Upper Iset reservoir. We test for ourselves! Ural reservoirs: Verkh-Isetsky pond. Pond of the night spirit Babaevsky pond, Kurganskaya street

3. Reuben, my firstborn! You are my strength and the beginning of my strength, the top of dignity and the top of power; 4. But you raged like water, you will not prevail, for you ascended on your father's bed, you defiled my bed, (on which) you ascended. In Art. The 3rd speaks of those advantages

Verkh-Isetsky Pond is an artificial reservoir formed on the Iset River in 1725-1726. It was formed for the needs of the Verkh-Isetsky plant, and also served as a reserve for the lower City pond, the dam of which set in motion the mechanisms of the Yekaterinburg plant.

Geography

Verkh-Isetsky Pond is located within the city of Yekaterinburg, from the north (left bank) it is adjacent to the Trans-Siberian Railway, Yekaterinburg-Sortirovochny station, residential areas of the Zheleznodorozhny district of the city (Sortirovka microdistrict), from the south (right bank) - marshland and Verkh-Isetsky district of the city (closer to the dam - residential microdistrict Pravoberezhny). The pond is one of the city's water supply sources (the main source is the Volchikhinsky reservoir), located in the water protection zone. The reservoir is stretched along the Iset for 10 km, the greatest depth (8-10 m) at the dam and along the former bed of the Iset River. The basin of the pond is laid among the granites of the Upper Iset massif. The Svetlaya River flows into the pond from the southwest. There are up to twelve islands on the pond - Baran, Shabur, Vysoky, Small, Flat, Veselok, Serpentine, Linden, Stone, Rooster and Chicken (the last two are islands separated from the land by shallow swampy channels that dry out in dry years). There are peninsulas: on the right bank - Bolshekonny, Malokonny, on the left - Gamayun. The coastline of the pond is an alternation of shallow bays with higher peninsulas (capes). The Verkh-Isetsky Pond is replenished with water not only at the expense of the Iset, but also through channels from the Volchikhinsky reservoirs on the river. Chusovaya and Nyazepetrovsky on the river. Ufa.

Bioresources

The pond is inhabited by such species of fish as perch, roach, bream, pike, stocked with carp, silver carp and other species.

Attractions

On the left and right banks of the pond, closer to the dam, and on some islands and peninsulas, sites of ancient man were found.

Recreational resources

Verkh-Isetsky pond is a place of rest for Yekaterinburg residents, although in recent years the water in it has been recognized as unsuitable for swimming. The most popular places for recreation: on the right bank - the area of ​​​​the water station on Kirov Street next to residential buildings, the Bolshekonny Peninsula, on the left bank - the beach in the area of ​​​​the Elektrodepo railway station, the Gamayun Peninsula and Obroshinsky Park. Boat rental is organized at the water station, a yacht club operates, competitions in water sports are held, including the international regatta "Ekaterinburg Cup".

Ecology

The pond is a reserve source of water supply for the city of Yekaterinburg. Since 2015, water has been withdrawn exclusively for production needs (by the beginning of 2015, water from the Volchikhinsky reservoir began to flow to the Sorting microdistrict and the Seven Keys village). As before, the pond is polluted by three sources: for many years Russian Railways has been discharging sewage from enterprises of the Sverdlovsk-Sortirovochny station into the pond. Only in 2011 the construction of a complex of treatment facilities began. By 2015 all objects…

An interesting document is “Drawing of the Isets Upper Pond, also of the Isetskago and Melkago lakes and with the Iset River flowing from the Isetskago Lake and with it the prescribed places, swamps, dry ridges and mountains with the pleasure of the forest.”

Compiled in May 1726, it is the first plan of the Verkh-Isetsky pond - a reservoir within the boundaries of modern Yekaterinburg. The drawing reveals interesting facts from the history of the Verkh-Isetsky plant, which began with the creation of a dam and a pond 290 years ago.

In the autumn of 1724, Major General V.I. Gennin, the chief manager of all Siberian and Ural factories of that time, who was on official business near Perm, received a message that at the Iset (Yekaterinburg) plant due to a severe summer drought water became “very scarce” and that “because of the drought in autumn weather in winter, the plant will stop.” Worried about this, Gennin ordered the construction of another dam on the Iset River in the spring of 1725 to create sufficient water supplies.

He believed that a new dam should be built on Lake Iset. To select a site for a dam on Lake Isetskoe in May, berggeshvoren K. Gordeev, commissars S. Neelov and F. Neklyudov left.

However, the place proposed by Gennin (judging by the inscription on the drawing) turned out to be inconvenient, since it was possible to build a dam here "only with a great dependency and a long time." This place (it is marked on the drawing with the letter "3"), located one and a half - two kilometers from the source of the Iset in the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe modern Gat railway station, was really inconvenient for construction. The Iset has low, damp shores, coniferous forests around, cutting down which would take a long time. In addition, to hold a lot of water, it was necessary to build a very high and strong dam.

