Balkan Peninsula on the map of ancient Greece. Balkan countries and their path to independence

List of Balkan countries. Tourism: capitals, cities and resorts. Maps of foreign states of the Balkan region.

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The south-east of Europe, washed by the waters of the Mediterranean and Black Seas, the Balkans - a sort of corner for soulful neighborly gatherings in their own way. In the mountainous expanses of the Balkan Peninsula, everything is, of course, European ... but still completely native: taverns, potatoes and sweet peppers, Orthodox churches, cross-stitch on linen napkins, related languages and friendship strengthened in Soviet times and still unflagging. Balkan nepotism is special: the brotherhood of the Slavic peoples, bound by the socialist past, rallied in the face of an external formidable “enemy” in the entourage of their native landscapes - the same valleys and picturesque mountains, birch trees swaying in the wind and fat herds roaming the meadows with an indispensable shepherd, equipped with a flute, rags and bast shoes. So there is nothing surprising in the fact that we are again and again drawn to the Balkans - both abroad, it seems, and native expanses at the same time, plus this is a real kinship of souls.

Let's get down to the dry facts for a moment. Geographically, Bulgaria, Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Greece, Montenegro and Macedonia, as well as most of Serbia, half of Croatia, a third of Slovenia and quite a bit of Romania, Turkey and even Italy (province of Trieste) are located on the Balkan Peninsula. In the general cultural sense, the Balkans are all of the above, without taking into account Turkey and Italy: the first is usually attributed to Asia, the second to Southern Europe. As for the coasts and the various waves washing them, the Balkans can boast of a truly biblical diversity: only a staunch skeptic will say that there are only two seas here. In fact, not only the Mediterranean and Black, but also the Adriatic, Ionian, Marble and Aegean were noted here - a total of six! - choose for any water transparency, sand grain size and pebble hardness.

Balkan happiness

From a tourist point of view, the Balkans is an ideally balanced region in terms of types of recreation. Here, perhaps, there is nothing with the prefix "super-", but there is enough to satisfy vacationers with a variety of requests. In short, holidays in the Balkans are quite nice beaches surrounded by almost native nature (sand or pebbles plus coniferous forests, deciduous groves and low mountains on the horizon), wide opportunities for treatment at thermal springs, not outstanding, but quite interesting "excursion" ( what are only Macabre castles worth!) - and all this at divine prices, often without a language barrier, with Slavic cordiality and all sorts of “avek plezirs”. In addition, the Balkan countries are a real center of recreational childhood: there are a lot of children's and youth camps and a whole bunch of schools for teaching foreign languages. So if you are thinking about where to take an anxious grandmother with a restless grandson to the mutual benefit of both - do not hesitate: you will not find better than Bulgaria, Serbia, Croatia and Montenegro!

BALKAN PENINSULA, in Southern Europe. The area is about 505 thousand km2. The length from west to east is about 1260 km, from north to south - 950 km. It is washed from the west and southwest by the Adriatic and Ionian Seas, from the southeast by the Aegean and Marmara, from the east by the Black Sea. The northern border runs from the Gulf of Trieste to the Sava River and further along it and the Danube (to the mouth). The following states are partially or completely located on the Balkan Peninsula: Albania, Bulgaria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Greece, Macedonia, Romania, Serbia and Montenegro, Slovenia, Turkey, Croatia.

The coastline is heavily indented, especially in the Aegean Sea, the adjacent waters (except the Black and Marmara Seas) are replete with islands. In Greece - the large peninsulas of Peloponnese and Halkidiki. The shores are predominantly high, steep, with alternating rocky cliffs and bays with sand and pebble beaches, on the Black Sea coast they are flat, with a few capes, sandy beaches are almost everywhere.

Relief. The surface is predominantly mountainous. A combination of numerous ridges, massifs, uplands, plateaus and intermountain depressions is characteristic. In the northeast are the Stara Planina Mountains. To the south of them, separated by longitudinal basins, are the Rhodope Mountains, the Rila mountain range (height up to 2925 m, Mount Musala - the highest point of the Balkan Peninsula) and the Pirin mountain range (up to 2914 m). In the western part, parallel to the coast of the Adriatic Sea, there is the Dinaric Highlands, to the south passing into the mountains of Pindus (height up to 2637 m, Mount Zmolikas) and the mountains of the Peloponnese peninsula (height up to 2404 m). Karst landforms are widely developed, especially in the western and northwestern parts of the Dinaric Highlands (Karst Plateau). The plains are located in the north of the Balkan Peninsula (the southern part of the Middle Danube Lowland and the Lower Danube Lowland), in the east (Lower Thracian Lowland), in intermountain depressions (Upper Thracian Lowland, Thessalian Plain, etc.), in some places along the coasts.

