Ms 21 400 is a new Russian passenger aircraft. Lack of production capacity. What is in my form to you

In Irkutsk, the first newest Russian long-haul aircraft was rolled out since the Soviet era. This project should become not just commercially successful, but innovative. MS-21 will bring Russian civil aviation to a new world level. The Russian airliner promises not only to be on a par with Boeings and Airbuses, but also to surpass them in a number of parameters.

On June 8, 2016, Irkut Corporation (part of UAC) held a solemn ceremony of rolling out the first MS-21-300 aircraft intended for flight testing.

“It's called the big leagues. And in no case should we disappear from this major league. ”

Speaking at the roll-out ceremony, Russian Prime Minister Dmitry Medvedev noted: “This is a huge victory for the Irkut Corporation, our scientists, our designers, our engineers, our workers. With your hands, of course, with some support from the state, the modern Russian aircraft industry is being created.”

“For obvious reasons, a new project in the aircraft industry is not cheap at all. In general, there are very few states that have developed aircraft manufacturing. And it's called "major league". And in no case should we disappear from this major league. Therefore, we are working for the future and will continue to update the Russian civil aviation fleet,” Medvedev promised.

In his opinion, the demand for the new MS-21 aircraft will grow as soon as it starts flying.

The first flight of MS-21 should take place before the end of this year. Serial production is expected to start in 2017. And at the end of 2018, the first airline will receive a liner for commercial exploitation. It will be Aeroflot.

MS-21 will be presented in two modifications: MS-21-300 for 160-211 passenger seats and a shortened version of MS-21-200 for 130-176 seats. Certification of the first version is planned in 2017-2018, the second version - in 2019-2020.

Comparison with competitors

“MS-21 is the first in recent history Russian project to create a main aircraft. Until now, we lived off the Soviet backlog - and now we have grown to our own product, ”says the head of Avia.ru Roman Gusarov.

For the first time, Russia is entering into competition with the world's aircraft manufacturing concerns - Airbus and Boeing. The main competitors are improved versions of the Airbus A319neo and Boeing 737 MAX (remotorized, that is, with improved engines), as well as the Chinese development of Comac - C919.

“The A320neo and Boeing 737 MAX aircraft currently on the market offer improved fuel consumption performance and some reduction in direct operating costs. The price for them is higher than for their non-refurbished versions. At the same time, the MS-21 is positioned as an aircraft that provides even greater advantages than remotorized bestsellers, but at the price of non-remotorized aircraft,” says Oleg Panteleev from Aviaport.

Thus, the developer claims that the operational characteristics of the MS-21 are reduced by 12-15% compared to the current generation aircraft and by 6-7% compared to their remotorized versions, that is, with the A320neo and the Boeing 737 MAX. The reduction in operating costs is achieved through reduced fuel consumption and reduced aircraft weight.

The cruising speed of the MS-21 is higher than that of the European competitor - 870 km/h versus 828 km/h for Airbus. Even the Boeing 737 MAX with its 842 km / h is inferior to the Russian airliner. “If we calculate how many kilograms of structure are per one passenger seat with a similar layout, then the MS-21 will look better than its rival,” says Oleg Panteleev. – It will have the same engine as the A320neo in terms of fuel consumption, but the MS-21 will have less weight and better wing in terms of aerodynamic performance, which will provide him with additional advantages.

At the same time, the catalog price of one MS-21 airliner is $85 million. Whereas Airbus A319neo costs from 97.5 to 124.4 million dollars, depending on the modification, and Boeing 737 MAX - from 90.2 to 116.6 million dollars.

In addition, the designers have reduced the turnaround time of the aircraft at the airport by as much as 20% compared to competitors. Together with better fuel and weight efficiency, airlines will be able to earn up to $3 million additionally from operating the MS-21.

“It has more than 10 centimeters more diameter of the fuselage, which makes it possible to make the passage between the seats wider: when one person puts his things on the luggage rack during landing, the other can go further deep into the cabin behind him. Due to this, the time of embarkation and disembarkation is significantly reduced,” says Panteleev.

The design of the passenger cabin and toilet cabins also makes it possible to speed up the process of cleaning the aircraft and prepare it for a second flight. This will allow airlines to increase flight hours and, if necessary, compensate for flight delays and maintain punctuality.

“Those few minutes that can be saved during the turnaround of an aircraft at airports are a very serious advantage for large airlines. If you multiply a few minutes by several dozen aircraft, and also take into account that the MS-21 itself flies a little faster than its competitors, it turns out that airlines can perform great job with fewer aircraft,” explains Panteleev.

