Who is calypso in ancient greece. Odysseus leaves the island of the nymph Calypso. Calypso: mythical goddess and amazing nymph

The beautiful and at the same time mysterious image of Calypso has always excited the imagination of people. Artists painted her portraits. Poets dedicated odes to her. She often became the main character of works of art. The legendary Cousteau ship and the asteroid wandering in infinity were named after her. So who is she really? Calypso is...

Mythology

To paraphrase the well-known phrase that all roads lead to Rome, we can say that all the answers to important questions are stored in the myths of Ancient Greece.

So, according to ancient Greek mythology, Calypso is an incomparable nymph. According to one version, she is the daughter of the mighty titan Atlanta and his beloved oceanid Pleione, according to another, she is the daughter of the solar deity Helios and the oceanid Perseid. Literally translated from ancient Greek, her amazing name means "the one that hides." And she really hid it for a long time and zealously. Whom? Calypso is a mysterious character! Let's figure it out together.

deserted island

To answer this question, you need to go on a long journey to a beautiful, but lost place in the middle of the endless ocean - Ogygia. This is the island of Calypso, a ghost island, the so-called navel of the earth, which lies everywhere and nowhere at the same time.

Beautiful, dense deciduous and coniferous forests grow there: slender cypresses, cedars, the “tree of life” - thuja, as well as poplars and alders. She herself lives in a grotto entwined with vines, at the entrance to which four springs originate, symbolizing the cardinal points.

The most colorful description of the island can be found in Homer's poem "The Odyssey". But, as scientists suggest, this is not a mythical place at all. It existed and exists somewhere to this day. Only some see in it the island of Gozo in the Mediterranean, others - Sazani in the Adriatic. For example, Plutarch suggested that modern Ireland is the prototype of Calypso's homeland.

Odysseus is a wanderer involuntarily

The name Calypso is inextricably linked with another character - Odysseus. In the myths and poem of Homer, Odysseus is the king of Ithaca, who, as a punishment for his self-confidence, was doomed by the gods to wander for twenty years. He was bold, cunning, dexterous, inventive and daring. These qualities helped him in life, and in governing the country, and in numerous battles for Troy. But, as often happens, they also interfered with him and caused his long wanderings, during which he was the first among people to set foot on the land of an amazing island and met with the goddess Calypso ...

Meeting

One day, a strong storm arose on the path of the large ship Odysseus. She was sent by none other than the angry Zeus - the god of the sky, thunder and lightning. He was outraged by the sacrilege of the team of King Ithaca, who, mad with hunger, decided on a terrible thing - to sacrifice several cows from the herd of Helios on the island. They thought later to make amends by building a temple in Ithaca in honor of Helios, the god of the sun. But such disobedience is not forgiven by the gods.

After a severe storm, only one person was able to survive: he was caught on a shipwreck. For nine days he was tossed around the endless sea desert, and on the tenth day he was washed up on a mysterious island. The name of the survivor was Odysseus, and his savior was the nymph Calypso.

The daughter of the gods, assuming a human form, cordially greeted the wanderer. And when she got to know him better, she fell in love with him with all her heart, offered to stay with her forever and become her husband. Every day she seduced the young man with her beauty, surrounded him with incredible luxury, sang songs with her “ringingly pleasant” voice, offered the most priceless not only for man, but also for God - immortality and eternal youth. But the heart of Odysseus remained deaf to her exhortations, feelings, beauty and amazing nature around. He did not perceive himself as a king and beloved of a captivating nymph. He felt like a prisoner. His spirit was tormented and wept, and he sat for a long time on the seashore, longing for his homeland and his beloved wife, Penelope.

Liberation

Seven years have passed. Athena was the first to notice the loss of the hero of the Trojan War. She decided to help him and went to Zeus. The latter listened carefully to her request for the release of Odysseus and agreed to help. Hermes volunteered to become the envoy of the order of Zeus. He went to the island and gave the nymph the desire of the supreme god. Calypso agreed to let her lover go. No matter how hard it was for her to part with him, it was even more unbearable to see the torment and longing of the captive.

She helped him build a raft and equipped him with everything he needed: clothes, fresh water, bread and wine. And in pursuit sent a fair wind.