Geological structure and minerals. The Balkan Peninsula is located within the Alpine-Himalayan mobile belt. The Serbian-Macedonian Late Precambrian-Paleozoic crystalline massif extends along its axis, which separates the two branches of the Alpid. To the west of the massif along the coast of the Adriatic Sea, the Dinaric fold-cover system (Dinarids) extends, which continues in Albania and Greece with an arcuately curved Ellinid system. The Ellinid arc is underlain by a zone of subduction (underthrust) of the crust of the Ionian and Levantine basins. It is associated with the high seismicity of the Balkan Peninsula and the volcanism of the Aegean Sea basin. To the east of the Serbian-Macedonian massif is the Balkan fold system (Balkanides).

Oil and gas deposits (Albania, Bulgaria, Greece), coal deposits (Bulgaria, Greece, Serbia and Montenegro, Bosnia and Herzegovina), nickel- and cobalt-containing iron ores (Albania, Greece, Serbia and Montenegro), manganese ores ( Greece, Bulgaria), chromites (Albania, Greece, Macedonia), bauxites (Greece, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina), tungsten ores (Bulgaria), copper (Bulgaria, Serbia and Montenegro), molybdenum, antimony (Serbia and Montenegro), lead and zinc (Bulgaria, Greece, Serbia and Montenegro), rock salt (Bulgaria, Albania), asbestos (Greece, Albania), barite (Bulgaria), sulfur, magnesite, marble (Greece). Numerous mineral springs in Albania, Bulgaria, Serbia and Montenegro.

Climate. In the west, south and southeast, the climate is Mediterranean, with hot, dry summers and mild, wet winters. The average temperatures in January are 7-11 °С, in July 25-27 °С. The climate is temperate continental in the central and northern regions. Average temperatures in July are about 20 °С, in January from 0 to -3 °С. In the mountains - altitudinal climatic zonality; snow cover persists for several months. The most moistened are the western slopes of the Dinaric Highlands - up to 2000 mm of precipitation per year (in the area of the Bay of Kotor - up to 5000 mm); in the eastern and southern parts (with the exception of high mountains) - less than 1000 mm, in some places less than 400 mm.

Rivers and lakes. The largest rivers are Velika Morava, Iskar, Drina (Danube basin), Maritsa, Struma, Vardar (Aegean Sea basin), as well as the border Danube and Sava. Most of the rivers are mountainous in nature, their maximum flow falls on the period from March to June, low water - from August to September. Large lakes - Shkoder (Skadar), Ohrid, Prespa - are located in tectonic depressions. There are many karst lakes, in the Rila mountains there are lakes of glacial origin.

Soils, flora and fauna. In the mountainous and foothill regions of the northern part of the Balkan Peninsula, mountain forest brown and mountain forest humus-carbonate, as well as brown forest soils are developed. On the Middle Danube and Lower Danube lowlands - chernozems and soils transitional from brown forest to brown, on the Upper Thracian and Lower Thracian lowlands - black fused soils of smolnitsa. The southern part of the peninsula is dominated by subtropical brown, mountain brown typical and carbonate soils; red-colored soils of terra rossa are common on the Adriatic coast. In the north and in the central regions, forests of oak, beech, hornbeam, spruce, fir and pine predominate. In the south and southeast - evergreen xerophytic forests and shrubs. Steppe communities are widely developed in the northeastern part. Grow olives, citrus fruits, grapes, tobacco; cereals (wheat, corn) and cotton are cultivated on the plains.

The fauna is quite rich and varied, especially many birds, amphibians, reptiles, and insects. From mammals there are a bear, a wolf, a fox, a jackal, a red deer, a roe deer, a wild boar, etc., rodents are numerous.

Lit.: Karri-Lindal K. Europe. M., 1981; Ananiev G.S., Leontiev O.K. Geomorphology of continents and oceans. M., 1987; Khain V. E. Tectonics of continents and oceans (year 2000). M., 2001.

