Underwater bridge in China. China has built the longest sea bridge in the world. The creation of the viaduct took place in difficult conditions

Superbridge has two lanes in each direction. At the same time, cars are prohibited from driving on it at a speed higher than 80 kilometers per hour.

The construction of the bridge began in 2007 and was carried out according to the original Chinese technology.

This stunning bridge has recently opened in the province Hunan, China. It is located above the gorge with a height of 180 meters. An interesting moment: the bridge sways in the wind! So all thrill-seekers will be happy to see in the picturesque village of Hunanpijan.

Zhunyang Hanging Mos t - the southern part of the complex bridge structure crossing the Yangtze River in Jiangsu Province, about 45 km east of Nanjing. The complex consists of two bridges: suspension southern and cable-stayed northern. It is part of the Beijing-Shanghai Expressway. The name of the bridge comes from the fact that it connects Zhenjiang (former Runzhou) and Yangzhou.

Lupu Bridge- the second longest arch bridge and steel arch bridge in the world, after Chaotianmen in Chongqing. The total length of the bridge is 3.9 km. The bridge was designed and built to offload traffic and connects Shanghai's Pudong new business district with one of the old Luwan. Construction began in October 2000. The road of the bridge is fastened on cables attached to the arch. For the bridge, two paired curved arches were made. The arches of the bridge have 16 puffs stretched between the bases of the arch, this is due to the soft soil of the banks of the Huangpu River, because without them the arch would straighten. The bridge was opened on June 28, 2003.

Xihoumen Bridge Suspension bridge in Zhoushan archipelago, China. The main compartment was completed in December 2007. The bridge was opened in test mode on December 25, 2009. It is the second longest bridge in the world, in terms of the length of the central compartment. The launch date was delayed due to the ship colliding with a bridge support on November 16, 2009.

jiangyin bridge - This is the bridge across the Yangtze River closest to the sea at the time of its construction, but later two more bridges were built downstream: the Sutong Bridge and the Shanghai Bridge and the Yangtze Tunnel. It connects Jiangyin City, Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province, China, and Jingjiang City, Taizhou City, the same province. The main span of the bridge is 1,385 meters long, making it the seventh longest suspension bridge in the world and the largest in China when it was completed in 1999. With the completion of the Junyang Bridge in 2005 and the Xihoumen Bridge in 2007, it became the third largest in China.

qingdao bridge across the bay - the second longest bridge (in total) in the world and the first longest bridge over water (as of January 2011). Crosses the northern part of Jiaozhou Bay, connecting the city of Qingdao (36°09′36″ N 120° 21′27″ E with suburban industrial area Huangdao (36°05′39″ N 120°07′33″ E. The length of the bridge is about 42.5 kilometers (26.7 miles), which surpassing the previous record-holder, the Pontchartrain Bridge in Louisiana, by almost 5 kilometers China already hosts ten of the world's longest bridges, including the 164-kilometer Danyang-Kunshan Viaduct on the Beijing-Shanghai High Speed ​​Rail.

Tsingma, Tsing-Ma - suspension bridge in Hong Kong, the sixth longest in the world. It connects Tsing Yi Island in the east and Mawan (Ma Wan) Island in the west, is part of the Lantau Highway, which, with three other bridges, connects the New Territories, and Chek Lap Kok Island, where Hong Kong International Airport is located. The railway is part of the MTR subway system, the Tung Chung line and the international airport.

Chaotianmen Bridge - an arch bridge with the longest span in the world, crossing the Yangtze and Jialingjiang rivers in Chongqing (PRC). The total length of the bridge is 1.7 km. Construction of the bridge began in December 2004 and was completed on April 29, 2009.

Bridge over Siduhe Suspension bridge across the Siduhe River Valley in Hubei Province, China. The maximum height above ground level is 496 meters, making it the tallest bridge in the world. The bridge is part of the G50 highway connecting Shanghai and Chongqing. The bridge has 4 working lanes for traffic and 2 reserve lanes.

Yongle Bridge(Yongle Bridge) formerly called the Chihai Bridge with a Ferris wheel panorama of the city of Tianjin across the HaiHe River, China.

In the south of China in the business district of Zhuhai, China, the Shizimen Bridge has won an international bridge and gateway design competition. Many large construction companies from China and other countries took part in the competition. The jury evaluated both the design of the buildings and the economic component. In particular, a lot of attention was paid to energy consumption for the production of objects.

http://bigpicture.ru/, based on materials from foreign press

There is an incredibly beautiful bridge in China 36 kilometers. It passes through the Hangzhou Bay and the Qiantang River at the Yangtze River Delta. Until recently, it was the longest bridge in the world, but in 2011 its record was broken Qingdao bridge also in China.

