Floating projects and drawings of cabins. How to build a house on the water. If I rent out my floating dacha registered in the Gims as a small boat, will I have to re-register it in the river register

Floating house "Edem" is a comfortable house with an area of ​​20 m², which has: two separate cabins, a kitchen-bar, a bathroom; in the stern, under a rigid awning, there is an open terrace - a platform (6.2 m²), where a dining room can be placed. The entrance to the living quarters in the stern is through the sliding door on sp. 10 and in the nose - through a sliding door-hatch on the frontal wall of the cottage.

General view, layout, hull design and outline sketch
floating cottage "Edem"

Construction of a floating ship

The floating cottage is built of wood. Waterproof plywood, pine slats, fiberglass, epoxy and fasteners should be purchased based on the specification and shop drawings. The construction of buildings is no different from the traditional process, repeatedly described in "KiYa".

Using the table of plasma ordinates, draw all the frames in full size. Semi-frame frames are made - two sets for both boats (they are the same, PB and LB are symmetrical).

Table of space ordinates for the construction of hulls of the floating ship "Edem"

The slipway for assembling the catamaran with the keel up consists of two planed beams set to the horizon, at a distance from one another (along the axes) of 2600 mm. Cross beams (det. 5) are installed according to the markings at a height from the slipway indicated in the table, and are mounted on strong racks. They are placed on them, and after checking the perpendicularity and verticality of all structural elements, frames are attached; put up books.

Longitudinal connections are cut into frames and beams, after fixing them and drying, the exposed set is reduced. Now the hulls and the bridge can be sewn up with plywood. The sewing is done on glue with screws (along the frames) and nails in a bend (along the stiffeners).

The hulls and the bottom of the bridge are pasted over with fiberglass in several layers, after drying and stripping, they are painted.

Only after that, the catamaran can be carefully (until the deck is sewn up) turned over to set it on the horizon, remove the wane in the hulls and paint it with waterproof paint from the inside. The bridge is filled along the entire height of the cross beams with lightweight foam.

The bridge is covered with plywood. Deck holes are cut out (350-450 mm. 8 pcs.), coamings and hatches are installed. It is better to assemble the side walls of the superstructure, bulkheads and the roof into volume - in the form of separate sections, immediately rivet the stiffeners and cut out the windows.

The front wall of the superstructure must be bent along a radius of 2060 mm and fixed on a strapping previously glued from flat rails (curved along the same radius), then you can install a strapping for the door and windows.

The drum of the bathroom enclosure is placed at a distance from the deck to the roof. Reinforcements are installed under the units of the utility block and sofas, which must be made folding so that access to the hatches in the buildings is opened.

Of course, you can assemble the superstructure in another way - expose the frame and then sew it up with separate sheets of plywood.

It remains to install glazing, hang doors, mount hatches and railings (pipe, stainless steel). Flat tanks with drinking and technical water can be placed on the roof, in front of sp. 5.

Then they mount the remote control of the motors and navigation lights.

Yuri Zimin, master of sports, "Boats and yachts", 2004, No. 01 (188).

Once an elderly amateur boatmaster came to our office. Introduced himself. He said that he had come in without a special purpose - just to show the color photographs of his vessel, which had just been received from the studio, built according to the drawings of "KiYa", which, by the way, he was very pleased with. When we saw in the photo an elegant 8-meter floating boat going under "Neptune-23" and recognized in it the old project "Birches" published back in 1964, we immediately asked Alexei Pavlovich to write for "KiYa" at least a small note.

In passing, we recall that once the serial production of a floating boat according to the same project, but somewhat longer (authors V.N. Aladin, E.S. Zhuravlev, V.K. Lapin) was supposed to be mastered by the Svir Shipyard. The prototype built and tested () turned out to be too heavy, laborious and, most importantly, expensive. "Beryozka" did not go into the series for sale to the population. Over the following years, the editorial office received only a few reports about the construction of motor floating boats of similar dimensions in our country ().

Obviously, in the current conditions, when there is a clear interest in "slow" large boats, it is worth drawing attention to the forgotten, or rather, the type of vessel for family recreation on the water that has not taken place.

On the other hand, it is worth introducing readers to the builder of Beryozka himself - an outstanding person with golden hands, now a mechanic for instruments and equipment of the Pavlovsk Institute of Physiology of the USSR Academy of Sciences. Agree, not everyone is able today to build a really comfortable ship with a usable area of ​​​​almost 20 square meters. meters, and everywhere you can safely straighten up even a person above average height. And at the same time, to do and finish everything so carefully and lovingly that his "Birch" is usually considered an imported product - a Finnish-built boat. It is also admirable that Aleksey Pavlovich built his ship virtually alone, and even all the equipment (except, as it turned out, the toilet bowl) was made with his own hands.

At first, the builder strictly followed the drawings given in the "KiYa", but then - both during the construction and already during the first years of operation of the floating house - he made quite a few rather interesting changes and improvements.

To prevent the transom from “dragging water”, the stern contours have been changed. The layout has been improved - the bathroom has been fenced off; a small fire appeared; the aft cockpit is covered with an awning; the control post has become more convenient; a balcony was made on the transom, etc., etc. At the stern, on the davits, an ace was hung - an inflatable. The propeller "Neptune" is equipped with an annular nozzle; the motor itself is not just hung on the transom, but is placed on a welded bracket. The system of two stern oars invented by the author, which deserves the highest praise, was used as an auxiliary emergency propulsion system. On Istomin's "Beryozka" one never ceases to be surprised at even the simplest things. The original folding sink-sink with a drain into the toilet. Even the design of the stove pipe is unusual: its operation is based on the use of the effect of rarefaction of air...

