The safest mode of transport is rating. The most dangerous mode of transport

We studied many official statistics websites and found out that there is no single answer to such a seemingly simple question, but nevertheless we compiled this rating, taking into account all the conclusions and all the principles of calculation.

Let's start with the fact that the complexity of risk calculation arises from the first minute of calculations, from the question of which indicator to calculate. If we take the total number of deaths from accidents for a particular mode of transport, then we get an obvious answer, because every year thousands of people die in car accidents in any country in the world, including pedestrians. Unlike a train or plane, where no more than 1,000 people worldwide die per year, incidents with this type of transport lead to a large number of victims, but they occur relatively rarely, no more than 2-3 every year. But if on planes and trains, most of us do not travel every day, then by car or bus, almost daily.

In principle, there are three possible ways to calculate transport risks, in terms of distance (deaths per billion km), number of trips (deaths per billion trips) or travel time.

Stakeholders generally choose the form in which the statistics are calculated according to their own purposes.

For example, in the air transport industry, the kilometer-based method is almost always chosen, which is optimal for them, since most fatalities occur during landings and takeoffs, and intermediate distances are long. For land transport, in contrast, they will tend to choose a method based on the calculation of casualties per number of trips or hours of travel, since the risks are evenly distributed. Thus, both modes of transport are able to demonstrate that they are the safest mode of transport.

The statistics are based on data from the DETR Bureau of Statistics (Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions - US Bureau 2000). They record the number of deaths per billion kilometers, the number of trips and travel time.

Safety transport mileage calculation:

1. Air travel 0.05

2. Buses 0.4

3. Railway 0.6

3. Minibuses (Van) 1.2

4. Water transport 2.6

5. Cars 3.1

6. Bicycles 44.6

7. On foot 54.2

8. Motorcycle 108.9

It is clear that you can’t walk much, and there are a lot of accidents with pedestrians on the road.

Safety transport calculation of the number of trips:

1. Buses 4.3

2. Rail transport 20

3. Minibuses (Van) 20

4-5. By car and on foot 40

6. Water transport 90

7. Air travel 117

8. Bicycle 170

9. Motorcycle 1640

Transport for safety calculation from the time of movement:

1. Buses 11.1

2. Railway 30

3. Air transport 30.8

4. Water transport 50

5. Minibuses (Van) 60

6. Car 130

7. On foot 220

8. Bicycle 550

9. Motorcycle 4840

And as we already wrote in the article, about. Over the past 10 years, the number of serious air transport incidents has fallen by 36%. Mortality during air travel is 1 death per 1 million passengers. As a result, now the chances of dying in a car are 62 times higher than during an airplane flight, experts from the Ascend agency say. Which accordingly raises air transport in the ranking, in any of the calculations, both on the number of trips and on the time of movement. And in the calculation of the time of movement, it bypasses the railway transport.

Conclusions, there is no safe transport, due to the large number of vehicles, it is also quite dangerous to cross the streets, but whatever you think, you should refrain from such a type of transport as a motorcycle. Since the statistics are taken from the American Bureau, it is worth making corrections for our countries, our minibuses are just as unsafe as ordinary cars. And the airlines are quite reliable, ().

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It is impossible to imagine modern life without transport. But once it was not! Just think, the first wheeled cart appeared in Mesopotamia in 3500 BC! The need to carry heavy loads forced a person to use the power of animals. Then he invented the boat, sail, built the first ship. The invention of the engine gave a new impetus to the further development of transport and the emergence of its new types. A long process of development and further improvement has undergone transport since those ancient times. And now, in the 21st century, life without transport is not only difficult, it is almost impossible for many. Society is developing, the modern rhythm of life requires increased activity from a person, so the need to overcome long distances increases.

