How it works. Boeing aircraft manufacturing. Overview of The Boeing Company (THE BOEING COMPANY)

United States: Chicago

James McNerney (Chairman and President)

aircraft industry, space engineering

▲ $3.3 billion (2010)

160.5 thousand people (January 2011)

The Boeing Company is an American corporation. One of the world's largest manufacturers of aviation, space and military equipment. The headquarters is located in Chicago (Illinois, USA).

The corporation consists of two main divisions: Boeing Commercial Airplanes (civilian products) and Integrated Defense Systems (military products). In addition, the corporation includes Boeing Capital Corporation (issues of project financing), Shared Services Group (infrastructure support) and Boeing Engineering, Operations & Technology (development, acquisition and implementation of innovative technologies and processes).

Main production capacity The companies are located in the following cities: Everett (Washington State), California, St. Louis (Missouri State).

Story

Boeing has two major divisions:

• Boeing Commercial Airplanes, which builds civil aircraft;
• Integrated Defense Systems, carrying out space and military programs.

The company's factories are located in 67 countries around the world. The company supplies its products to 145 countries of the world. Boeing works with more than 5,200 suppliers in 100 countries.

Competition with Airbus

Boeing in Russia

Since 1993, the Scientific and Technical Center (NTC), as well as the Boeing Design Center, have been operating in Moscow, leading scientific and engineering developments for the needs of the company. Especially for testing components of Boeing aircraft at the Central Aerohydrodynamic Institute. prof. N. E. Zhukovsky (TsAGI) in the city of Zhukovsky a unique test bench was built.

Since 1997, the Verkhnyaya Salda Metallurgical Production Association VSMPO Avisma has been supplying 25% of the titanium used by Boeing for the production of civil aircraft.

Since July 2009, Ural Boeing Manufacturing, a joint venture between VSMPO-AVISMA and Boeing, has been operating in Verkhnyaya Salda, Sverdlovsk Region. The company is engaged in the machining of titanium forgings for Boeing 787 Dreamliner and Boeing 737 aircraft.

Slogan: One destination. A world of solutions.

Perhaps the world's most famous manufacturer of aviation, military and space technology. But the corporation started Boeing from a tiny factory where small planes collected entirely by hand.

The history of the company began back in 1916, when the company was founded on July 15 The Pacific Aero Products Company, a year later renamed to Boeing Airplane Company. It was founded by William Boeing, who built a seaplane with the help of George Conrad Westervelt B&W. It was a fabric-lined wooden structure that nevertheless flew well.

The company especially distinguished itself in 1933, when the Boeing 247 passenger aircraft was developed. The model turned out to be reliable, simple and safe, although not without a number of shortcomings. It was a ten-seat twin-engine all-metal aircraft with retractable landing gear. Aircraft of this model were destined to discover sad statistics - October 10, 1933 on board one of them ( regular flight Chicago-Cleveland) there was an explosion. It was the first terrorist act in the history of aeronautics.

In June 1938, the Boeing 314 Clipper was created, a seaplane designed specifically for transatlantic transportation. This plane could carry 90 passengers. It was developed by order of the company pan am (Pan American World Airways). The time is gradually approaching when aircraft will completely replace ships in the business of passenger transatlantic transportation. In the same year, the company's all-weather aircraft appeared - the Model 307 Stratoliner "truck".

Like many other companies, during the Second World War, Boeing not only did not reduce production, but on the contrary - expanded it. That's just, instead of civil aviation, military aircraft were assembled at the factories, up to 350 units per month. Basically, these were B-17 bombers (known as the "Flying Fortress" - they were actively used for patrolling, bombing, and also to fight German submarines) and B-29 (these aircraft were used in the bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki).

After the end of the war, production had to be drastically reduced by closing factories and laying off staff. On the basis of the same B-29, a passenger aircraft was hastily created. However, since then, military orders have become commonplace for Boeing.

