Tourism in the Urals general reference. Ural federal district. The current state of the tourist market in the region

URAL TOUR. REGION

The Ural tourist region occupies the mountains of the Urals, the Cis-Urals and the Trans-Urals. Administratively, this includes the Perm Territory. Yekaterinburg, Chelyabinsk regions, Bashkiria and the eastern part of Udmurtia. The Urals is the most important industrial region of Russia with a high population density. In terms of landscape, the region can be divided into several parts. The Ural Range consists of the medium-altitude Northern Urals (1569 m above sea level), the low-mountain Middle Urals (up to 700 m above sea level), the mid-mountain Southern Urals (1640 m above sea level). The foothill plains from the west are bordered by the Upper Kama (300-330 m above sea level) and Butulma-Belebeevskaya (380-420 m above sea level) uplands.

The foothills in the north are covered with taiga vegetation, in the middle part spruce-fir, cedar and larch forests on the slopes turn into broad-leaved and aspen forests, in the southern part - forest-steppe and steppe. The mountains are covered with spruce-fir forest, the peaks of the Northern and Southern Urals are rocky and treeless.

The territory of the region is watered by a large number of rivers, the largest of which are the Kama, Belaya, Ural, Tura, Iset, as well as their tributaries: Chusovaya, Yuryuzan, InzerAi, Mias). There are many lakes in the foothills: Uvildy, Argazi, Irtyash, Shartash, Kalkak. Among the water bodies, an important role belongs to the Kama reservoir. The swimming season in the north of the Ural region is quite short - only about one month, while in the south it reaches three.

There are many unique natural attractions in the region, karst caves, of which there are more than 500, deserve special attention. The largest of them is Sumchan-Kutuk, the length of which reaches 8 km. The Ilmensky mineralogical reserve is also world famous.

The climate of the region is continental. The level of light solar radiation varies from insufficient in the north (1650 hours) to moderate in the south (1800 hours). In the north, the level of ultraviolet radiation in winter is insufficient, in the rest of the territory it is optimal. The frost-free period lasts from 95 to 140 days. Summer is warm. The average July temperature is +18°C. Winter is moderately cold. The average January temperature is -15° C. In the north, the snow cover lasts 150-190 days, and in the south, about 10 days. Its height reaches 40-60 cm.

In general, the bioclimatic conditions of the Ural region contribute to the development of sports and health tourism.

The hydro-mineral resources of the Ural region are quite diverse. Along with sulfate drinking waters and chloride sodium bromine brines, carbonic ferruginous, hydrogen sulfide, bromine, iodine-bromine and radon waters are common here.

Resources of therapeutic mud in the region are represented by peat and sapropelic mud. There are small lake-key deposits of silt sulphide mud.

In Bashkiria, there is a unique natural resort Yangantau, where the main healing factor is natural hot vapors (40-50 ° C) and dry hot (50-70 ° C) gases coming to the surface from the cracks of Mount Yangantau; they contain oxygen, carbon dioxide, nitrogen and organic matter. Another healing resource of the resort is a subthermal radioactive source.

The cultural and historical potential of the region is very diverse, which contributes to the development of educational tourism. There are unique archaeological sites here, including the Kapo-va cave with ancient rock paintings, samples of religious Orthodox and Muslim buildings, local history museums.

In almost all ancient Ural cities there are many architectural sights, different in style, eras and purpose.

The Urals are famous for their crafts and crafts: in Kasli - iron casting, in Nizhny Tagil - lacquer trays, in Tavolga - ceramic products, in Kungur - stone carving, etc.

The region has a well-developed infrastructure, which is due to the high level of urbanization of the territory, as well as its geographical location. Highways and railways pass through the Urals. Most regional cities are connected with other regions by airlines.

Despite the fact that tourism in the Ural region is represented by various types, the recreational network is underdeveloped here. There are rest houses and sanatoriums in every region, but many of them are not functioning now, as they need additional funding and reconstruction.

The main tourist centers of the region are Yekaterinburg, Chelyabinsk, Perm, Ufa, Nizhny Tagil, Nevyansk.

In general, the Ural region is promising for the development of various types of tourism.

SVERDLOVSK REGION

The Sverdlovsk region is the largest region of the Urals. The region occupies the middle one and covers the northern part of the Ural Mountains, the adjacent outskirts of the West Siberian Lowland (Trans-Urals) and partly the Cis-Urals (extreme south-west).

The highest point is Mount Konzhakovsky stone (1569 m). The northernmost point is Mount Yanyghachechahl (1023.8 m). On the territory of the region there is a border between two parts of the world, Europe and Asia.

The main part of the region is covered with forests, in the mountainous part it is predominantly dark coniferous taiga, turning with height into moss-lichen tundras, and on the plain pine forests prevail, turning into aspen-birch forests with areas of forest-steppes in the south of the region. On average, forests occupy about 70% of the territory of the region. The southern part of the region is well developed and cultivated, while the northern part is poorly populated and therefore little modified. Over 1900 different plant species grow within the region and about 212 species of various animals and birds live.

