The Republic of Buryatia. What does the emblem and flag of Buryatia look like? State flag of Buryatia

Buryatia is a republic in Eastern Siberia. The region is known for its rich culture and unique nature. All this is reflected in local symbols. What do the coats of arms of its regions look like? What does the coat of arms of Buryatia mean? In this article we will talk about the features of the heraldry of the republic.

A little about Buryatia

The republic is located in the south of the East Siberian region and borders on Mongolia. Inside Russia, it is surrounded by the Irkutsk region, the Trans-Baikal Territory and the Republic of Tyva. Buryatia stretches along the entire eastern shore of Lake Baikal.

About a million people live on the territory of 351,334 km². The region combined Eastern and European traditions, Orthodoxy and Buddhism. The indigenous population of the republic is the Mongolian people, the Buryats. Now they are about 300 thousand people.

The nature of Buryatia is the Siberian taiga, tundra, deserts and mountains. Most of its territory (83%) is occupied by forests inhabited by various fur-bearing animals (squirrels, ermines, sables, foxes), as well as red deer, bears, and musk deer. The local endemic - the Baikal seal - is one of the three species of freshwater seals. And the Borgoisky reserve is considered the largest resting place for migratory birds in Eurasia.

There are more than 300 mineral springs in the region, a huge amount of minerals, such as gold, uranium, coal, lead, molybdenum, jade, phosphorus, apatite, beryllium. There are many lakes and rivers, and the air is the cleanest in Russia.

Description of the coat of arms of Buryatia

The state symbol of the republic was adopted in 1995. The shield of the coat of arms of Buryatia has a traditional shape. Inside it is a blue-white-yellow circle, repeating the colors of the national flag.

The entire main composition is placed within this circle. Inside it, green mountains and blue-white waves of Lake Baikal are depicted on a white background. At the bottom, the circle on the coat of arms of Buryatia is framed by a blue ribbon "khadak". In Buddhism, it is considered a symbol of hospitality and reverence, as well as good wishes.

In the upper part of the circle, going beyond its limits, there is a complex symbol "soyombo". On the coat of arms of Buryatia, it is depicted as a hearth, a yellow circle (sun) below it and an inverted crescent, but in the Buddhist tradition it may contain other elements. "Soyombo" was very popular in medieval Mongolia. The moon and sun in it symbolize the female and male deity, meaning light and eternity. The flame is the prosperity of the people, a symbol of rebirth and procreation.

Coats of arms of districts

There are 287 municipalities in Buryatia. All of them are divided into 21 districts and two cities of republican significance - Severobaikalsk and Ulan-Ude. The latter is the administrative center of the region.

The coats of arms of the districts of the Republic of Buryatia reflected the main features of the regions. They practically do not affect the history of the region, showing mainly the uniqueness of its culture and nature. So, on many official symbols you can see animals typical of Buryatia, images of local landscapes and Mongolian ornaments. Individual regions also display their main economic activity. Let's look at some coats of arms in more detail.

Ulan-Ude

The capital of the republic was previously called Verkhneudinsk. In the 18th century, it was a popular trading center, where fairs were often held. Now this is evidenced by the silver rod of Mercury, crossed on the city emblem with a cornucopia.

The heraldic shield is crowned with a gold crown with four teeth in the form of towers, decorated with traditional Mongolian ornaments. The fifth, central prong is the soyombo sign, the same as on the coat of arms of Buryatia. Under the shield is a blue ribbon of the Order of the Banner of Labor, which was awarded to Ulan-Ude.

Khorinsky district

The coat of arms of the district depicts two large through squares with rounded corners. They are intertwined with each other, forming an eight-pointed figure. One square is bordered by yellow and blue stripes, the other by red and blue stripes. The background of the coat of arms is silver and, together with the ribbons, it refers to the colors of the flag of Buryatia and Russia.

Inside the squares is an azure circle, framed by eleven tent-like teeth and crowned with the soyombo sign. Inside there is a white swan - the mythical protector of the Khori people. She was a heavenly bird girl, whom the leader of the early Mongolian tribe married, founding 11 local clans.

Zakamensky district

The emblem of the district is horizontally divided into two unequal parts. The narrow bottom field is colored yellow. From above it has figured edges in the form of a folk ornament - "meander", symbolizing perpetual motion, as well as national art.

The upper - large - part of the coat of arms is painted azure, meaning kindness and constancy. At the top of this field is the soyombo symbol, and below it are blue-blue crystals indicating the rich tungsten and molybdenum deposits of the Zakamensky region.