Thus ends the last adventure of the king of Ithaca before the long-awaited arrival at home. And now you do not hesitate to say that Calypso is a nymph who unrequitedly loved Odysseus.

At the council, the immortal gods decided that Athena should help Telemachus return home unscathed and prevent the suitors from attacking him. Hermes must fly to the island of Ogygia and command the nymph Calypso to release Odysseus. The Thunderer immediately sent Hermes to Calypso.

Putting on his winged sandals and picking up a rod, quick as thought, Hermes rushed from Olympus. Like a sea eagle, he flew over the sea and in the twinkling of an eye reached Ogygia. This island was wonderful. Sycamores, poplars, pines, cedars and cypresses grew luxuriantly on it. The lawns were covered with lush grass, and lush violets and lilies were fragrant in the grass. Four springs irrigated the island, and, whimsically meandering between the trees, streams ran from them. There was a cool grotto on the island; the nymph Calypso lived in it. The entire grotto was overgrown with vines, and ripe bunches hung from them. When Hermes entered the grotto, Calypso was sitting and weaving a coverlet with a marvelous pattern with a golden shuttle. Odysseus was not in the grotto. He sat alone on a cliff near the seashore, his gaze fixed on the sea distance. Odysseus shed tears, remembering his native Ithaca. So he spent whole days, sad and lonely.

Seeing Hermes entering, Calypso stood up to meet him. She invited him to sit down and offered him ambrosia and nectar. Satisfied with the food of the gods, Hermes conveyed to the nymph the will of the king of the gods and people Zeus. Calypso was saddened when she learned that she had to part with Odysseus. She wanted to keep him forever on her island and grant him immortality. But she could not resist the will of Zeus.

When Hermes left Calypso, she went to the seashore, where sad Odysseus was sitting, and said to him:

Odysseus, dry your eyes, grieve no more. I'm letting you go home. Go get an axe, chop some trees and make a strong raft. You will go on it, and I will send you a fair wind. If it pleases the gods, then you will return to your homeland.

Goddess, - answered Calypso Odysseus, - you are not preparing a return to your homeland for me, but something else. How can I cross a stormy sea on a fragile raft? After all, a high-speed ship does not always safely cross it. No, goddess, I will only then dare to board the raft if you give me an inviolable oath of the gods that you do not plan to destroy me.

They say the truth, Odysseus, that you are the smartest and most far-sighted of mortals! - exclaimed Calypso, - I swear to you by the waters of the Styx, I do not want your death.

She returned with Odysseus Calypso to the grotto. There, during the meal, she began to persuade Odysseus to stay. She promised Odysseus immortality. She said that if only Odysseus knew how many dangers he would have to endure during the journey, then he would have stayed with her. But Odysseus's desire to return to his homeland was too strong, no promises could make Calypso forget his native Ithaca and his family.

The next morning, Odysseus set about building a raft. Odysseus worked for four days, felling trees, hewing logs, tying them and knocking them down with boards. Finally, the raft was ready, and the mast with the sail was fixed on it. Calypso gave Odysseus supplies for the journey and said goodbye to him. Odysseus unraveled the sail, and the raft, driven by a fair wind, went out to sea.

For eighteen days Odysseus had already sailed, determining the path through the constellations - the Pleiades and Ursa Major. Finally land appeared in the distance - it was the island of the Phaeacians. At this time, the god Poseidon, who was returning from the Ethiopians, saw the raft of Odysseus. The lord of the seas was angry. He seized his trident and struck the sea with it. A terrible storm arose. The clouds covered the sky, the winds of the sea, flying from all sides. Odysseus was horrified. In fear, he envies even those heroes who died with glory near Troy. A huge wave hit the raft of Odysseus and washed him into the sea. Odysseus plunged deep into the depths of the sea, he swam out by force. He was disturbed by the clothes given at parting by the nymph Calypso. Nevertheless, he overtook his raft, grabbed it and with great difficulty climbed onto the deck. The winds were violently throwing the raft in all directions. Either the fierce Boreas drove him, then Not, then the noisy Eurus played them, and, after playing, threw Zephyra. Like mountains, waves piled up around the raft.