And, of course, the widest cabin in its class should provide a new level of comfort for passengers and crew of the MS-21.

Russian know-how

Another design advantage MS-21 is the use of the latest in its creation composite materials. The share of composites in the structure is about 40%.

But the most important thing is that the MS-21 has a composite wing. Moreover, the wing manufacturing technology itself differs from what is abroad. “The Boeing-787 Dreamliner and A350, as you know, also have composite wings, but they make them using a different technology. Our technologies are cheaper and make the wing lighter. In fact, we were able to take the technology developed by Austrian companies, significantly transform it, master it and bring it to mass production. In the future, this technology can give even better results, that is, it will provide a significant superiority of the wing created according to Russian technology over the wing created according to traditional technology used in Europe or America,” says Oleg Panteleev.

We are talking about the infusion technology for creating a composite wing box for the MS-21 aircraft. Russia was the first to use this technology on an industrial scale, and even more so for the manufacture of large aviation structures. The so-called black wing improves the aerodynamic quality of the aircraft in cruising flight.

Another important point is associated with the intelligence of the aircraft - software that contains the algorithm and functions for controlling the aircraft. All this was developed by Russian specialists themselves from Irkut, TsAGI and other companies that are part of the UAC.

“As a result, the MS-21 aircraft received, on a largely foreign element base, the implementation of Russian and often unparalleled ideas on how to fly an aircraft,” says Panteleev.

“The MS-21 aircraft control system has many functions - the so-called foolproofing, which are not on foreign aircraft, and those that were not even on the SSJ. Although the SSJ was extremely advanced in this regard, ”adds the aviation expert. We are talking about improving the safety of the aircraft and reducing the risk of the human factor in control.

Panteleev gives several examples. When the Airbus 321 crashed over Sinai, there was information that during its operation the previous airline had touched tail section runway fuselage.

“Even on the Tu-214, a system was invented and implemented that does not allow the pilot to turn his nose up during takeoff so that the plane strikes its tail. This feature was also implemented on the SSJ 100. And now it is on the MS-21. But due to the fact that the MS-21 has a very large wingspan, for the first time a restriction was introduced not only on nose up, but also on the angle of roll, so that when landing, the aircraft would not touch the ground with a wing or engine nacelle (the place where the engine is located ),” says Panteleev.

The MS-21 control system will also protect the aircraft from the so-called stall, which occurs if the aircraft turns up its nose and loses speed. “The aircraft loses stability and falls on the wing, and it is difficult to get it out of this mode. On the MS-21, even if the pilot pulls the steering wheel towards himself, he will only be able to increase the angle to the maximum, but still safe value, but he will not be able to go over the line, ”the source says.

Russian engineers even managed to evaluate how the aircraft should behave in icing conditions, that is, when ice formed on the wing. In this case, the critical angle, which saves the aircraft from nose up and stall, will be even smaller.

Another example is the Kazan and Rostov crashes of the Boeing 737. “In the course of the investigation of these crashes, it was noted that when going to the second circle, the pilots move the engine control levers (or adjust the button), and the engines go into high mode, that is, take off for the second circle . And since the engines are under the wing, they create the so-called. pitching moment, or, in other words, lift up the nose of the aircraft, - says Panteleev. - Automation in MS-21 when changing the engine operating mode or when releasing or retracting air brakes automatically counters the pitching moment. If, when gaining thrust, the engines tend to turn the aircraft so that the nose is lifted up, then the control system maintains the aircraft in the same position with the elevators as it was before the change in thrust,” says Panteleev. There are still many such functions in the MS-21, he assures.

All this automation allows you to level the side effects of the "manual" control of the aircraft.

“Yes, perhaps the element base is foreign, but Russia has taken over the most important functions for the development of know-how. Russia, firstly, came up with these functions of the control system, and secondly, integrated them into foreign-made units. Maybe we took the microcircuits of others, but we did not give our ideas to foreigners - how to implement it. We got what we are now superior to our competitors,” says Oleg Panteleev.

The heart of the liner

Finally, Irkut offers MS-21 customers a choice of new generation engines from two manufacturers. The first is PW1400G from the American Pratt & Whitney. The second is the PD-14 turbofan engine, the latest and completely domestic, from the United Engine Corporation (UEC). For the first time since the collapse of the USSR, Russia is building a new engine. It was developed specifically for the MS-21. In November 2015, the UEC began flight tests of the PD-14.