It is high time to admit that jokes about Chinese quality do not correspond to the current state of affairs, and the Hangzhou Bridge is a great confirmation of this. This bridge is S-shaped, it is a complete part China East Coast Super Highway connecting the north and south of the country. Its beginning is in jiaxine, and the end is in Ningbo. Thanks to the bridge, Ningbo to Shanghai can now be reached two hours faster, and the journey becomes shorter by 120 kilometers. The project provides for a guaranteed service of the bridge for a century and the possibility of its easy reconstruction after this period. The bridge even has a shipwreck protection system.

The name of the chief engineer for the construction of this bridge is Wang Yong. He proudly states that the Hangzhou Bridge was built under incredibly difficult technical conditions, but all difficulties were successfully overcome. The fact is that it crosses one of the strongest water flows on Earth, the bottom here is very heterogeneous, and typhoons happen very often. The bridge was built for five years - from 2003 to 2008, but already in 1994 the first research work began. Nine years of consultations and numerous studies continued, more than 700 experts from around the world were involved in the work on the project.

As a result, the option of a bridge held by cables was chosen. It was decided that such a bridge would be better able to withstand high waves, multidirectional currents and complex bottom geology. The bridge is also not afraid of earthquakes up to seven points.

Today hangzhou bridge daily passes from 45 to 50 thousand cars. Thanks to him, the process of economic development accelerated in the Yangtze River Delta. The local governor believes that thanks to the bridge, a more convenient and efficient transport network will form in this area.

And some more numbers.

The Hangzhou Bridge has three lanes for vehicles in each direction, and its total width is 33 meters. Its spans are so high above the water that fourth and fifth generation container ships can pass freely under them.

During the construction process, the bridge nodes were first cast on the ground, and then transported for installation to the part under construction. Huge floating cranes were used to install them, and 50 GPS systems monitored the accuracy of fitting spans to each other.

When the bridge was ready, an incredibly magnificent and crowded opening ceremony took place.

There is an island in the middle of the bridge where drivers can take a breather. Its area is 10 thousand square meters, it has not only gas stations and restaurants, but also hotels. Viewing platforms are provided for tourists. And at both ends of the bridge there are public parks - a paradise for tourists.

The Chinese have accomplished another architectural miracle on a grand scale. The completed Hangzhou Bay Bridge is a key section of China's East Coast Super Highway. The bridge starts at Jiaxing in the north and ends at Ningbo in the south of the country. It is the longest bridge in the world crossing the ocean, with a length of 36 kilometers. The bridge crosses Hangzhou Bay in the East China Sea and the Qiantang River in the delta of the great Yangtze River.

The bridge is not only the longest (by sea), but also built in the most difficult marine environment - one of the three strongest currents on Earth flows here, typhoons often occur, and the seabed is extremely heterogeneous. The map shows the location of the bridge:

Pictured is the opening ceremony of the Hangzhou Bridge

Hangzhou Bay is a bay in the East China Sea where one of China's natural wonders, the Qiantang River flow, is observed, creating fast water currents and large waves. The area is also prone to frequent typhoons. These factors made the task more difficult for the planners, with the development of the design and construction plan only completed after nine years of consultation and more than 120 technical studies involving more than 700 experts worldwide.

The cable-retained bridge design was chosen as it was considered the best to withstand adverse conditions, multidirectional currents, high waves, and site geological conditions. The structure of the bridge was also designed according to seismic criteria and maintains the integrity of the bridge in earthquake conditions up to seven points on the Richter scale. The 36 km bridge has six lanes, 3.75 meters each, three in each direction. The total width of the bridge will be 33 m. The height of 62 m will allow fourth and fifth generation container ships to pass under the arches. The total length of the rope used in the project will be 32.2 km.

All bridge components were cast on the ground, and then the finished components were transported to the site for assembly and final installation. Giant floating cranes with precise anchoring devices were used to ship and install the girders at sea. The Hangzhou Bay Bridge consists of nine sections, 50 RTK5700 GPS systems have been installed in order to dock all plates and sections of the bridge with perfect accuracy

In the middle of Hangzhou, there is a 10,000 m driver's rest island where you can relax and enjoy a full range of services, including hotels, restaurants, gas stations and an observation deck. The island is popular with tourists who love to watch the famous river flow. The maintenance island is built entirely on a pier to avoid destruction and is equipped with the latest security and monitoring systems. There are public parks on both sides of Hangzhouwan.

The new bridge connected Hong Kong, Zhuhai and Macau. The bridge took eight years to build and is estimated to cost 110 billion yuan (14.16 billion euros). The construction, which lasted eight years, created three artificial islands and an underwater tunnel (also the longest in the world).

Here's what it all looks like.

In 2018, the longest bridge in the world across the sea was put into operation, which connects Hong Kong, Macau and Zhuhai. The length of the structure is 55 km, of which 38 km falls directly on various sections of the bridges. In addition to them, there is an underwater tunnel almost 7 km long and artificial islands. The length of the main bridge is almost 30 km, for traffic there are three lanes in each direction.

Construction has been underway since 2009, while taking into account environmental requirements so as not to harm the marine fauna of the region. The tunnel and sections with cable-stayed bridges were built in order to ensure the passage of large-capacity sea vessels.

