The unique estate of Khrapovitsky in Muromtsevo. Khrapovitsky Castle. Muromtsevo, Khrapovitsky castle. Sights of the Vladimir region

How to get to the Khrapovitsky estate?

Address: Vladimir region, Muromtsevo village, Yamskaya st., 9.

By public transport, you first need to get to Sudogda, buses run here regularly from different cities. Further directly from the bus station by minibus, bus or taxi to the village of Muromtsevo. The brave can go on foot - this is about 3.5 km.

The estate is located 95 km from, so you can easily combine visiting these places.

How to get to the Khrapovitsky estate?

The territory is quite large. You can get there from the side of the forest technical school or from the side of the household yard. It is worth allocating a couple of hours to inspect all the preserved objects.

You can wander around the territory on your own and for free, but…

Firstly, you will not be able to approach the palace, for which, as a rule, everyone comes here. To date, the palace is under the jurisdiction of the Vladimir-Suzdal Museum-Reserve, surrounded by a fence, guarded, and tourists are allowed to enter the territory only as part of an excursion group.

Secondly, you deprive yourself of the pleasure of listening to interesting story about the sad fate of this architectural and park complex and its former owners. We will have, as usual, to collect information bit by bit on the Internet.

Therefore, my advice, do not regret 300 rubles for a ticket, but excursion service included in this price. We liked it - everything is on the case, unobtrusive and informative.

Ticket prices and tour times

If you came to Muromtsevo by car, you can leave it on free parking near the barnyard.

The first architectural object of the estate, which you will get acquainted with, is the ticket office. The cash desk is located in the tower of the barnyard (I would never have believed that cattle were kept in such mansions). This is where the tours start.

Here, in addition to tickets, you can buy various souvenirs, as well as booklets with information about the estate, books, postcards, etc.

Excursion plan in the Muromtsevo estate

1. The tour begins with a story about the owners of this estate.
2. Then consider the household yard: the barnyard, the stables, the carriage house.
3. Then let's go to Orthodox church Holy Martyr Alexandra.
4. Next, let's go to observation deck in the Khrapovitsky castle.
5. The tour ends at the Barsky Ponds (there are toilets and a souvenir shop), we will go to the boat pavilion.

Here we say goodbye to the guide, watch a short film about the Khrapovitsky family and independently return to the parking lot in the same way, comprehending what we saw and heard.

In terms of time, focus on an hour and a half.

And we buy tickets and wait for the start of the tour.

So, when everyone is ready, we listen to the story about the owners of the Muromtsevo estate.

The history of the Khrapovitskys and their estates in the village of Muromtsevo

Since the middle of the 19th century, the estate belonged to the Khrapovitsky noble family. In 1884, she was inherited by Colonel of the Life Guards of the Hussar Regiment Vladimir Semenovich Khrapovitsky from his father. Being an enterprising person and far from being poor, he conceives a grandiose restructuring and invites one of the then fashionable Moscow architects, Pyotr Samoilovich Boytsov.

At the end of the 19th - beginning of the 20th century, an architectural and park complex, stunning in its beauty and luxury, was created in Muromtsevo, including about 70 buildings. He could well compete with the best European palaces.

The main house of the estate was built in stages: the left wing (1884-1887) looks like an old French castle (in neo-Gothic and early Renaissance styles), the right wing (1900s) is a four-story building with a Scottish-style tower .

The count did not spare money for the construction and improvement of the house. There were present all the modern and newfangled benefits of civilization necessary for the comfort of the guests of the estate: electricity, water supply, telephone and telegraph communications.

The owners of the estate are Vladimir Semenovich Khrapovitsky and his wife, who came from the Novgorod nobles, Elizaveta Ivanovna Khrapovitskaya. They were highly educated and hardworking people. Most of the time they lived in St. Petersburg and often traveled abroad. They usually came to Muromtsevo for the summer.

Many noble people visited the Khrapovitsky estate. Concerts and theatrical performances were often arranged for them. For this, professional musicians from Moscow were invited to the estate. Also, pupils of the children's music school, which Vladimir Semenovich supported with his own money, took part in the concerts. Talented peasant children studied there, and Elizaveta Ivanovna herself taught musical literacy.

For performances, they even specially built a musical theater, like the Moscow Bolshoi Theater, only in miniature. But the buildings of the theater and the music school have not survived to this day.

Possessing an outstanding entrepreneurial talent, Khrapovitsky and his managers organized a whole forestry complex. He built timber processing plants, as well as resin, turpentine, brick factories. Accordingly, the railway was built with railway station to send wood and deliver the necessary equipment.

Khrapovitsky made a huge contribution to the development of Muromtsev. In addition to jobs for the villagers and built schools for their children, he did a lot for the development of forestry and industry. The estate was constantly working on the conservation, restoration and cultivation of the forest.

In addition, a beautiful dendrological garden has been created in the estate. It occupied about forty hectares and in its beauty and style was not inferior to the well-known European park complexes. The best known masters of landscape gardening art, such as Karl Enke, Arnold Regel, Georg Kufaldt, worked on its creation.

The arboretum was decorated with alleys with electric lamps, fountains and gazebos. Various varieties of trees and shrubs, as well as rare and exotic specimens, were brought here. And in the greenhouses of the estate they grew palm trees, laurel trees, peaches, and grapes.

From the windows of the palace, stunning views of the masterpiece of garden and park art of the 20th century opened - the central park cascade alley. Water was supplied to the upper basin through a water pipe and from there flowed into the lower reservoir and pond. Walking paths ran on both sides of the cascade, there were benches, flower beds were fragrant.

Swans swam on the pond, pleasure boats and even a small motor ship cruised. On the opposite bank there was a musical pavilion that successfully completed the entire park composition.

The guide suggested that we close our eyes and go back to that happy time for the estate. Feel the luxury and beauty of this place, imagine the life of people in this estate. Hear the sounds of the orchestra, children's laughter, see couples walking in the park, plying on the water surface of the boat.

It's scary how quickly it can all be destroyed. But to breathe life into this place, alas, is now impossible. Opening our eyes, we see that an ominous reminder of a lost masterpiece is looking at us from behind a green fence.

How many such beautiful places were destroyed in the first years of Soviet power, and do not count. The Khrapovitsky estate, as well as the owners themselves, did not escape this monstrous fate.

After the well-known events of 1917, the Muromtsevo estate was nationalized. The castle was destroyed and plundered.

