Questions on tourism for students. Which countries are open to tourists with a Schengen visa

Dear students, here is a list of questions for the exam and tasks to solve at home.

In addition, I ask everyone to prepare for the exam and analyze all the questions.

If you do not understand something, you can ask questions at the consultation.

I wish you success!

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Questions for the qualifying exam for PM Provision of tourist escort services.

№1

15 August a group of tourists went to China. The group visited three cities - Qinhuangdao (among Russians it is better known as the Beidaihe resort), Beijing and Harbin. On a charter flight from Yakutsk to Dalian, the group was taken to the city. For two weeks of my stay in Dalian, the weather alternated between hot weather and heavy rains with thunderstorms. Tourists stopped at the 3 * Huanen Hotel, near the Shell beach. The conditions were bad. The main plus of the hotel is its location near the beach. The group went through the well-known travel company "Hikari" in Yakutsk, in total there were 73 people in the group. Two Chinese guides were assigned to the group. On the first day, the group was taken on an excursion, because. not all the rooms in the hotel were available yet. The first object of the visit was the oceanarium "Holy Asia". There were also excursions to the Tea and Pearl Factory, to the Water Park, an amusement park.

Exercise:

3. Name the types of theme parks and define the concept

"Oceanarium"

№2

The Moscow company "Vector-M" organized a tour to Italy for a group of 5 people. The flight to Italy was delayed, and the tourists were not happy, but soon everything was settled. Arriving in Italy, they were met by an escort. The tourists were accommodated in the Eurostars hotel, a 4-star hotel with a restaurant. Excursions "Three Cathedrals in Rome", Excursion to Roman Castles and group tour "Rome-Week End" were organized. Meals were organized in the hotel restaurant, where Italian cuisine is presented.

Exercise:

1. Conduct briefings for tourists?
2. Write a report about a tourist trip in a formalized form?

№3

A tourist group of 15 people went on a two-week trip through the mountains of Uzbekistan. The air route began in Vladivostok and included a transfer in Khabarovsk. At the Tashkent airport, the group was met and sent to the economy class Grande Tashkent Hotel. In the morning the group left by Chimgan taxi. In Chimgan, the group was accommodated in a comfortable cottage. The service program included climbing to the top of Mount Chimgan, skiing on the ski slope and chairlift. Tourists were satisfied with such a program.

Exercise:

1. Conduct briefings for tourists?
2. Write a report about a tourist trip in a formalized form?

disciplines.

№4

The group flew for a two-week vacation from Moscow to Odessa. Number of tourists - 8 people. The group was formed in Moscow, 3 people joined in Kaluga. Tourists followed to Odessa in the fourth carriage. The train arrived on schedule. The group was met by an escort from Odessa, a bus was brought to the station. The tourists were accommodated in the Bristol Hotel. They were settled in a 2 * hotel in the city center, and under the contract they were supposed to be placed in a 5 * hotel with a sea view. Tourists were not satisfied, the rest was spoiled.

Exercise:

1. Conduct briefings for tourists?
2. Write a report about a tourist trip in a formalized form?

3. Name the forms of extreme animation services on the water.

№5

Tourists traveled on the ship "Yuri Nikulin", following the route "St. Petersburg - Valaam - Kizhi - Solovki". The group consisted of 10 people + accompanying group. Tourists were accommodated in double and triple cabins, which were comfortable and well designed. Our route passed together with foreign tourists, among whom were hearing-impaired people. Therefore, on the radio transmitter located in the cabin, they announced in French, German, Russian,

Spanish. The volume was not adjusted while broadcasting. That was due precisely to the presence of passengers with hearing problems on board. Tourists were offered earplugs. This was followed by heat and non-opening windows with broken closers. Only the brilliant work of the restaurant and the hospitality of the animators helped to smooth out all the above roughness, and the cruise went pretty smoothly.

Exercise:

1. Conduct briefings for tourists?
2. Write a report about a tourist trip in a formalized form?

№6

A group of tourists from Vladivostok rested in the village of Listvyanka on Lake Baikal from July 1 to 15. Number of people-5. Tourists were accommodated at the Blue Bay camp site. They provided an excursion program - an excursion to the Shaman-stone, the Chersky stone and to the Baikal Astrophysical Observatory. The animation program "Secrets of Baikal" was also provided. When an excursion to the Chersky stone was organized, one of the tourists was injured and was hospitalized in a local hospital. Apart from this incident, the rest went smoothly.