According to Alexander Inozemtsev, general designer of the Perm Aviadvigatel, the PD-14 should ensure the superiority of the MS-21 over the A320 and Boeing-737 aircraft and ensure parity with the engines that will be installed on the upgraded A320neo and Boeing 737 MAX aircraft.

“PD-14 is the first development in civil engine building at the highest level in 20 years. And we had to master the production technology from scratch. We may not be ahead of everyone on the planet, for example, titanium blades are already being made abroad, but it is important that we ourselves have learned to do this no worse than our competitors,” says Oleg Panteleev.

Firm Orders

The success of the liner is traditionally determined at the stage of its development, before the actual release from the assembly line. And the main criterion for success is the number of firm contracts concluded. And success in the world market is ensured by orders from foreign companies. On this moment there are firm orders for 175 MS-21s and another 100 options. Among the operators are the Russian Aeroflot and UTair and Red Wings. So far, of course, demand comes from Russian companies, although foreign customers are also appearing. In November 2015, the Egyptian airline Cairo Aviation (a subsidiary of KATO Investment) ordered six aircraft, plus an option for four more MC-21s. Potential buyers include Iranian airlines and Tanzanian airline Air Tanzania.

“Negotiations with foreign suppliers are underway, however, deliveries abroad are impossible without the aircraft receiving European certification. And this will happen before the fourth quarter of 2018. And then the deliveries of aircraft to airlines will begin. And depending on the manufacturer meeting the deadlines and confirming the characteristics, it will be possible to count on foreign markets,” says Avia.ru director Roman Gusarov.

He is confident that the planned production volumes - 70 aircraft per year by 2023 - will be fully purchased, including by foreign airlines. At the same time, half of the aircraft can be used to cover the needs of the domestic market. Panteleev also has no doubts about the commercial success of the MS-21, if, of course, it successfully passes all the tests and confirms the declared characteristics.

MS-21 is a medium-haul aircraft, and this class is the most popular not only in Russia, but throughout the world. According to manufacturers' estimates, worldwide demand for it exceeds 20,000 aircraft. If Russia sells 1,000 such aircraft, then this will be the fulfillment of the maximum program for it. At the same time, for the world market, 1000 aircraft is only 5%, Panteleev notes.

As for Boeing and Airbus, nothing threatens the success of their modernized aircraft, given the volumes already contracted. Therefore, it is Russian and Chinese aircraft that will have to fight for a place in the world market.

“Aircraft of this size is a huge market, and it continues to grow, therefore, in principle, both the Irkut and the Chinese airliner can find a place on it,” Panteleev believes. - All airlines operating aircraft of this size - and there are more than 350 of them in the world - are interested in the emergence of a third manufacturer that will break the existing monopoly. And if this manufacturer offers a good product, then he will improve the situation on the market and take his piece of the pie.

And the Russian liner has a higher chance of conquering foreign markets than the Chinese rival.

“The C919 will use the same CFM International LEAP engines as the A320 and B737. This is the newest generation. MS-21 will also have an engine newest generation. But the Chinese use traditional material in the fuselage, and they have a metal wing. Therefore, the MS-21 will have a lighter wing and higher aerodynamic characteristics,” says Panteleev.

In terms of comfort or aircraft turnover, the C919 doesn't offer any superiority either, because the fuselage volume is only 1cm larger than the A320. Comfort MS-21 promises much higher than the Chinese rival.

However, the MS-21 still has to go through the most important and unpredictable stage - flight and other tests, confirmation of all characteristics and certification. “The moment of truth is coming - what was calculated on paper and made in metal will need to be confirmed in the sky,” says Roman Gusarov.

At the end of May 2017, the "thunderstorm of Boeing and Airbus" - the newest Russian aircraft MC-21 - took off for the first time. As soon as this steel bird was not called in the Russian press: both the “liner of the Russian dream” and the “aircraft of the future”. But are such epithets appropriate?

The history of the MS-21 medium-haul airliner began in 2002. Then Rosaviakosmos announced a tender for a project to create passenger aircraft. Il-214 (Ilyushin Design Bureau), Tu-234 (Tupolev Design Bureau) and MS-21 (Joint project of OAO Irkut and Yakovlev Design Bureau) took part in it. Moreover, the MS-21 was based on the very outdated Yak-242, which was developed back in 1993. He, in turn, was a deeply modernized model of the Yak-42 narrow-body aircraft, the operation of which began back in the distant 1980s. Surprisingly, it was the MS-21 project that won the tender and received the first $150 million for the development of the aircraft. In 2014, the MS-21 investment project was valued at $3.9 billion. Sberbank of Russia allocated a significant part of the funds for the project under the guarantees of the Russian government.

