Where can you retire abroad? Where to live in retirement? Best Places

The ability of people to earn money by their own labor decreases with age. Around the world, there is a trend for older people to move to countries with milder climates, lower basket costs or better health care.

It has long been not uncommon for German or Finnish Pensioners to move to permanent place residence in Italy, American - in the equatorial countries. And even British pensioners, traditionally considered one of the wealthiest pensioners in the world, go to spend their old age in their own apartment in Cyprus.

There are several criteria by which the attractiveness of a state for the elderly is determined. Among them are the quality of medical care, the cost of living, climatic conditions, infrastructure development, and the availability of special programs to support pensioners.

Among the leading countries in these indicators in different years repeatedly included such countries as Panama, Mexico, Ecuador. In 2011, according to the results of the International Living ranking, they still occupy the top lines. In addition to them, in the list of twenty-three countries with best conditions for pensioners includes New Zealand, Costa Rica, Honduras, Australia, Republic of Nicaragua, Argentina.

retirement paradise

Why are these countries so attractive? In Ecuador, for example, pensioners are provided with serious reductions in the price of almost everything, including utilities. A full lunch in a cafe costs no more than three United States dollars. Taxi fare is one dollar. At the same time, medical care for the elderly is free.

Rent a comfortable apartment in prestigious area Panama does not exceed 500 US dollars per month. abundance concert halls and museums provides ample opportunities for leisure activities. By the way, according to the Panamanian state Pensionardo program, older people receive a 50 percent concession in the price of entertainment. For travel to public transport the program provides a concession in the price of 30%, for meals in restaurants - 25%.

Climatic conditions in Mexico are quite comparable with the middle lane Russian Federation. Quality medical services here is on top. The annual health insurance cost is $150. True, to obtain it, you need a residence permit. Upon reaching the age of 60, it is possible to receive an INAPAM card, the national Mexican association of retirees. It provides a variety of price concessions and tax incentives.

Retirement trend in Europe

In Europe, such a scheme as leaseback is widely practiced. First introduced by the French government in 1976, today it is popular in almost all European countries Oh. According to this scheme, foreign real estate is purchased at a reduced price (from 10 to 50% of the real value). But under one condition - it does not completely become the property immediately. As a rule, in ten to twenty years. All this time, real estate is rented out on a short-term rental basis to compensate for financial losses during its sale.

Leasing back is actively used by middle-aged Europeans. Stable popularity is enjoyed by housing purchased under this scheme in resort areas Spain. Spend your old age warm sea ​​coast in a country with a mild climate - a tempting prospect for many.

Spain, according to the rating of the same International Living, ranks fourth in terms of living standards for pensioners. According to the international real estate agency Gordon Rock, the monthly cost of living there ranges from 600 to 800 euros. This is several times less than in such prosperous European countries as the Republic of Germany and Switzerland. Attractive in this country is the spread of so-called urbanizations - residential complexes with developed infrastructure. Often in such urbanizations, single pensioners and elderly couples acquire housing. Such collective living allows them to freely communicate with each other and organize various clubs of interest.

We have long been accustomed to the fact that real estate prices in the Russian Federation are getting higher and higher, utility bills are growing almost every day, and after watching criminal news, one somehow does not want to go out into the street. And often the attitude in the Russian Federation towards people who have passed into the category of pensioners does not give the feeling of a full member of society. These factors make some of our compatriots seek their fortune abroad.

Russian pensioners can be found in other countries. Basically it is Cyprus, Bulgaria, Portugal, Turkey. The most important criterion for choosing a country for moving is the relative proximity of the historical homeland and the kinship of cultures. After all, not everyone will find the strength in himself in old age to leave for that part of the world where it is problematic to find compatriots even during the day with fire.

According to these positions, the undisputed leader in the number of Russian emigrants of the elderly belongs to Bulgaria. According to the chairman of the same Gordon Rock, Stanislav Singel, the average cost of living in this country for a month is about 200 euros, which is quite comparable to the average Russian pension. In addition, the Bulgarian government is passing laws aimed at increasing the flow of migrants. Yes, and real estate in Bulgaria has quite acceptable prices for Russians.

An interesting way to escape from the harsh Russian reality is popular with pensioners Far East. Settlers Creek Chinese territories leaked a few years ago. And since then it has only been gaining momentum.