In a word, the amateur designer put his talent and experience, his soul into every detail, every knot. (He whose most interesting developments will be described in the following issues.)

The editorial office receives a large number of letters that begin the same way: "Help me buy, where to get it, where to order it, etc." Alexey Pavlovich's story about the far from simple 20-year history of making his dream come true will help find answers to such questions, instill confidence in the souls of novice shipbuilders who trembled at the sight of seemingly insurmountable difficulties.

Having already completed the third navigation, my "Birch" returned to Koltushi, to its native boathouse - to the winter parking. And in the new spring, she will, as befits a self-respecting ship, preen, not really, however, following the changeable fashion. Along the way, something will drop the excess, which has not justified itself. Something new will acquire, not designed for an external effect, but rational, in which there is a clear need.

This motor cottage for recreation on the river open spaces was built by me for twenty years! Analyzing the accumulated experience, I can say that this work, working almost alone and daily from 18.00 to 24.00 (plus weekends and holidays), could well have been completed in two years. The remaining eighteen left to search, purchase and deliver materials and tools. Basic materials were purchased only when their legal purchase and sale was confirmed by a document. Otherwise, the labor expended would have been in vain, because the registration of a boat without documents for materials was excluded.

Basic data of the floating dacha "Beryozka"

During the summer, free from burdensome domestic duties, I spent time among the village freemen, mostly on the river. Bathing, catching ruffs, cooking unusually tasty potatoes in cast iron...

In 1933, moving away from collectivization, we left the village and moved to Rybinsk. And three years later they proceeded along the same Sheksna on a passenger steamer with an incomprehensible name "Sovnarkhoz" - now to the city of Cherepovets. They sailed past Matyukovo. Oh, how my heart ached at the sight of my native village, deserted and devastated, sailing forever out of our lives. My homeland was preparing for the “flood”: this place later became a reservoir. I had a chance to visit different countries, I saw a lot of beautiful landscapes, tidy cities, but all this only intensified that sad feeling that is called nostalgia, longing for my native shores, where uncomplicated childhood flowed and which cannot be seen again.

In Cherepovets, we settled on Havansky Island, in a new two-story house, together with the family of another riverman-helmsman - Leonid Alexandrovich. I still remember how pleasant it was to watch when he worked amazingly easily and beautifully with wood. The ax in his hands seemed weightless.

Here, in the harbor, on an island separated from the city by the Yagorba River, I found myself, as if by the fabulous Blue Sea. Uncle Sasha - the head of the water bath, hobbled on a prosthesis, gave me a boat (of the "dori" type). He didn't even know how happy it was for me. I spent the whole summer on the water again. In addition to fishing - raising firewood from the bottom of the Yagorba for firewood, riding girls and guys, transporting workers to the Cholu railway line. In the evenings I was fond of watercolor. I also tried to paint with oil paints on canvas, but, not knowing the basics of technology, I left this occupation.

My father then worked in the "Technical section of the path and construction" of the NWRP as the captain of the steamer "Koltsov". It is not surprising that I was my man in the backwater, I went to ship repair shops. I was interested in many things. Once, when I saw electric welding for the first time in my life, out of ignorance I seriously hurt my eyes, I couldn’t close them for two nights: the electric welder must have turned out to be an evil person - he didn’t warn me not to look at the arc. I was then already 13 years old.

That summer, I had the idea to build a wheeled tug, propelled, of course, by “our own ferry”. I managed to interest a friend - Vitka Petrov, the son of a diver. The first step was to "requisition" at night a few plywood pasta boxes lying around the pier in the open air. A month later, we built a superstructure on the hull of our plywood ship, mounted wheels with a crank, and painted them. An almost real tugboat received the wonderful name "Young Water Worker".

When it was launched into the water - into the Yagorba River - we did not notice a thunder of applause, but, no doubt, aroused a lively interest. Who doesn't want to take a ride on an almost real-life paddle steamer? The queue quickly set up. In obedience to the requirement to keep order, the children patiently stood on the shore.

A thunder of applause and an award awaited us ahead.

Once, on a quiet sunny day, it was decided to go up the Yagorba, go around the city and find out where this river originates. Vitka acted as a car - he turned the wheels - and a driver. I was captain, helmsman and stoker. The stoker was required to make smoke come out of the chimney. Otherwise, what kind of ship?

Going around the peninsula, on which someone's goat serenely grazed, we moved towards the wooden bridge connecting our Havana island with the city. The wheel plates slapped busily, creating a wave and a wake behind the stern. Somewhere beyond the Cathedral Mountain, the shrill-metallic sound of a pioneer horn arose, breaking the triumph of the velvet peace overflowing over the river. And then a continuous snow-white ribbon, adorned with bright red ties and flags, appeared, descending down the road from the mountain, slowly flowing onto the bridge. With shrill, abrupt sounds of bugles and erratic drumming, the pioneer column, which seemed endless, moved harmoniously and efficiently. There is no attention for us. The feeling of fleeting resentment for the indifference to our steamer of these girls and boys going to the camps - the townspeople, as we called them, was replaced by a feeling of superiority over them. Vitka and I are free birds, an independent people. We are not guarded by nannies-counselors. We only do what we love...