Then a state farm was organized here, and from 1921 to 1976. in the main house and other buildings there was a forest technical school. At this time, the main house of the estate somehow survived, as at least some funds were allocated for current repairs. But as soon as the technical school was moved to a new building, it was completely abandoned and now it is in disrepair. And some buildings of the estate are lost forever.

In 2016, the Sudog branch of the Vladimir Suzdal Museum-Reserve was created, which included some architectural objects of the Khrapovitsky estate: the main house of the estate, horse and stockyards, boat and music pavilions.

But things are still there ...

The fate of the Khrapovitsky spouses is even sadder. And for a long time nothing was known about her. In 1917 they hastily emigrated to France.

The grave of the leader of the nobility and one of the richest industrialists Vladimir Semenovich Khrapovitsky was found in Wiesbaden, on the territory of an old Russian cemetery, many years later. A monument with his photograph and an Orthodox cross were erected there using the funds of the people.

And the fate of his wife was much worse. Leaving Russia, she lived out her life in poverty and died in the small Italian Menton at the foot of the Alps. She even made an attempt to write a letter to the peasants, who now owned the master’s lands, with a request to send some money, but in response she received a harsh refusal: “... We advise you to seek help from those to whom you fled, driven out of our country by the October Revolution, to seek protection. Don't contact us again."

What to see in the Khrapovitsky estate today?

While waiting for the guide, we look around and study the information stand. What are we to see on the territory of the former noble estate?

The schematic map is impressive, we are looking forward to it. Khrapovitsky was an enterprising man and managed to earn a good fortune. And despite the fact that he lived with his wife, mainly in St. Petersburg and abroad, he rebuilt the estate in the province on a truly Russian scale.

The buildings of the utility yard are more like modern fairy-tale scenery than ancient buildings with centuries of history.

Khrapovitsky had his own brick factory and, apparently, there was no doubt about the choice of building materials.

Just imagine, this is a room for keeping livestock and poultry.

This is what the stables have become. Although now they are more like a palace.

There is a legend that Khrapovitsky, who often visited Europe, having once visited the luxurious castle of one of the noblemen, argued that there could also be castles in Russia and promised that he would soon build the same one.

When this man, at the invitation of the count, came to his estate a few years later and saw the stables, he was delighted and amazed at what he saw, it was so similar to his own mansion. To which Khrapovitsky replied: “Well, you, my horses live here, let's finally go to my castle!” ...

It's probably just a legend, but a beautiful one).

Sad sight. The grass and trees inside the building are clearly not the architect's intention.

And still, looking at this building, you won’t think that it was intended for keeping horses.

Until you look inside.

Karetny yard

Only a fragment of the facade has been preserved from the carriage house. And once in this "garage" the noble nobles and merchants of the Vladimir region, who came here to visit, left their carriages. There is evidence that the imperial family could stay here.

Here, then, at the beginning of the twentieth century, were Khrapovitsky's cars.

As it became known to us later, ordinary people now live in a nice house with a Gothic tower that once belonged to the Khrapovitskys.

That's so lucky! They were settled during the Soviet era, when the architectural complex was nationalized and ceased to be of historical value for the new government, and they still live like that - as if there is no reason for their eviction.

And this inhabitant of the estate, probably, has long studied all the paths in the estate. It's time to conduct excursions yourself.

In the meantime, under the guide's story, we are going in an organized manner to the next object - the Church of the Holy Martyr Alexandra.

Church of the Holy Martyr Alexandra of Rome (1895-1899)

The current church is under the jurisdiction of the Russian Orthodox Church. Its opening was an important and solemn event in the life of Muromtsevo.

Previously, there was a belfry above the refectory. The bells for it were specially cast in Moscow at the Samgins' bell foundry.

And this is what the temple looks like today.

I would like to look into the eyes of the author of this "project". Only the lazy did not say a bad word about the builders who stuck this incomprehensible attic with an iron roof to an elegant example of Russian architecture. I think it's monstrous. As they say, feel the difference.

Khrapovitsky Castle

And finally, along the forest path, we are heading to Khrapovitsky castle . It is surrounded by a green fence made of corrugated board. The guard opens the gate for us and lets our group into the territory.

Here it is possible to climb to an impromptu observation deck, see with your own eyes the entire grand design architects and appreciate the scale of former luxury.

Today, the building is in an emergency condition, it is dangerous to go inside. Therefore, we imagine the newfangled interiors of that time from the words of our guide. The house had about 80 rooms, each decorated in an individual style.

The rooms had electric lamps, fireplaces, bathrooms with marble baths. They were decorated with paintings, expensive carpets, a collection of ancient weapons and knightly armor.

Reminiscent of a description built by the Swiss entrepreneur Düringer for his family.

On the facade of the building, the heraldic lily of the Khrapovitsky family is still visible, which was also present in the interiors of the house.

And still, despite the neglected state, the castle makes an indelible impression.

Cascade of ponds

From here the cascade of ponds once began.

And now it looks gorgeous dendrological park with exotic plants. It's just a forest.

boat pavilion

We go down to the pond. On the shore there is a boat pavilion resembling a "Dutch house". Pleasure boats were once kept here.

Today the pavilion has been renovated. The original interior, unfortunately, has not been preserved. On the ground floor there is a ticket office and a souvenir shop, on the second floor there is an exhibition hall that tells about the estate.

There is also a layout of the estate. It shows how the buildings are located, and how the park looked like a hundred years ago.

This concludes the tour service. In conclusion, we are offered to watch a short film about the Khrapovitskys.

Finally, you can take a walk along the shore of the pond.

Music pavilion

On opposite side a fragment of the wall of the music pavilion has been preserved. From here you can see it perfectly.

Once upon a time, newfangled Moscow singers and musicians performed here for the guests of the estate.

This is probably the guardian of the estate. The work of the hands of modern masters.

Memorial of the Great Patriotic War

Driven by mosquitoes and the oncoming rain, we ran through the forest back to the parking lot. On the way, we noticed such a modest monument dedicated to the fallen during the Great Patriotic War, the heroes - the inhabitants of Muromtsevo.

(Total 39 photos)

The village has been known since 1884, when Colonel Vladimir Khrapovitsky first came to the family estate, which he inherited from his father.