V. V. Bronguleev; V. E. Khain (geological structure and minerals).

The Balkan region is often called the "powder keg" of Europe. And not by chance. In the 20th century, wars and conflicts of various sizes broke out here every now and then. Yes, and the First World War began here, after the heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne was killed in Sarajevo. In the early 1990s, the Balkan countries experienced another serious shock - the collapse of Yugoslavia. This event significantly redrawn the political map of the European region.

Balkan region and its geography

On a relatively small area of 505 thousand square kilometers, all the Balkan countries are located. The geography of the peninsula is very diverse. Its coastline is strongly dissected and is washed by the waters of six seas. The territory of the Balkans is predominantly mountainous and heavily indented by deep canyons. However, the highest point of the peninsula - Mount Musala - falls short even up to 3000 meters in height.

Two more natural features are characteristic of this region: the presence of a huge number of small islands off the coastline (mainly in Croatia), as well as the widespread karst processes (it is in Slovenia that the famous Karst plateau is located, which served as a name donor for a separate group of landforms).

The name of the peninsula comes from the Turkish word balkan, which means "large and wooded mountain range". The northern border of the Balkans is usually drawn along the line and the Sava.

Balkan countries: list

Today, there are ten state entities in the Balkans (of which 9 are sovereign states and one is partially recognized). Below is a list of them, including the capitals of the Balkan countries:

Slovenia (capital - Ljubljana).
Greece (Athens).
Romania (Bucharest).
Macedonia (Skopje).
Bosnia and Herzegovina (Sarajevo).
Serbia (Belgrade).
Montenegro (Podgorica).
Croatia (Zagreb).
Republic of Kosovo (partially recognized state with its capital in Pristina).

It should be noted that in some regional classifications, Moldova is also included in the Balkan countries.

In the second half of the 19th century, all the Balkan peoples were under the yoke of Turkey, as well as the Austro-Hungarian Empire, which could not contribute to their national and cultural development. In the 60-70s of the century before last, national liberation aspirations intensified in the Balkans. The Balkan countries, one after another, are trying to embark on the path of independent development.

The first of these was Bulgaria. In 1876, an uprising began here, which, however, was brutally suppressed by the Turks. Outraged by such bloody actions, as a result of which about 30 thousand Orthodox Bulgarians died, Russia declared war on the Turks. Ultimately, Turkey was forced to recognize the independence of Bulgaria.

In 1912, following the example of the Bulgarians, Albania also achieved independence. At the same time, Bulgaria, Serbia and Greece create the so-called "Balkan Union" in order to finally free themselves from Turkish oppression. Soon the Turks were ousted from the peninsula. Only a small piece of land with the city of Constantinople remained under their rule.

However, after defeating their common enemy, the Balkan countries begin to fight among themselves. So, Bulgaria, with the support of Austria-Hungary, attacks Serbia and Greece. The latter, in turn, provided military support from Romania.

The Balkans finally turned into a big "powder keg" on June 28, 1914, when Prince Ferdinand, the heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne, was killed in Sarajevo by Princip. Thus began the First World War, which involved almost all of Europe, as well as some countries in Asia, Africa and even Central America.

Breakup of Yugoslavia

Yugoslavia was created back in 1918, immediately after the liquidation of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. The process of its collapse, which began in 1991, significantly redrawn the political map of Europe that existed at that time.

Slovenia was the first to leave Yugoslavia as a result of the so-called 10-day war. It was followed by Croatia, but the military conflict between Croats and Serbs lasted 4.5 years and claimed at least 20 thousand lives. At the same time, it continued and resulted in the recognition of the new state entity of Bosnia and Herzegovina.

One of the last stages of the collapse of Yugoslavia was the referendum on the independence of Montenegro, which was held in 2006. According to its results, 55.5% of Montenegrins voted for secession from Serbia.

Shaky independence of Kosovo

February 17, 2008 unilaterally declared its independence. The reaction of the international community to this event was extremely mixed. To date, Kosovo, as an independent state, is recognized by only 108 countries (out of 193 UN members). Among them are the USA and Canada, Japan, Australia, most and also some states of Africa and Latin America.

However, the independence of the republic has not yet been recognized by Russia and China (which are part of which does not allow Kosovo to become a full member of the main international organization of the planet.