Types of tourism: ecological, skiing, speleotourism, river rafting, hiking trails, cultural and educational (excursion).

The beauty and diversity of the natural resources of the Urals are the main tourist and recreational potential. On the territory of the region there is a biosphere reserve "Visimsky", a reserve "Denezhkin Kamen", a national park "Pripyshminsky forests", about 60 reserves have been created, including the natural and mineralogical reserve "Rezhevsky", the ornithological reserve "Sysertsky", a botanical reserve for the protection of orchids "Gornoshchitsky". Tourist routes in the Subpolar Urals, adventure river rafting (the Chusovaya River, etc.) are traditionally popular, and ski resorts are being developed. There are deposits of collection minerals.

The historical and cultural heritage is largely connected with the history of the development of the main raw material base of the Russian Empire. The Nizhny Tagil Museum-Reserve "Gornozavodskoy Ural" (Nizhny Tagil) unites 12 museums of various profiles: the ethnographic museum of everyday life and crafts of the mining population ("Lord's House"), the Museum of the History of Tray Craft ("House of the Khudoyarovs"), the Mineralogical Museum. A.E. Fersman (settlement Murzinka), a museum-plant for the development of ferrous metallurgy technology, etc. A popular museum-reserve of wooden architecture and folk art in the village. Lower Sinyachikha. The museum presents a detailed architectural and landscape reconstruction with a temple dominating the village, on the axis of which a one-story rural building rests.

The Yekaterinburg Museum of Fine Arts (Yekaterinburg), the Museum of the History of Stone-Cutting and Jewelry Art (Yekaterinburg), the Fedorov Geological Museum (Krasnoturyinsk), etc. operate in the region. A number of expositions are dedicated to famous artists: the Alapaevsky Museum of P.I. Tchaikovsky, the house-museum of P.P. Bazhov (Yekaterinburg), house-museum of D.N. Mamin-Sibiryak (Yekaterinburg), etc.

CHELYABINSK REGION

The Chelyabinsk region is an emerald of forests in the setting of a harsh climate, but despite this, local winters are unique, the snow cover reaches a height of one meter and can lie up to 9 months a year. The short summer, nevertheless, allows nature to rage in national parks, and snowmelt ensures the full flow of lakes, which give a certain charm to the event called tourism in the Chelyabinsk region.

This region is rich in natural reserves and reserves, which are of great interest to visit. Protected areas occupy about 1 million hectares, the expanses stretching beyond the horizon fascinate, help protect endangered plant species, and simply make tourism in Russia extremely attractive. The creation of these natural monuments pursues a good goal, they not only restore the ecological balance in the region, but also create an environment favorable for human existence here.

The Chelyabinsk region is also attractive for its hydrography; rivers and more than 3,000 lakes of indescribable beauty are located on its territory. The blue of the water surface, framed in the emerald of the coast, attracts, and sanatoriums and recreation centers are always ready to receive connoisseurs of the pristine beauty of nature.

At first glance, not too interesting for such a phenomenon as tourism in the Chelyabinsk region is the village of Paris, located right here. But this is only at first glance, the local Eiffel Tower is located here, which looks quite interesting against the backdrop of snowy expanses.

Among the places that really popularize tourism in Russia, it is worth noting Arkaim - a settlement that was inhabited at the turn of the 3rd-2nd centuries. BC. To date, defensive structures, burial grounds and the landscape of that time have been preserved here. In this settlement of the Bronze Age, excavations are underway, which day after day lift the curtain of mystery, revealing more and more new pages in the history of this region, because the Chelyabinsk region, like no other, is rich in mysteries that make tourism in the Chelyabinsk region not only fascinating, but also extremely informative .

No less valuable for historians and archaeologists who are interested in tourism in Russia is the Arkhangelsk mine. This multi-layered settlement was discovered in 1982, making such a distant region as the Chelyabinsk region an interesting place to visit for anyone interested in Bronze Age finds. Among the artifacts found here, the bulk are items pointing to metallurgical production, these are arrowheads, needles and much more. The most interesting find was a figurine of a waterfowl, which has a zoomorphic appearance.

Among the places worth seeing if you have already decided on tourism in the Chelyabinsk region, there are two pearls that, despite their young age, are attracting more and more attention.

In the city of Magnitogorsk, which is one of the largest metallurgical centers in the world, there is a temple that attracts attention for a long time. The Church of the Ascension of the Lord was under construction for almost 20 years, but the shutdowns that provoked a lack of funds could not stop its construction. The stunning beauty of the white temple complex is the spiritual center of the entire Urals and makes tourism in Russia impossible without visiting this place.