From a letter from Vladimir Khrapovitsky: However… The village of Muromtsevo, listed in the 17th century ascribed books to the Khonenev brothers, belonged to this family from ancient times. They owned this land and organized it... My grandfather Ivan Khrapovitsky, Privy Councilor and gentleman, was married to Ekaterina Aleksandrovna Khoneneva. After the death of my father, 21 thousand acres of land were transferred to me only in the Sudogodsk district. And I became, like Eugene Onegin, “factories, waters, forests, lands - a complete master ...” However, I didn’t want to be an enemy and a squanderer. The estate could and should have brought a substantial income.»

In 1884-1889, instead of the dilapidated wooden landowner's house, Khrapovitsky built a magnificent palace ensemble in Muromtsevo.

2. The buildings of the estate are made in the Gothic style by Moscow architect Pyotr Boytsov. The style decision of the manor house is indefinable. Here skillfully used architectural elements early french gothic, scalloped pediments are made under a slight influence of the East, lancet arches combined with the symmetry of the planes inherent in the Renaissance.

3. In 1906, the main house was supplemented by another wing with a tower, in whose forms the Gothic theme continues, but with a touch of coldness inherent in the Neo-Gothic of the Art Nouveau era. (hmm, does anyone know which of the towers is meant? This or the other?)

4. Many guests came to the estate. For their entertainment, a small summer theater was built, where performances were given by visiting troupes and pupils of the local music school established by Khrapovitsky. The pride of the estate, in addition to the manor house and adjacent buildings, was also an arboretum with an area of ​​9 hectares with a cascade of fountains. The park has more than 70 rare species of trees; is a natural monument.

5. “... At the estate big park, gardens, flower beds, ponds, fountains, plumbing, alleys, gazebos, baths, bridges and other devices, as well as their own telegraph, telephone and electric lighting. All taken together gives the full right to the name of the estate “royal”, - so in 1889 someone Gazhitsky wrote, who compiled a description of the estate. And five years earlier, the palace and park ensemble among the dense Murom forests existed only in the plans of V. Khrapovitsky, who dreamed that in terms of splendor and scope his possessions would not be inferior to Peterhof and Versailles. It's a pity that it didn't survive. :(

6. In the vicinity of Khrapovitsky, a joint-stock company "Timber Warehouses of Khrapovitsky" was founded, which was engaged in forest cultivation, processing and sale of wood. From 1892 to 1900, the forestry in Muromtsevo was headed by the famous German scientist Karl Türmer.

7. In the 1890s, a broad-gauge railway line 46 km long was built for the export of timber, connecting Muromtsevo with the Volosataya station on the Kovrov-Murom line. It’s a pity we didn’t get to the station, I’ll definitely look at it if I visit there again.

8. But her owners did not have a chance to enjoy their possession to the fullest. The revolution began ... To avoid looting and plunder, the count made a complete inventory of his property and voluntarily gave it all to the Soviet authorities, and he emigrated to France. The country, whose castles became the prototype of the estate, gave the last shelter to its owners. And a pair of white swans lived on a large manor pond until 1925, and then disappeared, apparently having lost hope of the return of their owners ... Now in the estate there are only pigeons, tourists and "guide" boys. By the way, for a couple of years the level of "excursions" has grown a lot. We did not use their services, but what we managed to hear out of the corner of our ear was quite high quality and interesting.

9. In the Soviet period, the territory of the palace and park complex belonged to the Pioneer state farm. From 1921 to 1979, the Muromtsevsky forestry technical school was located in the main building. In 1979, the leostechnikum moved to a new building built on the edge of the park, and the old one was left to collapse:(

18. I promised that there would be a post without people, but let's put up with the presence of the Genius in the picture, it fits very picturesquely :)

20. And in this frame I especially like the bike :)

21. Remains of interior decoration, there are very few of them.

23. Fireplace time...

24. Fireplace two. Cute, but with a somewhat sinister pentagram.

26. In the northwest, about 700 meters from the castle, there are stables, a barnyard and a carriage house.

27. The horse yard is also in ruins.

28. They say that V. Khrapovitsky either built a horse yard at home in the image and likeness of the palace of a French nobleman, who somehow offended the vanity of a hussar colonel, or argued in France with friends that he would build in Russia gothic castle no worse than the famous Loire. Then he brought them to the estate and showed the horse yard, and after listening to compliments, he said: “Here, gentlemen, my horses live.” The already discouraged French fell into complete amazement when they were led to the magnificent palace of Khrapovitsky.

Two hundred kilometers from Moscow, in the Vladimir region, not far from the city of Sudogda, there is the former estate of Count Vladimir Khrapovitsky, who belonged to the ancient Belarusian family of the Gozdava coat of arms. “... The estate has a large park, gardens, flower beds, ponds, fountains, plumbing, alleys, gazebos, baths, bridges and other devices, as well as its own telegraph, telephone and electric lighting. All taken together gives the full right to the name of the estate "royal", - this is how someone Gazhitsky wrote in 1889, who compiled a description of the estate.

Let's look at what this estate is now and remember its history ...

Photo 2.

And five years earlier, the palace and park ensemble among the dense forests of Murom existed only in the plans of V. Khrapovitsky, who dreamed that in terms of splendor and scope of his possessions they would not be inferior to Peterhof and Versailles. Gradually, the history of the creation of the estate was overgrown with outlandish details. However, many of them, obviously, had a real basis. They say, for example, that V. Khrapovitsky either built a horse yard in his own image and likeness of the palace of a French nobleman, who somehow offended the vanity of a hussar colonel, or argued in France with friends that he would build a Gothic castle in Russia no worse than the famous Loire ones. Then he brought them to the estate and showed the horse yard, and after listening to compliments, he said: “Here, gentlemen, my horses live.” The already discouraged French fell into complete amazement when they were led to the magnificent palace of Khrapovitsky.

Photo 3.

The ghostly outlines of the desired were brought to life by Moscow architect Pyotr Boytsov, a talented stylist of architecture of bygone eras, who worked especially hard in the style of late French Gothic, Renaissance and English Gothic. Pyotr Samoilovich was an eclecticist by conviction and creative method, possessed a great culture of architectural drawing and architectural detail. By the time of the meeting with Vladimir Khrapovitsky, he had already designed and built such large manor ensembles as Vasilyevsky by Prince A.G. Shcherbatov, Uspenskoye by Prince V.A. Svyatopolk-Chetvertinsky and Prince Baigora by G.N. The alliance seemed remarkably successful. One after another, in Muromtsevo there are buildings made in the same style: the main house and the spare house, the house of the manager, the summer theater, the bathhouse, the hunting lodge.

Photo 4.