The space between the lower soyombo element (i.e. the moon) and the mountains is a white field. Ribbon of a light blue shade (“hadak”), wrapping around all three multi-colored circles in the lower half of the picture on the left, on the right. And at the very bottom in the center, one might say at the foot of the figure, the ribbon is stretched out in the form of an arc, it is the base of the coat of arms. Hadak is one of the most important cult symbols, in which such character traits of peoples professing Buddhism as hospitality, selflessness and compassion have found their embodiment. The two free ends of the ribbon (one on each opposite side) fall symmetrically over the base of the circle.

Until December 31, 1999, the name of the republic was written on the hadak in two fraternal languages - Buryat and Russian.

What is the flag of the Republic of Buryatia?

In the heraldic register of the Russian Federation, the entry under the number 445 on the approval of the flag of the Republic of Buryatia has been located since the end of October 1992.

Outwardly, the flag of Buryatia looks like a rectangle - the length is one third more than the width, i.e. aspect ratio is three to two. Its space is divided into three parts, i.e. longitudinal stripes. The upper part, the widest, is painted blue. It occupies 25 percent of the entire area. Above, on a blue background, about a quarter from the flagpole, is the soyombo, which was already mentioned above in the text.

The middle and bottom stripes are the same size, white and yellow, respectively. Their total width is equal to the width of the upper blue stripe.

What meaning did the authors try to put in when creating the colors of the flag?

Colors for state symbols are not chosen arbitrarily. The situation was the same when the coat of arms and the flag of Buryatia were approved. The authors were guided by the traditions of the Buryats, correlating the blue color with fidelity, territorial integrity; all the peoples that make up the republic are connected with each other in historical and cultural aspects. White color indicates the presence of peace of mind, tranquility, high morality. The yellow color of the Buryats, who are adherents of Lamaism, is associated with spiritual perfection, mercy, as well as the unity of man with the environment.

The presence of blue and white colors on the flag of Buryatia can be regarded as the fact that the republic is an integral part of the vast multinational Russia. At all important events of the republic, the flag of Buryatia is used. A photo of the cloth can be seen in this article.

Source of life on earth

The hearth or fire in the image of soyombo symbolizes a warm home environment, family well-being, light and the revival of vitality. Tongues of flame are the continuity of three generations of people. The golden disk of the Sun is depicted when it comes to wealth. It is the source of life on earth. With the onset of the dark time of the day in the sky, the Sun is replaced by the Moon, which the Buryats and Mongols associate with the sacrament.

The flag of Buryatia is revered and respected by the local population. Children at school are told about state symbols and their meaning.