The second pearl that the Chelyabinsk region hides in itself is the Cathedral Mosque, all in the same Magnitogorsk. Its prototype is the Dome of the Rock Mosque, located in the vicinity of Jerusalem. The temple is equipped with separate halls for men and women, and in the amenity building there is a library, ablution units, Imam's apartments and much more, which turns tourism in the Chelyabinsk region into not only an exciting, but also a spiritual journey.

The introduction in Russia of the institution of entrepreneurship and the Federal Law "On the procedure for leaving the Russian Federation and entering the Russian Federation" dated August 15, 1996 gave a powerful impetus to the generation of large-scale tourist flows.

The Ural region was no exception. Organizations of the tourism industry are being created that provide their services and organize tours in Russia and abroad. Comfortable hotels offer accommodation services for guests of the Urals, both from Russia and foreign tourists and delegations.

The geographical position of the Urals, its natural and economic resources and attractions attract thousands of tourists every year. The focus of activities of enterprises in the tourism sector are regional centers: Yekaterinburg, Chelyabinsk, Perm, Izhevsk, Orenburg, Kurgan. These cities are attractive both for leisure tourists and for business trips to the region. Since the regional centers represent large industrial formations and the most important transport hubs. Political-administrative, organizational-economic, cultural-educational, scientific-research activities are concentrated in them.

The Ural Mountains are also attractive for visiting guests of the region with their fantasticness and beauty. They separate the North from the South, separate the rivers flowing to the North from the rivers flowing to the South, and are themselves the source of many of them.

Also attract tourists are mines and mines located in the Urals, extracting precious metals and stones. As well as industrial enterprises. But besides this, there are various historical, cultural and scientific sights of the Urals.

For example, the great Russian composer P.I. Tchaikovsky, after whom the city in the Perm region is named. As a scientific center, the Urals is famous for its research and design institutes, which are closely connected with the life of the region, as well as Siberia and other regions of our country. All this, all the sights and values ​​of the Urals arouse great interest and attract tourists, as well as expanding business ties and cooperation. Which, in turn, leads to investments in the tourism sector of the Urals.

The tourism sector is an important component of the economic activity of the Urals, as well as Russia as a whole. In light of the current economic difficulties in the country, and directly in the Ural region, due to the reduction of heavy industry enterprises, many people were left without work. Tourism, on the other hand, provides employment for the local population, the loading of hotels and hotels, restaurants and entertainment events, and the inflow of foreign currency.

Since the tourism industry in the Urals is relatively young and developing, a significant amount of effort and money has been directed to its development. To date, hotels, boarding houses are being built in the Urals, various entertainment establishments are opening. For a better service, to meet the European standard, the aspect of training and education of personnel is very important. Work is underway in the field of cooperation between state tourism enterprises and the private sector in order to carry out the necessary training of personnel.

Thus, tourism is based on the exploitation of local tourist resources, which leads to additional income in the Urals and in the country as a whole.

After a deep economic crisis that came in connection with the exhaustion of the potential of the socialist system, the collapse of the Soviet Union and the implementation of systemic economic reforms, the Urals, like the whole of Russia, is embarking on the path of stabilization and economic growth on a new socio-economic basis.

One of the prerequisites for the development of the Ural region is investment in the so-called human capital. Most economists believe that investing in human capital is now more important than investing in physical assets. Since the presence of fixed capital without human capital does not guarantee prosperity.

Resources are another prerequisite. Although natural wealth is not regarded as a key factor in economic growth, however, the possession of large reserves of non-renewable resources is a huge advantage over other regions of Russia. The high availability of natural resources in the Urals creates good conditions for the development of a competitive raw material sector.

Resource industries - primarily the production of oil, gas and non-ferrous metals - have the greatest chance of success in Russian economic development. In the primary sectors, production is falling much more slowly than in the industry as a whole. The production of gas, aluminium, gold and diamonds practically did not decrease. The oil and gas industries are profitable and provide the lion's share of budget revenues in the form of income taxes, rent payments, and export taxes. In general, the raw material sector of the Urals is today the most competitive of all industries and has the best chance of attracting large foreign investment.

The prospects for the development of industry, heavy engineering and light industry, are still at a low level. The revival is possible on a completely new technical basis.

Since the country's economy as a whole faces the most important task - improving the sectoral structure, characterized by a high share of fuel and raw materials industries with a relatively low share of the sector of high-tech, knowledge-intensive industries and services. Then in the most important economic structures of the Urals there is an increase in the share, for example, of the electric power industry, fuel industries, metallurgy, which make up the country's export potential.

In ferrous metallurgy, in the structure of raw materials in the production of steel, the share of steel scrap decreases and the share of a less economical type of raw material - cast iron increases.

In the future, the Ural region is expected to increase output in the fuel and energy complex, metallurgy and the food industry.