"Russian aircraft should not lose to foreign ones in terms of their characteristics," Dmitry Medvedev said at one of the meetings of the Security Council on development issues aviation industry. The vice-president of the Irkut company said that he expects to produce approximately 1080 MS-21 aircraft by 2035.

The name MS-21 stands for very menacingly - "the main aircraft of the XXI century." As conceived by its authors, it should not only replace outdated models from the Soviet era, such as the Tu-154, but also become a serious competitor to the popular Airbus A320 and Boeing 737. There is only a small problem - tens of thousands of aircraft from foreign aircraft manufacturers have been in operation for many decades, and the only MS-21 completed its first flight only at the end of May 2017. In addition, the Russian PD-14 engines planned for installation on the MS-21 were never created on time, and the MS-21 flew with the American Pratt & Whitney PW1400G .

The first flight of the MS-21 evoked a strong sense of surrealism of what was happening: the "thunderstorm of Boeing and Airbus" was not just hidden from the public, but was completely classified. The first test flight of any new aircraft is always held in a solemn atmosphere, the show is attended by representatives of the creator company, the media, politicians and foreign guests. After all, any aircraft is a commercial project, the main goal of which is to become as famous as possible for potential buyers. Such a demonstration increases the chances of obtaining orders and is one of the elements of promotion to international markets.

Nevertheless, the first flight of the "main aircraft of the 21st century" lasted only half an hour and took place in the regime of special secrecy, which is an unprecedented event in the history of aircraft manufacturing.

For comparison: the first flight of Boeing 737 MAX 9 lasted 2 hours and 42 minutes, Airbus A320neo - about 2.5 hours. The Chinese passenger Comac C919, which also made its first flight not so long ago, stayed in the air for 79 minutes. Moreover, competitors gained three times the height during this time than the MS-21. Of course, such "nuances" can be attributed to a special test program Russian aircraft. But if everything is so good, then why such secrecy?

Instead of a heart - Perm motor

One of the main components modern aircraft are its engines. It is they who largely ensure the competitiveness of the aircraft in the market. Fuel consumption depends on them, which for airlines turns into the main economic indicator - the price of a ticket for a passenger. Another important indicator is reliability and time between failures.

The engine is the most science-intensive off-the-shelf component aircraft. It is believed that the creation of a promising turbojet engine takes about 10 years.
The aviation industry of the USSR did not have time to create its own reliable and economical engine. The latest Russian development - PS90A - was distinguished by low reliability (three to four times worse than that of competitors) with comparable fuel consumption.

The engine was developed by Perm Motors. In 1997, it miraculously avoided bankruptcy and sold part of the shares to new investors - the Russian Interros and the American engine manufacturer Pratt & Whitney Corporation. The new investors paid off wage arrears and significantly modernized production. The Americans actively participated in the development of a new engine, but after a loud scandal they left the project, and the engine remained unfinished and unsuitable for modern aircraft.

The PD-14 engine, developed specifically for the MS-21, is still very crude. Certification of the engine is planned only for 2018. But, as you know, the deadlines tend to shift.

At the same time, the Pratt & Whitney PW1000G series of engines from the American manufacturer has been debugged for a long time, it works reliably and economically. Such engines are installed on the main competitors of the MC-21 - Bombardier CSeries, Mitsubishi Regional Jet (MRJ), Embraer E-Jet E2 and Airbus A320neo.

When will the MS-21 fly on Russian engines? No one can answer this question. The question is whether foreign airlines will want to deal with aircraft with such engines at all. Most likely, MS-21 with Russian engines will fly on Russian airlines, and abroad they will have to be completed with imported ones.

What is in my form to you

Compared to its main competitors, the MS-21 has a 10-30 cm larger fuselage diameter. This will increase the distance between the seats and make them more comfortable. The luggage compartments and the capacity of the aircraft as a whole will also increase.
And here electronic systems and avionics in MS-21 are completely imported, from Thales, Honeywell and Rockwell Collins corporations. Is it worth saying that the Russian "import-substituted" avionics is still being designed?