Exercise:

1. Do a briefing?
2. Write a report about a tourist trip in a formalized form?

№7

A group of tourists from Vladivostok had a rest in the winter from December 5 to 25 at a ski camp in Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk. The group left Vladivostok by train, the conditions were comfortable. Arriving in Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, the group settled in a camp site. The conditions corresponded to the class of accommodation according to the contract. There were no complaints about food. Having had a good rest and skiing on December 25, the group was supposed to fly to Vladivostok. But since during this period of the year on about. Sakhalin has frequent cyclones with heavy snowfalls, the local airport was closed for 2 days, the group had to stay.

Exercise:

1. Do a briefing?
2. Write a report about a tourist trip in a formalized form?

3. Name the forms of extreme ski animation services

disciplines.

№8

On July 23, 2003, a tourist with his family flew on a Vnukovo Airlines flight on the Sochi-Moscow route at 13:30. The flight was delayed until 17:00 for technical reasons. At 17:00, the plane took off along the intended route, the tourists were unhappy. Arriving in Moscow, the family was met by an escort who sent tourists to the Moskvich Hotel. The conditions were comfortable. Meals were organized in the hotel cafe. Excursions were organized: a sightseeing tour of Moscow, an excursion to the art museum, a country excursion to Tsaritsyno.

Exercise:

1. Do a briefing?
2. Write a report about a tourist trip in a formalized form?

3. What are the main animation programs in hotels.

№9

A tourist from Russia traveled to Australia. His route consisted of two flights: the first, to the UAE by an Emirates aircraft, the second, from the UAE to Yekaterinburg by a charter flight of one of the Russian airlines. The tourist arrives at the airport, but the representative of the host country does not meet him. The tourist independently gets to the hotel where he has booked a place. He was placed in a single room, and then the escort arrived. The tourist was dissatisfied. Dinner on the day of arrival was organized in the hotel restaurant. There were no complaints about food. The excursion program was well organized.

Exercise:

1. Do a briefing?
2. Write a report about a tourist trip in a formalized form?

Animations?

№10

The couple went on a tourist trip to the UAE. Their route consisted of a flight: Moscow - Dubai. The couple arrived at the airport, but the representative of the host did not meet them. The couple independently traveled to the hotel where they had booked a place. They were placed in a comfortable room with all amenities, and then the escort arrived. The couple was unhappy that the escort did not meet them on time and they had to travel on their own. Dinner on the day of arrival was organized in the hotel restaurant. There were no complaints about food. The excursion program was well organized.

Exercise:

1. Do a briefing?
2. Write a report about a tourist trip in a formalized form?
3. What are the main animation programs in hotels.

№11

The tourist group goes on a multi-day trip along the railway route from Khabarovsk to Vladivostok. In Vladivostok, the group was met by a representative of the host country, he placed the group in a hotel. Sightseeing tours around Vladivostok and animation programs were organized. The local cuisine was represented by fish dishes, which the tourists did not like very much. IN In general, the group liked the tour service.

Exercise:

1. Conduct a briefing?

3. What are the requirements for the staff of the hotel service

Animations?

№12

A tourist from Vladivostok bought a tour to Dalnegorsk from a travel company. The bus left an hour late and broke down twice on the way. In Dalnegorsk, the tourist was met by a representative of the host country. The tourist was placed in a hotel, food was organized there. The tourist was satisfied with the excursion program, despite the fact that the rest was overshadowed by transport services.

Exercise:

1. Conduct a briefing?

2. Write a report about a tourist trip in a formalized form?

3. What are the requirements for the staff of the hotel service

Animations?

№13

The tourist group went on a country bus tour to Petrodvorets, St. Petersburg. The bus was supposed to leave at 10:00, but for technical reasons the bus was delayed and the group left at 11:00. Arriving at Petrodvorets, the group was waiting for the guide who gave the tour. The content of the excursion corresponded to the program. The group then had lunch at the Neptune Cafe and headed home. Despite the bus delay, the tourists were delighted with the excursion program.

Exercise:

1. Conduct a briefing?

№14

The tourist group went to the festival of tourist song "White Irkut", within the framework of this festival they climbed Munka-Sardyk. The group was accompanied by an experienced instructor. The group camped in tents. Camp food. There were no force majeure circumstances.

Exercise:

1. Conduct a briefing?

2.Write a report about a tourist trip in a formalized form?

3. Name the types of hiking. Can all tourists be

Climbers?

№15

The students went on a two-week bus trip around Europe. The group wasformed in Ulan-Ude. Their route consisted of a flight Ulan-Ude - Moscow, S7 airlines, then by train they got to St. Petersburg. A sightseeing tour was organized around St. Petersburg. In the evening from the sea station on the ship they went to Helsinki, and also visited Stockholm, Tallinn. An animation program was also organized on the ship. Tourists were satisfied with the service and the excursion and animation program.