In the development of the fuel and energy complex, it is planned to increase the share of natural gas, deepen oil refining, gradually increase coal production, and upgrade worn-out power equipment. In the metallurgical complex, structural changes will be associated with the introduction of energy and resource-saving technologies. In mechanical engineering and metalworking, it is planned to expand the production of technological equipment, improve the structure of production of trucks in terms of the type of fuel consumed by increasing the share of cars with diesel engines, expand the production of modern vehicles, etc. In the defense industry, the most valuable elements of the production potential will be preserved and the development of the latest weapons at a limited number of enterprises will be supported. This will preserve the best resources of the military-economic potential of the Ural region.

To maintain the competitiveness of the light industry, a number of measures are planned to reduce costs in the industry and expand the range of its products.

Another prerequisite for the development of the Ural region is the attraction of foreign investment. The prospect of a significant increase in foreign investment is also evidenced by specific facts of the expansion of foreign investors in many sectors of the economy. Significant investment is expected in the gold mining industry. But especially significant investments are made in the oil industry.

The previously issued license - permits for prospecting, exploration and production of minerals - takes the form of an agreement-contract with a clear definition of the rights and obligations of the parties and sanctions in case of violation of the obligations assumed by the person who received the license. Licenses cover the entire cycle - from the study and exploration of resources to their extraction. It is planned to maintain stability of conditions during the entire period of validity of the licenses, regardless of possible adverse changes in tax or other legislation.

Of course, one cannot rule out the fact that not all of the current plans of foreign investors will be implemented. It should also be borne in mind that the expected capital investments, for example, in the extraction of oil and gas will not be realized immediately, but over a number of years.

In general, the most important problem has been and remains the creation of the necessary conditions for free private initiative both in the industrial and production complex, and in the field of agriculture and other areas of activity. What should be achieved in the future.

FEDERAL AGENCY FOR EDUCATION

MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND SCIENCE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

GOUVPO “PERM STATE UNIVERSITY”

geographicalFACULTY

Department of Socio-Economic Geography

tourism market of the Ural region

5th year student

Part-time department

Gorbunova N.A.

Scientific director

PhD, Associate Professor

Balina T.A.

Perm 2009

Introduction

1. The current state of the tourist market in the region

2. Network of active tourism routes and protected natural areas

3. The main ways and prospects for the development of the regional tourism market in the Urals

Conclusion

Bibliography

Introduction

The Ural lands are traditionally not included in the list of special economic tourist and recreational zones. At first glance, this is quite fair: summer lasts a week, birch landscapes of the middle lane ... Here are just the old Ural mountains, rising like a ridge along the border of Europe and Asia, turbulent rivers along which rafters once lowered their barges, cities where the chronicle froze in architecture merchant and gold industry, Yekaterinburg, Perm, Chelyabinsk... Since we have so many things, it means that there will be a place for tourism.

This paper gives a brief description of the current state of tourism in the Urals, its main routes. Particular attention was paid to the ecological framework of the region - the system of its specially protected natural areas and nature-oriented tourism routes closely related to them. The problems and main directions of development of the tourist market of the Ural region are considered.

1. The current state of the tourist market in the region

It is believed that the Urals is now experiencing a tourism boom: skiing is actively developing in the world, and the landscape features of the region, as well as a good sanatorium and resort base (this is typical for the Southern Urals), make it possible to receive financial profit from inbound tourism. There is an opinion that it is skiing that can become the "horse" of the Urals as a whole.

As for the historically and culturally significant objects of the Urals, they are mostly on municipal and state funding. There are a number of practical developments in the transfer of such objects for rent. An example is the organization of a walking route around the city of Tobolsk, when significant architectural objects were leased to entrepreneurs who ensured the "event" of the route.

For the Middle Urals, the most relevant topic is the interpenetration of cultures on the border of Europe and Asia. A mountainous region with long industrial traditions, the Stroganovs, Demidovs, the Ural Gold Rush - all these images form the basis of our region's positioning. There is another key episode in history with which the Urals are often associated - the already mentioned execution of the last tsar and his family. Of course, this is one of the most effective factors of educational tourism at the moment, but its negative context cannot but affect the image of the territory. But its consequences are gradually smoothed out, the political aspect becomes one of the elements of the richness of the cultural and historical heritage.

However, both representatives of the regional administration and tour operators often note that while the introduction of inbound tourism is a matter of enthusiasts, and the income from it often does not cover losses. The director of the Krasnov travel agency and the president of the Perm Tourist Guild, Mikhail Krasnov, notes that group inbound tourism is quite rare, and the main clients are people living outside the Urals, since most local lovers of such a holiday are members of the relevant tourist clubs and travel without the mediation of travel companies.

But development does not stop - work is also being done with tourist mountain, water and speleological routes, bases and parking lots are being equipped, infrastructure is improving. The main barrier for inbound tourism - both in the Perm Territory and in the Urals as a whole - is the lack of information support. And the cooperation of the territories to promote a single brand of the Greater Urals should help overcome this problem.

Separately, it is necessary to single out the sphere of active tourism, which is very poorly represented on the market and has great development potential.