Finally...

Modern Balkan countries began their path to independence at the end of the 19th century. However, the process of forming borders in the Balkans has not yet been completed.

To date, ten countries stand out within the Balkan region. These are Slovenia, Greece, Bulgaria, Romania, Macedonia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia, Montenegro, Croatia, and also the partially recognized state of Kosovo.

Monastery of the Holy Trinity in Meteora (Greece)

In the southeast of Europe, on the vast Balkan Peninsula, there are many countries: Albania, Bulgaria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Greece, Macedonia, Montenegro And Serbia fit there entirely, Croatia by half, and Slovenia by a third. On the same peninsula are small parts of the territories of such countries as Romania (9%) and Turkey (5%).

The mountains of the Balkan Peninsula are not very high. In the west, there is the vast Dinaric Highlands and the mountains of Pindus, in the south passing into the mountains of the Peloponnese peninsula. In the north, in the Rila massif, there is the highest point of the Balkan Peninsula - Mount Musala (2925 m), Stara Planina, or the Balkans, and the Rhodopes also extend there. There are few plains; they lie along the outskirts of the peninsula and in intermountain basins.

Once this mountainous peninsula was almost entirely covered with forests. But people cut them down to make room for fields, orchards and vineyards. And livestock, especially goats, destroyed the young growth of tree species. Now there are few forests left on the peninsula.

In ancient times, Greeks, Macedonians, Illyrians, Thracians and other ancient peoples lived on this territory. Slavs appeared here only in the VI century. By the end of the XVI century. almost the entire Balkan Peninsula became part of the Ottoman Empire. Therefore, some of the South Slavic peoples and Albanians converted to Islam. But most of the southern Slavs remained Christians, however, the Slovenes and Croats who lived on the territory Austro-Hungarian Empire, predominantly Catholics, while Serbs, Montenegrins, most Macedonians, Bulgarians, as well as Greeks and Romanians are Orthodox.

The medieval museum city of Dubrovnik in Croatia is included in the list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites

The struggle of the Balkan peoples for independence from the Turokosmans was dramatic. Suffice it to say that such people as the great English poet Lord Byron (who died during the Greek War of Independence) took part in it. After the end of this war and the collapse of the Ottoman and Austro-Hungarian empires, part of the territories inhabited by the Slavs united into Yugoslavia. But at the end of the twentieth century. after bloody conflicts, it broke up into six republics.

In the north-west of the Balkan Peninsula, in Slovenia, there is the Karst (Dinaric Kras) plateau, after which amazing phenomena around the world are named: the formation of caves and underground rivers, stalactites and stalagmites in rocks.

Miscellaneous

Which countries are included in the Balkans, the countries of the Balkan Peninsula

Countries that are among some of the Balkans: Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Greece, Kosovo, Macedonia, Montenegro, Slovenia and Serbia

phrase in the Western Balkans is primarily a political category, and indicates in almost all countries of South-Eastern Europe that are not members of the European Union the Western Balkans will be for the former Yugoslavia without Slovenia, but with Albania
Sometimes..

this term includes Croatia, and sometimes does not, then there is no clear definition of this term.
public opinion in Croatia does not suit this approach of the European Union, because they are usually not considered as part of Croatia, in the Balkans, and fear that the EU is in the process of convergence and entry. Membership in each country will be considered individually, based on the progress in each country , i.e. Croatia will "wait" in any other country. appears and the fear that comes rounding from Croatian to the new Yugoslavia
Geomorphological.

Which countries are located on the Balkan Peninsula

", Western Balkans means the western part of the Balkan Mountains on the border between Bulgaria and Serbia, however, it has never been a fixed geographical term. Countries that are among some of the Balkans.. :
Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Greece, Kosovo, Macedonia, Montenegro, Slovenia and Serbia

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Balkan countries

Balkan countries(Balkan countries), a state located on the Balkan Peninsula in the southwest.

Europe: Albania, mainland Greece, Bulgaria, Europe. part of Turkey, most of the former. Yugoslavia and the southeast. Romania. Despite the 500th anniversary of the Ottoman yoke, the people in these countries will have their own language and religion, although from time to time they persecuted the Turks.

