A whole city will be spread under the Lakhta Center tower. Gazprom started the countdown to the opening of the Lakhta Center Lakhta Center opening date: commissioning of the observation deck

One of the tallest buildings in Russia and Europe - the modern skyscraper Lakhta Center - is located in the Primorsky district of St. Petersburg. Its construction began in 2012, the building was put into operation in 2018, and the opening of the Lakhta Center is scheduled for early 2020. In addition to the Gazprom headquarters, there will be offices, scientific and business centers, an amphitheater, a sports club and other infrastructure. The main highlight of the tower will be an observation deck with a panorama of St. Petersburg and the Gulf of Finland. The cost of the Lakhta Center is estimated at $2.5 billion.

Observation deck Lakhta Center

The most anticipated object of the complex is the observation deck, which will be located at a height of 360 meters, on the top floor. It will be a panoramic platform with a 360° viewing angle and telescopes for a detailed view. High-speed elevators will operate to lift visitors. It is planned that the Lakhta Center observation deck will become one of the most popular tourist attractions in the city.

Christmas tree

Despite the fact that the official opening of the skyscraper has not yet taken place, Lakhta Center is already taking part in the cultural life of the Northern capital. In honor of the New Year's Eve, on December 31, festive lights were lit on the facade of the building, turning the tower into the world's tallest green Christmas tree.

Video of New Year's greetings:

Webcam Lakhta Center

At the moment, a webcam is installed at the level of the observation deck, which broadcasts the panorama of St. Petersburg and the Gulf of Finland in real time. You can see the popular sights of the city - the park named after the 300th anniversary of St. Petersburg, the stadium "Gazprom Arena", Yacht Bridge, Yelagin Island and other objects.

Floor plan and architecture

In connection with the wide media coverage of the construction of this facility, many are interested in the question “how many floors are there in the Lakhta Center and what will be there?”. According to the project, the tower has 87 floors, and the total area of ​​​​the premises is 400 thousand square meters. meters, of which 130 thousand square meters were allocated for offices. meters. It is planned to launch almost 40 elevators to move between floors. In addition to the main building, the complex includes two more buildings, which are located on the sides of the tower. Their height varies from 22 to 85 meters.

Project Lakhta Center

In addition to the observation deck and Gazprom's headquarters, the complex will house the following facilities:

• Panoramic restaurant Lakhta Center. The halls will be located on the 75th and 76th floors (about 320 meters high). It will be a nice alternative lookout. Based on the results of the selection of applicants for the creation of a restaurant, at the beginning of 2019, the management company announced the winner. They were well-known Russian footballers, the Berezutsky brothers, who proposed the concept of a Russian cuisine restaurant based on Russian-made products and unique recipes from all over the country.
• Multifunctional hall - transformer and congress center. The unique feature of this hall is that, if necessary, it can be divided into two rooms. This is the first such facility in St. Petersburg. The arrangement of seats and the configuration of the stage can be changed according to the format of the event. It is planned that concerts, performances, fashion shows and other events will be held in the transforming hall.
• Scientific and educational center. The main task of the scientific center will be to popularize science among the population. The center will be open to a wide audience, educational events will be held here - lectures, exhibitions. The exposition area reaches 7000 square meters. meters.
• Medical Center. The medical and diagnostic complex Lakhta Center is designed to provide services to residents of the Primorsky district of St. Petersburg. Equipped with the most modern equipment, the medical center will provide dental, therapeutic, surgical and other services.
• Sports complex. In the Lakhta Center, it is planned to create a large sports center with an area of ​​4600 sq. meters. Gyms, group exercise rooms, swimming pools, relaxation and health centers will be located here.
• Atrium, trading floors, expositions. For office workers and visitors to the skyscraper, there will be exhibition halls for art objects and works of art, a multimedia room, as well as cafes, canteens and shops.
• Offices. The management company offers offices for rent ranging from 650 to 2100 sq. meters. Detailed information from the administration, contacts can be found on the official website of the Lakhta Center.