But something happened on the bridge. The pioneer column was swept away like a whirlwind. Screaming furiously, out of control, a mass of children rushed to the railing, desperately waving ties, Spanish caps, waving flags. It was as if the bugles sang alarm or delight and everyone was shouting something to us, pointing at us with their hands, beckoning us to them.

It was our triumph with Vitka. We took a course under the bridge. There was silence. With bated breath, we were eagerly examined by sharp, inquisitive eyes. There was a silent fuss. They rubbed the lucky ones, hanging with their stomachs on the railing, wanting to see the curiosity. The slapping of flats was distinctly audible, and the sniffling of a child on the bridge. "Young water worker", sham smoking, confidently passed under the bridge. We hear the patter of children's feet hurrying to take the railing of the bridge from the other side. We pass about a hundred meters, make a left turn and again go under the bridge. Then, moving away along our route, we see how these townspeople, who have become somehow closer, are waving their hands in unison after us.

The next day, with the help of Havana girls, a photojournalist from the Cherepovets newspaper Kommunist found me. Vitka, unfortunately, was not found, and I had to be photographed alone.” It was embarrassing.

The newspaper with the picture came out about a month later. My father showed me. I then stayed with him on the ship, on the voyage, hosted in the cabin "The caption under the photo for some reason reported that it was not Alyosha Istomin, but Lenya Vereshchagin who was depicted

That same summer, together with Vitka, we were photographed by two newspapermen from the Water Transport. I still don’t know if our Young Vodnik appeared on the pages of this newspaper ...

These are the sources that have fed my desire all my life - the dream of building a large comfortable boat. A lot of water has flowed under the bridge since then. My name is not among the heroes, but I do not grieve about it. I have seen Antarctica and the "roaring forties", the formidable North Atlantic and volcanoes near Reykjavik. I visited the ports of many countries of the world.

But now it's time to go ashore.” Having returned from Antarctica, in a conversation with colleagues, I expressed the idea of ​​building a large boat together for fishing and recreation on the river. As a prototype, I proposed the well-known boat “No. 13” of the SZRP fleet. The idea was supported. At first, they planned to make the hull steel, but it turned out that it was easier to purchase plywood for cash. When this plywood was delivered to the location of the future shipyard, an attempt was made to collect from potential fishermen The money I spent turned out to be unrealizable. Anglers were not able to fish "in clean water". And I turned out to be the owner of plywood folded in a shed.

One day, going into a bookstore, I stumbled upon Boats and Yachts (1964) quite by accident. I have never seen such a magazine before. I was immediately interested in the Beryozka floating ship project. The design was not particularly difficult. If you have patience, you can overcome.

Having drawn to his wife a tempting picture of recreation and travel along the rivers, he found mutual understanding and, therefore, "sanctioned" the unhindered spending of funds from the family budget. And he began to act.

He begged in his organization (with payment by check) for more plywood and logs. Then there was the question of planks for the barn. Indeed, for the construction of a floating house, a whole boathouse with an area of ​​​​at least 100 m 2 was needed. There were no boards anywhere. “But all my life it’s been going on in such a way that only fools are given a treasure!” Four scows of waste from a woodworking plant were brought to the base where I worked as firewood for a kindergarten - a slab saturated with water, which, as it turned out, was impossible to set fire to with kerosene in the furnace. ”I exchanged this raw slab for dry birch firewood and as a result in the spring, with the help of his sons and relatives, he knocked together a good shed.

I dragged a frame from an old bus into the barn - a future trailer. Above the frame on poles, I assembled a slipway from two 2-inch boards 200 mm wide. He laid a floor around forty, laid out plywood with graph paper on it and smashed the plaz - he depicted the outlines of the frames strictly according to the table of ordinates given.

The construction of the hull was carried out with the keel up, nowhere deviating from the drawings given in the magazine.

From dry planed boards, I connected ten frames and transoms with BF-2 glue, screws and plywood knots. I set the transverse set with the help of a hose level. ”I laid a keel board on the frames, connected it with a set of steel knots 150X150, welded at my request at the plant in Cherepovets (from waste).

Bending the stringers with a section of 40X80 mm in the bow of the hull turned out to be the most difficult thing. ”I had to set up patterns in the form of racks (on the street, near the barn wall) and pre-soften the ends of the rails in a steel pipe with a welded bottom (diameter 110 mm) filled with ammonia water, which I got it at the state farm, where it was used to feed vegetable crops ”And with all that, when installing stringers, I had to call on my wife to help.

After the malkovka, plywood was laid on the set. The sheets were carefully trimmed one to another and fastened to the set with thickly grated paint with screws. The most time-consuming operation was bending 10 mm plywood on the bow of the bottom. I did this without unpacking the workpieces with the help of stops and wedges that rested against the roof and walls of the barn.

Assembly technology was thought out in the course of work. When driving screws, a low-speed drill with a power of 400 W was used with a supply voltage of 110 V through an autotransformer from a 220 V network.

Sheets of plywood were joined on strips-overlays on thickly grated paint with a gasket in the form of a tape of rare fiberglass on galvanized MB screws with a countersunk head.

In fact, I was not familiar with the construction of ships. I had to use the literature in the Public Library, where I was admitted with difficulty - only as a war veteran, since there is no higher education.

The recesses above the screw heads on the bottom and sides were filled with PN-3 resin with birch sawdust. After sanding, the skin surfaces were covered with a layer of fiberglass on the same resin. By the way, the steel strips bought at the factory had a triangular cross-sectional shape, so I had to tinker a lot to make the triangles look like a rectangle. The outside of the hull was painted with pentaphthalic paint.

