensky boulevards?
Revealing the details, I will say that many hours were spent discussing this issue. There are no technical or regulatory obstacles to launching there, for example, a bus. But there are other factors. Firstly, the reconstruction of the Boulevard Ring has not yet been completed. Next year, its outer part will be reconstructed, which will lead to a narrowing of the carriageway, including on Rozhdestvensky Boulevard, which, due to the relief, is a rather difficult section of the route. Secondly, the tram that used to run there earlier will probably return to this section. So far, this is all at the level of projects, although the reconstruction of the inner side of Rozhdestvensky and Sretensky boulevards took this into account, and no communications were laid in the zone of the prospective passage of the tram line. True, there is no clarity with the timing here.

As a result, for the time being, we decided to launch bus route A through Tsvetnoy Boulevard and Sadovoye Koltso, and in the future, some new route may appear to serve this section, with the route in the center. For example, Krasnopresnenskaya - Bolshaya Nikitskaya - Boulevard Ring - Pokrovka - Baumanskaya (as an option, changing the route T25). Again, this is a shortcoming of the scheme, the creators of which are in the know. But it was impossible to do everything at once.

Well, for now, we are waiting for Saturday and new routes in the center! Dealing with them, by the way, will help you

There were 48 routes: three trams, 23 trolleybuses and 22 buses. By the beginning of 2016, the number of tram routes remained the same, trolleybus routes were reduced to 17, and 22 bus routes remained, but 6 of them ran only at night. The network of stops suffered much more severely: their number decreased by 21% - from 246 to 194; increased distances between stops made ground transportation less convenient for citizens.

The most ambitious transport reform in the city center in decades was aimed at increasing passenger traffic and making surface routes competitive with metro and cars, as well as partially offloading metro interchange hubs. The first prototypes of the Magistral project began to be worked out back in 2012. Then the city ordered the study of a new transport system, but considered the proposed project with routes through the city center and their different categories unrealizable.

To work on the Magistral, the Moscow Department of Transportation assembled a working group that included Russian and foreign experts, including transport planner Jarrett Walker, who took part in the design of land transport in several dozen cities around the world, and Mobility in Chain.

When designing the system, the data accumulated by the Moscow Traffic Management Center were used: the intervals of traffic, passenger traffic, the workload of stops and the number of boarding and alighting at each of them, and the speed of transport. In addition, the population density and the number of jobs in different areas and the presence of points of attraction were analyzed. For the analysis of transport demand, we used correspondence matrices - tables in which the areas of departure, arrival and the number of movements between them are indicated. To determine the transport accessibility of the area, the isochron method was used: for a specific point or area, the travel time for a specific transport is calculated. These solutions have been used to measure traffic intensity and load on sections of the road network.

The main highway of the route network in the center was the northern arc of the Kremlin Ring, from the Bolshoy Kamenny Bridge to Lubyanka Square. It was opened to traffic on October 1, 2016. In addition to it, there are 7 more dedicated sites. Traffic resumed along Malaya Dmitrovka and Bolshaya Nikitskaya. Also, 17 stops were returned as part of the first stage of the Magistral. In the spring of 2016, in preparation for the launch of the Magistral and as part of the reconstruction under the My Street improvement program, several sections of the trolleybus contact network in the city center were dismantled, and buses were launched on a number of trolleybus routes.

Officially, the first stage of the Magistral was launched on October 8, 2016, when dedicated lanes for public transport began to work, new route numbering appeared and traffic intervals were reduced. Especially for the opening of the "Magistral" released an additional 370 units of transport. In fact, the codification of routes according to the Magistral standards has affected all routes of Moscow's land transport, information about this is constantly updated with the replacement of stopping stencils with new ones at all stops throughout Moscow, including landing places on the routes of regional carriers at some suburban bus stations; some of them contain information about planned, but not yet effective route changes. The only exceptions were compensatory routes with series numbers 0xx and KM, as well as single-use routes No. L (for transporting spectators of New Year's shows at Luzhniki) and series S (for transporting fans during some international football matches at the Luzhniki and Luzhniki stadiums). Spartacus").

From October 8, new ground routes under the general name "Magistral" will be launched in the capital. These buses, trolleybuses and trams will travel through the center of Moscow and the main city streets. The city department of transport explained why this is necessary and how we will use the novelty.