The sea goddess Leukothea saw Odysseus in such danger. She took off under the guise of a dive from the sea, sat on the raft of Odysseus and took on her real image. Turning to him, Levkothea ordered him to take off his clothes, throw himself from the raft into the sea and swim to the shore. The goddess gave Odysseus a wonderful veil that was supposed to save him. Having said this, she assumed the form of a diver Leukothea and flew away. However, Odysseus did not dare to leave the raft. But then the god Poseidon erected a huge wolf, like a mountain, and brought it down on the raft of Odysseus. As a gust of wind blows a heap of straw in all directions, so a wave swept the logs of a raft. Odysseus barely had time to grab one of the logs and sit on it. He quickly tore off his clothes, tied himself with the veil of Leucothea, threw himself into the sea and swam to the island. Poseidon saw this and exclaimed:

Well, enough of you now! Now swim the rough sea until someone rescues you. You will now be pleased with me!

So exclaiming, Poseidon drove his horses to his underwater palace. Pallas Athena came to the aid of Odysseus. She forbade all winds to blow, except Boreas, and began to calm the raging sea.

For two days Odysseus rushed across the stormy sea. Only on the third day the sea calmed down. From the top of the wave, Odysseus saw land nearby and was terribly happy. But when he was already swimming to the shore, he heard the sound of the surf. The waves roared between the coastal cliffs and underwater rocks. The death of Odysseus would have been inevitable, he would have been smashed against the rocks, but even then Pallas Athena helped him. Odysseus managed to grab onto the rock, and the wave, receding, tore him off the rock with force and carried him into the sea. Now Odysseus swam along the shore and began to look for a place where he could swim ashore. Finally, he saw the mouth of the river. Odysseus prayed to the god of the river for help. God heard him, stopped his course and helped Odysseus get to the shore. A mighty hero came ashore, but a long voyage so weakened him that he fell senseless to the ground. Odysseus came to his senses. He took off the veil of Leucothea and, without turning around, threw it into the water. The veil quickly floated and returned to the hands of the goddess. Odysseus, on the other hand, found two densely overgrown olive trees, under which there was a pile of dry leaves. He buried himself in the leaves to protect himself from the night cold, and the goddess Athena plunged him into a deep sleep.

calypso calypso

(Calypso, Καλυψώ). Nymph on the island of Ogygia, to which Odysseus escaped on the wreckage of his ship. She kept Odysseus for seven years, wanting to make him her husband and promising him eternal youth. Finally, Zeus sends Hermes to Calypso with an order to release Odysseus.

(Source: "A Brief Dictionary of Mythology and Antiquities." M. Korsh. St. Petersburg, edition of A. S. Suvorin, 1894.)

CALYPSO

(Καλυφώ), in Greek mythology, a nymph, the daughter of the Titan Atlanta and the Oceanid Pleione (according to another version, the daughter of Helios and Perseid), the owner of the island of Ogygia, in the Far West. K. kept for seven years Odyssey, hiding him from the rest of the world, but could not make the hero forget his homeland. On Ogygia, K. lives in the midst of beautiful nature, in a grotto entwined with vines. She is a skilled weaver, every day K. appears at the loom in a transparent silver robe. By order of Zeus, transmitted through Hermes, K. is forced to release Odysseus to his homeland; she helps him build a raft and supplies him with everything he needs for the journey. From Odysseus K. had sons: Latina, Navsifoya, Navsinoya, Avson(Hom. Od. V 13-269; VII 244-266). K.'s name ("the one that hides") indicates her connection with the world of death. Having left K., Odysseus thus conquers death and returns to the world of life.
Lit.: Güntert H., Kalypso, Halle, 1919.
A. T.-G.

(Source: "Myths of the peoples of the world".)

Calypso

1) nymph, daughter of the titan Atlanta and the oceanides Pleione, sister of the Pleiades, Hyas and Hyades. Belongs to the older generation of titan gods. Taking the form of a mortal woman, Calypso saved Odysseus after a shipwreck and hid him on her island for seven years to make him forget his homeland, give him immortality and eternal youth. But Odysseus sat all the time on the seashore, yearning for his home and wife. Athena was the first to notice Odysseus' misfortune and told Zeus, and he ordered his messenger Hermes to fly to the beautiful nymph and order her to release the captive. Calypso did not dare to disobey the will of Zeus. She taught Odysseus how to build a strong raft, gave him three skins with water, wine and bread, clothes, and sent a fair wind after him. From the union of Calypso and Odysseus, the son Latin was born. // Arnold Becklin: Odysseus and Calypso

2) Nereid, daughter of Nereus and the oceanides of Dorida.