2. Network of active tourism routes and protected natural areas

Currently, there are a large number of types of tourism, one way or another related to travel in nature. These are “environmental”, “green”, “nature-oriented”, “soft”, “environmentally and socially responsible”, “adventure”, “active”, etc. changed environment and route character.

Within the Urals for more than seventy years, a system of active tourist routes has developed.

In administrative terms, they pass within the Perm Territory, the Sverdlovsk Region, the Chelyabinsk Region and the Republic of Bashkortostan. These regions are united by their position within the Ural mountain country. Three of them, except for the Perm Territory, have long common borders. The Perm Territory borders on the Republic of Bashkortostan and the Sverdlovsk Region. The integrity of this territory is based on close industrial, transport, social and other types of ties. The closest tourist ties are found in the northeastern periphery of the Perm Territory and the northwestern Sverdlovsk Region, as well as the northeastern part of the Republic of Bashkortostan and the northwestern part of the Chelyabinsk Region. These territories have good tourist permeability of borders, which can be explained by the lack of transport links between administrative centers and their extreme periphery, as well as formally existing borders between regions. The only possible ways to overcome these insulators are either natural river highways or hiking trails.

The existing system of tourist routes and the system of specially protected natural areas (PAs) coincide spatially. This is especially evident in large protected areas, such as nature reserves, wildlife sanctuaries, national and natural parks.

There are 8 state reserves in the Urals. Table 1 provides reference data.

Table 1 Reserves of the Urals

2.2 Characteristics of the infrastructure of the tourist market of the Sverdlovsk region

The Sverdlovsk region - the most important industrial region of Russia - has relatively favorable recreational and tourist resources Yekaterinburg as a tourist center: The concept of tourism development in Yekaterinburg A.M. Gorky, 2000. .

Favorable geographical position on the border of Europe and Asia, relative political stability, diversity of historical heritage, high intellectual and cultural potential determine favorable long-term prospects for the development of the recreational and tourist complex of the Sverdlovsk region.

The city of Yekaterinburg is the main tourist center of the region, a zone of accelerated tourist development. The regional center has a high economic, cultural, historical, scientific potential, has a developed transport network (international airport, railway station, bus station), the highest density of tourist infrastructure facilities.

However, despite the significant recreational and tourist potential, the existing material base of the recreation and tourism sector is currently characterized by a high degree of physical and moral deterioration. Up to 60% of fixed assets of local hotel and specialized accommodation facilities need to be modernized Ural Tourist Server www.utravel.ru .

As of August 1, 2010, there are 436 travel agents, 57 tour operators and 24 firms specializing in domestic tourism in the Sverdlovsk region. official website of the Ministry of Physical Culture, Sports and Tourism of the Sverdlovsk Region www. midural.ru

There are 240 travel companies operating in Yekaterinburg (2% of the total number of Russian travel agencies), 32 of them specialize in inbound tourism. Yekaterinburg is the third most popular tourist city in Russia.) www.travel.ru.

Among large firms with a service volume of more than 1000 people and a sales volume of more than 1 million. rub. firms that are engaged in tour operator and travel agency activities at the same time prevail in the year.

"right">Table 2

Travel companies with a volume of service of more than 1000 people. per year Ural Tourist Server www.utravel.ru

Sverdlovsk travel agencies have become more actively involved in traditional Moscow international exhibitions.

The structure of the market is clearly dominated by domestic tourism - 92.7%, inbound international tourism is 2.9% of the total volume of services, outbound international tourism - 4.4%.

The volume of sales of services to the population by sanatorium-improving, hotel and tourist organizations of the Sverdlovsk region in 2009. amounted to 1919.5 million rubles official server of the Ministry of Physical Culture, Sports and Tourism of the Sverdlovsk Region www.midural.ru.

The growth in the volume of sales of services in the field of recreation and tourism, along with an increase in their importance in the consumer market, leads to the fact that enterprises of the tourism industry play an increasingly prominent role in the foreign economic activity of the region. Nevertheless, the role of tourism, as the most profitable export item on the world market, successfully competing with the export of oil and cars, is clearly underestimated in the regional market.

Inbound tourism by destinations is not as diverse as outbound tourism. The EU countries remain in first place in terms of inbound tourism. Most often the Sverdlovsk region was visited by tourists from the UK, France, Spain, Germany, Poland, the Netherlands, Finland, the Czech Republic, Israel. The flow of people arriving mainly for business purposes from China and South Korea is growing official website of the Ministry of Physical Culture, Sports and Tourism of the Sverdlovsk Region www. midural.ru.

The presence of a rich cultural and natural potential allows the Sverdlovsk region to gain serious positions in the tourism market in the case of state support for the development of the industry at the regional level. The forms of such support range from direct investments directed to the formation of tourism infrastructure, expenses for training personnel, scientific and advertising and information support for the promotion of the regional tourism product on the Russian and international markets to the creation of a preferential tax regime for those business entities that are engaged in the production and sale of tourism product by priority types of tourism - inbound and domestic.