However, during the construction of a church designed in the Old Russian style on the estate, long-standing dissatisfaction with each other finally led to a gap between the customer and the architect. Therefore, it will obviously remain unknown who designed and built in 1906 the second part of the castle, designed in the English Gothic style. The inheritance from his father of 21 thousand acres of land and the talent of an entrepreneur, which V. Khrapovitsky clearly possessed, who was engaged in the timber trade, brought him an income of 200 thousand rubles a year. A large part of these funds went to the expansion of the estate. There were excellent stables with thoroughbred stallions, a huge kennel, a poultry yard, which was taken care of by the wife of V. Khrapovitsky, Elizaveta Ivanovna, nee Chiglokova.

Photo 5.

Dorkings, la-flats, creek-kers, gudans, Padua chamois, fawn cochinchins, bronze turkeys, golden pheasants, royal ducks, carolins and tangerines, Toulouse and Chinese geese, black and white swans, storks - there was just no one there! But the park, gardens and greenhouses remained the true passion of V. Khrapovitsky. “The garden art of the late 19th-early 20th century was distinguished by many features characteristic of eclectic architecture ... Eclecticism in landscape art not so much changed the nature of manor gardens and parks, but added new elements to them, complicated the park system and diversified it. Rare trees, bushes, flowers were planted. Greenhouses were built, as of old, but a lot was already done in them by specialist gardeners ... Gardens and parks became a kind of collections ”(D. Likhachev,“ Poetry of Gardens ”). Muromtsevo was no exception to the general rule. All year round, peaches, French plums and other rare fruits from V. Khrapovitsky's greenhouse were supplied to St. Petersburg and Moscow

Photo 6.

Planting material came from the gardens of Bauer, Vogt, Noev, Count Uvarov, Eilers, the Regel and Kesselring pomological gardens. Cherry, gooseberry, apple, pear, plum, honeysuckle, peach, grape seedlings, as well as seeds, bulbs, seedlings of roses, lilies, tulips, hyacinths, daffodils, cyclamens, tuberoses, gladioli were sent to Muromtsevo from everywhere. Hundreds of tree species grew in the arboretum, including dozens of exotic species: balsam fir, Siberian fir. golden, Vicha fir, pea-bearing cypress, Banks pine, Weymouth pine, Rumelian pine, Mencis pseudo-hemlock f. blue, gray walnut, etc. The largest gardeners of that time K. Enke, A. Regel, G. Kufelt, K. Türmer - a brilliant constellation of names - put their strokes on the canvas of the estate.

Photo 7.

The year of birth of the park ensemble can be considered 1884, when, simultaneously with the laying of the main house, the gardener of the Sheremetev "Kuskovo" K. Enke breaks a regular " french garden» in the form of an eight-pointed star, taken in the square of the alleys. At the end of the eighties, the construction of water cascades of the “Italian garden” begins, descending along the southern slope with narrow flooded terraces. The landscape, "English" part of the park, more than half of which was occupied by ponds, was made according to the design of Riga parks by G. Kufelt. Crushed stone, sand-based, paths were illuminated by electricity. Sculptures from the workshop of the Botta brothers and Viennese furniture Thonet were placed along them. The fountains were decorated with the works of the sculptor A.S. Kozlov. In summer, palm trees, yuccas, boxwoods and other heat-loving plants were planted in the ground from greenhouses. In the planning structure of Muromtsevo, the main house is the final chord in the symphony of constantly changing views. Guests were usually brought up to the house from the corner, and it opened up before them in the most dynamic turn, throwing up the sharp spiers of gothic completions, advancing with the stern but refined simplicity of a powerful don-jon. And then the gaze glided over the water surface of the cascades and stopped at the Gothic ruin, barely visible in the distance, behind a large lake.

Photo 8.

The Muromtsevo planning structure has no comparable scale analogues in the Russian estate culture! Count Khrapovitsky was inspired grand creations St. Petersburg landscape architects, without losing sight of the masterpieces of the French and German culture of park building. Oddly enough, but vanity did not ruin him, but only contributed to the successful combination in Muromtsevo of the regularity of French, the pomposity of Italian and the lyrics of English gardens. All three, combined with each other, are inextricably linked with the palace, "forgiving" him some differences in the style of the main facade. Nowadays, only postcards with views of Muromtsevo, issued at the beginning of the 20th century, remind of the former splendor of the estate. Having emigrated to France, the Khrapovitskys ended their life on the coast mediterranean sea, in a nursing home quiet town Manton.

Photo 9.

The country, whose castles became the prototype of the estate, gave the last shelter to its owners. And a pair of white swans lived on a large manor pond until 1925, and then disappeared, apparently having lost hope of the return of the owners ... The local forest technical school, which moved into the palace immediately after the revolution, in 1979 moved to the "masterpiece" of architecture of the late seventies built on the edge of the park, predetermining fate of the main house. Two fires complete the job. Water cascades have long been overgrown with herbs, local residents have made their own adjustments to the structure of the park. (magazine " landscape design» No. 1 for 2002, Maria Ozhereleva)

Photo 10.

10 facts about the Khrapovitsky estate

1. The castle, which is very rare for Russia, still has analogues. In the spirit of medieval European castles, the Ponizovkin Palace in the Yaroslavl Region, the Popov Castle in Ukraine, the Sheremetev Castle in the Republic of Mari El, the Palace of Princess Oldenburg in Voronezh region and Meiendorf in the Moscow region.

2. According to legend, the Gothic castle in the Vladimir region was built "on a dare." Khrapovitsky, while traveling in France, made a bet that he would build a castle in Russia that would be in no way inferior to its European counterparts.

3. Often found in the interiors of the castle, the lily is a symbol of the Khrapovitsky family. It means that their surname belongs to the famous Polish coat of arms Gozdava.

4. The Muromtsevsky temple was being built at the time when St. George's Cathedral was being decorated in Gus-Khrustalny. This is due to the similarities in architecture and icon painting. The painting and icons for the church in Muromtsevo were made by the same masters - Vasnetsov's students.

5. The house, which has a rather exotic appearance for this area, also surprised with innovations, which were still very rare in those days. A telegraph station was built on the estate, a telephone was installed, water supply, sewerage and electricity were installed.

Photo 11.

6. The interior of each of the 80 rooms of the palace was designed in a special way - as in the palaces of St. Petersburg there were amber, mirror, blue and malachite rooms.