Exercise:

1. Conduct a briefing?

2. Write a report about a tourist trip in a formalized form?

3. What are the main animation programs on the ship.

№16

On September 25, a group of tourists went to China. The group visited Beijing. On a charter flight Irkutsk-Beijing, the group was taken to the city. During the three weeks of my stay in Beijing, the weather alternated between hot weather and heavy rains with thunderstorms. The tourists stayed at the 2* Hotel Asia, instead of the 4* Cactus Resort Sanya, which was specified in the contract. The conditions were very comfortable. The group went through a well-known travel company in Irkutsk "Pegas", in total there were 20 people in the group. Two Chinese guides were assigned to the group. On the first day, the group was taken on an excursion. The first object of the visit was the Great Wall of China, as well as the Peace Park, the imperial palace. Tourists were satisfied with the excursion program, despite the fact that the rest was overshadowed by the inconsistency of the accommodation class.

Exercise:

1. Conduct a briefing?

2.Write a report about a tourist trip in a formalized form?

3. What are the types of theme parks and what type is "Park

Mira"

№17

The Moscow travel agency "Vector - M" organized a tour to Italy for a group of 10 people. The flight to Italy was delayed, and the tourists were not happy, but soon everything was settled. Arriving in Italy, they were met by an escort. Tourists were accommodated in the Rome Hotel, a 4-star hotel with a restaurant. Excursions "Three Cathedrals in Rome", Excursion to Roman Castles and group tour "Rome - Week End" were organized. Meals were organized in the hotel restaurant, where Italian cuisine was presented.

Exercise:

1. Conduct a briefing?

2. Write a report about a tourist trip in a formalized form?

3. What are the requirements for the staff of the hotel service

Animations?

№18

The excursion group went to the Tchaikovsky House-Museum in Klin. The visit to the museum was scheduled for 12 noon. On the way, the bus broke a wheel, the driver changed it, so the tourists arrived at the museum late - at 12:30. Tour times have been shortened. Tourists were dissatisfied.

Exercise:

1. Conduct a briefing?

2.Write a report about a tourist trip in a formalized form?

№19

The group was formed in Vladivostok, five people joined in Ussuriysk, four people - in Grodekovo. The bus left the tourist gathering place at five o'clock in the morning. The bus is comfortable. There were no problems during the passage of border and customs control.

The group was met by Li Bei, a Russian-speaking representative of the Chinese company Jin Xin. A bus was brought to the station. Tourists were accommodated in the hotel "Dunya". Tourists were satisfied with the trip.

Exercise:

1. Conduct a briefing?

2. Write a report about a tourist trip in a formalized form?

3. What are the requirements for the staff of the hotel service

Animations?

№20

A tourist group of 15 people went on a two-week trip to the Caucasus Mountains. The aviation route began in Moscow. At the Mineralnye Vody airport, the group was met and sent to the Intourist hotel. Transfer through Nalchik, Vladikavkaz to the Genaldon Gorge. Further through the village. Karmadon to the village. Kani. Visiting thermal springs, accommodation in a tent camp. Then climbing to Kazbek. Tourists were satisfied with such a program.

Exercise:

1. Conduct a briefing?

2. Write a report about a tourist trip in a formalized form?

3. Name the types of hiking. Can all tourists be

Climbers?

№21

The group flew for a two-week vacation from Moscow to Kyiv. Number of tourists - 8 people. The group was formed in Moscow, 3 people joined in Konotop. Tourists followed to Kyiv in the fifth carriage. The train arrived on schedule. The group was met by an escort from Kyiv, a bus was brought to the station. Tourists were accommodated in the hotel "Seventh Heaven". They were settled in a 2 * hotel, and under the contract they were supposed to be placed in a 5 * hotel. Tourists were not happy.

Exercise:

1. Conduct a briefing?

2.Write a report about a tourist trip in a formalized form?

3. Name the main animation programs in hotels.

№22

The tourists traveled on the ship "Olga", following the route "St. Petersburg - Valaam - Kizhi - Solovki". The group consisted of 15 people + accompanying group. Tourists were accommodated in double and triple cabins, which were comfortable and well designed. The route was passed jointly with foreign tourists, among whom were hard of hearing people. Therefore, the radio transmitter located in the cabin announced in French, German, Russian, Spanish. The volume was not adjusted while broadcasting. That was due precisely to the presence of passengers with hearing problems on board. Tourists were offered earplugs. This was followed by heat and non-opening windows with broken closers. Only the brilliant work of the restaurant and the hospitality of the animators helped to smooth out all the above roughness, and the cruise went pretty smoothly.