The weakest link in the system of state regulation in the field of tourism and recreation in the Sverdlovsk region at present is the lack of a system for promoting the regional tourism product, which does not contribute to the growth of a sustainable tourist flow directed to the Sverdlovsk region.

There is also a shortage of qualified specialists in the industry, especially in terms of servicing tourists arriving in the Sverdlovsk region.

The specific problems of realizing the recreational and tourist potential of the Sverdlovsk region include: the clash of interests of urbanization and recreation with the expansion of industrial and civil development zones; lack of an effective system for regulating recreational loads on natural complexes of already existing recreation areas; infrastructural disorder of transport communications, insufficient professional training of tourism personnel.

The existing infrastructure base does not meet the needs of modern tourism, there are no favorable conditions for investment in the construction and reconstruction of hotels and specialized accommodation facilities (health resorts) and the improvement of roads and tourist display facilities.

It is necessary to use the existing tourism potential more effectively, revive the regional tourism market, strengthen the material base of the tourism infrastructure, reduce the shortage of qualified personnel and obtain the necessary support for tourism development from the regional government.

In order to develop tourism in the Sverdlovsk region, a medium-term tourism development program has been adopted. In case of successful implementation of the medium-term program, conditions will be created to stimulate the attraction of extra-budgetary domestic and foreign investments for the period up to 2015.

The main socio-economic effect of the Program is to create conditions to meet the needs of various categories of the region's population for a good rest in accordance with the demand, to familiarize the younger generation with the cultural and historical values ​​accumulated in the region.

Compared to the all-Russian indicators, the share of domestic tourism in the Middle Urals is slightly higher than the all-Russian indicator.

Reasons: relative remoteness of the Ural region from the borders of the Russian Federation; the growth rates of money incomes of the population in the Urals Federal District are ahead of the average Russian figures.

Foreign citizens who register with the Federal Migration Service of the Russian Federation for the Sverdlovsk Region represent mainly the CIS countries. The main flow from abroad arrives in the region for private purposes (in search of employment) - 71.3% of the total number of those registered in 2005, 75.4% - in 2006 and 71.3% - in 2007. Citizens of the CIS countries among them in recent years account for up to 98-99%. On the contrary, the proportion of representatives of non-CIS countries is high among those who indicate during registration such purposes of arrival as business / professional or tourist interest, the official server of the Ministry of Physical Culture, Sports and Tourism of the Sverdlovsk Region www.midural.ru.

"right">Table 3

Registered foreign citizens (according to the Federal Migration Service of the Russian Federation for the Sverdlovsk Region) official server of the Ministry of Physical Culture, Sports and Tourism of the Sverdlovsk Region www.midural.ru

In 2007, out of 100,987 people, only 25,000 became hotel guests. A considerable number of foreigners live in other places - in apartments, recreation centers, etc. The average duration of their stay is also less than 3 days - therefore, they may legally not be registered with the Federal Migration Service.

While maintaining the current network parameters of accommodation facilities - specialized and hotel enterprises, it is necessary to modernize the number of rooms and exclude the operation of rooms without amenities, for which it is necessary to reconstruct 3.7 rooms for 6 thousand places of sanatorium and health organizations and 1.2 thousand .rooms of hotel enterprises. The minimum total investment required to bring accommodation facilities up to demand is 850 million rubles, of which 550 million rubles. - reconstruction of specialized accommodation facilities, 300 thousand rubles. - reconstruction of the hotels "Big Ural", "Sverdlovsk", "Hotel Ekaterinburg-Central", "EvrAsia" UralItarTass.www.ural.ru.

In recent years, there has been a sharp increase in arrivals to the countryside.

This led to an increase in the number of places in suburban collective accommodation facilities, an increase in the average provision of a hotel fund in rural areas and resulted in a significant increase in overnight stays outside cities.

"right">Table 4

The ratio of quantitative indicators of urban and suburban collective general-purpose accommodation facilities official server of the Ministry of Physical Culture, Sports and Tourism of the Sverdlovsk Region www.midural.ru

In terms of consumption of tourist services, the market of the Sverdlovsk region last year amounted to 11.5 billion rubles. This is almost 9 percent of the total volume of all paid services provided in the region.

Today, more than 75 thousand people are employed in the Middle Urals in the field of tourism and related industries. These are employees of travel agencies and excursion bureaus, hotel enterprises, sanatorium and resort complex, museum objects. There are three natural parks, 60 recreation centers, 93 enterprises of the sanatorium and resort sphere, 15 ski resorts in the region. Some of them are literally all-Russian popularity. For example, routes to Bazhov places, places associated with the history of the Romanov family, Orthodox shrines in the Urals, travel to the border of Europe and Asia, to the natural park "Deer Streams".