In addition to using imported components, the MS-21 also has its own Russian development. This is a wing that is entirely made of polymer composite materials. For a medium-haul aircraft, this is a truly revolutionary step: previously, carbon fiber was used as a structural material only in wide-body long-haul aircraft such as the Boeing 787 Dreamliner and Airbus A350 XWB.

The peculiarity of composite materials is that the parts made from them match or exceed the strength of traditional ones, which are made from aviation alloys. Such parts are lighter, their use reduces the weight of the aircraft and reduces fuel consumption. Which ultimately directly reduces the ticket price for the passenger and increases the competitiveness of the airline.

The Soviet school of aircraft building had a very large backlog in composite materials. For example, in the An-124 Ruslan, the largest production transport aircraft in the world, landing gear doors, fairings, flap monorail fairings, etc. are made of composite materials. In addition, they are used in the form of reinforcing pads in longitudinal and transverse beams. All this made it possible to reduce the weight of the aircraft by 6 tons.
However, in the case of the MC-21, the lighter composite wing compensates for the weight of the wider fuselage, which will provide a higher level of comfort compared to competitors.

Foggy future

At the start of the MS-21 project, the US and European sanctions against Russia could not have been imagined by the designers even in a nightmare. About 40 key partners are involved in the project. Half are well-known foreign concerns Eaton, Honyewell, Goodrich, Pratt & Whitney, Thales, Meggitt. It is difficult to say how much the designers are provided with imported parts, but it is absolutely certain that in the event of even a small "boost" of sanctions, the MS-21 project simply will not take place. As long as Russia develops and certifies analogues of imported components (which are more reliable and are produced in large quantities), the global aviation industry represented by Boeng, Airbus, Bombardie will again go far ahead.

In addition, China, which previously only copied foreign aircraft, is now actively involved in the air race. The Chinese aircraft Comac C919 was developed by the Commercial Aircraft Corporation of China. The first flight also took place recently - on May 5, 2017. Like the MS-21, its engines are still imported - CFM Leap 1C. But the C919 is valued at $50 million, half the cost of similar Boeing and Airbus. The Russian MS-21 will presumably cost $72-85 million, which means it is already losing to the Chinese. At the moment, a pre-order for 517 Comac C919 aircraft from 21 companies has already been received.

Both Russia and China are oriented towards the same export markets - they want to become the third player after Boeing and Airbus in developing countries through political agreements and state support for sales. At the same time, China has much more political weight and money, not to mention the fact that the huge market of both China itself and Asian countries dependent on it is closed to the MS-21.

However, political influence does not guarantee the successful promotion of the product. Suffice it to recall the Russian Sukhoi Superjet 100, with which the Russians wanted to conquer Europe. At the end of 2010, Vladimir Putin even met with Italian Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi on this occasion and stated that "Italy is ready to buy from Russia a fairly large amount of passenger aircraft". But two weeks later, Italy's main air carrier, Alitalia, abandoned the SSJ 100 and preferred the Brazilian Embraer. In 2015, there was an agreement to supply 100 Russian SSJ-100 aircraft to China and Southeast Asia. The total cost of the transaction was estimated at $ 3.6 billion, but the matter did not progress beyond talk.

Of course, Russia can use the scheme of the times of the USSR - to promote civil aircraft to those countries with which there are contracts for the supply of military equipment (there are about a dozen of them). At the stage of creation, the MS-21 had several dozen solid foreign orders. But to date, Egypt and Malaysia have refused firm orders for the “thunderstorm of Boeing and Airbus”.

After the lifting of sanctions on Iran, the need for new aircraft in this country has become simply enormous. The Russians, with their "warm" attitude towards Iran, it would seem, should have been lucky. But the European Airbus arrived first and American Boeing, from which Iran has already ordered hundreds of modern aircraft.

Despite the intentions of the creators of MC-21 to seriously oust competitors in the international arena, firm contacts have been concluded only with Russian leasing companies. All other clients so far are limited, in fact, to promising nothing "memorandums of intent" and "memorandums of understanding."

The start of mass production of the "Russian Dreamliner" is expected in 2018. It is enough to recall that the first work on the aircraft began back in 1993 to clearly see the size of the abyss into which the Russian aviation industry collapsed after the collapse of the USSR.

Significantly behind the leading aviation countries of the world. A new impetus to the revival of domestic aviation science can only be given by new projects, the urgent need for which is already felt by the country and for the implementation of which all the scientific and industrial potential available today in Russia can be involved. One of the promising projects is the MS-21 aircraft, the characteristics of which are superior to known analogues.

