Tasks for elementary level. Language level. Levels of knowledge of English, Russian: tests

• Order of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation of April 1, 2014 N 255 "On approval of the levels of proficiency in Russian as a foreign language and requirements for them"
• Application. Levels of proficiency in Russian as a foreign language and requirements for them

Order of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation of April 1, 2014 N 255
"On the approval of the levels of proficiency in Russian as a foreign language and the requirements for them"

In accordance with paragraph ten of clause 10 of the Regulations on the procedure for considering citizenship issues Russian Federation, approved by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of November 14, 2002 N 1325 (Collected Legislation of the Russian Federation, 2002, N 46, Art. 4571; 2004, N 1, Art. 16; 2006, N 45, Art. 4670; 2007, N 31, item 4020; 2008, N 29, item 3476; 2009, N 34, item 4170; N 43, item 5049; 2011, N 43, item 6025; 2012, N 23, item 2991; N 38, item 5074; N 50, item 7016; N 53, item 7869; 2013, N 52, item 7146), I order:

1. Approve the levels of proficiency in Russian as a foreign language and the requirements for them in accordance with the annex to this order.

2. Recognize invalid the order of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation of October 28, 2009 N 463 "On approval of federal state requirements for Russian as a foreign language" (registered by the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation on December 14, 2009, registration N 15585).

Application

Levels of proficiency in Russian as a foreign language and requirements for them

1. This order establishes the following levels of proficiency in Russian as a foreign language, which determine the degree of formation of communicative competence in Russian as a foreign language by foreign citizens and stateless persons (hereinafter referred to as foreign citizens):

elementary (TEU/A1);

basic for migrant workers (TBUM/A1);

basic (TBU/A2);

the first one (TORKI-1/V1);

the second one (TORKI-II/B2);

third (TORKI-III/C1);

fourth (TPKI-IV/C2).

2. The following requirements are established for the elementary level (TEU/A1) of foreign citizens' proficiency in Russian as a foreign language.

2.2. Be able to write a text about yourself, friends, family, working day, your free time (at least 7 phrases on the proposed questions).

2.3. Be able to understand the basic information (theme, main content and communicative intentions) of short dialogues and monologues in situations of everyday communication.

2.4. To be able to participate in dialogues in a situation of everyday everyday communication, to be able to maintain a conversation, in particular, about oneself, friends, family, working day, free time.

2.5. Use grammatical and lexical skills of framing statements in accordance with intentions in a limited set of everyday situations.

The volume of the lexical minimum should be up to 780 units.

3. The following requirements are established for the basic level for migrant workers (TBUM/A1) of foreign citizens' proficiency in Russian as a foreign language.

3.2. To be able to build, on the basis of a read or listened text, a written monologue statement with production elements in accordance with the communicative setting or the questions posed (for example, a presentation with elements of an essay, a presentation with a creative task).

3.3. Understand by ear the basic information (that is, the main content, communicative intentions) contained in brief monologues and dialogues of a social and everyday nature.

3.4. To be able to independently create coherent, logical statements in accordance with the communicative setting; understand the content of the interlocutor's statements, determine his communicative intentions in a limited set of everyday situations.

3.5. Use grammatical and lexical skills of making statements about your intentions in a limited set of everyday situations.

The volume of the lexical minimum should be up to 850 units.

4. The following requirements are established for the basic level (TBU/A2) of foreign citizens' proficiency in Russian as a foreign language.

4.1. Be able to read short texts taken from various sources (magazines, newspapers, signs, inscriptions, signs, announcements), understand the main and Additional information adapted texts of regional studies, informational and social character.

4.2. Be able to write a short letter, note, congratulations, etc., state the main content of the source text (at least 15 phrases on the proposed questions).

4.3. Understand the basic information (in particular, the topic, indication of place, time, reason) presented in individual dialogues and monologues of a social, social and cultural nature.

4.4. Be able to initiate a dialogue in everyday situations, keep up a conversation, in particular, about yourself, friends, family, study, work, learning a foreign language, working day, free time, hometown, health, weather, and build your own statement based on the text you read.

4.5. Use grammatical and lexical skills of framing statements in accordance with intentions in a limited set of social situations.

The volume of the lexical minimum should be up to 1300 units.

5. The following requirements are set for the first level (TORFL-1/B1) of a foreign citizen's knowledge of Russian as a foreign language.

5.2. Be able to write a text of at least 20 sentences within the situational-thematic minimum, be able to convey in writing the main content of the read or listened text of an informational-journalistic, socio-cultural or social-everyday nature.