According to the plans of the authorities, the number of tourists visiting the Sverdlovsk region annually by 2020 should reach at least 2 million 200 thousand people. But this, of course, requires further development of the industry. New projects have already been developed or are being developed. Some of the most ambitious are the creation in Yekaterinburg of the International Exhibition Center, an amusement park similar to Disneyland, but with Russian and Ural styles, as well as medical and recreational complexes near the village of Sarana in the Krasnoufimsky district and in the area of ​​Tavda and Turinsk. Concept for the development of domestic and inbound tourism in the Sverdlovsk region until 2025// http://www.goural.ru/planing/455

The strategic goal of the state policy in the field of tourism development in the Sverdlovsk region is aimed at ensuring, through a balanced and sustainable development of the tourism industry, a high-quality and affordable tourism product and the development of existing tourism resources of the Sverdlovsk region.

Geographic conditions as a factor of tourism in the Sverdlovsk region

Sverdlovsk region from ancient times to the 16th century. The area has been inhabited since ancient times. Numerous sites of ancient man have been found on the territory of the region, dating from the Mesolithic to the Iron Age...

Geography of tourism in the Sverdlovsk region

Coat of arms of the Sverdlovsk region The coat of arms of the Sverdlovsk region is a scarlet shield with a silver rebellious sable holding a golden arrow with its front paws, placed in a pillar with its plumage up. The shield is surmounted by a gold imperial crown...

Geography of tourism in the Sverdlovsk region

Alapaevsk Alapamevsk is a city (since 1781) in Russia, the administrative center of Alapaevskoye municipal district and Alapaevsk municipal district of the Sverdlovsk region. It is located on the eastern slope of the Middle Urals, on the Neiva River (Ob basin), at the confluence of the Alapaikha River...

Features of consumer behavior in the service sector (on the example of TCUE "Elladatur")

In the modern world, there is a significant development of tourism as an industry that brings real income and forms the national image of the country. The tourism industry is a set of enterprises ...

Features of the formation of the tourist market of the Sverdlovsk region

The subject of the study is the economic relations that arise in the tourism market. The object of the study are tour operators, travel companies, tourists operating in the tourist market of the Sverdlovsk region...

Development of tourism in the Moscow region

The Moscow region occupies a special place in the tourist market of Russia, it has: - an absolutely high density and concentration of cultural heritage monuments, of which 200 display objects are listed in the UN register of monuments...

Development of a sports and educational tour along the Small Sea of ​​Lake Baikal

There are more than 100 lakes and 50 fishing rivers in our region. Fishing on most of them cannot be called good even by Russian standards. Poaching, ecology, fishing pressure and dams - probably, and these are not all the reasons. Nevertheless...

Recreational potential of the Khabarovsk Territory as a factor in the development of tourism

The Far Eastern Federal District includes 9 subjects of the Russian Federation (Republic of Sakha, Primorsky Territory, Khabarovsk Territory, Amur Region, Kamchatka, Magadan Region, Sakhalin Region, Jewish Autonomous Region...

The modern market of tourist services in the Irkutsk region

Dental tourism as a promising area of ​​activity for Russian tour operators (on the example of the Yaroslavl region)

The city of Yekaterinburg is the main tourist center of the region, a zone of accelerated tourist development. The regional center has a high economic, cultural, historical, scientific potential...

In the regions of the Ural Federal District, long-term programs for the development of inbound and domestic tourism have been developed. According to the authorities, the new industry fits into the strategy of rebranding the old industrial and raw materials territories and can become a source of budget replenishment.

So, in the potential of the Sverdlovsk region alone there are 1250 historical and cultural monuments that can attract the attention of foreign guests. There is also a home-grown list of "seven wonders", including the Verkhoturye Kremlin, the Nevyansk Leaning Tower, the Deer Streams park and other reserved places. The Chelyabinsk region abounds in lakes, the Trans-Urals is rich in mineral water sources. There are natural conditions for the development of sports and recreation, hunting and fishing, extreme and other types of tourism in Yamal, in the Tyumen region and Yugra. To create a large-scale tourist flow in all six regions, the main thing is lacking - conditions that ensure the comfort and safety of tourists.

Rebranding in the purse

You can’t call the current state of inbound tourism in the Urals anything but deplorable, - Vladimir Baskov, deputy chairman of the Executive Committee of the Interregional Association Big Ural, tells RG. - As practice shows, the majority of tourists from far abroad are ready to spend money on an eight-ten-day tour with the expectation that the cost of living in a hotel room does not exceed $50 per day. And here, as well as in Moscow and St. Petersburg, prices in hotels are much higher. This is partly why in both capitals the annual flow of tourists is about two million people, and due to high prices it tends to decrease. For comparison, in Finland the number of visitors visiting the country on tourist visas is one and a half times higher than the number of residents. This means that the Ural regions, similar in climatic conditions, have something to strive for. It is necessary to invest in the arrangement of historical places, to create an entertainment industry.