Exercise:

1. Conduct a briefing?

2. Write a report about a tourist trip in a formalized form?

3. What are the main animation programs on the ship.

№23

A group of tourists from Khabarovsk rested in the village of Listvyanka on Lake Baikal from July 5 to 20. Number of people-5. Tourists were accommodated at the Baikal Coast camp site. They provided an excursion program - an excursion to the Shaman-stone, the Chersky stone and to the Baikal Astrophysical Observatory. The animation program "Secrets of Baikal" was also provided. When an excursion to the Chersky stone was organized, one of the tourists was injured and was hospitalized in a local hospital. Apart from this incident, the rest went smoothly.

Exercise:

1. Conduct a briefing?

2. Write a report about a tourist trip in a formalized form?

3. Develop a small animation program "Secrets of Baikal".

№24

A group of tourists from Khabarovsk had a rest in the winter from December 5 to 25 at a ski camp in Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk. The group left Khabarovsk by train, the conditions were comfortable. Arriving in Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, the group settled in a camp site. The conditions corresponded to the class of accommodation according to the contract. There were no complaints about food. Having had a good rest and skiing on December 25, the group was supposed to fly to Vladivostok. But since during this period of the year on about. Sakhalin has frequent cyclones with heavy snowfalls, the local airport was closed for 2 days, the group had to stay.

Exercise:

1. Conduct a briefing?

2. Write a report about a tourist trip in a formalized form?

3. Name the forms of extreme ski animation services

disciplines.

№25

On August 25, 2003, a tourist with his family flew on a Vnukovo Airlines flight on the Sochi-Moscow route at 13:30. The flight was delayed until 18:00 for technical reasons. At 18:00, the plane took off along the intended route, the tourists were unhappy. Arriving in Moscow, the family was met by an escort who sent tourists to the Moskvich Hotel. The conditions were comfortable. Meals were organized in the hotel cafe. Excursions were organized: a sightseeing tour of Moscow, an excursion to the art museum, a country excursion to Tsaritsyno.

Exercise:

1. Conduct a briefing?

2.Write a report about a tourist trip in a formalized form?

3. What role do museums play in the cultural and leisure activities of tourists?

№26

A tourist from Russia traveled to Australia. His route consisted of two flights: the first, to the UAE by an Emirates aircraft, the second, from the UAE to Yekaterinburg by a charter flight of one of the Russian airlines. The tourist arrives at the airport, where he was met by a representative of the host. He was placed in a single room. Dinner on the day of arrival was organized in the hotel restaurant. There were no complaints about food. The excursion program was well organized.

Exercise:

1. Conduct a briefing?

2.Write a report about a tourist trip in a formalized form?

3. Name the main animation programs in hotels.

№27

The excursion group went to the Pushkin House-Museum in Boldino. The visit to the museum was scheduled for 10 o'clock. On the way, the bus broke a wheel, the driver changed it, so the tourists arrived at the museum late - at 12 o'clock. Tour times have been shortened. Tourists were dissatisfied.

Exercise:

1. Conduct a briefing?

2.Write a report about a tourist trip in a formalized form?

3. What role do museums play in the cultural and leisure activities of tourists?

№28

The couple went on a tourist trip to Australia. Their route consisted of flights: Moscow - Bangkok - Sydney. The couple arrived at the airport, but the representative of the host did not meet them. The couple independently traveled to the hotel where they had booked a place. They were placed in a comfortable room with all amenities, and then the escort arrived. The couple was unhappy that the escort did not meet them on time and they had to travel on their own. Dinner on the day of arrival was organized in the hotel restaurant. There were no complaints about food. The excursion program was well organized.

Exercise:

1. Conduct a briefing?

2. Write a report about a tourist trip in a formalized form?

3. What are the main animation programs in hotels.

№29

The tourist group goes on a multi-day trip along the railway route from Ulan-Ude to Yaroslavl. In Yaroslav the group was met by a representative of the host country, he placed the group in a hotel. Sightseeing tours around Yaroslavl, animation programs were organized. In general, the group liked the tour service.

Exercise:

1. Conduct a briefing?

2.Write a report about a tourist trip in a formalized form?

3. What are the requirements for the staff of the hotel service

Animations?

№30

A tourist from St. Petersburg bought a tour to Kizhi from a travel company. The ship departed an hour later than scheduled. In Kizhi, the tourist was met by a representative of the host country. The tourist was placed in a hotel, food was organized there. The tourist was satisfied with the excursion program.