In the 19th century. In Turkey, the influence of the region was weakened, and Russia and Austria entered into conflict in the Balkans. In 1912

Balkan Peninsula

for the opposite circle. The committee established a Balkan alliance which led to the Balkan wars. The victory of Serbia in these wars and the struggle of Austria against Pan-Slavism contributed to the outbreak of the First World War. In accordance with the Treaty of Versailles, they tried to create a democrat in the region. Governing body. However, they were not crowned with success, and during the World War, authoritarian regimes were created in most countries.

The Balkan Entente (Balkan Entente) (1934) provided for the unification of Bg. and securing their borders. After 1945 B.G. they are distinguished by their adherence to the Council or Zap. policy. In 1954, a second Balkan treaty was concluded between Yugoslavia, Greece and Turkey, which provided for the army.

cooperation in case of aggression. But soon this alliance was interrupted by the Cyprus problem. In the nineties. The head of Yugoslavia became a source of tension in the Balkans. In 1991 Macedonia, Croatia and Slovenia declared their independence.

Croatia had to defend its statehood in the war with Serbia, in which both sides demonstrated a century. cruelty. The three-year armed conflict in Bosnia ended with the participation of the UN through the signing of the so-called Dayton Accords and the creation of the independent state of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Serbia and Montenegro remained part of Yugoslavia. In 1999, he mediated the ethnic conflict in Kosovo, which is an integral part of Serbia. Indeed, Serbia has effectively lost control of Kosovo.

Since 1996, economic measures have been taken, UN sanctions against Yugoslavia.

and to this day)

Balkans or Balkan Peninsula— It is a peninsula located in the southeastern part of Europe in the Eastern Mediterranean.

The Balkan Peninsula is surrounded by the Adriatic, Black and Mediterranean Seas.

Most of the peninsula is hills and mountains, but they are fertile plains.

Winters in the north are sometimes very cold, while summers can be very hot and dry.

The Balkan Peninsula narrows to the south and breaks into shrouded caps and island chains.

Balkan countries

Here is Greece, land of dark rocks, blue sea, whitewashed houses, ancient ruins and medieval churches. Cities like Athens are full of reminders of the ancient Greek civilization that greatly influenced the development of the whole world. Every year tourists come from all over the world. Farmers in the Balkans grow corn, sunflowers, melons, grapes, fruits, olives and tobacco. Greece has been a member of the European Union since 1981.

Living nationality of the Balkan Peninsula: Slavs (Slovaks, Slovenes, Croats, Serbs), Gypsies, Hungarians (Hungarians), Romanians, Bulgarians, Turks, Albanians and Greeks.

Balkan countries

On the Balkan Peninsula, the states are partially or completely located:

Albania
Bulgaria
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Greece
Italy
Kosovo
Macedonia
Romania
Serbia
Slovenia
turkey
Croatia
Montenegro

Conflicts in Yugoslavia

In 1990-1991, the former Yugoslavia invaded five countries - Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Yugoslavia and Macedonia. New borders emerged in 1990 in a bloody war, and Albania and Romania also suffered political unrest.

Where is it and how to get there

address: Europe, Balkan Peninsula

Balkan Peninsula or Balkans on the map

GPS coordinates: 41.859106, 21.083043

The Balkan Peninsula is located in the southeastern part of Europe.

Countries of the Balkan Peninsula

From the southwest, south and east, it is found in the Mediterranean Sea, Adriatic Sea, Ionian Sea, Marmara, Aegean Sea and Black Sea.

The northern borders of the peninsula are considered a nominal line to the Danube, Sava and Kolpa rivers, and the latter - from the source to the Kvarner Bay (see Fig.

Map of the Balkan Peninsula

There are 12 countries in whole or in part on the territory of the Balkan Peninsula:

Albania 100%
Bulgaria 100%
Bosnia and Herzegovina 100%
Greece 100%
Kosovo 100%
Macedonia 100%
Montenegro 100%
Serbia 73%
Croatia 49%
Slovenia 27%
Romania 9%
Turkey 5%

All countries, with the exception of the Republic of Kosovo, are members of the United Nations.

The Republic of Kosovo has the status (in the UN) of partially recognized countries.