At the foot of the tower, on the territory overlooking the bay, it is planned to erect amphitheater. Designed for 2,000 seats, the facility will be the first facility of this type in St. Petersburg. The amphitheater is oriented to the sea, according to the architects' intention, water or a coastal strip can act as a stage.

architectural solution

Since the building of the Lakhta Center has an extreme height, during the development of the project and construction, great attention was paid to the stability and safety of the structure. The main tower has a central core made of reinforced concrete, inside which the most important communications and security zones are located. The foundation of the skyscraper stands on 2080 piles, and the floors and columns are made of metal and concrete.

The architectural concept of Lakhta Center was developed by RMJM in 2011. As conceived by the authors, the outlines of the skyscraper fit perfectly into the landscape of St. Petersburg and form a harmonious combination with the spiers and domes of the Peter and Paul Cathedral.

The glazing of the Lakhta Center is made without joints, which makes the building lighter - the smooth walls of the facade reflect water and clouds.

How to get to Lakhta Center in St. Petersburg

Metro near Lakhta Center

The nearest metro station "Begovaya" is within walking distance from the skyscraper. The walk will take about 20 minutes, but while the tower is not working, you can admire it from the territory of the park of the 300th anniversary of St. Petersburg.

Route from metro to Lakhta Center:

The authorities plan to build a new metro station "Lakhta". The project is included in the metro development plan until 2025.

Ground transport

Near the Lakhta Center there is a public transport stop - "15th km Lakhta". Buses No. 101, 101a, 110, 211, 216 and minibuses No. 206, 210, 232, 305, 305a, 400, 405, 417, 425 run here.

In addition, for trips around St. Petersburg, you can use applications from taxi services Uber, Gett, Yandex. Taxi, Maxim, Taxovichkof, etc.

Lakhta Center presentation: video tour

Night illumination of Lakhta Center: panorama-google

The construction of the complex is completed. At the moment, finishing, installation work and improvement measures are being carried out inside the building. The opening was scheduled for the end of 2019.

Where is it located and how to get to Lakhta Center

Metro ("Begovaya") - 20 minutes walk from the complex. The construction of a transport interchange on Primorskoye Highway is underway, the updated traffic scheme will be approved after the commissioning of the facility. Also, a parking lot for several hundred cars will be built on the territory of the business center.

architectural concept

The project of the complex was developed in 2011 by the European agency RMJM. The concept reflected the main architectural symbols of the city: the spiers of cathedrals and the boundless sky. The tower "twirls" around its axis. The effect is created due to the fact that each new floor base is rotated by almost one degree relative to the axis of the tower.

Lakhta Center. Photo: news.yandex.kz

A feature of the skyscraper is laminated thermally reflective glass with a special matte coating in a gray-blue tint, which changes color depending on the intensity of the light. During the day, with a cloudless sky and a clear sun, the tower acquires a blue tint, in cloudy weather - gray or bronze. The glazing is smooth, thanks to which a special optical effect is achieved - white clouds seem to rise along the wall of the structure.

What is inside

The following facilities will be located in the public and business complex:

• Panoramic restaurant. The two-level restaurant is located at an altitude of 320 meters. Even before the opening, the restaurant was named the highest in Europe. The concept of the establishment is traditional Russian cuisine.
• Hall-transformer - a space that can be divided into two rooms. The configuration of the wall and the arrangement of chairs can change according to the format of the event.
• Planetarium. An ultra-modern center with unique optical and digital equipment, designed for a one-time presence of 140 people. The planetarium is equipped with a 16-meter dome screen, which displays a 3D projection of the solar system. Guests will be able to participate in a space show and walk on the surface of Mars.

planetarium project. Photo: lakhta.center

• Center for educational and scientific events. The exposition area is 7 thousand square meters. meters. The center will host master classes, scientific seminars and lectures for a wide audience.
• Sports complex. On a space of 4.6 thousand square meters. meters will accommodate gyms and fitness rooms, SPA-complexes, swimming pools and massage rooms.
• Medical Center. The multifunctional complex will provide high-quality medical services to residents of the Primorsky District in all areas.
• Atrium, shopping areas. Shops and outlets are located on the first floor of the building. In the south wing of the building there is an exhibition space for expositions and art objects.
• Offices. The main area of ​​the skyscraper is reserved for the working space. From 70 to 120 employees will be able to attend on one floor. An intelligent system will maintain a comfortable temperature and microclimate.