7. The park in Muromtsevo is a connecting part of the architectural composition. The best park organizers, Kufelt and Encke, worked on it. The park was divided into three zones - Italian, French and English. There were water cascades and fountains, greenhouses and playgrounds, alleys, meadows and ponds.

8. It is known that Khrapovitsky bred dogs. There is a legend about the "Dog Hill" - a cemetery for pets, which was supposedly located next to the main palace. They say that the owner ordered special memorial plates for dogs.

9. From the gardens and greenhouses, the talented entrepreneur Khrapovitsky also derived income. Exotic fruits - peaches, apricots, French plums - provided not only the estate. There were so many of them that part of the harvest was sent to Moscow.

10. The Khrapovitskys did a lot for their people. Houses, workshops and free schools were built for them. At the music school on Bor, village boys were taught to play string and wind instruments and choir singing. Real professionals graduated from the school, because Khrapovitsky hired only the best teachers, bought high-quality instruments and notes. The Khrapovitsky Orchestra was known outside the estate - in Vladimir, Moscow, St. Petersburg.

Photo 12.

How can I get to:

From Moscow 169 km along the highway M7 "Volga" -
- before reaching Vladimir (before Yuryevets), turn right (to N. Novgorod, Murom, Gus-Khrustalny) -
– after 18 km follow the signs to the right to Murom (road P-72) –
– after about 25 km, pointer to the city of Sudogda (to the right) –
– drive almost through the whole city –
– cross the river Sudogda –
- past the bus station (on the right) -
- past the vertical inscription "Red Chemist" -
- after about 300-500m, to the right perpendicular to the street. Budyonny -
- along it to the end of the city -
- further to the right is a football field -
- further entrance to Muromtsevo.

After a while, the gate to manor park, to the right of the park and a little ahead is the stable building.

You can go to the estate through the park, or you can drive to the left, bending around the park, past the entrance to the Church of the Holy Martyr Empress Alexandra, and drive a little further, turning right under the inscription "Forest Technical School" (on the left across the road there is a grocery store), and drive straight to the main manor house.

It is better to ask the local residents of Sudogda and Muromtsev where the Forest College is located, or where the "castle" is. (The question: "where is the Khrapovitsky estate" - may remain unanswered.)

Photo 13.

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Photo 22.

Manor "Muromtsevo"- a noble estate, rare for central Russia in terms of its architectural design, built by order of Colonel of the Life Guards Vladimir Khrapovitsky at the end of the 19th century by architect Pyotr Boytsov. It is located in the village of Sudogodsky district of the Vladimir region, about 3 km from the city, 40 km from and 200 km from.

The palace and park ensemble, covering an area of ​​over 40 hectares, combined the principles of regular and landscape planning in architectural and landscape design, and also had a wide range of buildings made in the same style and intended not only for housing and recreation, but also for a large garden. - park, handicraft and industrial and forestry activities. In total, the complex has 72 buildings. Currently, the estate includes 20 monuments of cultural heritage. Decree of the President Russian Federation No. 176 dated February 20, 1995, the Khrapovitsky Muromtsevo estate is protected by the state as an architectural monument and an object of cultural heritage of federal significance.

Construction history

The village of Muromtsevo in the Sudogodsky district of the Vladimir province since the 17th century belonged to the Khonenev family, which later joined the Khrapovitsky family after the wedding of Ekaterina Aleksandrovna Khoneneva and Ivan Semyonovich Khrapovitsky (1786-1864), Privy Councilor, Civil Governor of St. Petersburg (1829-1835).

From him the village passed to his son, Khrapovitsky Semyon Ivanovich, Colonel of the Life Guards of His Majesty's Hussar Regiment. After his death and the division of the inheritance, in 1884, his son, Vladimir Semenovich Khrapovitsky (1858-1922), captain of the Life Guards Hussar Regiment, became the owner of Muromtsev's lands with the estate.

Having entered into the inheritance, Khrapovitsky found the estate not in the best condition: a lot of inconveniences, an old manor house, a neglected park, a declining economy. Taking into account that the estate itself has great potential due to the rich forest reserves, Khrapovitsky decides to radically reorganize Muromtsevo, starting with park vegetation and ending with peasant huts. The soil, he believed, was quite suitable for agriculture, but the main wealth of the region was the forests covering most estate territory. It was the predominance of forests that determined the nature of the economy.

Entrance to the estate Khrapovitsky "Muromtsevo". Architect P. S. Boitsov. On the days of the owner's arrival at the estate, the flag of the Khrapovitskys was hoisted over the house.
Photo, ca. 1910

Khrapovitsky decides to rebuild the estate according to his own taste and latest fashion. He orders the design of the estate to the architect Pyotr Samoilovich Boytsov, popular among the nouveau riche, a talented stylist of architecture of bygone eras, who worked a lot in the style of late French Gothic, Renaissance and English Gothic. Pyotr Boitsov was an eclecticist by conviction and creative method, possessed a great culture of architectural drawing and architectural detail.

For the construction of the castle estate, the customer allocated a little more than 20 thousand acres of land and did not limit the architect's funds.

In June 1884, construction began on the main house - a palace in the spirit of medieval European castles. The first phase of construction took place between 1884 and 1889. P. S. Boitsov builds in Muromtsevo in the same style the main house with a cascade of ponds in front of it and buildings and structures adjacent to it. The main house was originally two stories high.

1884 should be considered the year of the birth of the park ensemble, when, simultaneously with the laying of the main house, the gardener of the Sheremetev Kuskovo, Karl Encke, sets up a regular “French garden” on a hill near the palace in the form of an eight-pointed star taken into the square of the alleys.

The scale of Khrapovitsky's entrepreneurial activity is evidenced by the fact that in 1889-1895, according to the project of P. S. Boitsov, near the Khrapovitsky estate were built: wooden building railway station Khrapovitskaya 1 and 2 (a 41 km long railway line from Muromtsevo to Volosataya Muromskaya station was laid separately railway, stationmaster's house, station storeroom, post office building with telegraph, school, shop and bathhouse.

Simultaneously with the construction work, work began on creating a garden landscape, for which the largest experts of that time were invited - famous garden masters Karl Enke, Eduard Regel, Georg Kufaldt, foresters Karl Türmer and Khrapovitsky's son-in-law Pavel Gerle.

With the permission of the Vladimir diocese, for 4 years, not far from the main house, a manor church with one altar was built in the name of the martyr Tsaritsa Alexandra, consecrated in 1899 on the day of memory of Equal-to-the-Apostles Prince Vladimir (July 15, old style). During the construction of a church designed in the neo-Russian style on the estate, long-standing dissatisfaction with a friend finally led to a rupture between the customer and the architect.