Nowadays, being in a few hours in another country or even on another continent is no longer a problem. Humanity has achieved amazing success in the development of transport. For the convenience of movement by man, the following were invented:

1. Water transport.
2. Air.
3. Ground.

Now cars, trains, planes, helicopters, ships, yachts, motorcycles, quads, buses, trams are "at the service" of people. The list goes on. Moreover, there are also new types, for example, an electric car. Progress cannot be stopped.

With the advent of such a variety of means of transportation, the problem of overcoming long distances was solved. However, another question arose that worries everyone without exception, which mode of transport is the safest. The safety criterion when choosing a particular means of transportation is perhaps the most important.

Surely everyone at least once thought about what is safer to ride. There are many misconceptions and erroneous conclusions. For example, some people think that driving your own car is the most reliable way to get around. This is argued by the fact that compliance with traffic rules and attentiveness on the road is a guarantee of safety. However, do not forget that there are many unscrupulous drivers on the road, and some do not know the traffic rules at all. Sad but true. Only one thing is clear, there is no absolutely safe mode of transport. However, humanity will never be able to completely abandon transport. But do not despair and go to extremes, limiting yourself on trips and long journeys. Everything is not as sad as it might seem.

To determine the safest mode of transport, you need to turn to statistics. Interestingly, the safest, according to research, is air transport. This fact causes surprise and distrust in most people. This is partly due to the large size of the aircraft themselves. In the case of a plane crash, a large number of people die, and the scale of the tragedy seems enormous. However, in reality this is not the case at all. The organization of flights is approached with great responsibility and caution. Airport screening is always carried out. Aircraft must undergo a technical inspection (before each flight!). If we analyze the statistics for the year, we can see that many more people die in car accidents. In Russia, more than 35,000 people die in one year. The ratio of deaths in air crashes and car accidents is 1:1000.

Airplanes are getting safer. Due to technical malfunctions, accidents (fortunately!) happen less and less. In overcrowded cities, where the roads are congested, the chance of getting into an accident increases. However, many (nearly 85% of the population) continue to think that planes are more dangerous. Fear of flying leads to the development of aerophobia. It is hard to fight it, and it is almost impossible to convince a person that an airplane is the safest means. However, the facts show the opposite. More people die on the roads in 4 days than in 10 years of flying.

One of the most reliable and safe aircraft is the Boeing-737. If we consider the average frequency of flights, we can say that every second there are about 1250 Boeing aircraft in the air. The accident rates are as follows: for two million sorties (possibly) 1 aircraft. Indeed, the reliability is high! Moreover, the chances of surviving in the event of a plane crash are much greater than in any other accident. This is confirmed by studies conducted in the United States: out of 53,487 people, 51,207 survived as a result of air crashes. In the event of a splashdown, the chances of survival increase by 50%. The next safest modes of transport after the aircraft are water transport and rail.

All data and facts indicate that the safest is still the plane. Do not be afraid of flights and refuse them, thereby depriving yourself of the opportunity to see new countries, to know the beauties of the world and broaden your horizons. Experienced pilots and teams are doing everything to ensure flight safety.

An upcoming trip to another city or a trip to the sea makes people think about which mode of transport to prefer. And here, some will choose the train, believing that it is safer, while others will fly by plane, spending less time moving. And what kind of transport is actually considered the safest?

Public opinion

Sociological surveys conducted over the past few years, as a rule, show the same results. Of all modes of transport, passengers consider the train to be the safest.

Airplanes are among the most dangerous. Opinions about traveling by car were divided approximately equally. With regard to maritime transport, the public tends to rank it as more of a safe mode of travel. But this is only the opinion of passengers who are unlikely to study the statistics on accidents, disasters and deaths associated with them.

What do the statistics say?

If people put airplanes in the first place as the most dangerous way to travel, then the statistics say quite the opposite. The statistics are compiled in such a way that mortality (the number of dead people) per 160,000,000 km of the distance traveled is taken as the basis. So during flights, this parameter is only 0.6-0.7 people. Rail transport is ranked second in terms of safety - the death rate per 160,000,000 km of track is 0.9 people. The number of deaths in road traffic accidents is 1.6 people. Therefore, we can conclude that the plane is the safest mode of transport, and road transport is recognized as the most dangerous.

