Cars category. What kind of transport can be driven with category C

On November 5, 2013, amendments to the Federal Law "On Security traffic". These amendments, in particular, introduced new categories and subcategories of vehicles for drivers into the law.

To control mopeds and light quadricycles (up to 50 cc), a new category was introduced - "M". You can no longer drive mopeds without a driver's license.

Sub-categories have been introduced within already existing categories (“A”, “B”, “C”, “D”, “BE”, “CE” and “DE”). In Russian driver's licenses, such designations as "A1", "B1", "C1", "D1", "C1E" and "D1E" appeared.

Also, special categories are required to drive trams and trolleybuses. driving license Tm and Tb, respectively, there were no such categories before (special marks were put in the driver's license).

Age of obtaining a driver's license of various categories

The age at which you can learn to drive is regulated by the traffic rules of the Russian Federation, 21.4 A learner on a car or motorcycle must be at least 16 years old.

Accordingly, in categories C and B, you can study from the age of 16, you can take the exam in the traffic police at 17, and the rights will be obtained at 18 plus 1 day. You can study for category A from the age of 16, and take exams only at the age of 18. In most motorcycle schools, they are ready to teach for category A only from the age of 18, earlier they offer to get a category A1 driver's license.

You can get a driver's license for a scooter or moped (category M) from the age of 16 (as well as for subcategory A1).

Category M opens at any open category(if it allows), so that you can be trained not for category M, but for any other category, for example, for A (A1) or B. Often this is justified, since the requirements and cost may differ slightly and it is better to open a more complex category. As of January 2016, M-category training is not widespread.

To hand over to the traffic police for category M (as well as for A and A1) you need a theory and a platform. Most of the texts on this site are geared towards obtaining categories B and C, but motorcycle categories may also be useful to those receiving.

Keep in mind that the medical requirements for category M (and naturally A) are higher than those for category B.

Opening subcategories when obtaining and exchanging a driver's license

When exchanging a driver's license, all previously opened categories are saved, and the corresponding subcategories are additionally opened. Now, before the exchange of a driver's license, if the driver has, for example, category "B", then he will not need category "B1" - he can already drive both those and other cars.

It is interesting that the B1 subcategory is automatically opened even if there is category A. But there are differences - in this case, you can drive vehicles falling under category B1 with motorcycle control. When category B is open, subcategory B1 opens with control like a car (there is a car steering wheel, gas pedal). That is, in fact, vehicles falling under subcategory B1 exist in two versions that differ in controls. The type of driving is specified in the driving restrictions (3rd column in the driver's license): "AS" - automobile driving, and "MS" - motorcycle driving. If you have categories A and B open, then B1 is unlimited (both options).

Requirements for obtaining categories BE, CE, DE

Along with age, there are additional restrictions on obtaining a driver's license in certain categories. Thus, training in categories BE, CE, DE implies a driving experience of 12 months in categories B, C, D, respectively.

On the Internet they constantly write that category D can be opened only after the opening of categories B and C, on this moment this is not so (and I don’t remember what such a restriction would be).

Driving vehicles with automatic transmission

The law also allowed the examinations to be taken on cars with automatic transmission. A corresponding mark will now appear in the driver's licenses of such drivers - in section 14 "Restrictions" the designation "AT" will be placed - driving only a car with an "automatic". If you want to expand your driver's license from automatic to manual in the future, then you will have to re-learn at a driving school and re-take exams at the traffic police. So think carefully about how you study. The issue is discussed in detail in a separate text.

Opening a new or several categories of a driver's license at once

As I already wrote, in order to obtain a driver's license, you must definitely study at a driving school, self-surrender to the traffic police, "external", have been canceled. This also applies if you already have a driver's license and want to open a new category of driver's license. Now this action can be carried out only through a driving school.

At the same time, modular training in driving schools is now being declared, so there will be a discount on training for having a higher education institution. You need to communicate with driving schools and find out who can offer Better conditions. Some driving schools offer an accelerated course with fewer driving lessons (assuming the person has the skill).