(Source: "Myths of Ancient Greece. Dictionary Reference." EdwART, 2009.)

Painting by A. Böcklin.
1882.
Basel.
Art Museum.

Synonyms:

See what "Calypso" is in other dictionaries:

- [gr. Kalypso is the name of a nymph from other gr. legends] music. 1) song and dance improvisation, common in the West Indies; 2) an erotic dance created on its basis with a musical time signature of 4/4, popularized in the late 50s of the XX century ... ... Dictionary of foreign words of the Russian language

Calypso

Calypso- (Alushta, Crimea) Hotel category: Address: Naberezhnaya street 29, 98500 Alushta, Crimea ... Hotel catalog

In Greek mythology, a nymph who hid Odysseus for seven years in order to make him forget his homeland ...

Satellite of Saturn, discovered from the Voyager 2 spacecraft (USA, 1980). Distance from Saturn approx. 295 thousand km, diameter approx. 26 km … Big Encyclopedic Dictionary

- ("Calypso") French oceanographic vessel. Built in 1942. Works under the program of the Ministry of National Education and the Geographical Society of France. Length 47 m. Width 7.7 m. Displacement 360 tons. Autonomous range ... ... Great Soviet Encyclopedia

CALYPSO

In Greek mythology, a nymph, the daughter of the Titan Atlanta and the Oceanid Pleione (according to another version, the daughter of Helios and Perseid), the owner of the island of Ogygia, in the Far West. Calypso kept Odysseus for seven years, hiding him from the rest of the world, but could not make the hero forget his homeland. On Ogygia, Calypso lives in the midst of beautiful nature, in a grotto entwined with vines. She is a skilled weaver, every day Calypso appears at the loom in a transparent silver robe. By order of Zeus, transmitted through Hermes, Calypso is forced to release Odysseus to his homeland; she helps him build a raft and supplies him with everything he needs for the journey. Calypso had sons from Odysseus: Latina, Navsithoi, Navsinoya, Avson (Hom. Od. V 13-269; VII 244 - 266). The name Calypso ("one that hides") indicates her connection with the world of death. After leaving Calypso, Odysseus thus conquers death and returns to the world of life.

Characters and cult objects of Greek mythology. 2012

The meaning of the word calypso

calypso in the crossword dictionary

Encyclopedic Dictionary, 1998

calypso

in Greek mythology, a nymph who hid Odysseus for seven years in order to make him forget his homeland.

calypso

satellite of Saturn, discovered from the Voyager 2 spacecraft (USA, 1980). Distance from Saturn approx. 295 thousand km, diameter approx. 26 km.

Mythological dictionary

calypso

(Greek) - “the one that hides” - the nymph of Ogygia Island, daughter of Atlanta (option: Oceana). K. kept Odysseus captive for seven years, but on the orders of Zeus she was forced to release him. From Odysseus K. had sons Latina, Navsifoya, Navsinoya, Avson.

Calypso

"Calypso"("Calypso"), a French oceanographic vessel. Built in 1942. Works under the program of the Ministry of National Education and the Geographical Society of France. Length 47 m. Width 7.7 m. Displacement 360 tons. Autonomous navigation range 5 thousand miles (9260 km). Crew 12 people; scientific staff 10 people. Equipped with oceanographic winches; has special equipment for underwater research, television and filming. From 1967 to "K." under the direction of Zh. I. Cousteau, research is being carried out in the tropical seas of the globe.

Wikipedia

Calypso

Calypso or Calypso- in ancient Greek mythology, the charming nymph of the island of Ogygia in the Far West, where the surviving Odysseus ended up on a shipwreck, and with whom he spent seven years there.