The next operation, which took a lot of effort, is tilting - turning the body into a normal position without disassembling the shed. To many, this operation seemed unthinkable, but I thought it through even before laying the floating vessel. Steel box-shaped grips with earrings for the bow and stern transoms and forepeak bulkheads were manufactured and installed according to the DP. The weight of the hull was transferred to wooden blocks, and the slipway under it was dismantled. High poles were dug in front of the transoms, braced with steel strips extending beyond the walls of the shed and fixed to the eyelets, dug in with “dead” anchors to a depth of about 70 cm. He hung two hoists for the earrings of the poles. The free hooks of these hoists were connected through welded rings to a steel tubular axle passing through the transom grip earrings.

Such an ingenious device allowed me alone to lift and then turn over like a cradle, and put on five keel blocks an eight-meter hull, which had a width of more than 3 m, in ten minutes.

Now I laid the deck and set to work on the superstructure. I started with the installation of an awning over the bow cockpit. From the stern, the awning rests on steel short “hogs” at the corners of the superstructure, and in the bow - on the pillars standing on the forepeak deck. The supports are reinforced with wooden fillers.

For the possibility of lifting the vessel with a crane, four eyelets are provided; structurally, the attachment points of the eyelets are connected with the hull set in the same way as the bollards and bow duck.

Now about the floating equipment.

Which, in my opinion, can be attributed to the shortcomings of the Beryozki project published in KiYa, which reduce its comfort and ease of use:

• 1 - wind and splash protection aprons are not provided around the bow cockpit, lowered at night and during wind with rain, which leads to the cockpit filling with rainwater;
• 2 - the same story with the aft cockpit, but, moreover, it is completely unprotected from above;
• 3 - there is no lattice platform on the transom, which is necessary for going into the water while swimming, and just to get water, wash;
• 4 - a big drawback is the lack of a latrine;
• 5 - cabin heating is not provided; there is nowhere to dry off when the need often arises on the water, especially in autumn bad weather;
• 6 - running lights and lighting in the cabin are not provided;
• 7 - there is no emergency (manual?) mover in case of failure of the motor installation;
• 8 - the method of launching the vessel into the water, raising it to the shore and transporting it to the parking lot is not thought out;
• 9 - there are no lockers for storing food and necessary property, there is not even a hint of a gas tank, a water tank;
• 10 - fire-fighting equipment and its location are not provided;
• 11 - no life-saving equipment; there is no inflatable boat, no water pump with hoses;
• 12 - there is not at least the simplest sailing armament;
• 13 - not a word is said about the anchor, its design, mass, storage;
• 14 - you just need a nose stop on the shore when parking, so that the body does not wear out on stones, pebbles and sand;
• 15 - remote control of turn, gas and reverse from the driver's seat is not mentioned. Oh, by the way, and it doesn't show how the outboard motor is installed;
• 16 - a ladder for going ashore, an emergency pole, a hook, a treadmill are not provided;
• 17 - there is no locker for the battery.

1973 My wife and I are moving to a new place of residence, leaving an unfinished boat unattended. A week later, I go in and find that under the barn with the boat, a channel has been drawn from the garbage dump located above. Working in the barn is unbearable. Who could do it?

Winter came. In order not to freeze the freshly made columns, the chairman of the village council ordered to open them. A lot of water leaked over the winter to no avail, but the worst thing is that, having washed out a huge garbage heap, the water filled my shed overnight, and the boat froze into this stinking ice at the waterline. For a whole month, at night and on weekends, I cut down, dug, melted this ice with a blowtorch, so there was no time for construction. Most of all, I feared that with the intensification of frost, the ice would tear the hull ...

Spring came. On one of the first fine days, having dismantled the wall of the shed, I hired a tractor and rolled out my Birch on a trailer. The move went smoothly, and soon we arrived at the new parking lot.

For three years “Birch” stood in the open air on a trailer, until I had a chance to buy a decommissioned “Tourist” cafe in the District Consumer Union for 800 rubles. Having dismantled it, I received boards for the walls and glass slate for the roof of a new boathouse. As if wanting to get lucky, someone burned down a two-story wooden school (near the fire brigade), and for participating in its dismantling, I got twelve logs, which went to the poles.

During this period, I visited the North Atlantic, Iceland and, at my leisure, managed to develop and build a fireplace with a removable pipe on the roof of the cabin with enhanced traction. Then I made a gangway and a lattice balcony platform in the stern.

When the boathouse was ready, I rolled a floating boat into it and began to mount and equip the superstructure. At the same time, a stern awning covered with a thick greenhouse film was developed and manufactured, a combined bathroom was equipped, a supply tank for water, a manual sump pump (it also serves to supply water to the tank), a 150-liter fuel tank (in the stern on the port side) ) and etc.

Two words about the water tank. I cleaned the fuel tank from the tractor found at the landfill from rust: poured sand, small stones inside and shook it for a long, long time "Then I poured primers and rolled from side to side, draining the excess. After drying, I painted it in the same way.

Now a few words about the power plant. After analyzing the existing outboard motors, my choice fell on the Neptune-23. True, when buying it, I was, as they say, “married”. Having collected the money, he began to go shopping in search of a motor, but the Neptune disappeared just at that time! Finally appeared, but for some reason the price soared from 360 to 540 rubles. I am upset, but I borrow the missing 180 rubles, and make a long-awaited purchase. A month or two later - a knockout: "Neptune" again turns out to be at the old price! Now I reassure myself that this wonderful motor has been discontinued and now you can’t buy it for any money.