We realized that it is necessary to create not only beautiful paving, convenient pedestrian infrastructure, but also high-quality infrastructure for urban transport passengers, - said Alina Bisembayeva, Deputy Head of the Moscow Department of Transport and Road Infrastructure Development. - In the new traffic pattern, the routes got rid of the "rings" and "loops". It is clearer to people when the traffic moves in a straight line from point A to point B and when the route of movement in one direction coincides with the route in the other direction.

As promised in the Department of Transport of Moscow, thanks to the innovation, public transport in the center will go twice as often. The average traffic interval will be reduced from 16 to 8 minutes. Let's see what else passengers can expect.

NUMBERS CHANGE

New routes will be divided into three parts - main, district and social (see table).

1. Trunk.

They will be the main ones - the longest and fastest. The interval of movement is 5 - 10 minutes. They will connect several districts of Moscow with the center and with each other at once. For example, Leninsky with Leningradsky Prospekt, Luzhniki and Semenovskaya metro station, Nagatinskaya and Polezhaevskaya metro stations. The numbers of these routes will be marked with the letter "m". Some of them will be new, while others will simply be renamed. For example, trolleybus No. 62 from Udarnik along Leninsky Prospekt will now be designated "m4". If you see "m" on the windshield of the bus, then this route will not have to wait long. He walks often.

2. District.

They will be made short and not as fast as the main ones. The interval of movement is 10 - 15 minutes. They are needed to connect the metropolitan outskirts with the center. They are easy to get to the main route or take a short trip. For example, trolleybus No. 79, which runs from Savelovsky Station to Luzhniki and back, will now become a district bus.

3. Social.

The interval of movement is up to 30 minutes. On these buses and trolleybuses, it will be possible to get to the right places - My Documents public service centers, clinics, passport offices, bank branches, and post offices. This, for example, will be the route of bus number 122, which runs from the Sokolniki metro station to Lubyanka Square and back.

ATTENTION!

In the table, we have indicated all the routes that are included in the "Magistral" transport scheme. Somewhere the numbers have changed, somewhere not. The main thing is that the routes have changed - the end points are indicated in brackets.

So that Muscovites do not get confused in additional routes and replacements, for the first few months buses, trolleybuses and trams will run under two numbers - new and old. At stops, special flags with route designations will be placed. And on the plates on the windshield, they will draw both old and new route numbers. In addition, cards with all lines will be posted in the salon. In addition, at each stop in the center, you can see the traffic pattern with all the stops.

The letter "m" denotes the so-called trunk routes. These are the longest and fastest lines with an interval of 5 - 10 minutes. Each main route is painted in the color of the metro line, near the stations of which it most often stops. For example, the M4 bus is marked in orange on the Kaluzhsko-Rizhskaya line. On this branch, he approaches the stations "Oktyabrskaya" and "Leninsky Prospekt".

Routes with a traffic interval of 10 - 15 minutes are marked in blue.

Routes with an interval of up to 30 minutes are marked in pink.

Tram lines are shown in black.

TWO ANNUSHKA WILL APPEAR ON THE BULEVARD RING

The new route "A" will go along the Boulevard Ring. But it will not be a tram, as it is now, but a bus. Recall that the tram "A" is already running along the eastern part of the Boulevard Ring - from Kaluga to Chistye Prudy. Muscovites call him "Annushka". And the new main bus route "A" will be launched along the western part of the Boulevard Ring. He will travel from the area of ​​three stations to Luzhniki.

TROLLEYBUSES WILL BE RUNNING BY THE MINUTE

With the new routes, the ground transits to the clock schedule. That is, buses, trolleybuses and trams will run by the minute. If a bus that runs every 8 minutes has left in front of your nose, then the next one should arrive in 8 minutes. Although most likely this schedule will “break” at the first traffic jam. But in this case, there is a way out. With the help of electronic displays at bus stops and the Yandex. Transport” you can find out where in reality the right bus or trolleybus is now, whether it is worth waiting for it at the bus stop.

THROUGH THE GARDEN RING

Some old routes will be straightened out. In the area of ​​Dolgorukovskaya and Barrikadnaya streets, through traffic will appear through the Garden Ring. Previously, buses needed at least 15-20 minutes for a complex maneuver. For example, near Barrikadnaya Street, bus No. 39 first left for Sadovoye, then turned around there, drove back along the ring and went further along the route to Bolshaya Nikitskaya Street. Now the bus will immediately go straight through the ring.

And on some streets in the center of Moscow, the ground will reappear after many years. According to Alina Bisembayeva, for the first time since the early 1990s, land transport will return to sections of Bolshaya Nikitskaya and Sadovnicheskaya streets. There has been no public transport here for over 20 years.