Exercise:

1. Conduct a briefing?

2. Write a report about a tourist trip in a formalized form?

3. What are the main animation programs on the ship.

Preview:

Questions for the local history exam

The essence of local history.

Theory and methodology of local history study of one's area

Historical sketch of the Republic of Buryatia

Geography of the Republic of Buryatia

National composition of the Republic of Buryatia

Economy of the Republic of Buryatia

Culture and art of the Republic of Buryatia

Tourist and recreational resources of the Republic of Buryatia

Administrative-territorial division of the Republic of Buryatia

City of Ulan-Ude

Museum of the History of Buryatia Khangalova

Tourist resources and opportunities:

Pribaikalsky District of the Republic of Buryatia

Tunkinsky district of the Republic of Buryatia

Severobaikalsky district of the Republic of Buryatia

Kyakhtinsky district of the Republic of Buryatia

Kabansky district of the Republic of Buryatia

Barguzinsky district of the Republic of Buryatia

Okinsky district of the Republic of Buryatia

Tarbagatai district Republic of Buryatia

Ivolginsky district Republic of Buryatia

Mukhorshibirsky district Republic of Buryatia

Selenginsky district Republic of Buryatia

Yeravninsky district Republic of Buryatia

Bichursky district Republic of Buryatia

Dzhidinsky district Republic of Buryatia

Baunt District Republic of Buryatia

Muisky district Republic of Buryatia

Kurumkansky district Republic of Buryatia

Kizhinginsky district Republic of Buryatia

1. Responsibilities of a tourist
2. Goods Declaration Forms
3. Compensation for non-delivered services and compensation for losses to tourists
4. The order of import and export of various goods
5. Travel reporting
6. The procedure for moving currency across the state border
7. Simplified taxation system
8. Definition of ecotourism
9. Types of ecotourism
10. Characteristics of the main world centers of ecological tourism
11. Growth dynamics and capacity of the ecotourism market
12. Factors and forecasts for the development of ecotourism
13. Russian experience in the international market of ecological tourism
14. Current state and prospects of eco-tourism activity in Russia
15. Specially protected natural areas as objects of ecological tourism
16. The practice of organizing ecological trails on the territory of specially protected natural areas
17. Real ecotourism potential of specially protected natural areas
18. Tourist capacity of specially protected natural areas
19. Tourist flows in specially protected natural areas
20. Evaluation of the effectiveness of using the ecotourism potential of specially protected natural areas
21. The concept and components of tour operating. Design of ecotours.
22. Tourism service quality management
23. Exploring the recreational needs of ecotourists
24. Tourist preferences in ecotourism
25. Development of programs for ecological tours in Buryatia
26. Organization of accommodation for ecotourists
27. Catering for tourists in ecological and adventure tours
28. Organization of accommodation and meals in ecological tours
29. Implementation of the tourist service program
30. Characteristics of the ecological infrastructure of the Republic of Buryatia
31. Ecological management at tourism enterprises.
32. Definition of safety in tourism
33. Safety Notice for International Tourists
34. Structure and causes of accidents in ecological tourism
35. Problems of safety in ecological tourism.
36. Dangers for foreign tourists in the Russian Federation
37. Technologies for minimizing environmental pollution in ecological tourism
38. List the main safety measures in ecological tours and excursions.

There will be a hike - there will be a fire!

WITH A DREAM AND A SONG TO THE GUITAR

Can you dream? Then imagine such a picture.

"Night in the forest. The fire greedily goes through the twigs. The flame pounces on the dry land and pulls out the tired faces of people from the darkness.

These are tourists. Today they will spend the night here in this forest, and tomorrow they will go further. Gurgling and indignant, tea boils in a pot. He smells like smoke. It pleasantly burns lips, it is not comparable to homemade tea!

And the fire is still burning. It seems that he is demanding something from people. He calls not to deviate from traditions. "Where is the song?" - branches crackle. "Where is the song?" - sparks fly like a fan.

Here is the song...

The guitar sounds softly. The song started with one voice. Then it was picked up by a second, a third. And now everyone is singing. They sing calmly, thoughtfully, gently ...

Quiet fire. He also listens to the song. Trees surrounded us on all sides. They appear to be huge columns supporting the night sky. The stars are right above us. Quiet, distant stars ... "

These words belong to the poet Robert Rozhdestvensky. They show only a piece of tourist everyday life associated with fire, bonfire.

Which kindling is the best?

But fire can also be very dangerous if a person loses control of it. Many fires are caused by not following the rules of behavior in the forest, especially when it comes to dealing with a fire.

When building a fire, the right choice of firewood and kindling is of great importance. Firewood can be conditionally divided into three types: deadwood, deadwood, living trees.