He made a single-lever control with gas and reverse according to the drawings of "KiYa". At the request of the sailing rules, he installed a fuel collection system when pouring it out of the carburetor. I put a float drowner protruding beyond the hood on the carburetor. I fixed a handle on the hood for the convenience of tilting the motor. I found all these useful improvements on the pages of the magazine.

I operate the motor with a cargo propeller with a pitch of 220 mm. A good effect is given by an annular nozzle, again made on the advice of "KiYa"; it provides a speed increase of about 2 km / h. Now I am working on the creation of a screw with a reduced pitch of 180 mm.

The desire to alleviate the difficult fate of the motor in every possible way led to the creation of a transom attachment (with a lift up) for a smoother flow around the stern. This improvement also had a positive effect on speed, so that the course of 11-12 km / h can be considered guaranteed.

For movement in the event of an outboard motor failure, a system was designed with two special oars connected by hinged rods. The oars are attached to the aft transom and swing in a plane parallel to the midship frame. I must say that I was also satisfied with one large aft oar of the “yulow” type (). However, the speed with the "yulow" was less. And with the new system, I have about 5 km / h and, as experience has already shown, I can, if necessary, get off the ship's passage on my own, without really straining.

To increase speed and save fuel with a fair wind, auxiliary sailing equipment in the form of a direct sail is provided, but it has not yet been practically tested.

A collapsible mast (5 m high), as well as retractable hooks, hooks, foot stock are stored on the wheelhouse, fixed with brackets. Two life buoys, two fire extinguishers and an inflatable boat "LGN-2", suspended in an inflated condition on a davit in the stern, are constantly ready for use.

My passion for the construction of "Birch" seemed completely unusual to those villagers who surrounded me. I did not quarrel with anyone, I was not fond of alcohol - I was completely occupied with an interesting business and, perhaps, from the outside I looked like an alien. And someone annoyed, not suspecting it. Subsequently, I was told that, it turns out, they complained about me to the OBKhSS, the village council, the district committee and even the regional committee, as if I were secretly making a personal atomic bomb.

The gates of my shipyard were always open, I willingly explained to those who wished why and why I spend my free time so diligently. Whether they believed me that I find pleasure in this, I do not know. I just know that not everyone likes to work, but everyone likes to get a lot. Maybe that's why many were sure that Beryozka was being built for sale ...

Land people do not even know what pleasure a person gets in dealing with water, what a wonderful rest it is from all worries when you hear the gentle splash of river waves on the shore. And sail on your ship where you want and how you want.

However, there are, of course, limitations. Before building my unusual family boat, I was planning long trips, but my good intentions stumbled upon some measures of my government: gasoline prices “swelled up”. If only for this reason, I have to be content with short routes: Chernaya Rechka - Petrokrepost - a little Lake Ladoga and the Novoladozhsky Canal up to 15-20 kilometers. That's all for now. But this is not so small and not bad at all!

For those who want to follow in my footsteps and build a floating house, I can advise: the main thing is to be patient. Patience and accuracy are the keys to the success of such a construction!

The project of this floating cottage based on a 9.5-meter jet boat with simplified contours, developed by Ya. Kobachevsky. He also built a solid hull with double diagonal planking of pine boards, lined on the outside with 3 mm sheets of AMg-3 alloy. finish building floating house happened to me. This task was complicated by the fact that after the death of the designer, all the sketches and diagrams he had made were lost.

To some extent, the vessel is similar to the Beryozka, the project of which was published in the third issue of Boats and Yachts (1964), but, as it turned out, the hull was designed long before the release of the collection, but during the completion and equipment of the Yanta information from "KiYa" and all available materials were widely used.

An anchor chain 20 m long and two are stored in the forepeak. In the bow there is a "veranda" with two sofa-lockers on the sides, covered with a light duralumin awning of two halves connected on a piano hinge.

The superstructure has dimensions in terms of 5.0X3.0 m. Its walls and roof are made of bakelized plywood 10 mm thick; the roof is covered with epoxy resin. Wall height 1100 mm. Since the horizontal flooring (floor) is lowered below the deck (300 mm from the OL), the height of the rooms turned out to be 1800 mm. For thermal insulation, a layer of foam is laid along the walls and ceiling. The inner lining is made of mahogany decorative plywood and plastic with layouts along the beams. The side windows of the salon are made according to the type of trolleybus windows with sliding windows, the front viewing windows are made of plexiglass.

The aft cabin, separated from the salon by a sliding metal door, is equipped with built-in wardrobes for various purposes, hangers and shelves. There is also a kitchen table with shelves, a gas stove and a sink-sink, into which hot and cold water is supplied. Nearby is a combined bathroom - shower and latrine.

In the stern - in the engine compartment - a 45-horsepower Skoda 1201 automobile engine is installed with an additional casing on the exhaust manifold for heating water. Two gas tanks with a capacity of 80 liters are suspended below deck; canisters and an inflatable boat - a tuzik are also placed here. The deck of Yanta is covered with corrugated rubber mats on glyptal varnish.

The driver's post is located on the port side in the bow saloon, near the front window. Above the driver's head is a Plexiglas skylight.

For two years, in winter and summer, the whole family worked with great enthusiasm on the completion and equipment of the floating dacha. And then came the long-awaited moment of the first entry of "Yanta" into the voyage. What can be said in general about our vessel? This is a reliable and comfortable houseboat. Due to the high cabin, Yanta has a large windage, so the speed is directly dependent on the strength and direction of the wind and ranges from 15 to 20 km / h. Large weight causes significant inertia. It was also necessary to get used to the peculiarities of controlling the vessel due to the reaction of the jet of the water jet.