If you still doubt that flying is less dangerous than driving a car, then here are some more facts. In 2014, there were several plane crashes in the world that claimed 884 human lives. And only in our country in the first six months of 2014, more than 10,000 people died in car accidents. So what kind of transport will be safer? The answer is still obvious. Therefore, before the trip, it is worth weighing all the pros and cons, giving preference to one or another type of transport. And to get rid of the fear of flying (if anyone has any), here are some air facts.

1) An aircraft lands every three seconds in the world.

2) More people die from donkeys than in plane crashes.

3) If the chance of a daily catastrophe is at least 0.01 percent, then at least 13 aircraft must fall per day.

4) A plane crash cannot be an accident - it is always a combination of some factors.

5) Before each flight, the aircraft undergoes a rigorous inspection and a complex technical condition check.

6) Over 80 percent of people on our planet are afraid to fly on planes, and 5 percent categorically refuse to do so, preferring trains or ships.

7) An airplane cannot fall from a height of 10,000 km, as many people fear. There is a lot of pressure under the wings of an airplane, so it floats in the air in the same way that a car does on pavement.

8) Russian pilots do not drink at the helm - this is an invention of those people who are very afraid of flying.

Reading these facts, perhaps, will help to reduce aerophobia. However, they are unlikely to be able to help those five percent of people who do not want to board an aircraft at all under any pretext.

Vehicles allow us to move around the world quickly and comfortably, but at what cost? Millions of people die every year in transport. We have compiled a rating to identify the safest mode of transport, this was helped by the transport statistics of 2015. Some ranking positions may surprise you, but you can't argue with the statistics.

Moped and motorcycle

Mopeds and motorcycles rightfully occupy the tenth position in our ranking of the safest modes of transport. For many years in a row, such transport has been considered the most dangerous, and 2015 is no exception. Of the total traffic, motorcycles make up only 1%, while on the roads 20% of deaths occur precisely on this type of transport.

In order to survive, you should remember that you can not develop a dashing speed of more than 70 km / h. Desperate bravado is not only inappropriate, it can also cost the life of the driver. And if he took a passenger with him ..

According to statistics, 125 deaths occur for every 1.5 billion km. motorcycle rental. The death rate of drivers of ordinary cars is 28 times less than the death rate of motorcycle drivers. These are the modern facts.

On the ninth line of the rating in the list of the safest modes of transport for 2015, the bike is considered the “younger brother” of the moped. From year to year, the bicycle is considered one of the most dangerous types of transport, according to official statistics. This year is no exception, unfortunately.

The most common accidents involving bicycles occur when they collide with cars. The number of such accidents on the roads is constantly growing. Therefore, cyclists should be as careful as possible. Since teenagers are most often killed in such accidents, all parents should take this moment into account. At 1.5 billion km. According to statistics, 35 deaths are accounted for.

Metro

On the eighth position in the ranking of the safest mode of transport according to the statistics of 2015, was the subway. This type of transport in case of accidents ruins the lives of many people at once. And emergencies in the subway are especially dangerous for citizens. If we talk about Russia, most often the victims are passengers of the Moscow metro.

Ferries are not as safe as water transport enthusiasts would like. According to the statistics of the current year, by 1.5 billion km. accounts for 20 deaths. In particular, it should be noted that not every death occurs as a result of a crash. Passengers have been known to fall overboard. Water transport is also unsafe!

The spacecraft is ranked 6th in our ranking of the safest modes of transport for 2015. Only 18 spacecraft that have been sent into boundless space since the very first flight in 1961 have failed to return. And this is despite the impressive amount of transport of this type sent into space. There were 530 ships in total. It should be borne in mind that people did not die in space itself. Tragedies happened during takeoff or at the time of landing. According to statistics, 1.5 billion km. accounts for 7 human deaths.