The best fuel is deadwood, i.e. trees that have dried on the vine - they contain the least amount of moisture. Among the dead wood, first of all, you need to choose a pine and a Christmas tree. A birch that has died on the vine is absolutely not suitable for a fire, since under a thick bark it does not dry out, but rots.

Deadwood is not always suitable for a fire. In prolonged bad weather, it gets completely wet and burns badly.

In rare cases, living trees are used for a fire. Firstly, it is not recommended to cut them for environmental reasons, and secondly, they are permeated with life-giving juices and do not burn well. In extreme cases, if necessary, it is better to chop them very finely.

As kindling, you can use birch bark (not from living trees), "cobweb" (lower thin, dried branches of conifers). In rainy weather, you have to use special tools (dry alcohol, a piece of candle, etc.) or get kindling from the middle of a dead tree. In prolonged bad weather, even dead trees are saturated with moisture. Therefore, it is necessary to chop down a dead tree, saw off a chock from it, chop the chock into logs, and from the middle splinter thin splinters suitable for kindling.

In a heavy downpour, these works and making a fire have to be done under a plastic wrap.

What kind of fires are there?

Bonfires can be conditionally classified by design.

The “well” provides good air access to the fire, and the logs burn evenly along the entire length. Such a fire is convenient for simultaneous cooking in several dishes.

"Shalashik". With this design of the fire, the firewood burns out mainly in its upper part, the flame is powerful, hot and concentrated. This fire is beneficial if you need to boil water or quickly cook something in one bucket.

"Star" and "Taiga" are most often used when people spend the night by the fire.

But before making any fire, you need to prepare the required amount of kindling and the amount of firewood required for the first time.

An experienced tourist will not move away from the fire until branches one and a half to two fingers thick flare up.

Nature should not suffer. Choose a place for a fire so that nature suffers as little as possible: the crowns of trees and their roots do not burn. With multiple trips to the same area, old bonfires should be used and new ones should not be planted.

It would be correct if you specially prepare a place for a fire: remove the sod with a shovel or an ax and cover the place of the future fire with the same sod. Sod is laid grass down. After the group decides to move on, the fire must be extinguished. It can be filled with water or covered with earth, but be sure to stir it up before that.

One rule must be firmly remembered: under no weather can one make fires on peat bogs.

To make the fire successful

Those guys who are in charge of preparing the fire should find a dead tree, go around it and determine the natural slope of the tree. You need to fell the tree in the direction of this slope (the one-sided position of the branches is also taken into account). In this case, the tree, of course, must be chosen according to its strength, so that you can confidently cope with it. You can search in the forest for individual logs, which are sure to be found, as well as collect dry branches. This is what, as a rule, tourists who care about the preservation of nature do.

But if it happened that for a fire you still have to saw a tree or chop it into chocks, and chop the chocks into logs, then do not forget about caution when working with a saw or an ax. After all, the "mood" of the campfire will mainly depend on compliance with safety rules.

REST ON A HALT: PLEASANT WITH USEFUL

Quizzes

Orienteering Quiz

1. On any sunny day, you can accurately determine the direction "south-north". At noon, the sun is above the south point. How to determine the moment of local noon?

2. What time is the sun in the south according to our clock?

3. The sun rises approximately in the east and sets in the west. When does it occur in the east, southeast, south, southwest, and west?

4. Sometimes we call one of the sides of a place north, and the opposite - south. Having divided our forest clearing, name the signs of the northern and southern directions on it.

5. It is widely believed that the north is easy to determine by the development of branches, crown and annual rings on stumps. Is it possible to determine the north in this way in the forest?

6. The bark of trees around the trunk of trees is not the same: on the one hand, it is rougher, on the other hand, it is more elastic, smoother. Is there any connection here with the sides of the horizon?

7. Of course, you have seen stones covered with moss and lichen. How to find out the direction to the north from such stones?

8. Did you know that plants can serve as a "compass"? Name the plants by which you can determine the north direction.

9. The fruits of various plants and berries in an open area ripen equally from all sides. How, in this regard, by the fruits and berries to determine where the north is?

10. North is often determined by the North Star, which is found in the constellation Ursa Major. How else can you determine the direction of "north-south"?

Quiz "About the fire"

1. Do you know why dry wood burns better than wet wood?

2. We begin to kindle a fire with the help of small chips, brushwood, dry spruce branches - they burn better. Why?

3. Do you know what a fire flame is? Does it look like a glowing filament of an electric lamp?

4. If the weather is calm, then the flame and smoke of the fire rise up. What is pulling them off the ground?

5. Of course, you have heard that the fire is crackling. And why?

6. More than once it happens that a spark from a fire burns through the clothes of a tourist. But what are the sparks of a fire? Are they not the same as the sparks that jump when electrical wires break?