Panoramic platform Lakhta Center

On the 360th floor of the Lakhta Center tower, there is an observation deck with telescopes for exploring the historical part of the Northern capital and the Gulf of Finland. It is expected that the site of the skyscraper will become one of the most visited and loved modern sights of the city. At the moment, a webcam is installed on the 360th floor, broadcasting a panorama of the surroundings in real-time mode. Yelagin Island is especially clearly visible, the park named after. the 300th anniversary of St. Petersburg and the stadium "Zenith Arena".

View of Lakhta Center. Photo: @lakhtacenter

Lakhta Center became a symbol of St. Petersburg long before the opening. On the night of December 31 to January 1, 2019, a bright green light was lit on the facade of the building, thus turning the skyscraper into a giant New Year tree of the city.

"Lakhta Center": "As future residents of Lakhta, we are the first to need a comfortable environment"

The Gazprom tower will be completed by the end of the year, while city dwellers are concerned about plans for the development of adjacent territories. Fontanka studied the urban plan, went to the area and received first-hand answers to questions.

The Lakhta Center tower will be completed in a year. When road junctions appear nearby, an amphitheater, an international yacht club and the tennis academy founded by Poltavchenko will open, where the park “disappeared” from the images of the project and why the trees are being cut down,” Alexander Bobkov, executive director of the project, said in an interview with Fontanka.

- When will Lakhta Center be commissioned? Are there any delays?

- How the construction is going on, you can already observe with the naked eye, at this stage there is nothing to hide - no delays, no breaks ahead. We plan to complete the main construction and installation works by the end of 2017, which will form the final architectural image of our complex. From now on, everyone will be able to see it as it was intended. And in 2018, we will finish the interior work and landscaping in order to hand over the complex in the fall of next year.

- Can new US sanctions affect the pace of construction?

- The main foreign equipment that we needed has already been purchased, and we do not fall under the criteria that are described in the sanctions conditions. So emotionally this is all unpleasant, but objectively we have no reason to worry.

- When will Gazprom's structures start moving into the complex?

- This is a question more for tenants who independently arrange interior spaces outside the common areas of the center. They are already seriously working on this issue, the design is underway, and I think that during 2019 the main relocation of the Gazprom structures to the complex will be completed.

- Will Alexey Miller, president of Gazprom, also move to the tower?

- The building has a block for the company's management, including a place where the chairman of the board can work.

Smolny promised to build road junctions near the Lakhta Center before its completion in 2018. How do you assess the fulfillment of these obligations?

- As such, the obligations of the city authorities to Gazprom have never been. There was a responsibility to the townspeople, in particular the residents of the Primorsky district. Plans for road infrastructure facilities were announced back in 2009, three years before we appeared on the site. Unfortunately, the speed of their implementation is lower than we would like. We hope that next year work will begin on the construction of a flyover between Primorskoye Highway and the territory of the southern part of the village of Lakhta-Olgino, as well as several auxiliary roads. According to the data that we have, similar facilities are usually built in two years.

- So, the denouement will appear after the opening of the Lakhta Center, and the area will still be stuck in traffic jams?

– We modeled the transport situation in the Lakhta Center area and found out that the project will not damage the current transport infrastructure. The traffic flows that our complex will generate are of a reverse nature. While in the morning residents of residential areas will go to work in the center of St. Petersburg, our workers will go along the almost empty Primorsky highway to work in the direction of Lakhta. And a similar situation will repeat itself in the evening, when our employees will go home to the center at 18-19, and the highway will be in a traffic jam from the city.