Sometimes you can do without training at all:

You can also simultaneously study for several categories at once, usually we are talking about categories B and C. This is more profitable than consistently studying for them. When passing the exam, you can take the theory one time, driving is given for each category. The fee for obtaining a VU is also paid once (if the delivery to the second category is delayed, then you can get a VU with one open category, then the fee for issuing a VU with a new category will have to be paid again).

What rights can be obtained at the age of 16 and which category is optimal for studying

As written above, at the age of 16 you can get category M and subcategory A1. Given that the cost of training is almost the same, it makes sense to study for A1, the subcategory covers significantly more types of vehicles (up to 125 cubes, max power 11 kW). Category M main feature in that it opens in the presence of any other category (if the ability to control motor vehicles is registered in the driver's medical certificate).

Can I ride a moped/scooter up to 50cc (category M) with category B(C, D, E, etc.)?

The question comes up all the time, so I'll answer in more detail.

1. If you have a VU of the old format, where there is no category M yet, you can drive.

2. If there is a VU of a new format, where there is already a category M, but it is not affixed - it is impossible!

Driving a moped in the absence of a permit mark threatens with a fine as for driving without a VU, at the time of writing (9.2016) - from 5 to 15 thousand rubles.

Driving a tractor, ATV, etc., obtaining a tractor driver's license

Tractors are also divided into categories (A/B/C/D/E/F) and sub-categories (A1/A2/A3/A4), the categories define the class of the vehicle and how it can be used, such as whether it can go on roads. As already mentioned, ATVs, which are becoming more widespread, are also formally tractors. To operate them, you need to have a driver's license. How to get a certificate and the right to drive a tractor can be found at the link.

Driver's license restrictions

Section 12 of the driver's license indicates the existing restrictions on the validity of the license in relation to the relevant categories, subcategories of vehicles. If the holder of the certificate is granted the right to drive vehicles of the relevant categories and (or) subcategories with automatic transmission only, this section is marked "AT".

If there is a category "A" in the driver's license and there is no category "B", in section 12 for the subcategory "B1" a mark is made MS confirming the right to drive vehicles of subcategory "B1" only with a motorcycle seat or motorcycle-type steering wheel.

If there is a category "B" in the driver's license and there is no category "A", in section 12 for the subcategory "B1" a mark is put AS, confirming the presence of restrictions on driving vehicles of subcategory "B1" with a motorcycle seat or motorcycle-type steering wheel.

If there are categories "A" and "B" in the driver's license in section 12 for the subcategory "B1", no marks are made.

If the holder of the certificate has medical restrictions on driving a category “M” vehicle, a mark is made in section 12 "ML", confirming the presence of medical restrictions on driving vehicles of category "M".

General restrictions on the validity of a driver's license in relation to all categories and subcategories of vehicles that are medical indications for driving a vehicle are indicated in section 14 in coded form:

MC— medical indications for driving a vehicle with manual control;

AT- medical indications for driving a vehicle with automatic transmission;

APS— medical indications for driving a vehicle equipped with an acoustic parking system;

GCL- medical indications for driving a vehicle using medical products for vision correction by the driver of the vehicle;

HA/CF- medical indications for driving a vehicle using medical devices by the driver to compensate for hearing loss.

The driver, driving the bus, must be able to perfectly cope with several tasks at the same time:

move at the speed of the flow of cars, if there is no specially allocated lane, without creating interference;
observe the rules and the planned schedule of movement along the route, at the same time stop frequently and skillfully maneuver, despite large dimensions between other road users.

At the same time, the bus must have a smooth ride without sharp shocks and shocks, since the driver is fully responsible not only for the health and life of his passengers, but also for their comfortable stay during the trip.

general characteristics

When entering a driving school in order to obtain category “D” rights, you should adequately assess your capabilities and potential, but if you are not afraid of difficulties and you are determined to try yourself in this matter, then feel free to start preparing documents.