In 1906, the right wing with a high tower, designed by an unknown architect, was added to the main building of the estate.

Architectural and style features

The estate is one of the many eclectic "castles" of pre-revolutionary Russia, built on a romantic reading of the European Middle Ages. Among the many analogues are Popov's castle, Sheremetevsky castle, the Ponizovkin's palace in the Red Profintern, the Palace of the Princess of Oldenburg, Mayendorf. The main manor house (palace) was located in the center of the estate and was an architectural composition asymmetrical with respect to the central axis of inspection, consisting of two different form-building and different-temporal buildings (1884-1889, 1906).

The western part of the building is a two-story building with one three-tiered and the other, adjoining the building from the southwest, round towers. The round tower also crowns the facade of the southern four-storey wing of the castle, which was added in 1906. The palace was a building, the layout of the premises of which was solved with the help of enfilades of various heights. The palace contained more than 80 different rooms, living rooms and living rooms. The project was implemented taking into account all the innovations: electric lighting of the buildings and the park from an autonomous locomobile, central heating, water supply from a steam pump and two water towers, sewerage, a telephone in the rooms, and its own telegraph station.

Muromtsev Palace served as a connecting element for all other buildings of the estate, built in 1884-1889. In front of the main house, there was a cascade of ponds, a horse yard, a hunting lodge, a manager’s house that has not survived, a cattle yard, a carriage house, wooden music and boat pavilions, a pier on the pond, water tower. On the territory of the estate were located: a church in the pseudo-Russian style, which became widespread in the architecture of churches from the beginning of the 1870s; numerous outbuildings; the theater, which is a miniature copy of the Mariinsky Theatre; music school for gifted orphans.

Unrealized railway station project at Muromtsevo station. Architect P. S. Boitsov. 1896

All manor buildings were located on the territory of a huge park with an arboretum and a nursery with an area of ​​over 40 hectares - hundreds of rare and exotic tree species grew here: balsam fir, cypress, Banks pine, gray walnut and many others. The park itself consisted of three parts: Italian (water cascades on terraces and water parterres), French (fountains, greenhouses and playgrounds) and English (alleys, meadows and ponds - was added in 1910). The entrance to the park from the side of Muromtsev and from the side of the road from the railway station were united by one alley leading to the palace. There were playgrounds for sports games; smoothly curved alleys, decorated with sculptures from Kozlov's workshop; spacious glades with picturesque groups of trees and even artificial streams. Along the paths were electric lamps made at Maltsov's factories, and fashionable Viennese garden furniture made of bent wood, benches and armchairs from Thonet, which significantly changed the look of the park. Ponds illuminated by multi-colored electric lamps, fountains and cascades surrounded by exotic vegetation enhanced the impression of luxury and magnificence of the estate.

The estate ensemble included a large Orchard, in which there were several hundred fruit and berry trees and shrubs, two greenhouses, two greenhouses, a number of greenhouses. At the entrance to the estate and in front of the palace, bizarrely shaped flower beds and flowerbeds were laid out, for which the estate was famous.

In the stables of Khrapovitsky there were the best horses (up to 30 heads) of the famous horse breeders Petrov-Sokolov, Golovnin, Sheremetev, the herd of cattle exceeded a hundred. The huge yard was intended for breeding birds, the mistress of which was a lover. For breeding Chinese geese, Khrapovitsky was awarded a silver medal of the Ministry of Agriculture. The carriage house was designed for a large number of guests, as well as for horse-drawn carriages, droshky, carriages and sledges of Khrapovitsky himself, which he ordered only from Petterson.

Interior

The interiors were luxuriously decorated. Parquet floors, ceilings painted and carved in wood, walls and doors polished with wood. The ceiling painting in the entrance hall, decorative painting in the living room and dining room were made by Moscow artist August Tomashki. There were more than 80 rooms in the Khrapovitsky Palace, and each of them, like in Peterhof, was decorated in a special way. There were rooms: mirrored, amber, malachite, blue, pink, etc. The rooms of the castle were illuminated by electric lamps in gilded Byzantine-style lamps from Berto, marble fireplaces, toilet rooms with bathtubs and a pool from the workshop of the Botta brothers were arranged in the house. A real decoration of the interior was a large collection of paintings, carpets, tapestries, ancient weapons and knightly armor.

All decor items were ordered exclusively from the capital's craftsmen and suppliers of the Supreme Court. Khrapovitsky ordered marble for stairs from Gubonin, furniture from Schmit, a court manufacturer, upholsterer and decorator, father-in-law of the architect P. S. Boytsov. In addition to furniture, the house was decorated with elegant trinkets that made the atmosphere more comfortable and homely: sculptures by Botta, weapons, Sevres vases, porcelain, mirrors, bronze - from the royal supplier Ivan Ebert, silverware - from Carl Faberge.

The interior decoration of the manor church was as luxurious as in the palace: silver - from Faberge, candelabra, cross and utensils - from Sokolov's house. Medvedev's workshop made an iconostasis with icons from the Vasnetsov school, the wall painting was done by the same artist August Tomashki.

Further history and current state

After the revolution of 1917, Khrapovitsky, wishing to preserve the material values ​​​​of the estate and avoid the fate of hundreds of Russian estates that were looted and destroyed during the years of hard times, made a complete inventory of the property and voluntarily transferred it to the state. Leaving, he wrote an essay about his estate, which he concluded with the words:

This was my estate in the village of Muromtsevo, which I and my associates - Tyurmer, Voronov, Gerle, peasants and residents of Muromtsevo and the surrounding villages - improved and ennobled in every possible way in the hope that it would decorate the district, and therefore, all of Russia, and thereby serve its glory and prosperity for the benefit of the future Fatherland.

I dare to hope that I succeeded, and that the descendants will preserve and multiply what was started by the Russian nobleman Vladimir Khrapovitsky. And leaving, I want to tell you, as, perhaps, only Russians say, parting:

FAREWELL!

In 1918 the estate was nationalized. In the same year, " Regulations on the management and management of estates of national importance and registered by the provincial commissariats of agriculture».

In 1920, a whole carload of valuables, about 300 pounds, was taken out of the Muromtsev estate to the provincial historical museum. Part of the paintings and graphic drawings from the Khrapovitsky collection during 1918, 1921, 1924 and up to 1927 came to the funds of the Vladimir-Suzdal Museum-Reserve, part of the furnishings of the palace and theater ended up in Vladimir, Gus-Khrustalny, in various institutions of Sudogda.