Now 11 thousand people work at the facility. All around you can see parked cars, which is not very pleasing to the locals. How do you solve this problem?

- Already at the initial stage of construction, we organized the delivery of workers by buses. This is what is happening now. But at the current stage, the number of highly qualified personnel involved in the installation and commissioning of engineering systems has significantly increased. They do not use centralized transportation and drive their own cars.

Neither we nor the residents like the huge amount of personal vehicles that stand on lawns and along roads. We are trying to resolve this issue in direct communication with the general contractor: we include clauses in the contract that he must ensure order not only on the site, but also around it; we insist that the number of buses be increased, we ourselves work with the police. We are trying to organize construction camps more “vertically” so that there is more space for organized parking of personal vehicles. That is, in every possible way we are trying to bring the situation back to normal.

- And after the commissioning of the center, where will the cars of 10,000 employees and visitors go?

- For the future, we have a spacious underground parking, more than 2,200 cars, under the very tower of the center, and after its opening, the cars of employees and guests will not go beyond the red lines of the facility.

- Places are five times less than workers ...

– It must be understood that a significant part of the complex’s employees are by no means white-collar workers and not “automobile” people. They will travel by public transport.

- What transport?

- A new railway station will be created right in the alignment of Lakhta Russian Railways. It will be possible to sit at the Finland Station and quickly get to the Lakhta Center area. Russian Railways is ready to start work within a year. And in the future, there are plans to restore a double-track branch in this direction, which was on this territory 100 years ago. We hope to see these changes by 2020. In the meantime, there will be no such transport infrastructure, a continuous transportation of people from the Begovaya station by shuttles will be organized.

- And how will tourists get there?

- We expect that tourists will arrive by water - vessels with a large draft of the "Moscow" type will stop at the Hercules port, and smaller water taxis will stop at the pier right next to the tower.

Local residents complain that Gazprom promised to build a park for them. He featured in the first images of the project. Now in its place are new buildings of the complex. How did it happen?

- We are located on the territory of the former industrial zone. Here before us there were sand dunes with dredges and in windy weather storms raged. This is all about the question of "the destroyed park and when we will return it." He never was.

According to the initial project of Lakhta Center, a recreational zone was provided for on a part of our land plot, which is now called the park by the residents, because in the pictures it looked green and well-maintained. But after the decision was made to relocate Gazprom in its entirety, a project of an office complex arose at this place, which will receive an additional amount of staff. This is the story of a lost principality that never existed.

- That is, there will be no compensation to residents instead of a mythical park?

- We are not building a residential complex, and the policy of “even a flood after us” is not applicable here. We are going to live here. Accordingly, we are the most interested people to make it comfortable here: for us, for our closest neighbors, and for the many guests of the complex.

What we can definitely talk about now is the Eastern and Southern embankments near the Lakhta Center, which in terms of area, landscaping and comfort level will be comparable to the park. Next to us, it is planned to completely reconstruct and create an international sailing center based on the yacht club "Hercules", with all the infrastructure - a hotel and a tower for watching regattas. Also, to the west of our site, it is planned to build a tennis academy, to the east - to place an eco-gallery and the museum-ship "Poltava". A large amphitheater is currently being built near the Lakhta Center, which will be able to accommodate several thousand people.

In fact, the industrial area will turn into an open, comfortable environment. The project will be absolutely open, and everyone will have access to it.

- Fontanka wrote about the start of the construction of the yacht club and tennis academy back in 2013. Why didn't they start?

– As far as I know (these projects are not being implemented by our structure), the delays are partly due to changes in land use legislation, partly due to a two-year delay in the adoption of the city's master plan. The overall budgetary situation did not contribute to the rapid construction either. But no one canceled the projects, and they will be implemented.

As far as it can be seen on the urban plan, is it in these areas that the cutting of overgrowth is now taking place, which worries the local residents so much?