Keep in mind that shifts of several hours in a row, constant stress associated with high risks - this is all that awaits a candidate for a bus driver.

A driver's license is a document that gives the right to drive vehicles of a certain category.

In order to become a bus driver, you need to get a category “D” license, and to drive small vehicles, only category “D1” is enough. Let's take a closer look at these categories.

Category of rights "D"

This includes buses of any size, as well as vehicles supplemented by a trailer not exceeding a mass of 750 kg. For trailers over 750 kg, you will need to obtain an "E" category license. Having studied for the category "D", you are only allowed to the vehicle category "D1".

Category of rights "D1"

Vehicles with seats for passengers ranging from 9 to 16 belong to the subcategory "D1", this also includes buses supplemented with light trailers up to 750 kg. Category D licenses are also suitable for driving such buses.

Training for category "D": terms and cost

Category "D" is usually taught in the presence of an open category "C" or "B". The duration of retraining from category "C" will be 30-40 days, and from category "B" - a little more time, about 40-50 days.

The cost of classes will depend on many factors:

driving schools;
region;
from which category you will be retrained.

For example, in order to learn how to drive a bus, having a category "B", in many schools you need to pay a cost almost 2 times higher than with a category "C".

How to get rights?

To get the rights of category “D”, you need to pass a qualifying exam at the traffic police, and before that, regularly attend classes at a driving school for 1-2 months, learn all the rules of the road and master the necessary skills to ride a bus. But first you need to enroll in retraining courses. What is needed for this?

Requirements

To enroll in the ranks of students of a driving school, you must meet the following requirements:

reaching the age of twenty;
possession of a driving license of category "B" or "C";
driving experience in these categories must be at least three years;
the absence of contraindications for health reasons and a certificate of passing a medical commission, where you were recognized as “fit” to drive a category “D” vehicle.

As a rule, for admission to a driving school, you must submit the following documents:

photographs (the size and number are determined by the driving school);
medical certificate of passing the commission (your health must be in excellent condition);
identity card;
driver's license category "B" or "C".

Practical classes in most cases begin after 2 weeks and are conducted in parallel with the reading of the theoretical course. Together with the instructor, based on your wishes, an individual driving schedule is developed.

Based on the results of the training, before the exam in the traffic police, you will have to pass the final test in a driving school.

Exams

Each driving school has its own procedure for conducting the final exam. Often, the requirements for students are no less serious than in the exam at the traffic police. It is formed according to the same principle: first, the theoretical part is surrendered, and then the students proceed to surrender at the autodrome.

Students who do not master the material are sent to retake. Many driving schools deliberately raise the bar for passing the theoretical part.

For example, the number of questions increases, and the number of allowable errors is reduced or completely eliminated.

In the practical part, students demonstrate their skills when performing all the available exercises, and not just three, as in the traffic police. Those who successfully pass the test receive admission to the qualifying exam in the traffic police.

The theoretical exam includes solving on a computer one randomly selected by the program ticket containing 20 questions. There are 40 of them in total.

You can also preliminarily test your knowledge on special Internet resources or using applications on electronic devices. All assignments are in open access and it won't be hard to find them.

After passing the theory, the next stage of testing begins - passing the exam at the airport. The driver candidate demonstrates the driving skills acquired during training:

smoothly starts and stops;
performs a snake exercise (riding along a winding path);
unfolds in a limited space;
park in reverse parallel to the curb;
enters the box.

After successfully passing the test, the student is given an examination sheet and sent to take the final part of the exam - driving a bus on the streets of the city. During the control ride, the examiner-inspector observes the maneuvers of the novice driver with passenger seat, but can intervene if a dangerous situation arises.

If you fail the exam, you will be asked to retake it no earlier than a week later. But if within six months you still do not get the right, then you will be sent to retake all the stages on a new one. And with a successful outcome of events, you will be given a package of documents with which you can get your long-awaited category "D" rights on the same day.

There is nothing complicated with this process, you just need to be patient and carefully study all the material, then you will succeed!