5.3. Understand dialogues in written and oral speech, be able to extract factual information (theme, time, characteristics of objects, goals, reasons) and express one's attitude to the statements and actions of the speakers, understand announcements, news, socio-cultural information recorded on audio media.

5.4. Be able to participate in dialogues in a wide range of situations of everyday communication, be able to start, maintain and end a dialogue, conduct a conversation on various topics (in particular, about yourself, work, profession, interests, country, city, cultural issues), formulate your own statement based on read text of a socio-cultural nature.

5.5. Use the grammatical and lexical skills of framing statements in accordance with the intentions that arise in communication situations within the situational-thematic minimum.

The volume of the lexical minimum should be up to 2300 units.

6. The following requirements are set for the second level (TORFL-II/B2) of a foreign citizen's knowledge of Russian as a foreign language.

6.2. Be able to write plans, theses, summaries based on what they heard and read, write their own written texts of an informative nature in the form of a personal or official business letter, as well as texts of a business nature, including statements, requests, explanatory notes.

6.4. To be able to maintain a dialogue, implementing the proposed tactics of verbal communication: to initiate a dialogue-questioning, to talk about what they saw, to express their own opinion and evaluate what they saw, to analyze the problem in a situation of free conversation.

6.5. To be able to perceive and use the lexical and grammatical means of the language, ensuring the correct linguistic design of statements.

The volume of the lexical minimum should be up to 10,000 units, including up to 6,000 units in the active part of the dictionary.

7. The following requirements are established for the third level (TORFL-III/C1) of a foreign citizen's knowledge of Russian as a foreign language.

7.1. Understand and be able to interpret texts related to socio-cultural (with a fairly high level of known information content) and official business (represented by texts of regulatory legal acts, official messages) spheres of communication, as well as read and understand works of fiction in Russian.

7.2. Be able to write an abstract, a formal and/or informal letter, a message based on what has been heard and read, demonstrating the ability to analyze and evaluate the information provided, as well as be able to write an essay, article or essay on a free or proposed topic.

7.3. Fully understand the content of the audio text, demonstrate the ability to evaluate what is heard, including radio and television programs, films, recordings of public speeches, and assess the speaker's attitude to the subject of speech.

7.4. To act as the initiator of a dialogue-conversation, to be able to maintain a dialogue using a variety of linguistic means: to build a monologue-reasoning on moral and ethical topics, in a situation of free conversation to defend and argue one's own opinion.

7.5. To be able to demonstrate full knowledge of the language system and fluency in the means of expressiveness of the language, including stylistic and emotionally expressive, necessary for adequate perception and expression of various communicative intentions.

The volume of the lexical minimum should be up to 12,000 units, including up to 7,000 units in the active part of the dictionary.

8. The following requirements are set for the fourth level (TPKI-IV/C2) of a foreign citizen's knowledge of Russian as a foreign language.

8.1. Understand and be able to interpret non-adapted texts on any subject (including abstract-philosophical, professional orientation, journalistic and artistic, as well as texts with subtextual and conceptual meanings).

8.2. Be fluent in written form of speech, be able to write detailed texts in all the variety of genre and stylistic characteristics.

8.3. To fully understand the content, in particular, of radio and television programs, films, television plays, plays, recordings of public speaking, freely perceiving the socio-cultural and emotional features of the speech of the speakers, interpreting phraseological units, famous sayings and hidden meanings.

8.4. To be able to achieve the goals of communication in situations of prepared and unprepared monologue and dialogic communication, including public, demonstrating various tactics of speech behavior.

8.5. To be able to demonstrate complete knowledge of the language system and fluency in the means of expressiveness of the language in all the variety of lexical-grammatical, stylistic, synonymous and structural relations.

The volume of the lexical minimum should be up to 20,000 units, including up to 8,000 units in the active part of the dictionary.

Please, tell us about international exams in Russian. I know that there are exams that are developed by the Pushkin Institute, and there is a State exam in the Russian language (who are its founders and developers). How do they relate to each other? Are they recognized equally? What is the division into levels and are there features in the formats? (Like, for example, there are IELTS and the Cambridge English series exams, both of which are international, but the audience and formats are different).
- The Pushkin Institute is developing a STATE exam in the Russian language.
Also, Russian as a foreign language programs and tests are created by a team of teachers from the Faculty of Philology and the Institute of the Russian Language and Culture of Moscow State University named after M. V. Lomonosov.