Yes, but we are actually doing the work. We are currently leasing a part of the territory that is intended for the construction of a transport interchange and sports and leisure infrastructure from the city and will temporarily use it to organize the construction process. And then we will put it in order and hand it back to the city already prepared. So, hopefully, it will be possible to save some time.

- Do you manage to build a dialogue with the opponents of Lakhta Center?

- In most cases, yes. Moreover, receiving feedback, we see a clear acceptance of our project by the majority of citizens. But it happens that a constructive dialogue does not add up, because some people have their own sense of inner dreams.

- Do you mean an alternative project of one of the local activists?

- Exactly. He proposes at the current stage to create, for example, a beach named after Alexander Blok instead of the embankment. Or make a ready-made amphitheater a little differently and in another place.

- Is it possible to compare the defenders of Okhta with the activists of Lakhta?

– No, it was completely different. Okhta was a real city referendum. It really was a struggle of opinions. Compared to her today's conversations are like a Nanai boys' battle and a professional boxing match.

By the way, in April it was also said that Gazprom was negotiating with Smolny on the exchange of a site in Okhta for another. How did it end?

- Now we are not in the stage of negotiations on the exchange of sites with the city. We are looking for a project that would definitely decorate this place and would not like it to be given away for a typical residential development. For ourselves, we see a public and business center there, perhaps with a residential component. This place deserves a landmark project.

Considering that Gazprom is now engaged in a dialogue with any kind of Lakhta Center activists, does this mean that the company has learned from Okhta?

– Of course, from the point of view of shaping public opinion, St. Petersburg is a special city. There are truly authoritative, recognized opinion leaders here, and any major development projects need a comprehensive assessment. When building the Lakhta Center, we strive to approach our plans as carefully as possible, taking into account the needs of the townspeople and even looking into the future to a certain extent. But these 4 years of construction, I think, we were as open as possible, and everyone who wanted to participate was able to do it.

But it still failed to reconcile all Petersburgers with the new dominant, which is visible even from the Peter and Paul Fortress...

– The urban environment of St. Petersburg is quite conservative. In this sense, it is a matter of introducing something new, futuristic, into the habitat that is familiar to the inhabitants of St. Petersburg. It is a really difficult task to create a new architecture in the city of classics with one project.

But we hope that Lakhta Center will become a new landmark, a new height for St. Petersburg in the 21st century. That city landmark, which was the Peter and Paul Fortress in the 18th century or Isaac in the 19th century.

Interviewed by Ilya Kazakov,

"Fontanka.ru"

"Lakhta Center":
what is it worth
for high-rise
frontiers

Partner project

Skyscrapers are the vanguard of the construction industry. Super high-rise buildings always require a special approach from their creators. In 2018, the construction of the Lakhta Center will be completed in St. Petersburg, which will become the tallest skyscraper in Europe. What technologies are used to build the St. Petersburg giant?

New Height of Europe

The public and business complex "Lakhta Center" is being built in the Primorsky district of St. Petersburg, on the coast of the Gulf of Finland. The headquarters of the Gazprom Group and Gazprom Neft will become its center, the other part of the area will be occupied by public spaces: a scientific and educational complex for children and youth, a planetarium, exhibition spaces, medical and sports centers, a multifunctional transforming hall and others.

The complex consists of four structures: a multifunctional building with an atrium, a stylobate (there will be parking and auxiliary facilities), the main entrance arch and a skyscraper 462 meters high. It is he who will become the highest not only in Russia, but throughout Europe. The Lakhta Center Supertoll will outgrow the current European record holder, the Federation Tower in Moscow City, by 88 meters, and will be in 11th place in the world high-altitude rating.

Construction site in the swamp

There is an opinion that Petersburg is built on viscous soils, and it is impossible to build skyscrapers here. Experts answer: you can build anywhere, but you need a good calculation. The construction of the St. Petersburg supertoll was preceded by a year and a half of engineering and geological research. The authors of the project studied the geological, geodetic, ecological, historical and cultural features of the site.