Perspective state program

The Russian leadership has identified strategic priorities in the field of domestic civil aircraft construction. These include the MS-21 mainline aircraft, which is designed to carry from 150 to 210 passengers. It will be produced in three modifications: with a passenger capacity of 150, 181 and 212 seats.

In fact, MS-21 has become a program for the revival of Russian aviation science. According to Oleg Demchenko, CEO of the Irkut Corporation, which is the lead company in the project, the MS-21 passenger aircraft received government support and is a key one for both OAK and Russia. Presumably, short-range and medium-range airliners will go into serial production under the name Yak-242.

Goals and objectives

The new Russian aircraft MS-21 is being developed to replace obsolete Russian aircraft of the foreign class Boeing-737, A320 and others. Over $3 billion has been allocated by the government to support the project. The design will also use foreign components, including a power plant, a number of components and assemblies. The beginning of its deliveries on the main aircraft planned for 2016-2017.

Today, in the world market in terms of civil aircraft construction, Russia's share is only 1-3%. The government has set a task to increase this share to 5% in 2015, and to 10% by 2025. In solving such an ambitious task, which actually means Russia's return to the global market for commercial aircraft, the MS-21 aircraft is called upon to play an important role.

Characteristics

Three main modifications are being developed, which will differ mainly in the number of seats (and, accordingly, in size) and power plants (to choose from: the Permian PD14 or the American Pratt & Whitney of the PW family). The older model MS-21-400 will receive a different power structure of the wing, which can lead to a noticeable rise in price.

Business plan

The MC-21 aircraft, whose characteristics will correspond to the best analogues and even exceed them, by its dimensions falls into that class of narrow-body long-haul aircraft with one aisle between the rows of seats, which occupies 56% of the world civil aviation market. The competition in this niche is very tough. A project implemented by the Irkut Corporation and the OKB im. Yakovlev, with the wide involvement of domestic companies, it is planned to make it highly competitive.

The optimism of the creators is based on the fact that the production of the model will be carried out using completely new technologies and structural materials. Also, the emphasis is on the design of the MS-21 - the photo of the aircraft attracts attention with its smooth lines, elegant shape and modern finish.

According to calculations, the sales volume of the MC-21 aircraft family in all markets will exceed 700 units. Under favorable conditions, the total output of aircraft of this type will exceed 1,000 units, and the annual output may reach 90-100 aircraft. It is assumed that the production model will be one third cheaper than analogues, fuel efficiency will improve by 15%. And the MS-21 aircraft will lead in the lead: the characteristics will surpass foreign competitors of this class by 5-7%.

Marketing

The United Aircraft Corporation is actively working on marketing issues. A number of foreign partners have been invited to implement this ambitious project. At the last Paris International Air Show in Le Bourget at the OAK booth central location occupied models of the MS-21 family. Photos of the aircraft were published by the world's leading publications as an example of a modern, comfortable and aesthetically attractive airliner. At the MAKS show, the MS-21 program attracted increased attention from specialists and leading companies planning to take part in its implementation.

Project Benefits

• MS-21 is a new family of medium-haul aircraft for the Russian and world markets.
• A new level of efficiency and comfort in the single-aisle class.
• Advanced technologies from the fields of aerodynamics, materials, propulsion and avionics are created by an international team of leading companies.
• Managed by the program: from aircraft development and production to marketing and sales.
• After-sales service is organized.

Production technology

The MS-21 mainline aircraft is being developed by the Irkut Corporation plant (Irkutsk). The workshops are equipped with modern equipment. The enterprise has mastered the key technologies and competencies of MS-21 production. Durr Systems will be used as an automated final assembly line. 13 assembly stations have already been put into operation. Serial technologies are used in the production of prototype aircraft. Key competencies:

• Production of pipelines.
• Door manufacturing.
• Manufacture of fuselage panels and other components.

A set of technical facilities for crew training has been developed. It includes computer labs and simulators (full flight, procedural, full line of emergency and rescue training simulators, as well as a maintenance procedures simulator).

Conclusion

According to government plans, it should take to the skies in 2016. By 2017-2018, aircraft manufacturers are planning to launch serial production of all modifications. MS-21 (in the Yak-242 series) should be a breakthrough project designed to take the Russian aircraft industry to new heights.