Top Isetsky Yekaterinburg

The people sent by Gennin "saw a convenient place along the same Iset River above the Yekaterinburg factories for the construction of the dam, where the factory was appointed to build."

The construction of the Verkh-Isetskaya dam began on the first day of June 1725. The dam was built earthen, according to Gennin’s description, “at first, stumps, then stuffed with clay and earth, 150 long, across 27 1/3 - sazhens, 4 ¾ sazhens high.”

The dam was built by the peasants of the settlements of Aramilsky, Kamyshlovsky, Kamensky and Okunevsky districts assigned to Yekaterinburg, as well as the regiment of ensign Denisov from Tobolsk and other regiments.

Although the winter of 1725-1726 delayed the work, but already in March it was a hot time. In the spring, the dam was ready; it collected meltwater, forming a vast pond. The dam, built almost three centuries ago, turned out to be very durable, it has never been rebuilt, but only partially corrected.

“When the dam’s veneer was locked up,” wrote Gennin, “and from that, a lake 15 versts long was formed from the disputed water above, and the circumference (around) was too 30 versts.” Then - then, in May 1726, by order of Gennin, the Schichtmeister Mikhail Kutuzov compiled this “Drawing of the Isets Upper Pond”.

The drawing represents a long narrow sheet measuring 37 x 155 centimeters. The top - the Isetsky pond and other reservoirs are painted over in blue, the rivers - in blue, low-lying land areas - in green, and elevated and mountainous places - in yellowish-brown. Throughout the Upper - Isetsky Pond - from the confluence of the Iset into it, and to the erected dam - the former bed of the river is marked.

The view of the drawing seems unusual: the north is not above, but below, the pond and the river seem to be straightened. But this is how all such plans and maps were drawn in the 18th century. The drawing is inscribed in cursive. The icons show forests, but without distinguishing between types of tree species, wetlands and raw materials of the meadow.

Top Iset Pond Yekaterinburg

The letters indicate: A - Lake Isetskoye, B - the newly built Isetskaya spare dam, C - dry ridges and mountains, D - swampy places, D - where coal should be burned, E - a new lake or spring reserve water, which came from the newly built reserve dam, W - a low place that Mr. Berg - Meister thought about, as if the water would go into Uktus, 3 - a place where a dam could be built, except for a great dependency and a long time.

The outlines on the drawing of the Isetsky and Small lakes, as well as the Verkh-Isetsky pond, differ significantly from the current ones. But this is due not so much to the inaccuracy of the filming of those years, but to those natural processes that occurred almost 3 centuries ago.

Lake Isetskoye, depicted in the drawing by M. Kutuzov as a rounded reservoir with a relatively little indented coastline, already in the 70s of the last century changed its shape, approaching modern ones.

In 1850, in the southern part of the lake, at the exit of the river. Iset, began to build a dam, 20 years later it was built.

The lake rose one meter and expanded its boundaries. Somewhat later, the same dam regulating the flow of water was erected on Lake Shitovskoye. The excess water of both lakes descended into the Upper - Isetsky and city ponds, raising their levels.

In 1946, the earthen dam near the Iset Lake was replaced with a concrete one, as a result, the lake level rose by another two meters, and its area increased to its modern size - up to 26 square kilometers. The shoreline of the lake became quite indented, as the mouths of many rivers turned into bays, and the high places became peninsulas. It is quite possible to move around the reservoir by yacht, boat or boat. By the way, you can learn to sail in advance in yacht school YachtDream in Turkish Marmaris.

Lake Melkoe is no longer a rounded body of water, but, as it were, a shallow section of it stretched along the Iset. Its shores, like many years ago, are low-lying and furnaces. And although Kutuzov’s plan indicates that “dammed water will not come to Lake Melkoye,” the swampiness of its shores is undoubtedly associated with an increase in the level of groundwater above the dam.

The builders of the dam found a convenient place not only for itself, but for the entire future pond, so as not to flood a lot of good forest. The icons and the inscription on the plan show that ... “there was no water in this place before the construction of the new dam, except for the Iset River, and hay meadows and low places testify to this. It is possible that the higher and dry ridges turned into rocky islands, of which there are about a dozen on the Verkh-Isetsky pond.

Top - the Iset pond, depicted in the drawing as a huge reservoir, has now become much smaller - the shallowing of the sources has affected. But even now it is the largest of all reservoirs in Yekaterinburg. It stretches for more than 10 kilometers, the width of the pond is 2 - 2.5 kilometers, the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe water mirror is 14 square kilometers.

Top - Isetsky Pond - the main source of fresh water for the city and a place of recreation for residents. Vessels along the Chusovaya - Iset canal from the Volchikhinsky reservoir and through the river Lattice, the right tributary of the Iset, water comes from Chusovaya. And now she came here from the Ufa River, from the city of Nyazepetrovsk.