The career of the diver Pavel Zhemerov began in the waters of the Rybinsk lock, when the perestroika was already sinking. The graduate of the Voronezh school of divers had the honor of maintaining cleanliness and order in the waters of the local hydroelectric power station, being engaged in underwater maintenance of the mechanisms of the power plant. The work, as they say, is not dusty, but boring. The only thing that disturbed the measured flow of underwater everyday life was winter fishing enthusiasts and car enthusiasts diving from barges and ferries while crossing. In total, Pavel has about forty vehicles caught in the depths.

Most memorable is the incident when the driver of the Citroen, who was crossing from Myshkin on a dry cargo ship, suddenly climbed into the cab for some reason and turned on reverse gear - the car plunged into the water with one jump and sank. The driver lost consciousness from the impact... There, at a depth of fifteen meters, trying to attach the car to the cable of a crane, Zhemerov for a long time did not succeed in tying the head of the reckless driver to the steering wheel, so that while the foreign car was being lifted from the depth, it would not accidentally be torpedoed from the cab... Soon after this muddy story, Pavel quit his job as a diver and went, as they say, to the shore ...

Pavel Zhemerov: “I had a boat. With a cabin. Good, fast. You can fly over the entire Rybinsk reservoir from Myshkin to Uglich in an hour. Class! But there is no comfort. All kind of damp, always dirty and preoccupied ... Calmly drink a cup of coffee, eat culturally with a fork and knife - a whole story. And there was no thought about how to properly install a TV and a refrigerator. And okay, if I were still green and single. And then after all, forty years were approaching. I want to spend more and more time with my family and children. But what about the boat? Sell ​​and forget? ... However, from old imported films, I remembered scenes of some Belmondo or Pierre Richard sitting and beautifully drinking Beaujolais in an armchair on the deck of their boat, moored on the banks of the Seine at the foot of Notre Dame or at walls of the Louvre. Well, or somewhere on the canals of Amsterdam... It doesn't matter. In short, I wanted to build something that would be like a ship, but in terms of comfort it was not inferior to any city apartment. And, perhaps, and surpassed ... ".

The comfort that other shipbuilders try to organize on the water is initially limited by the capabilities of the base, the potential of the vessel they are trying to make a kind of upgrade. But when arranging a specific watercraft for your cute and quite appropriate, so to speak, whims, you have to remember all the time that you are dealing with a rusty tanker "Derbent" or a schooner "Trouble", launched from the stocks back in the days of Tsushima. And, like it or not, but if you start to improve some kind of barge, you will always have to, roughly speaking, dance from its design features. As soon as you start to decide how many beds, jacuzzis and tennis tables will be on the deck and in the cabins of your ship, you will always have to first remember how it was originally designed and planned.

At the same time, of course, there is no thought to question the sophistication of the builders of supra yachts, worth millions of dollars, where, like some, there may be a helipad, a golf course, a pool, and a gym. We are talking about the business class that is appropriate in Russia ...

Pavel Zhemerov: In a word, it became clear that something that I want to build should start not with the design of the bottom, but with the internal design. I grabbed a pencil. And when, as a result, two tons of comfort were calculated, I said to myself - you can start.

Didn't sleep all night. And neither light nor dawn went to the office. I sat and waited for one of the men to finally come to work. To talk...

Survivable trimaran

- Tell me, please, how all this structure is arranged. What is the main thing in it oh?

Modules... In other words, these are cylinders that are made of polyethylene by centrifugal casting. They are fixed in three sort of ribbons. Two side - twenty-six modules each. And one central - out of eight, where along with them all communications are powered. They are attached to the perimeter, to a welded metal platform with ordinary nuts cast into the modules. That is, here is the base of the trimaran.

What is the platform made of?

Square profile tube. And since any metal will still “walk” on the water, the task was to make all this welding strong.

- What is being done ahead of time? Is the platform welded first?

First you need to find out the general dimensions of the structure. And then cook the platform. Its length is 16.5 meters. Including fasteners for two power units. The weight of the metal platform is 650 kilos. 60 modules (40 kilos each) - 2400.

- You can learn more about the modules.

The invention is not new. All river moorings are on the same modules. But before, no one used them for movement. They used pantone technologies, which, unlike modular ones, basically have iron floating tanks. They have air inside, and stiffening ribs outside. To move a structure with so much metal under it, you need five or six engines. Not my case...

In addition, polyethylene is cheap and plastic. Even if some impacts occur from below during the movement of the vessel, it simply shrinks and decompresses. And if you break through a module made of iron, you have to go up to the dock. It is expensive, it costs about eight hundred thousand rubles. Plus welding. And here all modules are independent. Even if you hit one or two, nothing will happen. The house is still up and running. Of course, a list may appear, for example, on the nose. In this case, we simply approach the shore, unscrew the lower keel, remove the broken one, and instead put another one filled with air. Replaced and moved on. That is, the survivability of the vessel is very large.

The wall thickness of the module is one centimeter. The diameter of the module is 87 centimeters. Volume - 500 liters. Weight - 40 kilos. The length of this peculiar garland, in which the modules are assembled, is 14 meters 70 centimeters. From below, along their entire length, they are fastened with a metal channel, which in itself creates an additional stiffening rib, protecting the modules, for example, when they run aground. As a result, no wave will ever tear the modules off the platform.

- But you always need to have a few “reserves” ...