7. The smoke of a fire rises very high above the ground. This feature is used to send distress signals. What is smoke?

8. Above the fire, the smoke rises in an even column, but at a certain height it begins to swirl in curly hats. What forms clubs?

9. In the fire all the time you have to put firewood, as they burn out. Where is the substance that burns in the fire?

10. When the fire goes out, the air above the fire rises like a pillar. Look at something through this warm current. You will notice that the object seems to be trembling. Explain this phenomenon.

Answers

Orienteering Quiz Answers

2. About 13 hours. In 1930, on the basis of a government decree, the hands of the clock were transferred to the USSR one hour ahead.

3. About 7 o'clock the sun is in the east; about 10 hours - in the southeast; about 13 hours - in the south; about 16 hours - in the southwest; about 19 hours - in the west.

4. In the first half of summer in a forest clearing, taller grass is found on the south side of individual trunks or high stumps; in the second half of summer, the grass is the same on all sides of the tree trunk; the grass located on the south side turns yellow faster than the one located on the north.

5. No, in the thicket of the forest, the trees cover each other from the sun, therefore, in the vast majority of trees located in the depths of the forest, the branches very rarely stretch to the south. The same applies to the increased gaps between the annual rings on the stumps.

6. Yes, there is. The trunk of a pine tree is usually covered with a secondary crust, which forms earlier on the north side of the trunk and is therefore higher than on the south side. On birches, the bark is lighter and more elastic on the south side of the trunk.

7. Moss and lichen usually cover the northern part of the stones (boulders).

8. The flowers of the string and sunflower turn after the sun during the day and never face north. The leaves of wild lettuce ("compassion") are turned edge to the zenith, and the planes of the leaves are facing east and west.

9. In an open forest clearing, berries and fruits during the ripening period acquire color earlier on the south side. So north is on the opposite side.

A) in December, around midnight, Orion points almost due south; b) Gemini is located above the south point in December around midnight, Canis Minor - in January; c) the constellation Leo is over the point of the south in March around midnight; d) in May, around midnight, the constellation Bootes is located above the point of the south; e) the constellations Cygnus and Aquila in the south approximately during July and August around midnight; f) Pegasus is located over the south point in September around midnight.

Answers to the quiz "About the fire"

1. With damp firewood, in which there is a lot of water, part of the heat is not spent on combustion, but on the evaporation of water. Therefore, the combustion process itself is weaker. The steam enveloping the firewood when it dries also interferes.

2. The thinner the kindling, the larger the ignition surface. Combustion occurs precisely on the surface, and, therefore, by increasing it, we facilitate combustion. Chopped kindling heats up more easily than large firewood when dried.

3. Tongues of flame are streams of gases, products of combustion, so hot that they themselves emit light. Any body heated to a very high temperature glows. In this way, the fire flame is similar to the luminous filament of an electric light bulb.

4. It is sometimes said that warm air is lighter than cold air and rises by itself. This is not true. Warm air, although lighter than cold air, cannot rise because it still has weight. It is displaced by the surrounding air, which is colder and descends under the influence of gravity, which means that if there were no gravity, warm air would not rise up.

5. Water and resin filling the cavities in the wood turn into steam when heated. Accumulating in large quantities and having no way out, the steam breaks the walls of the cavities with force, producing a crackling sound.

6. What sparks of fire and electric sparks have in common is only the name. Electric sparks are particles of air and metal vapors heated by current. The sparks of a fire are just tiny embers coming off a burning tree.

7. Smoke is particles of solid matter, unburned fuel. These particles are very small, they are a thousand times smaller than dust particles. Smoke particles are so light that they are supported by air currents above the ground and are always in motion.

8. The jet of air rising above the fire is slowed down by friction against the air layers surrounding it. The outer parts of the jet slow down their movement, while the middle continues to move quickly. The air flow swirls and, twisting, forms shapeless clubs.

9. Fuel burns, but not the substance of which it consists. Part of the substance remains on the ground in the form of ash, while part passes into a gaseous state and dissipates in the atmosphere.

10. Trembling is caused by the fact that warm air is less dense than cold air. Rays of light entering our eye pass through this less dense air stream. When passing from a less dense medium to a denser one, or vice versa, the rays of light are refracted, changing their direction, warm jets systematically sway over the fire. Light rays also oscillate with them, and this gives the impression of a trembling of visible objects.