After the Khrapovitskys left to emigrate to France (according to indirect data - in 1921), the estate was plundered and desecrated. In 1921, the forest institute was founded in the building of the palace, which was soon transformed into a forest technical school with agronomy and forestry departments. The subsequent expansion of the village of Muromtsevo led to a reduction in the area of ​​the park by 5 times, from 40 to almost 8 hectares.

For 56 years, while the forest technical school was located in the palace, the estate continued to be plundered and rebuilt.

In the 1970s, the reconstruction of the castle was being prepared. Drawings and engineering documents were prepared. But the project was not carried out.

The end of the 1980s can be considered a turning point in the life of the estate - the relocation of the technical school in 1977 to a new building actually sealed the fate of the main estate house and adjacent buildings, they turned out to be virtually ownerless and abandoned for looting, began to deteriorate and gradually collapse. Two subsequent fires in the castle completed their devastating work - nothing was left of the interior decoration.

In 1992 the church was transferred to free use Vladimir Diocese of the Russian Orthodox Church, used for its intended purpose).

Despite the fact that the estate was regularly written about in the media, the buildings of the estate were in a semi-abandoned state and were slowly collapsing. The prospects for the complex in terms of restoration are very uncertain. The Muromtsevo estate remains one of the most problematic objects, the preservation of which requires urgent measures.

On February 22, 2012, an initiative group of citizens turned to the candidate for the presidency of the Russian Federation with a request to change the status of the Muromtsevo estate and other famous estates in Russia, in order to restore them.

On October 22, 2013, the Vladimir-Suzdal Museum-Reserve held a presentation of the project for the restoration and museumification of the Khrapovitsky estate in Muromtsevo at the Ministry of Culture of the Russian Federation. In a 35-minute report, General Director of VSMZ S. E. Melnikova substantiated the need for urgent intervention in the fate of a dying monument, the possibility of using a unique cultural object in the framework of cultural and educational tourism.

On November 14, 2013, the Ministry of Culture agreed on the possibility of assigning to the Vladimir-Suzdal Museum-Reserve on the right of operational management a number of objects of the Khrapovitsky estate in the village of Muromtsevo, Sudogodsky District, Vladimir Region, which are in federal ownership. The total area of ​​the land plot transferred to the museum may be about 23 hectares.

On November 23, 2013, civil activists, worried about the looting and littering of the ruins of the estate, held a large-scale clean-up, but new garbage around the stables and the barnyard began to appear again, and even in even greater quantities. It was noted that the unhindered passage of cars through the park area of ​​the estate complex continues, which facilitates the "work" of looters and access to vandals.

In May 2014, the estate was transferred to the operational management of the State Vladimir-Suzdal Museum-Reserve. By that time, drawings from the 70s had been found. The creation of the Sudogodsk branch of the GVSMZ has begun. The estate should be examined by engineers and archaeologists, after which the drafting of the reconstruction project began.

On September 8, 2014, a free concert by the Moscow Virtuosi Orchestra conducted by Vladimir Spivakov took place in front of the castle. As of 2015, the main building is surrounded by a fence and a video surveillance system has been installed.

In December 2014, the Vladimir-Suzdal Museum published the first issue of the popular science almanac Muromtsevo. Between the past and the future” and the first scientific Muromtsev readings were held.

At the 17th International festival museums "Intermuseum-2015" The Vladimir-Suzdal Museum-Reserve came up with the project "Learn to revive", dedicated to the Khrapovitsky estate in Muromtsevo, within the framework of which an unusually spectacular model of the restored estate was presented shortly before that.

July 10, 2015 official opening the first museum exhibition "Manor Muromtsevo: between the past and the future", which is located in the restored building of the boat pavilion on the banks of the Barsky Ponds. Several stands were placed in the house, telling about the life of the owners of the estate and what was built here. And the main exhibit of the exhibition was the layout of the estate, which was created by Vladimir Khrapovitsky (the author of the layout is the Vladimir architect A.S. Solodov). General Director of the Museum Svetlana Melnikova noted:

Before you Muromtsevo is what it probably will never be. Because a lot of the territory is built up. Some objects, for example, the theater, are lost forever, you can no longer see it. Now the concept of the Muromtsevo Museum is being born, and this concept will include proposals not only for restoration, but also for the reconstruction of objects. There is a very complex process going on. The project should be ready in October, and then we will find out how it will look like and how much it will cost.

Perhaps today the main attraction of the Vladimir region, the fabulous neo-Gothic castle of Khrapovitsky, can be said to be under the power of evil spells, from which you need to find a magic spell of salvation.

Many sights of the Vladimir region are famous all over the world. There are many relics here that you can see, because this includes the cities of the "Golden Ring" of Russia, historical monuments of Vladimir-Suzdal Rus have been preserved here. In these places, evidence of human life more than 25 million years ago was found - Upper Paleolithic sites. The XII-XIII centuries saw the flourishing and strengthening of the Vladimir-Suzdal principality, it occupied a dominant position and had priority over the Russian lands. The city of Vladimir was the capital of North-Eastern Rus'. Today in Vladimir, which is famous for its churches, you should definitely visit the Assumption Cathedral, see the Golden Gate, through which the entrance to the city was carried out, the white-stone Mother of God-Nativity Monastery. In the region - see the unique cable-stayed bridge across the Oka in the Murom region, visit the Cathedral of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary, included in the UNESCO world heritage.

The path to the castle

Thousands of tourists visit these places every year. Everyone is attracted by the Khrapovitsky estate. How to get to the place, many find out long before the trip. This information is incredibly important. Between the cities of Vladimir and Murom is the small village of Muromtsevo. The Khrapovitsky Castle will tell its story here. You can get from Vladimir by any regular bus heading to Sudogda, Krasnaya Gorbatka or Murom. Get off at the bus station in Sudogda, and then walk about 3 km on foot. By car, in the same way, having reached Sudogda, move along main street Lenin, cross the bridge across the Sudogda River. At the fork to the village of Krasny Khimik, turn right, drive to Muromtsevo. Our landmark is the yellow gate with the inscription "technical school" and we drive into this gate. Behind them, a real Gothic palace awaits us - Khrapovitsky's castle, the photo of which looks like shots from an old movie.