The further history of the company is the history of many successful and not so successful developments. Both military and civilian. Light stripes replaced dark ones, but in general, things are Boeing formed well. The company's developments were actively used in space projects, such as Apollo And space shuttle. In the period from the 60s to the 90s, such legendary aircraft models as the Boeing 737, 747, 757 ...

In 1997 Boeing takes over another manufacturer aviation technology Douglas Aircraft Company- its sworn competitor. What was immediately displayed in the logo, in which a “piece” from a competitor appeared.

Despite the constant competition from another aircraft manufacturer - Airbus, aircraft sales Boeing impress. Orders run into hundreds or even thousands of pieces. For example, on April 10, 2009, a significant event took place: the air carrier Air France, longtime partner Boeing purchased the 777th Boeing 777 twin-engine aircraft.

To date, the corporation includes two divisions. This Boeing Commercial Airplanes dealing with civil aviation And Integrated Defense Systems in charge of the military and space sectors. In addition to these, there are organizations such as Boeing Capital Corporation- financing issues, Shared Services Group- infrastructure support, and Boeing Engineering, Operations & Technology engaged in research, technology and their implementation.

The company's headquarters is located in Chicago, Illinois, USA (Chicago, Illinois, USA). The company's factories are scattered all over the world. The number of employees has already exceeded 150 thousand people. Aircraft production Boeing can be found in any more or less major airport worldwide.

People have dreamed of conquering the sky since ancient times, and there have always been daredevils in history who sacrificed their whole lives for the sake of this dream. Some considered them insane, but in the end, it was precisely such people that heaven obeyed. Speaking about the discoveries and developments related to the celestial spaces, one cannot help but recall and say about the Boeing company with its creator - William Boeing. If not for him, who knows what path aviation would take and would exist now in the form in which we are all used to. Boeing aircraft and equipment are used all over the world, any major airline considers it his duty to buy at least one unit of transport.

In addition, the company actively sponsors and develops third-party research related to space exploration, solving various air transport tasks, and improving military aircraft and fighters. He is now a multi-billion dollar tycoon with offices in various countries on almost all continents. The company's income is constantly growing, it has repeatedly beat various world records. Boeing is an example of how the dream of the sky turned into an unprecedented commercial success and a recognizable brand. But first things first.

Initially, the plane in the form in which we are now accustomed to seeing it was invented by the Wright brothers. In 1903, they flew a very impressive distance in their first aircraft. These people were innovators, before them engineers fought over different models gliders without worrying too much about handling and safety. But the inventors went the other way. They spent more than one year, but in the end their work was crowned with success. The newspapers trumpeted it, as it was world wide news.

It coincided with graduation from William Boeing University. He studied, it is worth saying, he was good, but had nothing to do with aviation. And after graduation, he actively began to conduct business related to the timber trade. It was here that he made great fortune, which later became the initial capital for his life's work. Boeing was a respected man, an active businessman, purposeful and serious. But when he first saw an airship at a trade show in 1909, he fell in love with aviation and the sky.

Further, Boeing for some time hatched a plan of its own offspring, along the way closing the gaps in education. He went to exhibitions and demonstration flights. On one of them, the pilot miraculously did not die, but even this did not frighten, but only interested the businessman. He realized that his business should offer not just flights to the sky, but safe flights. This is how Boeing was born.

Further development of the corporation

We can say that the company began its official existence in 1905.

At the same time, Boeing met and became friends with flight enthusiasts Westervelt and Maroni. In parallel, Boeing himself learned to pilot.

Initially, Boeing was a hangar with airplanes, on which everyone could travel short distances. But the planes existing at that time did not suit the businessman. Finding enthusiasts, he began his development. Here are just a few of the many facts that are known about the firm at the time:

1. Boeing invested $100,000 in its brainchild, an astronomical sum by those standards, and its entire fortune.
2. Initially, the company established itself as the world's first mail carrier.
3. Only after a while was the first St. Francisco-Chicago air route created.
4. The first model appeared passenger aircraft(for 12 persons) in 1929.
5. In 1930, a heavy cargo aircraft appeared, fully adapted for cargo transportation.