NIGHT BUSES TO BE ASSEMBLED TO THE TRANSFER HUB

For six night routes, they will also arrange a reboot. Recall that they run from midnight to 5.30 in the morning. Now buses n1, n2, n3, n4, n5 and n6 will be assembled into a single interchange hub on Slavyanskaya Square, near the Kitay-gorod metro station. They will come here at night every 30 minutes. Passengers who have been on a spree will be able to transfer from one bus to another and take a bus to the outskirts of the city - to Novokosino, Lyublino, Golyanovo and other areas. The rest of the round-the-clock routes will operate according to the usual schedule.

BY THE WAY

There will be more lanes

From October 8, six new dedicated lanes will appear in the city center. Buses and trolleybuses will be allowed through a section of the Kremlin Ring, two through passages on the Garden Ring, Taganskaya Street, Vozdvizhenka and a section of Malaya Dmitrovka to Strastnoy Boulevard. It looks like this:

1. A dedicated line on the Kremlin Ring will be launched on the extreme left side of the road. Public transport will go towards cars - from Lubyanka Square along Teatralny Proyezd, Okhotny Ryad, Mokhovaya and Borovitskaya Square. In the opposite direction, the ground goes in the general stream. From Borovitskaya Square, a dedicated lane passes through Bolshoi Kamenny and Maly Kamenny bridges, Serafimovicha Street. Further, buses and trolleybuses will go along the dedicated line on Bolshaya Yakimanka, turn onto Leninsky Prospekt and go to the Moscow Ring Road.

The oncoming dedicated line on the Kremlin Ring will reduce travel time to 45 minutes, and will also relieve Kitaigorodsky passage and embankments.

2. Two through passages on the Garden Ring will “straighten out” six existing ground routes. All of them will now run over the ring without winding around it. Trolleybuses No. 3 and No. 47 will be able to go directly from Dolgorukovskaya Street to Malaya Dmitrovka. And trolleybus No. 79 and buses No. 6, 39 and 64 will also go directly from Bolshaya Nikitskaya to Barrikadnaya.

3. On a dedicated line on Taganskaya Street, 2.3 kilometers long, the ground will go from Taganskaya Square in the same direction as cars - towards the region. In the direction of the center, the lane for public transport is already working.

4. There is one-way traffic on Vozdvizhenka towards Novy Arbat. Buses and trolleybuses will travel along a dedicated line in the same direction as cars.

5. On Malaya Dmitrovka, a lane for public transport will appear on the section from Nastasinsky Lane to Strastnoy Boulevard.

FEEDBACK

Muscovites can send their questions, suggestions and wishes on new ground routes through Moscow Transport or by e-mail -

The first prototypes of the Magistral project began to be created in Moscow back in 2012. The city then ordered the study of the transport system, and then it was proposed to launch routes through the city center and divide them into different categories. Then the development company was told that nothing would come of this idea, Alexander Morozov, co-chairman of the interregional public movement City and Transport, who worked on that project, tells Gazeta.Ru.

Four years later, the situation has changed. In October 2016, the first line of routes will be launched, and the last line of the Magistral network will be launched in 2017, the Department of Transport reported.

There will be practically no new routes within the framework of the project: the majority are, to one degree or another, modified existing flights.

There are two main innovations. Firstly,

all routes will pass through the center, even if they previously crossed the border of the Central Administrative District on a tangent.

And secondly, three categories of routes are being introduced: main, regional and social.

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There are only seventeen main routes, ten of them are designated by the letter M and a serial number. For at least the first two months after the launch, such buses will run with two numbers, new and old, on the basis of which the main route was invented. The main routes are the longest, they leave the outskirts in one part of Moscow, cross the center and go to the sleeping areas in another part of the city. For example, on the route "M1" (former T1) it will be possible to get from Kravchenko Street along Leninsky Prospekt through Tverskaya and Leningradsky Prospekt to the MPS hospital. The M3 route will make it possible to get from Luzhniki to the Semenovskaya metro station via Prechistenka and Pokrovka. Trolleybus routes No. 33, 62 and 84 have been merged into the m4 route, which will now run from the Udarnik cinema to Ozernaya Street in the southwest of the city.

The main routes will run most often, every 5-10 minutes, and should become a full-fledged alternative to the subway. For nine main routes, a kind of single transfer hub will be organized on Lubyanskaya Square, for some buses this stop will be the final one, and for some it will be in the middle of the route.