1. What is considered the most extreme type of recreation among specialists?

2. How to protect yourself from a falling stone on a rocky area?

3. What saves a tourist from an avalanche, rockfall, falling eaves?

4. What, first of all, is noted by tourists when the partial pressure of oxygen decreases?

5. What should the chosen route comply with according to safety rules

6. Indicate the number of items included in the emergency packing (according to the manual of M. B. Birzhakov and N. P. Kazakov "Safety in tourism")

7. A versatile item included in emergency styling, protecting from rain, warming and serving as a signal mirror:

8. Which of the following items can be classified as special equipment?

9. Accommodation without a tent in summer conditions, when it makes no sense to set up a full camp:

10. Accommodation without a tent in winter:

11. Skitour - is it?

12. Gliding - is it?

13. What is solo climbing?

14. Ropejumping - is it?

15. Since when did the regular World and European Championships in spearfishing begin to be held?

16. From what period did the history of the emergence of underwater archeology begin?

17. Diving is it?

18. Military diving is:

19. Where there is an abundance of volcanoes7

20. Terrestrial types of extreme tourism include

21 Water sports of extreme tourism include:

22. Air types of extreme tourism include:

23. Urban types of extreme hobbies include:

24. Climbing includes:

25. New types of winter tourism and sports include:

26. The most extreme types of tourism include:

27. Unofficial types of rock climbing include:

28 Air types of extreme tourism include:

29. Urban types of extreme hobbies include:

30. Underwater types of extreme tourism include:

31. Underground types of extreme tourism include

32. The birthplace of jailoo tourism is

33. Bolderi ngato

34. Rope jumping is

35. Artificial points of support

36. Spelestology is

37. Kayaking is

38. What place is called "a paradise for divers"?

39. Special attention of divers in the White Sea deserves

40. What should be done after a jellyfish burn?

41. the first historically reliable mention of the use of a diving bell was in

42. Where did spearfishing originate?

43. In what year did a real revolution take place in the history of diving?

44. During what period did the passion for diving, like a fever, swept the whole world?

45. Jetbot is:

46. ​​Skysurfing is:

47. What kind of hobby with a parachute has recently developed rapidly?

48. Jolijumper is an invention of an Australian scientist

49. What type of jumping is the youngest, but very promising?

50. Who is the founder of base jumping?

51. Frisking is a kind of:

52. Skitour is:

53. In what country can you do without snow, having a snowmobile?

54. Which of the modern travelers traveled around the earth for 21 years?

55. What is a wakeboard?

56. Freeboarding is?

57. Bildering - is it?

58. The pioneer of space tourism was:

59. Who made a parachute jump from the stratosphere from a record height of 39.4 km?

60. Where, in what country is Krasnaya Polyana - the venue for the 2014 Winter Olympics?

61. In which country did heliski stand out as a separate type of recreation?

62. Who was the first sports commentator to bring a snowboard to Russia in the late 80s?

63. The birth of what played a truly revolutionary role in the development of active winter recreation?

64. Ringet is:

65. What is wokracing?

66. Ice cross dowheel - is it?

67. Kayaking is?

68. Hgonki - is this?

69. Drytooling is?

70. Wakeboarding is?

71. How many diving groups do you know?

72. Scuba diving is?

73. Karing is a journey?

74. Who is the inventor of scuba gear?

75. When did mass production of the first scuba gear begin?

76. When were the first underwater pictures taken?

77. From what year did underwater sports begin to develop in the USSR?

79. Who started space tourism?

80. Safari is it?

81. Zorbing is?

83. Arboristry is?

84. Volcanoboarding - what is it?

85. The homeland of extreme board entertainment is rightly considered:

86. What kind of extreme water tourism is considered universal?

87. What can not be done during a flood without extreme need?

88. What is the first thing to be evacuated during a flood?

89. What to do first at the final evacuation point

90. What are the basic directions you need to know when rafting in a kayak?

91. A favorite place for mudflows?

92. The main damage to the economy from the impact of the environmental factor in tourism?

93. Optional items of personal utensils in terrestrial extreme tourism?

94. Which of the air types of extreme tourism does not require the presence of flying equipment?

95. The name of the knots for tying two ropes of the same diameter (two answers)?

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In such cases, there may not be a tour operator license, because. the low profitability of such tours and the pronounced seasonality of their conduct simply does not make it possible to recoup the costs associated with obtaining and maintaining the necessary permits. I specifically write about these nuances in such detail so that you understand that the absence of a tour operator license in some cases does not mean that the tour will be poorly conducted, or that you will be deceived. Often it is even the other way around.

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We also cover all the important questions that you may have.
when deciding to participate.

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That's all for this issue.

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