Minibus

Automobile

Previously, cars were considered an incredibly dangerous type of transport. So, how did the car turn out to be one of the safest types of transport in the 2015 statistics? Everything is very simple. The machine design has been significantly improved in recent years. Thus, the number of accidents has been significantly reduced.

New statistics show that 1.5 billion km. There are four deaths in the share of cars. However, this does not mean that you can safely forget about safety measures or become fans of crazy driving.

Bus

For 1 billion km. accounts for 0.5 deaths according to official statistics. This applies to ordinary buses. Therefore, in the ranking of the safest modes of transport for 2015, it was buses that took the honorable 3rd place.

In Europe, this type of public transport is one of the safest. In Egypt, things are worse, as in the Russian Federation. But still, in the third position of the ranking, buses are deservedly. However, do not forget about the terrible incidents associated with this type of transport.

It is worth at least remembering how a bus was rammed by a truck in the capital. And this is not an isolated case!

aircraft

Aircraft are in second place. Although, in previous years, this type of transport occupied the top line of such ratings. But, according to the statistics of 2015, the plane cannot be attributed to the safest modes of transport.

Nevertheless, 0.5 deaths occur per 1.5 billion km, if we also take into account small aircraft with helicopters. Commercial ships will always trump ordinary light aircraft in danger. However, we should not forget that the worst thing, in the case of air crashes, is the fact that almost none of the huge number of passengers manage to escape. And even the crew of an aircraft in air crashes is often no more lucky.

It is known that such incidents can never be an accident. When a plane crash occurs, a combination of certain factors is to blame. However, airplanes are always considered one of the safest types of transport. And statistics every year confirm this. But the most surprising thing is that often people are much more afraid of flying on airplanes than riding motorcycles.

Trains, according to 2015 statistics, are considered the safest transport in the world and were in the first place on our list. This is especially true for American and European trains, with only 0.2 deaths per 1.5 billion km. for the trains. If we take only the Russian Federation, the death rate in railway transport is 0.7 per 1.5 billion km, which is also not very high.

Airplanes are dangerous to fly, we think. Trains are even more dangerous according to statistics. To what extent do our ideas about safety correspond to disaster statistics?

The period of vacations and holidays puts us before the inevitable choice of the type of transport on which we will go towards the alluring heat of Goa, the snowy landscapes of the Austrian Alps or on a labor landing to our mother in Tver.

The choice is not easy, and even more so when it comes to transport, because many interests collide, which include price, speed, convenience and safety.

And security among them, as the All-Russian Public Opinion Research Center found out, is the most important criterion. To what extent our ideas about safety correspond to the statistics of catastrophes.

Russians believe in train safety

In 2013, the Russians traditionally recognized the train as the safest mode of transport according to VTsIOM. Despite the fact that trust in him over the past three years has fallen by more than 10% and currently stands at 46%. coupled with the electric train, for which another 41% of respondents voted, Russian Railways clearly enjoys confidence.

Aircraft also traditionally do not inspire confidence among our population. Only 16% of Russians believe in the safety of air travel, which is almost half that of last year. You can not take a car into account at all, it was not even included in the rating of safe modes of transport, since it is considered initially traumatic.

However, in the confrontation between modes of transport, not everything is so simple. For many years, statistics have been telling us that we are afraid to fly in vain, since the plane is the safest mode of transport. So why don't we trust the smart science of statistics. It turns out that there are reasons for this.

NOT a safe plane

In fact, the statistics data largely depend on the calculation method. The plane is indeed the safest mode of transport, but only at the rate of tragedies per kilometer. It is the data of this method that are published on almost all transport sites and airline sites.

The trick is that, according to all the same statistics, the majority of air crashes occur at the time of takeoff and landing; aircraft die extremely rarely during the journey. Therefore, this method is so loved by air carriers.