In addition, three trams, two express routes, one “letter” bus and one “letter” trolleybus can be considered main lines in fact, but not by number. The main trams are route A (from Chistye Prudy to Oktyabrskaya), No. 3 (from Chistye Prudy to Balaklavsky Prospekt) and No. 39 (from the same Chistye Prudy to University).

Two express routes (#144 and #904) have been slightly modified. Both will depart from Kitai-Gorod, passing through Okhotny Ryad, Theater Square and Lubyanka. Further, No. 144 follows Leninsky Prospekt to Teply Stan, and No. 904 follows Leningradsky Prospekt in Mitino. As for the "letter" routes, then

First of all, we are talking about the famous "Bukashka" - trolleybus "B", which will continue to run on the usual route along the Garden Ring.

The new bus route "A" is, in fact, a well-forgotten old one, it partially repeats the tram route that existed in Moscow at the beginning of the 20th century. From October 8, it will run from Three Station Square to the Luzhniki Stadium, covering the western part of the Boulevard Ring from Trubnaya Square to Kropotkinskaya. For the eastern part of the boulevards, as mentioned above, the tram "A" will be "responsible".

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Regional routes are not as popular among passengers as trunk routes, so they will run a little less often, once every 10-15 minutes. As Gazeta.Ru was informed in the department of transport, the main difference between regional routes and main routes lies in the interval. In all other respects, district routes will go their own way along the central streets in the same way, but they are shorter in length than the main ones. Eight trolleybus and seven bus routes have received the district category, they will be marked with blue signs.

Their numbers won't change, so you won't need to memorize new ones, but some of the streets they follow will be different.

This is done so that the transport does not make extra loops and goes to the goal as quickly as possible.

If you decide to take a ride, for example, on the regional trolleybus route No. 3, which used to run from Samotechnaya Square to Milashenkova Street, then you will need to get on it at the Mayakovskaya metro station. The t15 route, as before, will help you get from Luzhnetsky passage through Kropotkinskaya along the Boulevard Ring to the Maryina Roshcha metro station, and from there to the southern exit from the VDNKh metro station. And, let's say, the 156th bus will take you from the Nagatinskiy backwater through Andropov Avenue and Taganskaya to Kotelnicheskaya embankment.

Social routes run even less frequently than district routes. But their main task is not to deliver passengers to the center as quickly as possible, but to go around the maximum number of socially significant places along the way, that is, polyclinics, multifunctional centers, councils, social services, and so on. Social routes marked in pink will run every 20-30 minutes.

Like the main and regional routes, social buses will either drive into the center from residential areas or go directly through the central part of Moscow.

For example, bus number 64 will run from the Luzhniki stadium through the Garden Ring and the Smolenskaya metro station to Peschanaya Square. And, say, the K route will follow the ring from Okhotny Ryad through Lubyanka, Kitay-Gorod, Raushskaya Embankment, the Udarnik cinema and the Lenin Library.

Night routes will remain virtually unchanged, except that H1, H2, H3, H4, H5 and H6 will now stop in one place - on Slavyanskaya Square near the Kitai-Gorod metro station. The rest of the night routes will remain the same as before, as well as the interval of their movement - once every 30 minutes.

Dedicated striped flight

The mayor's office expects that the launch of the Magistral project will increase the popularity of surface public transport and unload the central metro stations that are traditionally packed to capacity. Passengers will save up to 30% of travel time, Alina Bisembayeva, deputy head of the transport department, told Gazeta.Ru. “Regularly running transport will appear in the city center, which will enable residents of the Central District and passengers who work in the center to get to their destination without wasting time on the road to the metro, going underground and transferring between lines,” she added. Optimization and straightening of routes will reduce the average traffic interval on the central routes by more than two times.

So that ground transport does not get stuck in traffic jams, dedicated lanes will open for them where necessary.

The Department of Transportation assures that the traffic management scheme is designed so that the delays of private cars because of this are minimal.

But they do not hide how the city's priorities are actually distributed. “73% of citizens moving around the city use public transport. And one of the most important priorities in our work is to ensure the comfortable movement of public transport, ”the Gazeta.Ru department said.

Experts believe that the organization of additional "separate lanes" will not lead to a significant increase in traffic jams - there will simply be nowhere for them to form, especially since in recent years many streets in the center of Moscow have already been very narrowed. “The wider the roadway becomes, the more motorists decide to drive on these roads. Thus, no matter how you expand the roads, they will be filled to capacity. In order to accommodate all motorists, 60% must be paved, and this is impossible. When the street narrows, including due to dedicated lanes, motorists quite quickly abandon personal transport in favor of public transport, ”says Morozov from City and Transport.