Levels of proficiency in Russian as a foreign language:
. Elementary level (A1)
. Prethreshold (baseline) level (A2)
. threshold level(first certification) (B1)
. Post-threshold level (second certification) (B2)
. Competence level (third certification) (C1)
. Native speaker level (fourth certification level) (C2)

You can download sample tests for all levels for free here:
1) Publishing house "Zlatoust": http://www.zlat.spb.ru/catalog5_12.html
2) Pushkin State Russian Language Institute: http://www.pushkin.institute/Certificates/CCT/tests-online.php

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• Most of the learning systems, as well as their corresponding manuals and textbooks, divide the presentation of information into fractions that correlate the levels of knowledge of the language. The lexical section contains those phrases and idioms that will complement the already existing set. The same applies to the constitution of sentences and specific constructions. Accompanying materials are also often adapted for certain levels of language proficiency. This assumes that information related to the previous level will be acquired in a free order. And as you know, the easiest way to disassemble unfamiliar constructions is through authentic texts, audio and video.

  self study

  Determining the level of the language on your own is a very real task. There is, however, a small paradox. The fruit is always sweet, and therefore many, having made a linguistic breakthrough and tasted the first significant results, believe that they have reached a sufficient height for fluency and stop developing. However, this is an illusion. On the one hand, overcoming the language barrier is certainly a success, on the other hand, this apparent height turns out to be, as a rule, only the Elementary level. To deepen the level of the language on your own, requires a lot of persistence.

  
  

  Courses

  Is there a need for language courses? Specialized courses have an advantage over independent study in at least two aspects.

  First, the information is divided into blocks. Since specialists are in charge of this distribution, lesson plans are designed taking into account the most effective and quick perception by the student of the constitution of an unfamiliar language, lexical and semantic content. The corresponding language level is presented in an adapted, standardized manner.

  Secondly, a teacher with extensive knowledge is able to provide background completeness as well as contextual correctness.

  Nevertheless, self-study for some is more acceptable than courses, even if we are talking about the basic level of the language. Due to individual characteristics, such as motivation, predisposition, personal interests and previous experience, each person assimilates information unevenly. Someone needs more time to fix a certain topic, someone needs less, while teaching foreign languages ​​in groups and with a teacher does not always support the pace of passage necessary for a particular student and does not always fall into his circle of interests. This is often exacerbated by the negative experience of failure in the pursuit of a certain level of language.

  
  

  Grading systems

  There are several scales for assessing the student's ability to perceive foreign language authentic material and participate in communication. Until recently (until the late 90s - early 2000s), the international gradation of degrees of language acquisition from Beginner to Proficient was widespread, which included a total of seven sublevels - initial, basic, pre-threshold, threshold, improved threshold, advanced and advanced. Specifically, in Russia, in the columns where it is required (or desirable) to indicate foreign language, in most cases there is a simplified approach - you can choose the initial, colloquial or fluent. There is also an evaluation system that determines the levels of English, divided into six levels, which are indicated by numbers from 0 to 5, where 0 represents the most starting level. The distribution of six positions is characteristic of another pan-European concept.

  Compliance with the common European assessment system

  In fact, for quite some time European Union cooked new system, which was previously declared as universal for the classification of absolutely any language that is non-native. That is, it describes the levels of the Russian language with the same success. In 1996, the result of their work, CEFR (Common European Framework of Reference), was presented to the public. The gradation includes three main ranks corresponding to elementary (A), independent (B) and free (C) possession, each of which is divided into two sub-ranks: initial (A1) and pre-threshold (A2), threshold itself (B1) and advanced threshold (B2), professional level of the language (C1) and fluency (C2), respectively.

  
  

  Common European Grading System

  To date, the CEFR system, which literally stands for "common European cross-standards", is gradually taking the main position in the need to identify levels of language proficiency. She distributes the skills and abilities of the student into six categories, each of which has five directions-attributes related, respectively, to one of the specific areas of human life. Namely: generalized attributes, communicative and tourist, necessary for study and necessary for work, professional activity. Within each attribute, the following gradation of knowledge and skills occurs:

  • A1 - initial, allowing to recognize and reproduce individual elements of speech and writing;
  • A2 - basic, allowing you to navigate the situation and somehow influence it;
  • B1 - quite confident, allowing without hesitation to understand the interlocutor or written speech and express the main thoughts, but limited in diversity regarding the structure, semantic range and adequate behavior in delicate situations;
  • B2 - very confident, allowing you to navigate in the context, clearly and quite diversely formulate your thoughts, understand in detail a significant part of the text being read and the message being listened to without significant outside help, and enrich communication with emotional nuances;
  • C1 - fluent, allowing you to effectively and fluently use the language for argumentation, discussion, persuasion and understanding the point of view expressed in the text or expressed by the interlocutor, as well as adequately respond in most situations of an official and unofficial plan, show delicacy, consistent politeness, resolve awkward moments and successfully communicate with native speakers, including the ability to reliably express their emotions and correctly interpret others;
  • C2 - almost absolute, allowing you to use the language almost on the same level with its native speakers.