For two navigations, not one was required. But actually there are four spares.

Two tons of comfort and live weight

- How was the total weight of the “object” calculated?

Simple enough. Each module is five hundred liters. There are only sixty of them ... Next, we calculate the tonnage that the platform itself can carry with a perimeter of 16.5 by 6 meters. Then minus the weight of the superstructure. Two tons of payload remain. This means we can take on board twenty people weighing one hundred kege. But for greater safety, we take fifteen, since there is still gasoline in the tank of each engine, sewage, which, by the way, is also designed for 500 kilos.

- Furniture, plumbing, things ...

No, this is calculated in advance... It came to the point that we first weighed the sofa in the store, and only then delivered it. There was a clear general setting - to load approximately two and a half tons. Not more. After all, the very idea of ​​​​building a dacha was dictated by the lack of the desired comfort on any other watercraft. Accordingly, at first a person must imagine and plan this comfort for himself in advance, and only then proceed with construction.

You must realize in advance that if you want to put a fireplace there, and here, for example, a Slavic cabinet, then you need not 60 of these modules, but, roughly speaking, a hundred. It is necessary to think in detail what will be upstairs, how the dance floor will be organized, how you want to see the living space, and only then calculate the basis. First you need to plan comfort, and then proceed to the calculations of the main structure. If you want to have a washing machine or dishwasher, a jacuzzi, a gym, this must be done in advance. That is, everything in the jann case depends on the design!..

You can, of course, and vice versa. But if so, then, having built a floating house, and gradually adding loads in the form of interior items, you will have to proportionately reduce people.

Everything has to be balanced right now. And subsequently, roughly speaking, this sofa can no longer be dragged closer to the fireplace ...

If we load one corner, accordingly, the watercraft will “bite” in its direction ... We must calculate the whole situation as a whole. The heaviest thing on the floating house is four batteries of 60 kilos. Question: where to put it ... We chose a place closer to the stern.

That is, we understand that this is not just a house, but a floating house. And it introduces certain design obligations. Basically, so to speak.

On a ship it's the same. And on a submarine. Any ship must have a balance. If we make a greater load on one side than on the other, then we will get a roll. If we load the bow more than the stern, we get a trim. In this case, the vessel will lose its water stability. On the water. If there is an imbalance in the load, the ship may capsize and sink.

In this case, the main requirement is comfort. Roughly speaking, this is not in the submarine, or, let's say, in the last place. And here everything is done for him. And so that at the same time the ship still sailed on the seas - on the waves, kept the wave.

When we build an ordinary house, we start with the foundation. Not really thinking about the comfort that we want to create later. When we build the walls of the house, we are just starting to think about the layout. It's different here. First you need to think about what is inside, what will be the main thing - about the double bed, which will stand near the left wall. And about the owner, who weighs 130 kilos. In our case, we have two tons of comfort, which we must accurately, reasonably distribute, and two tons of people, this “live weight”. The furniture should be arranged so that when the guests sit down, there is no roll to one side. See how the sofas are arranged?

“It’s only now that I’m thinking and I’m starting to think…

If five come, it's one thing. If fifteen come, then we must already sit down. But not like this: “well, go sit there, not here.” Everything should be located reasonably so that everyone can comfortably position themselves.

And on the other hand, people rented a floating boat, the captain took them to the island, went to bed, and they drank and began to rearrange. Do they need to be warned about these rules of conduct every time? Or, it turns out, all the furniture must be firmly fixed to the floor.

Of course, if the boat is rented for a week, then together with the captain. And he won't make a mess. But in general, everything is so thoroughly arranged there that you can’t move anything.

The most important thing we faced was the ship's power supply. I wanted to have 220 and 12 volts on board. This was achieved with the help of batteries and inverters. At the same time, there was a special requirement for the generator - that it rumbled not around the clock, but only for four hours. Because I want to sleep in silence.

Small ship - small voyage

What material is the floor made of?

Larch with vacuum impregnation.

Why not plastic?

In theory, it is cheaper and has more positive buoyancy than the board, but - it's ridiculous to say - at the right time it was not at hand, but I did not want to waste time. But on the other hand, it is more pleasant to walk on a tree with bare feet. And not so slippery.

- Until what time of the year is it appropriate to continue the “summer season”? Until late autumn?

Until the thermometer drops to zero. There is also a simple single glass. stained glass plastic construction. Plastic and glass, as in the glazing of balconies. If it's cool, you can kindle the fireplace. But if it’s “minus” on the street, the windows simply begin to fog up, the room becomes very humid and not so comfortable.

- Why not put PVC?

I beg you... The total weight of the dacha is seven tons. Why weight it down?

- Were in the process of building the first alteration. Well, you know: they made, welded, screwed, looking - a mistake ...

Constantly. However, there were no specific errors in welding. But they were electrical. We start to run - it does not go. We take out the block, throw it away, put in a new one ... And this again falls on the cost price. The most expensive car is the first one assembled on your lap. And the one that is assembled on the conveyor, it is already several times cheaper.

Already in the production of the first floating boat, it probably regularly arose to celebrate the completion of each technological stage, bringing it closer to the final.

No. Before launching, no one drank for the floating boat ... I was generally very worried when it was lowered. I thought: now let it go, but it turns out that they calculated the load incorrectly, and it will sink. What a shame it will be before the workers!.. And the port workers are all sailors. They will say: the deputy is a moron, and he also wanted to become the mayor of Myshkin ... But she behaved well.

- Behind one and a half navigation. And how far have you gone?