By the way, in terms of tragedies per kilometer, the most dangerous way to travel is a motorcycle and attention! walking. Pedestrians are killed not much less than motorcyclists.

But there are other calculation methods, and here the plane does not look so pretty. The UK Department for Transport for Local Government and Regions (DTLR) has published data obtained from the calculation of passenger deaths for the number of trips and speed of movement.

And it turned out that the train is still safer than the plane and takes the honorable first place in the ranking of the least number of dead passengers. Interestingly, in both cases, the most dangerous mode of transport remains a motorcycle.

Far from the best performance of the aircraft and the total number of deaths. In the study of the design center, an aircraft manager (PhD Plotnikov I.I. “Method of assessing the danger of modes of transport”) for 10 years, the number of victims of air crashes is second only to car accidents, taking an honorable 2nd place. And in terms of the number of deaths per 1 million passengers carried, it is completely in the lead.

Thus, of the five research methods in four, the train is still the safest mode of transport. So the intuitive assumptions of our compatriots in fact do not contradict the statistics at all, no matter what the airlines claim.

The safest planes

But we still have to fly, because there are places where trains do not go, and the speed of movement still plays an important role.

Contrary to the pessimistic expectations of Russians and the gloomy posts of the Internet, our country is not the leader in the number of air crashes either this year or in previous years.

According to the portal statista.com, the United States has been leading the tragic list for many years, and I must say, by a wide margin. Between 1945 and October 2013, there were 763 air accidents in the United States. In Russia, only 304.

According to the Air Accident Data Analysis Center (JACDEC), Finnish FINNAIR became the safest airline in the world in 2013. In general, the list of the best looks like this:

1.Finnair (Finland)
2. Air New Zealand (New Zealand)
3. Cathay Pacific Airways (Hong Kong)
4. Emirates (UAE)
5. Etihad Airways (UAE)

6. Eva Air (Taiwan)
7. TAP (Portugal)
8. Hainan Airlines (China)
9. Virgin Australia (Australia)

10 British Airways UK
11. Lufthansa (Germany)
12. All Nippon Airways (Japan)

The list also includes two Russian airlines: Transaero in 16th place and Aeroflot in 39th place. We have more to strive for.

Why planes crash

In order to somehow reassure themselves before an air trip, many are interested in the depreciation of the fleet of a particular carrier. A trip on a young plane somehow calms in itself. However, it is absolutely not supported by statistics.

According to the blog "Flying Together", the picture of the depreciation of the Russian fleet for the period of October 2013 looks like this:

1. Aeroflot - 5.2 years
2. Taimyr (NordStar) - 9.2 years
3. Siberia - S7 (including the Globe) - 9.7 years
4. Russia - 10.3 years
5. Red Wings - 10.7 years

6. Muscovy - 11.1 years
7. Yakutia - 11.3 years
8. Ak Bars Aero - 11.3 years
9. Vladivostok Air - 11.9 years
10. Ural Airlines - 12.1 years

11. Donavia - 12.5 years
12. Tatarstan - 12.7 years (data including the plane crash in Kazan)
13. Severstal - 13.4 years
14. Orenburg Airlines - 13.8 years
15. Yamal - 13.8 years

16. North Wind (Nord Wind) - 14.1 years
17. Kolavia (TUI) - 14.2 years
18. RusLine - 14.3 years
19. iFly - 14.9 years old
20. Transaero - 15.9 years

21. Flight - 16.6 years
22. Icarus - 17.1 years
23. Aurora - 17.7 years
24. UTair (including UTair-Express) - 19.7 years
25. Gazpromavia - 20.8 years

26. VIM-avia - 21.4 years
27. Nordavia - 21.9 years
28. Tulpar - 24.9 years
29. Grozny Avia - 25.9 years
30. Saratov Airlines - 26.3 years

31. Alrosa - 28.3 years
32. Izhavia - 29.4 years old
33. Angara - 29.4 years
34. Iraero - 31.3 years
35. Tomskavia - 37.8 years
36. Polar Airlines - 39.2 years

Forbes also confirms these data, marking Aeroflot as the company with the youngest fleet in Russia - less than 5 years old. I must say that Finnair, the leader in safe air transportation, has an average age of aircraft of about 9 years.