  
  

  Generalized Attribute

  Indicates the levels of English (and any other) for conducting personal correspondence, establishing personal contacts, expressing one's own opinion and perceiving someone else's. This category includes everyday situations, interpersonal relationships and informal communication.

  Social and tourist attributes

  Shows the ability to effectively use the infrastructure - for short trips or when arranging housing in a foreign country. In other words, these are different ways of contact of a person with the community in which he is located - with government bodies, healthcare institutions, road services, shopping malls, places of recreation and common use and means of distribution mass media such as newspapers, magazines and television broadcasts.

  
  

  Educational attributes

  Describes the study area of ​​the student, provided that he is studying in a foreign institution, where the teaching of subjects is conducted in the target language without adaptation for foreign students. This includes contact with teachers, understanding the essence of the issue discussed in the lesson, performing the actions necessary for successful completion of training, such as taking notes, doing class and homework, as well as many other nuances associated with obtaining education.

  Working attribute

  It indicates the ability to engage in professional activities within a foreign-speaking country. This refers to both a specific profile and any business activity: contacts with clients, representatives of other companies, logistics and communication with colleagues.

  Exams

  The University of Cambridge has developed testing and certification systems for any of these six categories. For the letter "A", denoting the initial level of the language, the KET test and KET for Schools. For those marked "B", these are PET, PET for Schools, BEC-P, FCE and BEC-V. For advanced learners who have reached "C", these are CAE, BEC-H and CPE.

  Possibilities

  Most educational institutions that work with foreign citizens accept only students with a sufficient knowledge base and certain communication skills. Permissible levels of knowledge of the language - from B1 (Intermediate, or "2"). Therefore, if you decide to enter, for example, a foreign university, then first make sure that you can successfully pass the appropriate test. Sometimes, even with a decent level of proficiency, it is required additional training aimed at mastering the vocabulary and sentence structures used in the test, with which the applicant for qualification is supposed to be familiarized.

  
  

  There is also a tendency among employers to include this column in their questionnaires. In any case, the presence of information about the level of language proficiency in the resume is always expected (at least when you apply for a position in a company associated with international contacts).

  Russian language test for foreign citizens was developed by the following higher educational institutions in Russia:

  Moscow State University them. M.V. Lomonosov

  Peoples' Friendship University of Russia

  Saint Petersburg State University

  State Institute of the Russian Language. A.S. Pushkin

  The test provides for 6 LEVELS of knowledge of the Russian language:

  • Elementary
  • Base
  • First certification level
  • Second certification level
  • Third certification level
  • Fourth certification level

  Elementary level test

  It is necessary for further study of the Russian language, corresponds to the knowledge gained in secondary school, where Russian was studied as a foreign language.

  • An elementary level certificate indicates that you have enough skills for everyday simple communication.
  • Minimum words - 780
  • Listening (listening) speed -30 words per minute
  • You understand and can use familiar phrases and expressions in speech that are necessary to express simple thoughts. You can introduce yourself, introduce others, ask/answer questions about where you live, about your acquaintances and your studies. You can participate in a simple conversation if the interlocutor speaks slowly and clearly.

  Basic level test

  Required when obtaining a residence permit, citizenship of the Russian Federation or a job in Russia.

  • A basic level certificate indicates that you have enough skills to communicate in everyday, general cultural and educational areas.
  • Minimum words - 1300
  • You understand individual sentences and common expressions on topics: about yourself, family, work, shopping, getting a job. You can participate in a dialogue on familiar or everyday topics.

  First certification level test

  Required for admission to higher educational institutions in Russia.

  • A Level 1 certificate indicates that you have sufficient skills to meet the basic needs of communicating with native Russian speakers.
  • Minimum words - 2300
  • Listening (listening) speed -50-60 words per minute
  • Detailed reading speed - 50 words per minute
  • You understand the main ideas of clear messages delivered at an average pace by a native speaker on topics: study, work, leisure. You are able to communicate in most situations that arise in the country of the language being studied. You can compose a coherent message, describe impressions, events, plans for the future.