The firm grew and expanded. She had departments where they taught pilots, produced aircraft or parts for them (propellers, wings), designed equipment, trained engineers, provided transport services. By 1929, the founder of the company became one of the richest businessmen in America. His contribution paid off in full.

Boeing 787 aircraft assembly line Boeing Co. in Everett, Washington

Ups and downs

Unfortunately, not everything was so smooth in the aviation business. The American government was not too happy about unity in this area. As a result, a law was passed that forbade airline companies to simultaneously engage in both postal and passenger flights, as well as to create aircraft. Boeing broke up into three subsidiaries:

• Air Lines, which was engaged in the transportation of passengers;
• aircraft;
• Boeing Company (design and manufacture of aircraft).

For the owner of the company, this was a terrible blow. Everything that he created for so many years, partly collapsed, underwent changes. He retired, retired. He quenched his thirst for speed and adrenaline with a new passion - breeding horses. Various parts of the company passed to the very enthusiastic pilots who were with him at the very beginning of his career.

What is Boeing after the departure of its main mastermind? This is a company that was also not going to lose the palm. In 1930, the company produced a modified and modern fighter aircraft, on which the US military would train for a long time. Then in 1938, the company launched the 307 Stratoliner passenger aircraft, which for decades defined the ideal of a passenger aircraft. air transport. At the same time, Boeing did not forget about military equipment and created powerful and high-speed bombers.

War and post-war period

World War II destroyed many destinies and firms. But this does not apply to Boeing. Yes, development passenger aircraft practically ceased, they were simply not in demand and dangerous at such a time. However, the company has become the largest manufacturer of military aircraft. At the same time, a record was broken at the factories of the corporation, which still remains relevant - in emergency mode, the company produced 16 aircraft per day.

But after the war, the crisis reached this giant. In 1946, 7,000 people were fired. The company suffered losses, there was no great demand for flights. However, even here everything turned in its favor. Trying to find new facets of business, the company began to produce new, more advanced bombers, produced the world's first air refueling aircraft, introduced the first jet passenger aircraft - the Model 707. One of them was once bought for the US President.

And in the 60s, the sky was not enough for Boeing - the company began to explore space. Engineers created sometimes quite fantastic projects - for example, a huge orbital station of a new type. But it was the creation of the company - the Apollo 11 spacecraft that flew to the moon and successfully allowed the astronauts to set foot on this soil.

Boeing airliners and bombers

Boeing aircraft and modern times

Since the 70s, the company has been producing aircraft that are still used by all companies in the world and fly to various destinations. In this time frame, the world saw the Boeing 737 - the best-selling airliner of all time (the record has not yet been broken). After that, the 747 was released - which was the biggest creation in the line.

Of course, it cannot be said that the company's business has always been going uphill. The oil crisis led to total cuts, the workers were indignant, the management was spinning and trying to take new orders. But in the end, another crisis subsided and left the corporation in the black. Until now, it remains one of the largest and most successful aviation firms. This is the largest aircraft manufacturer, the US contractor for the construction of the space station. In addition, Boeing is America's leader in exports. Just think, the volume of revenue for the year is about 60 billion a year.

The throne was shaken only at the beginning of the 2000s. Then the palm in terms of income passed to another giant of the sky - Airbus. However, this colossus stayed afloat. Some critics say Boeing engineers have run out of ideas. This, of course, is not true. The project includes a passenger supersonic aircraft, as well as new airliner, which will make a breakthrough in terms of ergonomics and comfort for passengers. Boeing attracts more and more new engineers, buys interesting, but small companies, and along with them - their ideas.

For example, not so long ago the world saw the Boeing 787 - it was released in 2011. This is very modern liner, which can accommodate up to 330 passengers. The speed reached is 903 kilometers per hour. At the same time, the most modern systems and computer devices are installed in the cockpit for successful control even in critical situations. It remains only to wait what else Boeing will surprise the whole world in the near future, because there is no doubt that it will be something new.