Russian aircraft manufacturers have a unique opportunity with the help of MS-21 occupy a commercial niche in which the latest liners operate today Boeing-737MAX And Airbus A320 Neo. In this class, the domestic machine has a large fuselage width and a highly aerodynamic wing, which allows it to compete with foreign analogues throughout the geography of the planet.

History of creation

Our air carriers entered the new 21st century with technically and morally obsolete Tu-134, Tu-154 And Yak-42, the serial production of which has already been completed. required new airliner and if on domestic regional airlines this niche is able to occupy today SSI-100, then a domestic aircraft can successfully fit into the sector where modern Boeing and Airbus operate MS-21.

The development of a new project was started jointly by OKB im. Yakovlev and the company "Aviation Complex named after. S.V. Ilyushin”, but in 2008 the “Ilyushins” refused to participate in the project. Continued development of OKB them. Yakovlev and the corporation "Irkut" with an aircraft plant in the city of Irkutsk.

In the fall of 2010, testing of air intakes for the MS-21 power plant was completed and safety recommendations were developed for installing engines. In June 2012, the American company Pratt & Whitney and Irkut Corporation signed a contract for the supply of PW1400G engines, and in October of the same year, a variant was proposed for Russian government customers MS-21 with domestic PD-14 engines.

Back in early 2011, we decided to start assembling the model MS-21 for 180 passenger seats. In February 2014, at the plant in the city of Irkutsk, they began to manufacture a prototype aircraft, in the summer of the same year, the model MS-21 life-size finished testing at TsAGI.

Some design features

By aerodynamic scheme MS-21 is a cantilever swept-wing monoplane low location, with engines pushed forward on underwing pylons and traditional tail.

The airframe of the airliner is made of the latest alloys and composite materials, which will allow operators to reduce fuel and maintenance costs. Wing box MS-21 made of carbon fiber by vacuum infusion and has a black color, it is called so - "black wing".

MS-21 will be equipped with a power plant of American-made PW1400G engines or, at the request of the customer, with domestic PD-14 engines. Both types of engine belong to the fifth generation, comply with all protection regulations environment, and their noise level is much lower than required by the ICAO scale.

The tricycle landing gear of the airliner, retractable in flight, with shock-absorbing struts will be produced at the Gidromash plant in Nizhny Novgorod, which won the tender for the manufacture of this unit.

Passenger compartment width MS-21 more by 11–36 cm than in the same salons Boeing 737 And Airbus-320, which creates comfortable conditions for the passenger and reduces fatigue from a five-hour flight. Standard aisle between seats on an airplane MS-21 is 56.25 cm, where two people calmly disperse and the stewardess freely carries a service trolley during service.

Enough light enters the passenger compartment through the wide portholes of the airliner, it is possible to create lighting according to the mood of each passenger using LEDs with a wide color spectrum. The spacious cabin maintains a natural microclimate thanks to an excellent air conditioning system, and the soundproofing panels and the low noise level of the engines themselves allow you to comfortably and calmly endure the flight.

crew cabin MS-21 meets all modern requirements for ergonomics and safety. The fly-by-wire control system using side joysticks allows pilots to freely change the position of the aircraft in space and, when flight limits are reached, warns pilots with a high-frequency vibration that occurs on the joystick. Automatic control is maintained until it touches the strip, which corresponds to the ICAO category IIIB.

The glass cockpit concept provides good visual information with wide format color LCD displays, as well as projecting flight information onto the windshield, which allows you to operate effectively in poor visibility in adverse weather conditions.

Flight data

• Crew - 2 people
• Cruise speed - 850 km / h
• Ceiling - 12500 m
• Range - 5500 km
• Aircraft length - from 35.9 m to 46.7 m (depending on modification)
• Aircraft height - 11.5 m
• Wingspan - 35.9 m
• Maximum takeoff weight- from 67.6 tons to 87.2 tons (depending on modification)
• Engines - 2 x PW1400G or 2 x PD-14A
• Takeoff thrust - 2 x 12.7 tf or 2 x 12.5 tf
• Number of passengers - 130–211 (depending on modification)

Advantages of MS-21

1. Busy schedule air traffic in an Aeroport MS-21 can observe without much effort, a wide aisle between the seats and spacious luggage racks will reduce the time of boarding passengers by 30%, which reduces the turnaround time at the airport by 7 minutes.
2. Compared with Boeing-737 And Airbus A320 Russian MS-21 has the largest capacity, exceeding the specified aircraft by 10%, and the weight of the airliner does not increase.
3. The increased comfort of the domestic aircraft is given by the dimensions of the windows, the same as those of aircraft with a wide fuselage, creating excellent natural lighting. The system of smooth pressure regulation contributes to flight safety, making the effect of ear plugging during descent almost imperceptible.
4. On MS-21 implemented control system using a side joystick with feedback, which makes the forces on it proportional to the load on the control planes.