According to Ural experts, in order to attract tourists at the initial stage, it is necessary to organize an inter-regional tour, within which people will be able to get acquainted with the sights of several regions at once. The guests should get the impression that the Ural regions are self-sufficient and have good prospects for economic development. Such a route, for example, can be developed by the joint efforts of the Sverdlovsk, Tyumen and Perm regions. There are many options. In today's conditions, a tourist will need no more than three days to get acquainted with the wonders of the Middle Urals, after which the traveler could head north - to the Tyumen region, Yugra or Yamal.

We need a common ambitious program for the formation of a tourist flow of five million people. This will attract real investment in infrastructure, says Baskov. - At the same time, the business involved in the implementation of such a project must have guarantees of return on investment.

For public account

The authorities of the Sverdlovsk region are aware of the need to take comprehensive measures in the field of tourism. In particular, the draft target program for the development of the industry for 2009-2011 presented the day before with a budget of 48 million rubles was sent for revision. According to the regional prime minister Viktor Koksharov, the document in its current form is of a narrow departmental nature.

The program should include clear quantitative indicators and final results, to which the implementation of the document should lead, the prime minister emphasized.

It is planned to organize an interregional tour, within which guests will be able to get acquainted with the sights of several regions at once

Following the Sverdlovsk region, tourism has been declared a priority sector of the economy of the Trans-Urals. In order to develop it, specialists from the Department of Physical Culture under the Government of the Kurgan Region have begun to develop a long-term program for the development of the recreation industry, which they will be able to adopt no earlier than 2010.

Next year we will carry out the studies necessary for the implementation of the program,” says Viktor Shevelev, deputy head of the region. - We have a rich natural resource potential in the region, which gives us confidence that tourism can become a self-sufficient industry.

Trans-Urals has over a hundred natural landscape monuments. There are conditions for the development of hunting tourism. In addition, the region is famous for its water and mud baths. In particular, the Medvezhye salt lake, unique in its composition, is located on the territory of the region.

Rest in law

In the Chelyabinsk region, the foundations for the development of tourism are laid down in the law on tourist and recreational activities.

The document spells out the basic concepts of tourism activities and measures to support this type of business, - explains Igor Lashmanov, Deputy Head of the Regional Ministry of Economic Development. - We are seriously engaged in the popularization of existing tourist complexes and are preparing to develop new sites for the construction of sports and entertainment centers, hotels and holiday homes. Among the promising objects is the island of Vera, known even outside the Urals, on Lake Turgoyak. The regional government has decided to lift restrictions on the movement of motorized vessels that bring tourists to the island, and to hold sports competitions on the water surface.

Here, on Lake Turgoyak, the construction of a new health-improving complex has begun at the expense of investors from Tatarstan. The project is being implemented within the framework of the current agreement on cooperation between the Chelyabinsk region and this republic. In September, the region will present its tourist brand "Ural" at the Sochi Economic Forum. The authorities expect that regional tourism will acquire European features in the near future. This will be facilitated by the large-scale reconstruction of roads that has begun, the construction of new highways, energy facilities and gasification of the "outback".

The authorities of Ugra are also counting on high profits from investments in the development of inbound tourism. In 2008-2013, about 300 million rubles are allocated from the KhMAO budget to create the infrastructure of the industry.

In five years, inbound tourism will not only be a source of revenue growth for the treasury, but will also create new jobs, - says Governor Alexander Filipenko. - And the influx of guests stimulates the development of northern aviation as the main mode of transport for tourists in Yugra and neighboring Yamal.

It is also important that local entrepreneurs believed in the development of tourism in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, who invest in the construction of cultural and recreational complexes with a high level of service. Recently, VIP tours have been launched in the district. For a tidy sum, rich tourists become participants in extreme routes. Guests are met by helicopters, hosted by the best hotel complexes, national communities. Tourists are surprised by fishing on the northern lakes and rivers, staying in the natural and ethnographic complex of the village of Gorno-Knyazevsk. This summer, the district budget can earn about two million rubles from visiting YNAO by rich tourists. Profits from commercial tours are directed to the creation of the infrastructure of the industry, the district notes.

Adopted about a year ago, the district law on tourism provides for the development of domestic, inbound and social tourism. The document is intended to ensure the development of the recreation industry, as well as regulate relations in this area in the region.

With the adoption of the regulatory act, tourism in Yamal has moved from the social to the economic sphere, - explains Vladimir Zobnin, head of the district tourism agency. - Therefore, in the Strategy for the socio-economic development of the district until 2020, tourism is included in the "Economy" section.

Most likely, tourism development programs will be included in the economic sections of the long-term strategies of all regions of the Ural Federal District. Therefore, the governors are demanding that plans to create a tourism industry be viable. The available documents so far differ from each other only in the amount of funds planned for their implementation.

With all the positive shifts in the development of tourism in the Urals, there are targeted investments, which are clearly not enough. There will be more funds, and the effectiveness of investments will increase if the efforts of the regions are combined, experts say.