In Chinese People's Republic(PRC) real estate prices and the cost of utilities are much lower than in the Russian Federation. But it is worth making a reservation right away - large Chinese cities are not taken into account: Shanghai, Beijing, Hong Kong or the resort of Sanya. Housing prices are consistently high there. We are talking about such relatively small border settlements like Heihe, Sunfeihe, Tongjiang. Proximity to large Russian cities and simplified visa-free entry make them very attractive.

Yes, and foreign pensioners often have a hard time abroad. In many countries, minimum pensions range from US$300 to US$500 per month. Even taking into account the fact that the level of social support for pensioners in developed countries ah European and American continents significantly higher than in the Russian Federation, many elderly foreigners have to look for additional source income. Or enjoy the support of their children and grandchildren. In addition, various unforeseen financial costs are often hidden behind the low cost of housing.

But, despite various difficulties, it is still possible to speak of a trend towards an increase in the migration of the elderly population. The financial crises that are shaking the whole world in waves are forcing governments to take care of the elderly in varying degrees, restraining property taxes and increasing investment in social security.

How pensioners live in different countries

They say that in our country great attention is paid to the care of pensioners. Is it so? Let's get acquainted with the life of older people in other countries and compare it with our reality.

Germany

The country of pensioners - 1/4 of the population of Germany is over 65 years old. A German who has not earned a pension record will still be paid a “minimum” (€350), he will also be guaranteed payment for utilities and housing (at the rate of 56 square meters per person). Numerous emigrants are in the same conditions (although they are not provided with a pension, but with social benefits). Approximately 70% of the average income is the maximum German labor pension, but only a few receive it. The average pension is approximately €810. In general, the Germans - pensioners do not particularly fatten, they manage to save for a deposit and vacation - 2 times a year in budget Spain or at sea in their native Germany. In Germany, the rights of tenants are well protected, so the usual place of residence for German citizens is rented housing (for 20-30 years in one place). It is not customary to buy apartments here, because sometimes moving to more modest housing is more expensive than renewing the previous lease. Sometimes pensioners still move to "pension houses" - condominiums, where a round-the-clock duty of doctors is organized, etc. And only those pensioners who, due to the prevailing life circumstances, could not or did not want to start a family, and now are not able to fully care for themselves, move to nursing homes.

98 percent of German pensioners can live quite comfortably on their guaranteed pension, allowing themselves, for example, to travel the world at their own expense. But there are also two percent for whom the pension due to them is not enough for a normal life. For those who, for one reason or another, their pension was insufficient for life, there is state assistance, the so-called grundziherung, which supplements the pension to the subsistence level.

Thus, in Germany, no one is left without sufficient support. On the other hand, those who are forced to apply for grundziherung turn out to be very dependent on the state. The benefit is only allocated if the person has no savings. If they are, then he will be required to first spend this accumulated money. That is, the grundziherung is the last rung on the social ladder, from which it is almost impossible to climb back up. The pensioner is allowed to help himself by working part-time, but by the same step he deprives himself of the right to social benefits. And yet this system guarantees everyone the payment of an apartment and almost 400 euros a month for life.

Turkey

Many Istanbul old people spend their time in coffee houses on the Bosphorus. Gray-haired men in formal suits have endless conversations about politics, and their companions in patent leather boats and fur boas smelling of mothballs play cards and drink hot tea from small porcelain cups in any weather all day long.

Many pensioners in Turkey do not know what to do with their time. However, about 60 percent of those who retired continue to work: delivering newspapers, selling lottery tickets, work as ticket collectors. Women have it much easier. Young women receive the deceased father's pension until they get married. Almost all housewives continue to receive the pension of their deceased husband.

The tradition of receiving a pension from the state after the death of her husband was inherited from Ottoman Empire where women traditionally did not work, they looked after the household and children. After the death of the breadwinner, the state pays women an allowance, recognizing their high role in the upbringing of children. A decent post in the state or military service provides worthy social guarantees for the rest of your life. For example, the general's widow's pension is enough to rent a comfortable apartment, pay for her own expenses, and even help her children. Women can afford to buy any vegetables and fruits that cost a penny in the markets, drink bottled water, not tap water. That is why Turkish widows rarely remarry. No one wants to put on the yoke of worries again.

In Turkey, it is impossible to see old women begging for alms. There are almost no nursing homes in the country. Neglect of the elderly is considered a disgrace. The eastern tradition has an effect on helping the elders.