Video: MS-21 from the inside

A new copy of the airliner, ready for flight tests, was solemnly demonstrated on June 8, 2016 in the factory workshop of the Irkut corporation, and in the first months of 2017 it is expected to perform test flights on it.

And also in wide international cooperation.

In 2009, on the basis of the design team of the Experimental Design Bureau. A.S. Yakovlev, a design and engineering division was formed in the corporation - the Engineering Center. A.S. Yakovlev, which provides the development of MS-21. It unites and coordinates the work of scientific and industrial cooperation, which includes the Central Aerohydrodynamic Institute. Professor N.E. Zhukovsky (TsAGI) and leading scientific institutes of Russia; competence centers established within the framework of the United Aviation Corporation (UAC); domestic and foreign engineering companies that create fundamentally new developments for the MS-21.

In a single information space with the Engineering Center, specialists from the branches of the Irkut Corporation in Ulyanovsk and Voronezh are developing the design and systems of the MS-21 aircraft.

A customer-centric approach to product development was introduced in the design of the MC-21. It provides for the involvement of potential customers in the aircraft development process from the earliest stages of the project.

By 2017, the Irkut Corporation signed firm contracts for the supply of 175 MS-21 aircraft. The portfolio of "soft" orders (options and agreements of intent) exceeds 100 aircraft. At the same time, Aeroflot, the start of deliveries is 2018.

The total investment in the program to create the latest MS-21 aircraft in mid-2016 amounted to about 100 billion rubles, of which 80% was money received from the state in the form of various assistance, and 20% - Irkut Corporation.

On May 28, 2017, the new Russian civil airliner MS-21, Deputy Prime Minister Dmitry Rogozin announced this.

The material was prepared on the basis of information from RIA Novosti and open sources

"A huge victory for aircraft manufacturers." The first demonstration of the MS-21 aircraft

© Corporation "Irkut" / President of the MS-21 development company - Irkut Corporation (part of the United aircraft corporation) - Oleg Demchenko, during the presentation of the aircraft, noted that several years ago it was decided to make an aircraft that would take its rightful place in the global aviation market. "We are confident that the MS-21 will be the best in its class," he added.

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Oleg Demchenko, president of the MS-21 developer company, the Irkut Corporation (part of the United Aircraft Corporation), noted during the presentation of the aircraft that a few years ago it was decided to make an aircraft that would take its rightful place in the global aviation market. "We are confident that the MS-21 will be the best in its class," he added.

© RIA Novosti / Sergey Mamontov / Irkut Corporation has already formed a starting portfolio of firm orders for 175 MS-21 aircraft. Advances have been received under firm contracts. The first aircraft operators will be the airlines of the Aeroflot group, which has ordered 50 aircraft. Another customer of the aircraft was Azerbaijan Airlines.

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Irkut Corporation has already formed a starting portfolio of firm orders for 175 MS-21 aircraft. Advances have been received under firm contracts. The first aircraft operators will be the airlines of the Aeroflot group, which has ordered 50 aircraft. Another customer of the aircraft was Azerbaijan Airlines.

© Corporation "Irkut" / Irkut is considering the supply of MS-21 to the national carrier of Tanzania, Air Tanzania. An agreement for the supply of six aircraft with the possible purchase of four more aircraft was signed with Egypt. Interest in the MS-21 was shown by Jordanian air carriers.

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Irkut is considering the supply of MS-21 to the national carrier of Tanzania, Air Tanzania. An agreement for the supply of six aircraft with the possible purchase of four more aircraft was concluded with Egypt. Interest in the MS-21 was shown by Jordanian air carriers.

© RIA Novosti / Alexander Astafiev / “Today we are seeing the MS-21 for the first time, one of the most modern liners in the world, a passenger aircraft of the 21st century. And we are very proud that it was created in our country. This is a huge victory for aircraft manufacturers, a victory for the Irkut corporation, our scientists, designers, our engineers, our workers. Your hands (of course, with some support from the state) create a modern Russian aircraft industry that moves our entire country, our economy forward," Dmitry Medvedev said.