Calypso (disambiguation)

Calypso:

Calypso- nymph.
(53) Calypso- an asteroid in the solar system.
Calypso is a genus of plants in the Orchidaceae family.
Calypso is a satellite of Saturn.
Calypso- dance music of Caribbean origin.
"Calypso"- sailing corvette of the Black Sea Fleet of Russia. Member of the Crimean War.
"Calypso"- the ship of Jacques-Yves Cousteau.
"Calypso II"- the project of the oceanographic vessel of the Cousteau team.
"Calypso"- American-French satellite, designed to study the cloud cover of the Earth.

Calypso (satellite)

Calypso (ship)

"Calypso"- a ship equipped by the French oceanographer Jacques-Yves Cousteau to study the world's oceans.

Calypso (music)

Calypso- Afro-Caribbean musical style, formed in Trinidad and Tobago in the 20th century, derived from the West African kaiso, was popular in the 1950s. The roots of calypso originated in the 19th century with African slaves on sugar plantations.

Calypso (plant)

Calypso- a monotypic genus of perennial herbaceous plants of the Orchid family. The only kind calypso tuberous, or calypso bulbous; a rare plant listed in the Red Book of Russia.

Calypso (Marvel Comics)

Calypso is a fictional comic book character published by Marvel Comics.

Examples of the use of the word calypso in the literature.

Just like Molly - Calypso, Penelope, Eve, the earth mother Gaia, the virgin Mary, the fallen Emma Bovary, the eternal feminine principle that Maierova admired, and the symbol of omnipotent sex.

Those Oceanic daughters: Admeta, Peito and Electra, Jantha, Dorida, Primno and Urania with the appearance of a goddess, Also Hippo and Clymene, Rhodeia and Callirhoe, Further - Zeixo and Clytia, Idia and Pasiphoe with her, And Galaxaurus with Plexaura, and dear to the heart Dione, Foia, Melobosis and Podidora, beautiful in appearance, And Kerkeida with a lovely face, long-eyed Pluto, Also Perseid, Yanira, Acasta and Xanthus, Sweet maiden Petrea, after her - Menespho and Europe, Full of charms Calypso, Telesto in a yellow robe, Asia, Chryseis with her, then Eurynome and Metis.

It depicted a nymph Calypso with huge breasts and Tatar braids, who with longing saw off the Tatar Odysseus, who was sailing away in the foamy waves.

Despite the external charm of Bellafonte and the high quality of his commercialized treatments calypso, this music has not taken root widely in the US, due in part to a certain dislike of American blacks for the influence of the West Indian culture.

calypsa, Calypso- a nymph who lived on the island where the storm nailed Odysseus, who was returning to his homeland after the Trojan War.

Hermes must fly to the island of Ogygia and command the nymph Calypso release Odysseus.

When Hermes entered the grotto, Calypso she sat and weaved a veil with a marvelous pattern with a golden shuttle.

When Hermes left Calypso, she went to the seashore, to where the sad Odysseus was sitting, and said to him: - Odysseus, dry your eyes, do not grieve anymore.

Goddess, replied Calypso Odysseus, you are not preparing a return to my homeland, but something else.

But the desire of Odysseus to return to his homeland was too strong, she could not force him with any promises Calypso forget his native Ithaca and his family.

He told the king how many troubles he had endured on his way from the island of the nymph Calypso, and also told how the princess Nausicaa, whom he met on the seashore, helped him.

Meanwhile, Odysseus, by the will of the gods, was sent on a journey by a nymph who had kept him with her until that time. Calypso, reaches the semi-legendary country of the feacs.

Only his, by his wife and homeland, who was ill with a heart, the Nymph-Queen Calypso, goddess in goddesses, kept 15 In a deep grotto, wishing that he became her husband.

On the island I saw him shedding abundant tears: There is his nymph Calypso He keeps him by force in his house, And he cannot return to his native land.

Enduring much suffering, on a distant island, in the dwelling of the Nymph Calypso he lives.

Who is calypso in ancient greece. Odysseus leaves the island of the nymph Calypso. Calypso: mythical goddess and amazing nymph

Mythology

deserted island

Odysseus is a wanderer involuntarily

Meeting

Liberation

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See also interpretations, synonyms, meanings of the word and what is CALYPSO in Russian in dictionaries, encyclopedias and reference books:

The meaning of the word calypso

calypso in the crossword dictionary

Encyclopedic Dictionary, 1998

Mythological dictionary

Wikipedia

Examples of the use of the word calypso in the literature.