My friend:

Pattern: Peninsula

Balkan Peninsula(Slovene.Balkanski polotok, Croatian.Balkanski poluotok, Bosn.Balkansko poluostrvo, Template:Lang2, rum.Peninsula Balcanică, Template:Lang2, Alb.Gadishulli Ballkanik, Greek.Βαλκανική χερσόνησος, Tur.Balkanı.madası . Paeninsula Balcanica) is located in southeastern Europe. The area is about 505 thousand km².

Where is the Balkan Peninsula located? What countries are called the Balkans?

It is washed by the Mediterranean, Adriatic, Ionian, Marmara, Cretan, Aegean and Black Seas from the southwest, south and southeast. The coasts of the peninsula are strongly dissected. The relief is predominantly mountainous (Stara Planina, Rhodopes, Dinaric Highlands, Pindus).

The northern border of the peninsula is considered to be a conditional line drawn along the Danube, Sava and Kupa rivers, and from the source of the latter to the Kvarner Bay.

On the Balkan Peninsula, partially or completely located.

If you are going to get acquainted with new countries, take a close look at the map of the Balkan Peninsula. These lands can offer travelers unexpected but pleasant surprises, where history, art, and the fusion of a wide variety of cultures create amazing itineraries for family vacations, active pastimes, and even exotic travels.

Unique and noisy city centers, historical sites from different eras, museums full of various artifacts, original architecture, busy promenades and pedestrian streets full of restaurants and cafes...

And the Balkan Peninsula and its map are famous for their unique natural landscapes, which create ample opportunities for outdoor activities, including on mountain lakes, in winter - skiing from the mountains, in summer - historical tourism, introducing the ruins of ancient civilizations. Add the fact that the Balkan countries themselves are quite compact, but at the same time they have a very developed transport infrastructure, and the prices for holidays here are quite low, which makes them undoubtedly very interesting for a budget traveler. In addition, a significant part of the population in the Balkans are Slavic peoples, close to us in spirit, religion, and character ...

Map of the countries of the Balkan Peninsula

The countries on the map of the Balkan Peninsula, whose territory is partially or completely within the Balkans, include: Albania, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Greece, Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia, Slovenia, Romania, Turkey.

The European Union includes Greece, Slovenia, Bulgaria, Croatia and Romania, so you need a Schengen visa to visit these countries. Other countries listed above offer visa-free entry into their territory.

Balkan Peninsula visa map

For the most part, the countries of the Balkan Peninsula practice visa-free entry. For example, the Republic of Macedonia once again unilaterally extended the possibility of free entry for our compatriots. The visa-free regime, which has been virtually uninterrupted in this country since March 15, 2012, has now been extended once again for citizens of the Russian Federation and Ukraine - until March 15, 2020.

You can also visit Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina without visas. Until recently, Croatia also had a visa-free regime, but having joined the European Union, it introduced Schengen visas (see the post "Visa to Croatia"). Montenegro today is also a visa-free country (see "Montenegro summer").

You can stay continuously on the territory of the visa-free Balkan countries for 30-90 days within a six-month period.

Holiday season in the Balkans

The best time for a holiday in the Balkans is May-September, and for those who love skiing - January-February.

Macedonia and Serbia do not have access to the sea, but rest on the mountain lakes of these countries, at their balneological resorts can be a great addition to sightseeing tours in the Balkans.

In the north and northwest, the Balkan Peninsula, which is part of Southern Europe, borders on such states as Austria, Hungary and Italy.

Climate and weather

The north of the Balkan Peninsula and its central regions (Serbia, Slovenia, partly Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina) have a temperate continental climate characterized by cold, snowy winters and hot, dry summers. In July here the average temperature is about 22 -25C; in January the air temperature fluctuates between -1C in the plains and -5C in the Balkan mountains.

Balkans video

The climate in the south and west (Greece, Turkey, Montenegro, Albania, Macedonia) is typical subtropical Mediterranean, which is characterized by hot summers and cool winters. In July, the average air temperature is 26C, and in January + 10C.

The climate in the northeast (part of Romania, Serbia, Bulgaria) is characterized by warm summers and cool winters. In July, the average air temperature here is 22C, and in January + 5C.

Macedonia is famous for its hot and dry weather in summer, as well as wet and cold winters, which is typical for a continental climate. In the south of this country, the climate is reminiscent of the Mediterranean - mild and warm. In July, the warmest month of summer, the average air temperature is +22C. In January, slight frosts await you with a temperature of -3C.