The main work was completed in July 2017, and it was expected that traffic on the bridge would be launched before the end of the year. However, the coordination of border control mechanisms is still ongoing: Hong Kong and Macau, although they are part of the PRC, are special administrative units.

According to the creators, the bridge will be able to withstand an earthquake of magnitude 8 and will last at least 120 years.

It took 420,000 tons of steel to build the bridge, enough to build 60 Eiffel Towers.

The Ran Yang Bridge is located in China and was completed in 2005. It is the tenth longest bridge in the world, with a length of 35,660 meters.

9. Hangzhou Bay Bridge. 35.673 meters, China

At 35.673 km in length, the Hangzhou Bridge is one of the longest ocean bridges in the world.

8. Yangcun Bridge, 35,812 meters, China

This beautiful Bridge was created on the Yangtze River.

7. Manchac Swamp bridge. Manchak Swamp Bridge, 36,710 meters, USA

The first bridge on our list not built in China. The total length is 36.710 meters. Built in 1970.

6. Dam bridge on Lake Pontchartrain, 38,442 meters, USA

The Lake Pontchartrain Dam Bridge consists of two parallel bridges crossing Lake Pontchartrain in southern Louisiana, USA. The longer of the two bridges is 38.35 km long. It is the longest bridge in the world built entirely over water. Built in 1969.

5. Qingdao Bay Bridge, 42.5 km China.

Crosses the northern part of Jiaozhou Bay, connecting the city of Qingdao with the suburban industrial area of ​​Huangdao. Built in 2011.

4. Highway Bang At 54,000 meters, Thailand.

The total length of the bridge is 54 km, the width of the bridge, which carries out traffic in six lanes, is 27.2 meters.
Opened February 7, 2000.

3. Bridge over the Wei (Great Weinan Bridge), 79.732 meters, China.

It is part of the existing Zhengzhou High-Speed ​​Rail Line, which connects the cities of Zhengzhou and Xi'an in the People's Republic of China. Opened in 2010.

2. Tianjin Great Bridge, 113,700 meters, China.

The second longest bridge in the world. Opened in 2011
Erected as part of the Beijing-Shanghai High-Speed ​​Railway and the Beijing-Tianjin Intercity Railway.
It starts a little southeast of the Beijing South Railway Station, then crosses two districts (Antsy and Guangyang) of the Langfang City District and ends in the north of the central part of the city of Tianjin.

1. Danyang-Kunshan, 164,800 meters, China.

The longest bridge in the world. Built as part of the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway. The bridge is also used for vehicular traffic. Construction lasted a record-breaking four years from 2008 to 2011. 10,000 people were involved in the construction. And the total cost was $8.5 billion. Approximately 9 km of the bridge is laid over the water surface. Danyang-Kunshan is listed in the Guinness Book of Records.
The bridge is located in East China in Jiangsu province, between the cities of Shanghai and Nanjing.

Now we will tell you about one of the longest bridges on the planet - this is the bridge over Hangzhou Bay. Its second name is the Great Transoceanic Bridge across the Hangzhou Bay.

Its location is drawn on the map with a red line (photo above)

Let's hit you with the numbers:

• the length of the bridge is almost 36 kilometers
• its total cost is 1.4 billion US dollars at the rate of the distant December 2004

How they built a large transoceanic bridge across the bay

Construction was planned for 9 years. More than 700 scientists from all over the world worked on the development. And in the end, when all the computational, engineering and architectural work was done, large-scale construction of the bridge began in 2003, which ended in 2008.

The bridge is in the shape of the English letter S with six car lanes. The width of one lane is 3.75 meters. The total width of the structure is 33 meters. The height of the structure is 62 meters. And it is designed for 100 years of operation with the possibility of further reconstruction.

The length of the cables used in construction was 33 kilometers.

The bridge connects the city of Jiaxing in the north and the city of Ningbo in the south of China.

Thanks to him, it became possible to get from Ningbo to Shanghai in one hour, and the length of the path is 80 kilometers. Previously, when there was no bridge, Chinese residents and tourists had to go around Hangzhou Bay, which took as much as 4 hours, it was necessary to drive 400 kilometers. Today, the path has been reduced by four times.

Clearly in the middle of the entire journey, an artificial island was erected for the rest of drivers and their passengers with an area of ​​10,000 square meters. This island is completely on the pier, which allows us to talk about its reliability and safety. The recreation center houses restaurants, hotels, parks, viewing platforms and petrol stations.

The speed of movement on the roadway is 100 kilometers per hour.

Remarkable is the fact that this bridge is not only one of the longest in the world, but also built in the most difficult aquatic environment. One of the strongest water currents on the planet flows in this area. Therefore, large waves are not uncommon here, and engineers took this into account when designing.

But despite all the difficulties, in 2009 the Hangzhou Bay Bridge was opened, and today 50,000 vehicles pass through it daily.