  Second certification level test

  Required to obtain a bachelor's or master's degree from a Russian higher educational institution with the exception of a bachelor's or master's degree in philology, for admission to the master's program of a Russian higher educational institution.

  • The second level certificate testifies to the ability to communicate in a wide range of situations in the cultural, educational and professional fields; allows you to conduct professional activities in Russian in the system of coursework, as a specialist in the humanities (with the exception of philology), engineering, technical, natural science profiles.
  • Minimum words - 6000
  • you understand general content texts on various topics, including specialty. You can easily communicate with native speakers. Speak reasonably quickly, at an average pace of a native speaker, and spontaneously. You can state your view on the problem, show the advantages and disadvantages of different opinions.

  Third certification level test

  Required to obtain a bachelor's, specialist's, master's and candidate of sciences diploma in the following specialties, with the exception of specialists, masters and candidates of sciences in philology, for which this exam is an intermediate one.

  • The third level certificate allows you to communicate freely in all areas; conduct professional activities in Russian as a specialist philologist, translator, editor, journalist, diplomat, manager.
  • The minimum number of words is 7500.
  • The pace of listening, reading, speaking is natural for the inhabitants of Russia.
  • You understand voluminous, complex texts of various subjects, recognize their meaning at the level of meaning. Speak spontaneously, at a fast pace. Do not experience difficulties with the choice of language and speech means. Flexibly and effectively use the language to communicate in scientific and professional activities. You can create an accurate, detailed message on any topic, demonstrating mastery of text organization models and the means of connecting its elements.

  Fourth certification level test

  It is necessary to obtain a diploma of a specialist and a master's degree in philology-Russian studies, a candidate of philological sciences, as well as a candidate of pedagogical sciences in the specialty "Methods of teaching Russian as a foreign language", gives the right to all types of teaching and research activities in the field of the Russian language.

  • Evidence of fluency in Russian. The level of language proficiency is perfect.
  • The minimum number of words is 20,000.
  • You understand any oral or written message in terms of content, you can compose a coherent text based on one or more oral and written sources. Speak spontaneously, with a high tempo and a high degree of precision, emphasizing nuances of meaning even in the most difficult cases.

  elementary level	Successful surrender A test of this level testifies to the minimum level of communicative competence that satisfies elementary communicative needs in a limited number of situations of everyday communication.
  A basic level of	Successful completion of this test indicates entry level communicative competence that satisfies communicative needs in the social and social and cultural spheres of communication.
  First level	Successful passing of a test of this level indicates an average level of communicative competence that satisfies communicative needs in the social, cultural, educational and professional spheres of communication in accordance with State standard Russian as a foreign language. The presence of this certificate is necessary for admission to universities and for conducting professional activities in Russia.
  Second level	Successful passing of a test of this level indicates a sufficiently high level of communicative competence that satisfies communicative needs in a fairly wide range of situations in the cultural, educational and professional fields of activity.
  Third level	Passing a test of this level indicates a high level of communicative competence, which allows you to communicate freely in all areas of communication, engage in research activities in Russian and teach in Russian language courses initial stage learning.
  Fourth level	Successful completion of the test at this level indicates fluency in Russian, close to the level of a native speaker.

  TESTING OF FOREIGN CITIZENS IN RUSSIAN AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE

  Entrance testing	The TORFL-I test is passed by applicants for professional higher education programs at VSUES.
  Final testing	The TORFL-2 test is passed by persons receiving bachelor's, specialist's, master's degrees, as well as candidates of sciences in the humanities (with the exception of philologists, translators, editors, journalists, diplomats, managers who conduct their professional activities in a Russian-speaking team), engineering and technical, natural science profiles. The TORFL-3 test is passed by persons receiving bachelor's degrees in philology, as well as bachelor's, specialist's, master's, and candidate of science degrees in the humanities in the following specialties: translator, editor, journalist, diplomat, manager, who conducts his professional activities in Russian-speaking team. The TORFL-4 test is passed by persons receiving a master's degree in philology, as well as a diploma of a candidate of philological sciences.
  Note:	Persons who speak Russian at a sufficiently high level can pass entrance testing under the TORFL-2,3,4 programs. If they successfully pass the test, they can be exempted from practical Russian language classes. In this case, the entrance test is counted as the final one.

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