The Russian company Sibir (S7) has the same age of aircraft, but this company is known for its sad list of plane crashes.

This already suggests that planes rarely fall from old age. The statistics have no doubt about it. You can, of course, calm yourself down and get on a “younger” plane, but the chance that it will not crash is no greater than that of an “older” plane.

And all because planes crash most often due to pilot errors, that is, all because of the notorious human factor (where can you get away from it).

According to the agency AVIASAFETY.ru

- 68% of air crashes occur due to the fault of the human factor, of which 47% are pilot errors, 13% are the negligence of ground services and 8% are terrorist attacks.

- 18% - equipment failure. Moreover, both old and new equipment can fail.

- 14% - the reasons are not established.

Aerophobia

What to do when you still need to fly, but it's very scary? Psychologists give a lot of advice on this issue. Let's look at the most reasonable of them:

- If behind the fear of flying is a fear of heights, a fear of closed spaces, a tendency to panic attacks, the issue must be resolved not with airplanes, but with these disorders.

- But most often behind aerophobia hides a person's desire for complete control over the situation and the craving for a sense of absolute security. Needless to say, both are unattainable. Therefore, we must take it for granted that not everything in life depends on us, including the issue of life and death.

- As a given, we must also accept the fact that, with all our desire, we will not be able to influence whether the plane will fall or not. Therefore, it is not necessary to study aerobatics instructions or scrupulously study the details of all plane crashes. This will by no means relieve nervousness, but, on the contrary, will aggravate it.

- The cure for fear in the form of alcohol is also not the best option. The problem will not be solved, but new ones will easily be created.

The main thing to understand is that you need to deal with yourself, and not with the plane. From whether you tremble with fear or not, the possibility of a plane crash will not change, but you will spoil your nerves for sure.

The world's worst plane crash happened in 1977. Two Boeing 747s collided at Los Rodeos Airport in Tenerife. 574 people died. Due to errors by ground services and poor visibility, the two airliners ended up on the same runway and moved towards each other until a tragic collision occurred.

- Another large-scale disaster also belongs to the Boeing 747. In August 1985, the airliner lost control and crashed into a mountain near Tokyo. 520 people died. The cause of the death of the aircraft was the destruction of the tail unit.

- In Russia, An-2 aircraft most often fall. But this is not due to the fact that the plane is bad, but to the fact that it is the most common in Russia.

— 2009 was the safest year for Russian airlines. Not a single person died on the scheduled planes.

— 2012 was the safest year for aviation in the world. In Russia, this year, unfortunately, was overshadowed by 4 air crashes.

- After the collapse of the USSR, Aeroflot had two plane crashes. In 1994, an Airbus A310 crashed.

The pilot put his 15-year-old son at the helm. The teenager managed to turn off the autopilot, the plane went into a tailspin and crashed. 75 people died.

In 2008, a Boeing 737 crashed near Perm due to pilot errors, in whose blood alcohol was found. 87 people died.

- The most mysterious plane crash is the death of the liner with the poetic name "Speed ​​Romance of the Sky" in November 1957 of Pan Am.

Just starting a round-the-world trip, the plane crashed into the Pacific Ocean. 44 people died. The reasons are still unknown. The plane did not send distress calls, and the toxicological examination of the bodies showed a high content of carbon monoxide.

Kenneth Roberts, an American, was the first survivor of a plane crash. A plane carrying American soldiers crashed on June 14, 1943 in Australia. Roberts survived, but forever forgot everything about the accident itself and lost the ability to speak.

Photo: depositphotos.com