It turned out that weak soils make up only the upper layer. Under it lies the Vendian horizon - these are the oldest clays, which are 635-540 million years old. As strong as rock or concrete, these clays provide excellent support for a skyscraper. But getting to them is not easy: on the way, construction equipment has ice age deposits in the form of giant boulders and sandy loam with gravel. A complex of studies, calculations and full-scale tests became the basis for creating the Lakhta Center design.

Device: base

Piles and protective wall

From pressure and water in the upper soil layers, the foundation is protected by a five-sided underground structure along the perimeter of the base of the skyscraper. Its height is 30 meters, the length of the walls is more than 300 meters. Inside the pentagon, 264 piles are installed, going to a depth of up to 82 meters. Their diameter is 2 meters. These are the widest piles in the world. The piles of the foundation of a skyscraper are not hammered, but created right on the spot - in the ground. The shaft is drilled out, then the reinforcement frame is installed and poured with concrete.

Foundation

The foundation of the skyscraper rests on piles. It consists of three slabs separated by ten radial walls that radiate "beams" from the core. The most famous of the plates is the lower one, 3.6 meters thick. It was she who got into the Guinness Book of Records: builders laid 19,624 cubic meters of concrete in the base of the building in 49 hours. Moreover, the uniqueness of the slab is not in the physical size, but in the technique that provides the necessary bearing capacity with the optimal dimensions of the structure.

More about the record at the Lakhta Center site

Each pile under the tower is a separate complex engineering structure as high as a 30-story building. Control over its construction is a whole system, including video monitoring cameras lowered into the shaft and ultrasonic sensors installed in the reinforcement of the pile frame to determine the density and absence of voids.

Pressure test

The weight of the Lakhta Center tower will be 670,000 tons, putting pressure on the ground of a relatively small area. Under pressure, the soil will compact, and the skyscraper will settle - like any other building. The main task is to ensure that this draft passes evenly and the building does not deviate from the vertical. To monitor the behavior of the soil, underground structures and their interaction, a geomonitoring system has been created that combines 4800 sensors.

The sensors are located both in the ground and in all elements of the underground structures of the tower. So, 95 sensors “monitor” vertical displacements, 40 - the pore pressure of the soil, 336 measure the deformations in piles, 10 - the pressure under the base of the foundation, 2136 - the dynamics of forces in the foundation structures. All sensors are integrated into an automatic system. After the construction of every five new floors of the tower, the system issues a full report on what is happening with the soil, piles, and foundation. Such knowledge is useful not only for builders, but also for scientific research.

Vertical management

The sediment can pass evenly. But after all, the building itself can be built with a slope. This will not be surprising at a height of almost half a kilometer: an uncorrected deviation of 1 mm at the bottom will lead to a deviation of 1 meter at the top. "Lakhta Center" cannot afford a strong deviation: a skyscraper is stable "on a slope" only if it is specially designed this way (for example, Capital Gate is the building with the largest slope in the world: at 160 meters in height - 18 degrees of heel). The maximum deviation of the Lakhta Center core allowed by the project is 6 millimeters for all 462 meters. And the goal is to shift the deviation delta to zero, although in world practice no one has yet managed to reach absolute zero.

How can the St. Petersburg supertoll not turn into the Leaning Tower of Pisa?

There are examples of buildings in the world that successfully exist in a state of deviation from the vertical by meters. For example, the church of 1382 in Bad Frankenhausen: the deviation of the spire from the vertical is 4.45 meters with a “growth” of 25 meters.

Device: design

A skyscraper cannot simply be built "as long as there are enough bricks." There are various systems that ensure the stability of super-tall buildings. At the Lakhta Center tower, it consists of a core, outriggers and load-bearing columns along the perimeter of the building.

It is a "pipe" with a diameter of 24.5 meters with a reinforced concrete wall thickness of 0.8 meters. Responsible for vertical stability.