Flag of the Republic of Buryatia confirmed by the Law of the Republic of Buryatia of July 2, 2007 No. 2324-III "On the State Flag of the Republic of Buryatia" (adopted by the People's Khural of the Republic of Buryatia on June 26, 2007; Decree of the People's Khural of the Republic of Buryatia of June 26, 2007 No. 2325-III "On the Law of the Republic of Buryatia "On the State Flag of the Republic of Buryatia").
The text of the Law describes the flag as follows: "Article 1 The State Flag of the Republic of Buryatia is the official state symbol of the Republic of Buryatia. Article 2 The State Flag of the Republic of Buryatia is a rectangular panel consisting of three horizontally arranged colored stripes: the upper one is blue, making up two quarters of the width , the middle one is white, making up one fourth of the width, and the bottom is yellow, making up one fourth of the width of the flag.In the upper left corner of the blue part of the flag, at a distance of one quarter of the length of the flag from the flagstaff, the traditional symbol of Buryatia (soyombo) is depicted in yellow, representing is an image of the moon, the sun and the hearth in the following sequence: below is the crescent of the moon, above it is the circle of the sun, and above them is the image of the hearth of three flames.
The ratio of the flag's width to its length is 1:2.
The Republic of Buryatia is located in Eastern Siberia, in Transbaikalia. This is the border territory of the Russian Federation: in the south it borders on Mongolia. In the northwest and north of Buryatia is the Irkutsk region; between them is a natural watershed - Lake Baikal. In the east and southeast, Buryatia borders on the Chita region, in the southwest ~ on the Republic of Tyva. The capital is Ulan-Ude, one of the oldest large cities in Siberia (the distance to Moscow is 5532 km). The area of the republic is 351.3 thousand square kilometers.
The legislative body of Buryatia is the People's Khural. Executive power is exercised by the president and the government. The official languages are Russian and Buryat. Traditional religions - Buddhism and Orthodoxy.
Buryatia includes 21 districts, six cities, 29 urban-type settlements, 226 rural administrations. The population is about one million people. Urban residents make up about 60%. The indigenous people are Buryats, Evenks and Soits. In addition to them, Russians, Ukrainians, representatives of other peoples of Russia live in Buryatia.
The climate of Buryatia is sharply continental, with cold winters and hot summers. Dense forests, high mountain ranges, wide steppes, mountain valleys with colorful herbs - such is the beautiful and unique landscape of the region.
Lake Baikal is the world's largest source of drinking water. Many rivers and small rivers flow into it; the largest of them are Selenga, Barguzin, Upper Angara.
The large river Vitim, a tributary of the Lena, flows through the eastern part of Buryatia. On the territory of the republic there are over 260 healing mineral springs and sources of thermal (hot) waters. The bowels of this land are very rich in minerals (uranium, tungsten, molybdenum, hard and brown coal, iron ores, etc.).
Buryatia voluntarily entered the centralized Russian state in the 17th century, under Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich. This land far from Europe was discovered by Russian explorers, explorers of Siberia and the Far East. The first settlers mastered the original Buryat crafts, brought here the traditions of Christian culture, agriculture, and construction.
In 1923, the Buryat-Mongolian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic was formed. In 1958, the republic became known as the Buryat ASSR. Since 1992 - the Republic of Buryatia.
Fur trade traditionally develops in these places, as the forests of Buryatia are rich in animals. Along with animal husbandry (cattle, sheep, goats), fur farming has been established. Cereals are grown, mainly wheat.
Of the branches of light industry, knitwear and food are the most developed. Heavy industry is represented by such industries as forestry and woodworking, mining, mechanical engineering and metalworking, electrical engineering, and instrument making.
The development of education, science and culture can be considered an achievement of the Soviet period in the history of the republic. The Buryat Scientific Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences with branch research departments was opened here; There are four higher educational institutions, more than 20 technical schools and special secondary educational institutions.
Natural reserves - Zabaikalsky National Park, Barguzinsky Reserve and others - are carefully protected in the republic. There are three resorts of all-Russian importance: Arshan, Sayany and Goryachinsk.

Description

The flag of Buryatia is a striped panel depicting the traditional soyombo symbol. The horizontal stripes of the flag are arranged in the following order from top to bottom: blue (1/2 the width of the flag), white and yellow (1/4 the width of the flag each). The national symbol of Buryatia of yellow color is depicted in the upper left corner of the flag on a blue background near the flagpole - this is a figure of three elements: a crescent, a solar disk and a hearth with flames.

Symbolism

The blue flower is national for Buryatia - it symbolizes the cultural and historical richness of the region and its population, loyalty to traditions and the inviolability of family ties. The white stripe represents calmness, peace, prosperity; yellow is associated with gold and in the traditional heraldic system means spirituality, wealth and mercy. In Buryatia, yellow is also a symbol of Buddhism, which is practiced by a significant part of the population of the Republic. The soyombo symbol is deeply symbolic, its elements combine images of life, warmth and hearth, purity of abundance. The flames of the hearth represent the past, present and future, which are in constant continuous connection.

Story

The first flag of Buryatia was adopted in 1992, the modern flag of the region was approved in 2007.

Appeared in 1992, shortly after the collapse of the Soviet Union. It occupies an area of almost 350 thousand square kilometers. Not everyone knows what the emblem and flag of Buryatia look like, this article is about that.

Indigenous nationality (Buryats) makes up about a quarter of the entire almost one million population of the republic. According to statistics, more than half of the citizens are Russians, less than ten percent are representatives of other nationalities. The administrative center of Buryatia, which is the city of Ulan-Ude, and the capital of the Russian Federation are separated by 4.5 thousand km. The flag of Buryatia was officially approved recently.

Description of the coat of arms of the Republic of Buryatia

Literally from the first day of 2000, following the heraldic tradition, they gave the appearance of a shield. In the middle of its field is a large circle, which is divided into three circles. The outer figure is a broad blue outline, the inner figure is yellow, and the central figure is white. The coat of arms is revered in the same way as the flag of the republic. Buryatia is a beautiful place, so many tourists strive to get here.

In the upper half of the blue-white-yellow circle sparkles gold, the so-called soyombo, which includes a symbolic image of three elements: above - the hearth, below it - the Sun, even lower - an inverted crescent moon (convex side down). The lower segment is occupied by Lake Baikal in the form of alternating white and blue horizontal undulating stripes. Above them rise the silhouettes of mountains, painted in green. There are really mountains in the landscape of the republic.