Alexander Chekmarev, an expert at Probok.net, adds that

There are traffic jams even now, “it’s just that all vehicles usually stand in them, and after the launch of the project, only personal vehicles will stand, while buses will be able to pass through.”

He also noted that there is no need to travel exactly in the center of Moscow by personal transport: “It is difficult to find a parking space, you constantly have to stand in traffic jams, so, perhaps, motorists themselves will switch to public transport and there will be less traffic jams.” And with the launch of the project, public transport will be launched where it has not been in recent years, for example, along the southern part of Petrovka.

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However, the project also has a number of shortcomings. One of the main ones is that

the traffic pattern has been significantly redrawn, and passengers will now have to get used to new numbers, new intervals and new routes,

no matter how comfortable they end up being. They promise to post new diagrams with detailed explanations at stops, but several months of confusion are almost certainly guaranteed.

“There will be routes with the same numbers: with the letter “M” and without the letter “M”. For example, there will be bus No. 4 and No. M4. The numbering system needs to be simplified, otherwise people will get confused. I would suggest leaving successive numbering: similar routes should keep the same numbers, - said Kirill Yankov, chairman of the Passenger Union of Russia, to Gazeta.Ru. - In addition, it would be better if each route of land transport in Moscow was designated by one unique number. Now there are no more than a thousand routes in the city, and the numbers should be enough for each of them.

At the same time, Alexander Morozov, on the contrary, believes that it is correct to designate routes with both letters and numbers. “So you can immediately understand whether the bus runs frequently on this route or not, that is, the passenger is confident in the regularity of buses, just like in metro trains. A similar numbering system has been introduced, for example, in New York and Berlin. And

Berliners know the system of bus routes by heart, as Muscovites know the subway scheme,

Morozov noted.

According to the expert, until now, while the routes in Moscow were only numbered, people did not understand how often they go. “In addition, the traffic pattern itself was a “pasta network”: the route can go along the avenue, and then dive into some courtyards and an abyss. Traffic in the city center was completely destroyed under Luzhkov, when one-way traffic around the Kremlin was introduced. Finally, Moscow has come to make an oncoming lane on Okhotny Ryad,” he added.

Yankov from the Union of Passengers agrees that the Magistral is a major step forward for urban transport, but is convinced that further improvements to the system are needed. “Less routes should have ended in the center, on Lubyanskaya and Slavyanskaya squares, and more routes should have been “dragged” through the center. It is unlikely that anyone will take buses with a transfer through the center, the metro is better suited for this, the expert says. - It is also worth launching direct buses that travel on routes other than the metro. Say, Novy Arbat and Prospekt Mira could be connected by one route, given that there is no direct transfer from the orange metro line to the blue one. Such a route would look very correct.

Lubyanka is preparing for the assault

Questions are also raised by the potential demand for the new system among passengers. Of course, this is what the mayor's office wants to achieve, but will the new transport network withstand the load and will the situation repeat itself when, after the reform of minibuses, legal buses are often packed to capacity? Additional buses, trolleybuses and trams will be launched specially for the Magistral, totaling 370 vehicles. “After the launch of the route network, we will constantly monitor the congestion of routes and rolling stock,” the Department of Transport said.

Another point of contention is the organization of "day" and "night" transfer hubs on Lubyanka and Slavyansky squares. However, the department is confident that the infrastructure will cope with the passenger flow. “There are quite a lot of transport hubs in the city, the daily passenger flow of which is 100,000 or more people per day. Changing routes and transport schemes within the framework of the Highway project will not affect the change in the environment in these areas, ”the department stressed.

However, experts note that on the same Lubyanka there is still not enough normal infrastructure for passengers: most of the crossings are underground, the interval of pedestrian traffic lights on the zebras is too short, so getting to the bus stop is sometimes much longer than going down to the subway.

“I think that transfer points at Lubyanskaya and Slavyanskaya squares are a temporary measure,” says Alexander Morozov. - Ideally, the routes should pass through the center, dock in pairs with each other and form diameters that pass through the center. These diameters should deviate from metro stations to compensate for the lack of a subway in certain areas of the center. In any case, now the main task is to restore through traffic through the center.”

Kirill Yankov from the Union of Passengers believes that traffic jams can be avoided if the bus cycle is kept within 5-10 minutes. “How the movement of personal vehicles on Lubyanskaya and Slavyanskaya squares will change in reality depends on the volume of traffic,” he added. “I think that there will be no crowds of passengers at these large transfer points, because the subway will still remain the main trunk transport.”