Rod Khrapovitsky

The Khrapovitsky family is famous and ancient, listed in the sixth genealogical book of Russian noble families. The coat of arms of the Khrapovitskys is a shield divided into four parts crosswise, on which are depicted two lilies with intertwining stems: one flower looks down, and the other up. The lily was definitely considered a symbol of the family, the image of a flower can be seen on the facade, on windows, fireplaces and grates. The emblem is crowned with a noble helmet with a crown and peacock feathers, among which one can see a silver lily. Since the 17th century, the territory of the estate, on which the Khrapovitsky castle will appear in the future, belonged to the noble family of the Khonenevs. In the 19th century, the village of Muromtsevo passed into the possession of Ivan Khrapovitsky, who married a representative of the Khonenev family. Khrapovitsky was a secret state adviser and governor of the St. Petersburg province, came from an ancient Polish-Belarusian aristocratic family of Gozdov, his ancestors accepted Russian citizenship after the lands of the former Commonwealth became part of Russia.

Vladimir Semenovich Khrapovitsky

In 1884, the territory of the estate was inherited by Vladimir Semenovich Khrapovitsky, a hussar colonel. The count inherited wonderful lands, where a dense forest rustled. The richness of the surrounding nature prompted him to engage in the sale of wood. As a result, Khrapovitsky becomes the largest timber merchant in the country. But at that time, the estate received as an inheritance was in decline, in the center stood an old wooden manor house, and there was a neglected park around. The Earl enthusiastically set about restoring the estate and building a new main house. So over time, a luxurious estate of Khrapovitsky appeared here.

The history of the construction of the castle

Local legend says that after visiting France, Khrapovitsky was impressed by the beauties of the local castles. The French threw down a kind of challenge, saying that Russia had never had such beauty. As the saying goes, if it's not true, it's well thought out. And now, after a while, a neo-Gothic palace with a magnificent park and more than 70 buildings on an area of ​​40 hectares of land grew in the Vladimir region. At the time of construction, in 1884, this creation of the architect Pyotr Samoylovich Boytsov became a triumph of architectural and landscape art, despite the fact that at that time in Russia it was by no means dominated by Gothic style and eclectic style. Electricity, water supply, sewerage, central heating, telephone and telegraph were provided here. On the vast adjacent territory, ponds, greenhouses, fountains and an arboretum were laid out. A railway track 41 km long was specially built, it connected the estate with the Murom railway. The wood was taken out along this road. And, they say, that the entire Moscow region was supplied with fruits from the gardens of the estate. Khrapovitsky's estate was designed to decorate the county and all of Russia.

General view of Khrapovitsky Castle

According to the original project, Khrapovitsky's castle was supposed to consist of two floors, with a cascade of ponds in front of the building. This is how the architect Boytsov brought it to life, and in 1906 - on the right - an unknown architect completed the four-story wing with a beautiful tower in the English style. Near the castle, several dozen service buildings were erected, made in the same style, among them - a summer theater, boat station, a marina, a horse yard, a place for an orchestra, a manager's house, ponds murmured around, the cascade of which ended in a magnificent lake, trees rustled in the park, gardens bloomed, there was also a magnificent 9-hectare arboretum with more than 70 species of rare trees.

Interior decoration

Today, nothing remains of the rich interior decoration of the castle. And when it was very expensive and refined, from tiles and marble stairs to rich interior decoration. The castle had more than 80 interior rooms, each of which had its own name and purpose, each had expensive furniture ordered from the best furniture makers, the interior decoration was decorated with expensive paintings, vases, tapestries, carpets, porcelain, sculptures by Bott, mirrors and bronze from Ebert , cutlery from Faberge. The "mirror" room was decorated with Venetian mirrors, but today only empty recesses in the brick walls remind of them.

Life in a fairytale castle

The Khrapovitsky estate (Vladimir region) overnight turned into favorite place visits to the capital's aristocrats, local industrialists, everyone was cordially welcomed here, luxurious balls and receptions were held in the castle, excursions in the park and gardens, boat trips were organized in nature. On the shore of the pond, an orchestra specially created by the count played, which was his pride. The theater was also an important merit of the count. It was a miniature version of the Moscow Maly Theatre, built of wood. Pupils of the local music school played both in the orchestra and in the theater. Khrapovitsky also helped the disintegrating theater groups, offering them work and shelter. The theater played not only performances, but also arranged musical evenings, played classical music. Khrapovitsky was very fond of dogs, a special room was equipped for them, and there was a window in his office so that he could look at his pets at any time. They say that a place for burial was allotted for those who had gone to another world, where the owner laid nominal memorial granite slabs. The stables had the best horses. The building itself was confused by many who were here for the first time with the master's house, it was so beautiful and impressive. The countess devoted much time to animals and flowers in gardens and greenhouses. The Khrapovitskys were engaged in charity work in their county, they were used to build and fully maintain comprehensive schools. They also helped the peasants from the surrounding villages a lot.

Church of Saint Alexandra

In 1899, the Bishop of Vladimir allowed the construction of a church in honor of the holy Empress Alexandra on the land of Khrapovitsky. The reasons for the construction was the need for the existence of a church close to the place of residence and work a large number people, as well as strengthening Khrapovitsky's relationship with the imperial family. Boytsov also became an architect, so the temple is designed in the same style as the rest of the buildings, but with elements of Russian late baroque. The interior of the temple was just as magnificent. Silver and gold here - from Faberge - from Sokolov's house. Services have resumed at the church today.

The current state of the estate

Of course, when planning the construction of his castle, Khrapovitsky could not foresee the events of 1917 and the revolution. When everything had already happened, his only desire was to save his offspring from destruction and plunder. And he wrote a letter to his descendants and arbitrarily transferred the estate to the state. But fate decided otherwise. Material values ​​and paintings were transferred to the region, and the interior of the castle was plundered. Here in Soviet times there was a forest technical school, then a hostel, and then two fires at all. Most of the buildings around the castle were left in ruins. The fate of the owners of the castle is no less tragic - they died in France in exile, in poverty and in anxiety for their estate. Unfortunately, the Khrapovitsky spouses had no children. It is said that a pair of swans lived on the lake until 1925, perhaps in the hope of still seeing their returned owners. Today they say that work on the reconstruction of the estate has finally begun. What happened to her during the years of Soviet power is an irreparable loss for posterity. Let's hope that the work will be successful, the estate of Count Khrapovitsky will become protected historical heritage and will make more than one generation of Russian people proud of their land.