The engine does not have a counter. There are motorcycles. As they say, "all roads lead, and all rivers flow" ... In short, with our speed, an hour of engine operation provides ten kilometers. It turns out that only three hundred - three hundred and fifty kilometers passed ...

- And what kind of breakdowns happened?

The emergency did not happen. But there were some problems. For example, the initially installed steering columns, which turned the engines, were made from improvised material - from ordinary electric windows from the Zhiguli, the ninth model. There, after all, the device is simple: rails with a tooth and a motor that was attached to the engine. They worked out the first navigation well, but the windows were afraid of dampness and began to stick. In short, they decided that it was safer and more reliable to install normal steering columns for a yacht. But it was not even a breakdown, but a flaw ..

- And what else?

The gas stove ran out of gas, toilet paper was quickly consumed, there were not enough supplies of drinking water ...

- Clear. And what about gas stations in these parts?

There are two of them. One in the Koprino bay, the other at the Rybinsk shipyard.

- Diesel?

92nd. But I, in order to save the engines, fill in the 95th. There are no other gas stations here. However, in the construction of the next watercraft, for safety reasons, I will use not gasoline, but diesel engines ... Diesel fuel is not so explosive.

As for the certification...

All this was built under the supervision of the State Inspectorate for Small Vessels (GIMS - author). I brought the guys from GIMS to the site at all stages of construction. They controlled everything. And when I finished, I said that I was going to test. According to the law, he hung a sign on board “tests are underway” and had the right to sail the whole navigation. And upon its completion, he again came to the GIMS and said: “Nothing has sunk, please fill it out.”

- They willingly went for it?

In general, there were no problems. This is their direct duty - the registration of small home-made and factory ships. If the watercraft does not exceed twenty meters in length, the same rights apply as for a motorboat. If over twenty, professional captain's papers are required.

- Did the Gimsovites check the first-aid kit, fire extinguishers?

Necessarily ... As well as watercraft, vests, circles, the work of marker lights.

- ...sound signal?

Buzzed!...

Recorded by Yuri Pankov

A house on the water is usually built near the shore. If it is planned to build such an unusual house within the city, then the future homeowner will certainly need to conclude a contract for the lease of the site. After obtaining numerous necessary permits, you can safely deploy the construction of a landing stage. Now we will try to figure out how to build a house on the water, since this is far from an easy task.

The project is a very important moment of construction. It is necessary to correctly perform all preliminary calculations regarding the size and carrying capacity of the structure, since the house must be a safe home for living people and in no case be a hindrance to ships and other floating facilities. In addition to the architect, a specialist from the Department of Shipping should be involved in the development of the project, since it is this Department that strictly controls the construction of the landing stage.

Foundation

The foundation in this case will be a conditional concept. A houseboat is usually installed on a pontoon. A pontoon is a kind of floating platform made of steel, plastic, wood or reinforced concrete. Modular plastic pontoons are often used as a pier or for light construction of small sizes, for example, gazebos.

Network engineering

Before the start of construction, after the development of the project, it is necessary to carry out the necessary urban communication engineering networks such as sewage system, water pipeline, electricity and others.

If the house under construction is located far from the city power grid, then autonomous energy supply (diesel generator, wind energy, solar energy) may well help out. Installed windmills and solar collectors can eliminate problems with electricity, and the latter will also help solve issues with hot water.

You can provide the landing stage with water from a drilled well located near the house on the shore, then you will have to apply to the Environmental Protection Agency for a special permit. This problem is also perfectly solved with the help of an on-board system for collecting, cleaning and supplying water directly from the reservoir.

With sewerage, things are a little more complicated. In addition to connecting the house to the sewer located on the shore, you can additionally install a cistern for the accumulation and storage of wastewater or connect to the coastal storm sewer system. As an option, it is possible to connect the landing stage to the wastewater treatment and disinfection system, followed by irrigation of the nearby area or discharge into a reservoir. Well-treated wastewater is used for watering plants, and when it enters a reservoir, biologically purified and oxygenated water will perfectly contribute to the natural process of post-treatment of the reservoir.

The biological treatment system has one significant drawback - it is an expensive option, but it is environmentally friendly and most economical.

As technical water, you can use water from:

• onshore well;
• urban system;
• reservoir (subject to availability of filters).

To create all the engineering systems of a house on the water, a serious professional approach will be required.

Construction

A fully equipped and safe house on the water can only be built by professional construction companies with a special license.

The house itself, on a ready-made foundation, can be built of wood or a light metal structure (preferably galvanized).

A variety of building materials are used to finish the facade:

• fake diamond;
• tree;
• siding (vinyl, wood, steel).

All building materials must be certified.

If it is planned to build a wooden house, then the wood must be treated with a fire retardant and an antiseptic.

So that the house does not heel from gusts of wind, even at the design stage it is very important to perform calculations to increase the stability of the structure.

After the construction of the landing stage is completed, there will still be a lot of trouble for its design, because the owner of the house actually becomes the shipowner. The lucky owner of the landing stage is waiting for the following additional stages:

• obtaining documents for the right of ownership;
• examination;
• commissioning (fire and sanitary and epidemiological inspection);
• getting a number;
• obtaining permission for mooring;
• home insurance (optional).

The owner will not be able to register in the dwelling, since the house on the water will be documented as a floating craft.

True, this does not stop everyone who wants to have such an unusual, exotic home that is not inferior in comfort to standard housing.

Video

If you want to build a house on the water, you will probably be interested in the following plot.