Outriggers

The outriggers located on the technical floors consist of an annular beam around the core and diagonal metal trusses and columns extending from it. These elements transfer forces from the core to the outer columns and reduce the support moment at the bottom of the building, as well as impart horizontal rigidity - for example, they dampen the swaying of the tower from the wind. There are five outriggers in the Lakhta Center tower, of which four have the form of double floors, and the fifth is atypical, in the form of a powerful reinforced concrete "washer"

Made of composite materials - steel core with reinforced concrete shell. This solution was applied for the first time in civil engineering in Russia. Thanks to him, the cost of columns is significantly reduced, and the construction time

reduced by 40%, other things being equal.

Twisted shape

According to the creators, the Lakhta Center tower was conceived as a modern interpretation of a high-rise dominant that stands out against the background of the traditional horizontal building of St. Petersburg. Its "brothers" - the spire of the Peter and Paul Cathedral, the Admiralty Needle, the dome of St. Isaac's Cathedral - adorn the city center, while the new supertoll will become an organizing element in the rapidly developing Primorsky district. The new skyscraper will play the role of the main focus of the business space that will appear on the line of the city's "marine facade".

“The shape of the building symbolizes the energy of water, the flow of spaces, openness and lightness,” the authors of the project explain. – The effect of weightlessness and maximum fusion of the future complex with the environment will be enhanced by the use of a special type of glass, due to which, depending on the time of day, the high-rise building will change color, which will create the feeling of a “living object”.

Device: facade

The Lakhta Center tower twists 90 degrees around its axis. In the construction of such a building there are certain features. For example, due to expansion, contraction and "torsion", all 189 thousand components of the tower's metal structures differ from each other (strictly speaking, only two are identical). Facade elements also differ in shape and curvature: 16,505 panels cover an area of ​​72,500 square meters, while 71% of the double-glazed windows differ from each other in size and geometry. The size of each double-glazed window is 2.8 by 4.2 meters, weight is 740 kilograms. To service such a whimsical structure, a special facade maintenance system (abbreviated SOF) has been developed. With its help, the facades will be kept clean and, if necessary, repaired.

How to collect 189,000 parts and never make a mistake?

A vision for the future

Conquering heights is always a matter of having the appropriate technology. Elevator, ventilation, electricity - at one time it was skyscrapers that were the first to experience all these "novelties". After a successful start, the production of technologies became massive: they moved from the category of exclusive goods to the category of minimum standards in the construction of typical housing and public buildings.

The construction of skyscrapers is due to the development of modern lifting construction equipment, the invention of building stability structures, the introduction of new fire safety technologies, modern high-strength building materials. High-rise construction is an area where an order for high-tech solutions is formed, which will then move to other areas of our life.

"Walking" mechanisms for the construction of a skyscraper

St. Petersburg "Lakhta Center" is actively introducing technologies - something for the first time in the regional and Russian construction market, something - in the world. The significance of this construction project for the construction industry can be assessed later, but it is already clear how the environment is changing: joint production enterprises appear, qualified personnel grow, suppliers use new technical solutions - this is how new heights in quality standards are mastered.

They prepared in advance for pouring the bottom plate, because it is impossible to “remake” the work. The members rehearsed everything they could. For example, 13 concrete supply plants trained in the manufacture of a concrete mix according to a unique recipe until they reached its absolute identity.

The pouring speed was more than 400 cubic meters per hour, and the mixers made more than 2,450 trips. The process was organized in such a way that local residents learned about the event from the media - there was no additional traffic jam on the busy Primorskoye Highway, no noise from the construction site.

The deviation delta is monitored by surveyors. They have seven systems of equipment (optical and laser) in their arsenal, duplication helps to double-check the instrument readings. Three of the seven geodetic systems are presented in Russia for the first time, but have managed to prove themselves well at the world's leading construction sites.