Top - Isetsky pond gave rise to Top - Isetsky plant. Initially originating as a spare for the Yekaterinburg plant, the pond, due to the abundance of water in it, could itself provide energy to a large plant. After all, all the metallurgy plants of that time worked only from a water wheel - an indispensable engine of that time, without it it was impossible to set the furs in motion to supply air to the blast furnace, move hammers and rolling mills in order to roll and forge metal ingots.

Top - Isetsky plant - the oldest in the Urals. Among the ironworks in Russia, built in the first quarter of the 18th century, it was the twelfth. The old workshops of VIZ, those on the right bank of the pond, are the oldest and the only ones in Yekaterinburg that have survived from the beginning of the 18th century to the present day.

The construction of the plant began "in 1726 with state funds on state land, near the Iset River." Since 1758, by decree of the Senate, VIZ was given to Count Vorontsov for maintenance, and he transferred it to other persons. For many years, two centuries, cast iron was smelted at the plant, iron was produced - roofing, sheet, strip, boiler, sectional. It went all over Russia and abroad.

In Soviet times, the plant specialized in the production of high-quality transformer steel. On the left bank of the pond, on an area of ​​25 hectares, the buildings of a giant cold-rolled electrical steel workshop were built. The workshop issued the first sheets in 1974.

Cold-rolled electrical steel, the largest supplier of which in our country was the Verkh-Isetsky Metallurgical Plant, is used in the manufacture of various electrical machines that meet the modern level of technology and international standards.

Top - Isetsky plant and Top - Isetsky pond - brothers. Their birth is one of the first pages in the history of old Yekaterinburg.

On November 19, 1976, the plant had a birthday. 290 years ago, on November 6 (19), 1726, the plant began to manufacture its products.

It is not difficult to come up with an idea, it is difficult to follow it. A few days ago, while longingly watching the rapidly melting days of vacation, I decided: not a day without a pond! Five days - five ponds! Two days passed quite cheerfully, but on the third, unexpected obstacles arose. Due to an urgent matter, I had to spend most of the day at home. But the decision has been made. I had to make compromises. The pond must be protected, it is not necessary to swim. The choice fell on the visa.

- this is the romance of the intersections of gopniks and millionaires, athletes and mothers, hereditary workers and young office girls. As the street art object said - Beverly VIZ.

The pond at sunset is extraordinarily attractive. Getting to the pond is very easy. From the center, trams - 3, 18 and 2 to the VIZ-ring, and then through Subbotnikov Square along Kirov Street.

Old Palace of Metallurgists really looks like a palace

It's a pity. As a famous character said: “Sic transit gloria mundi”, and after all, when this pharynx absorbed thousands of residents of the area every morning.

Palace of Sports with a unique descent, on which we ran in childhood.

Old Believer Church of the Nativity of Christ, in which for many years a nail was kept, which Alexander I personally forged.

The church has a secluded place, access to the water. It is a pity that not only initiates and fishermen know about it, but also homeless people and just assholes who leave garbage near the shore. There are almost never people here, silence and a view of the Iset, which is difficult to recognize in this full-flowing reservoir.

It was worth going into this pocket, but still the main experiment lies ahead. In the spring, a ton of earth was poured on the shore, a tractor drove at the entrance to the water, I wonder what is there now.
On the way I pass the football field.

And advertising cafe "Warm cats"

But here it is worth paying attention not so much to advertising as to the architectural excesses of the 1990s. Turrets are one of the poor attempts to give chic to skyscrapers.

The facade of the building in front of the exit to the water brings back memories of the dashing 1990s. This place is in its own way the honorary address of that gangster era.

I'm trying to guess: will there be kamikaze who dare to swim in the pond? But no, the “Ship of Life” does not have such.

As it turned out, the embankment was rolled up in concrete. The concrete edge became a place where the townspeople who came to watch the sunset comfortably settled down.

But it's VIZ, baby! Although sports bikes are in the foreground, and this is happening at the future governor's yacht club, local dandies contemplated the sunset, stocking up on a fair amount of beer.

And the views were just right.

Someday, I’ll probably write about the visa beach as it used to be. With the advent of new houses, respectability came to the evening shore. Although walks on the pond on summer evenings have been a cult affair for VIZ residents at all times.

There were no swimmers. And it pleased, yet people turned on their brains. Unfortunately, the water in the pond is so polluted that one can only look at it. For contemplation, it is magnificent.

The shore, despite the evening falling in waves, was densely occupied by companies. Here are ladies of the age of mothers for their third child settled down with a dozen beers, here are intellectuals with bottles in their hands, but, at first, I even began to respect them, they didn’t have beer, three girlfriends of 24-25 years old poured mineral water, and next to meringues, but bypassed On the other side of this picnic, at the parapet I saw two open bottles of red and white wine. VIZ is getting ready for the weekend. The lord of the summer, his majesty the shish kebab, of course, was fried here too.

For the purity of the experiment, I soaked my feet so that I could say that the reservoir was taken and once again looked towards Europe, beyond the horizon of the Ural mountains.

What to say? You can’t swim on VIZ, but for walking it is the best fit. It gets dark now around 22.00, come by 21.00, enjoy the views.