In contact with

Factory most large sizes in the world is located near the city of Seattle, Washington, in the northwestern United States. This is Boeing Everett Factory, assembly shop worldwide famous company for the production of aircraft. Boeing Everett The Factory is known not only for being the largest factory on the planet - at the same time it is the building with the largest amount of usable space in the world.

This ratio is achieved by the fact that the racks in the warehouse of the plant were installed in a special way throughout the entire workshop. Due to their ergonomic location, they do not interfere with aircraft assembly. According to 2010 data, more than 72 thousand employees are involved in the work of the enterprise.

The total volume of the building exceeds 13,385,378 cubic meters, but, despite this impressive figure, the area of ​​​​the territory occupied by the construction is slightly larger than the average area of ​​the world's largest shopping centers.

The plant did not immediately reach such an impressive size. Since the construction in 1968, the plant has been significantly expanded twice - in 1980 and 1993. Even before the end of construction, tours began to be held at the plant. At first, visits to the plant took place unofficially, but, convinced of the success of the undertaking, since 1968, the company's management set excursion tours on a commercial basis.

During the first six months, 13,000 people visited the plant. The plant has not lost popularity among tourists even in the years economic crisis seventies and to this day is one of the main attractions of the state of Washington. In the 80s, a tourist center, a theater and a museum were created on the territory of the plant. Tourist centre was radically rebuilt in 2005.

It is in this workshop that the most popular models of Boeing 747, 767, 777 passenger aircraft are assembled, as well as the latest development of the company - the Dreamliner aircraft, also known under the number 787. In the period from 1967 to 2009, more than 1,400 famous Boeing 747 liners left the factory gates. .Veterans Issue passenger aviation continues to this day.

Boeing opens plant in Russia November 23rd, 2017

Why am I doing all this...

Resident of the Special Economic Zone (SEZ) "Titanium Valley" in Sverdlovsk region- Ural Boeing Manufacturing (UBM, a joint venture between VSMPO-Avisma and Boeing) - will arrange the release aircraft accessories.

On November 23, UBM, a resident of the Titanium Valley, began importing machine tools from Japan to the special economic zone. The first batch of cargo will be delivered by road within a few days. Fives (USA). This will be one of the most modern plants in Russia, the launch of which is scheduled for the second half of next year," the administration of the Sverdlovsk region reports.

UBM will handle the rough and finish machining of titanium forgings. We are talking about parts of the fuselage, wing, pylons and landing gear for all models of Boeing aircraft: 737, 777 and 787 Dreamliner and 777X. Investments in the project will amount to 5.5 billion rubles, 230 jobs will be created here.

A customs post was opened in the Titanium Valley SEZ, and a free customs zone regime operates in the zone. UBM and Zibus will be the first residents to receive exemptions for equipment imports. US Ambassador to Russia John Huntsman said during a working trip to Yekaterinburg that the Ural Boeing Manufacturing project is "the most successful example of mutually beneficial Russian-American relations."

The head of Boeing in Russia and the CIS, Sergey Kravchenko, noted that the development of this enterprise "demonstrates the strengthening of the strategic partnership between the two countries and emphasizes the importance of mutually beneficial cooperation between Boeing and VSMPO-Avisma Corporation, as well as federal and regional authorities."

UBM has been operating in Verkhnyaya Salda, Sverdlovsk Region, since 2009. In 2012, Governor Evgeny Kuyvashev, during a meeting with Kravchenko, proposed considering the possibilities of the Titanium Valley SEZ for the development of joint projects between Boeing and VSMPO-Avisma.

The SEZ "Titanium Valley" is one of the ten industrial type SEZs in Russia. The priority projects of the "Titanium Valley" are the production of titanium products, parts and equipment for metallurgy, oil and gas engineering, space and aviation industries, the production of medical products and building materials. The SEZ has 13 residents.

And what do you think, is one of the reasons for such a “movement” of Boeing is that they are under the constant threat of sanctions already from our side? As far as I know, over the past 3 years, many foreign manufacturers have localized their production in Russia, including those who have already fallen under sanctions.