World geodetic premiere - a pulsed high-speed laser scanner with a two-axis compensator. The device is used for the first time in the construction of a skyscraper. With its help, the builders of Lakhta Center check the position of metal structures inside the concrete environment during the manufacture, for example, of composite columns with a steel core inside the concrete structure.

To maintain the core in a strictly vertical course, a "space" technology is also used - the Trimble 4D Control geodetic device. It uses a satellite signal and a system of geosensors installed at the construction site. With the help of GPS and GLONASS readings, the system determines the exact coordinates of the core and the displacement delta, which is constantly corrected based on the received data.

BIM is used for assembly, a relatively new technology for Russia. It is a virtual three-dimensional model of the building that combines all the data of the project documentation. When adding a time dimension, a virtual technology for erecting an object is built: projects for the organization of construction, work performance, supply logistics. In Lakhta Center, one more application was added to the standard use of the model. Due to its complex geometry, the tower is assembled from metal structures, each of which has a single possible mounting location. The correctness of the assembly is controlled, including with the help of BIM. The structures delivered to the site have barcodes associated with the BIM model. The part code clearly indicates its installation location in the overall design.

Builders say about the St. Petersburg Supertoll that it is “handmade”. We are talking about the uniqueness of solutions, and as for labor, they automate everything that is possible. For example, for the construction of the core, a “sliding” (automated) formwork system is used.

Formwork is a form for concreting formed by two rows of panels, the space between which is the future wall of the core. Concrete is poured between the shields and hardens.

Ordinary formwork needs to be loosened, rearranged to a new place and reassembled - a huge waste of time and productivity. And the automatic one, as the concrete is poured, “moves” with the help of hydraulic jacks.

Such self-propelled tools are very popular at the Lakhta construction site. The wind protection on the tower works according to a similar principle - its panels slide after the formwork. The "walking" mechanisms include a crane in the core of the tower - the first of its kind in St. Petersburg.

"Lakhta Center" - A public and business complex under construction in Lakhta, the historical part of the Primorsky district of St. Petersburg, the key object of which will be the headquarters of the state concern Gazprom.

The complex includes a skyscraper and a multifunctional building, divided by an atrium into the South and North blocks. The total area of ​​the premises is 400,000 m. It is planned to complete the project in the 3rd quarter of 2018.

The skyscraper became the northernmost in the world and the highest in Russia and Europe, surpassing the Moscow skyscraper "Federation Tower" by 88 meters, although in terms of number of storeys it is inferior to it and the 100-storey Grozny skyscraper under construction "Akhmat Tower". If we take the absolute height, then the Lakhta Center ranks second among the tallest buildings in Russia and Europe, second only to the 540-meter Ostankino TV tower. The height of the building is 462 meters with 87 floors, and 118 meters falls on a spire of metal structures weighing more than 2000 tons.

The architectural design of the completed Phase 1 complex, including the tower, was developed by the team of authors of CJSC "Gorproekt" under the leadership of the chief architect of the project, Philip Nikandrov, who was the co-author and chief architect of the Okhta Center project (2006-2010). The interior design of the complex is being developed by the European bureau Exclusiva Design Srl, which in 2014 won an open competition for the design of the interiors of the IFC's public areas.

According to the concept, the interior of the multifunctional complex Lakhta Center will be made in a futuristic style. The glazing of the tower will be smooth, without joints and edges. Thanks to this, an original optical effect will be achieved in the form of reflecting clouds rising along the wall of the building. Double-glazed windows are parallelograms and triangles (in the corners). There are no windows in the glazing because the building is air conditioned. Two buildings located on the sides of the high-rise dominant will be built with a height difference of 22 to 85 meters.

The highest point of the southern building will be farthest from the tower, while the highest point of the northern one will be directed towards the tower and the city. In March 2017, the first three elevators of the future forty were launched. Between the elevators there will be interchange nodes from the lower zone to the middle one, and from the middle zone to the upper one. A shuttle is also planned, which will deliver passengers to the observation deck without transfers.

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