Every Turk from a young age thinks about a future pension. After getting a job, many people open bank accounts, where they transfer part of their wages, turn to private pension funds. There is also compulsory pension insurance. From each employee's salary, the company deducts a contribution to the pension fund, which is credited to an individual account and is divided equally - for medical and pension services.

China

In China, citizens who work in cities are eligible for pension payments. Now the urban population is more than forty percent. China is transforming from an agricultural country into an urbanized country. The entire pension system in China is state-owned, and private pension funds (in pure form) does not exist. Although enterprises, if you have worked there long enough, are ready to make pension payments to you on their own initiative.

The state pension may be 10-15 dollars - this, of course, is not the amount that old age can provide. True, elderly people in China have huge benefits, real benefits that help to live: partial or even complete exemption from utility bills, free pass in public transport, free entry in a number of public places - in museums, parks, gardens, where, in fact, you can most often meet pensioners. There are special canteens for the elderly, shops, that is, Chinese old age, even despite the uneven development of China, is well provided for.

Rural residents can only rely on the care of relatives and children. It should also be understood that it is not children who support the elderly, more precisely, not only children. They are supported by family, clan. Therefore, there are practically no abandoned old people, even if they do not have their own children at all.

Kazakhstan

Women over 58 years of age with 20 years of service and men over 63 years of age with 25 years of service are entitled to receive a pension. The possibility of retirement for men and women at the age of 55 is allowed if the amount of pension savings is sufficient to receive the minimum pension. The size of the pension in the solidarity system depends on the length of service, and is financed from the federal budget, which accumulates a special social tax and other revenues. All working citizens of Kazakhstan in without fail deduct 10% of their income to the accumulative pension fund to individual pension accounts. At the same time, citizens have the right to make voluntary pension contributions as well. The accumulated funds are invested in the economy, and after the termination of the employee's employment, they go to his personal pension provision.

USA

The overall retirement picture in the United States is quite understandable; those who have worked all their lives have a decent remuneration in old age. Pensions and benefits start at $300, and for those who have not worked a single day for the benefit of a state that claims world domination. For those who have a small seniority and earned the right to additional payments, they pay a pension of 600 dollars. Regular funded pensions from private funds start at $700-800. Throughout their lives, Americans (engineers, IT-specialists, "technicians", ordinary wage workers, secretaries) save part of their salary there. In addition, Americans can open a personal retirement account, and it can be opened from the moment a person is born. Annual contributions to the FSC must not exceed $2000, funds cannot be withdrawn from this account until the age of 59 and a half.

The largest pensions are for civil servants, the military and airline employees. In accordance with the above text, the standard of living for American pensioners is different. There are no special benefits in this country, everything is compensated by low prices and various numerous sales in the consumer market.

Australia

In Australia, any citizen, regardless of whether he worked, after reaching the age of 65 receives a state pension. In addition, pensioners are entitled to benefits, including free medical care. Single Australians who have reached retirement age receive a pension of $1,000, people who are married receive $980. In addition, in Australia, any citizen can register their own personal pension fund and manage it independently. Retirement savings can be used upon reaching the age of 65.

Sweden

The Swedish pension system is considered the most social. The level of pensions in Sweden is up to 80% of the salary. The average pension in Sweden is $2,000. Citizens with low salaries can count on a minimum guaranteed pension of $1,050 for married people and $1,180 for single pensioners.

Israel

Israel has a funded pension system. The employer and the employee invest in an account opened with the pension fund. In addition, residents of Israel who have reached retirement age receive old-age benefits from Bituah Leumi. The amount of this benefit is paid in a fixed amount. If a person regularly made contributions to the pension fund, then he will receive the pension he earned, plus old-age benefits. And if he did not make deductions, then only the old-age allowance.

Now the average Israeli pension is about 6 thousand shekels (about 1.5 thousand dollars). Veterans of the Israel Defense Forces, military pensioners receive more pensions - about 1,700 dollars. Those Israeli citizens who suffered in the attacks receive the same amount as military pensioners. In addition, pensioners have benefits for land tax, television tax and some other state taxes. Moreover, the citizens of Israel are paid a large monetary reward when they go on a well-deserved rest. The amount of this "pension bonus" is equal to the average monthly income multiplied by the number of years of service.

Singapore

The core of Singapore's pension system is the Central Savings Fund, to which both employers and employees are required to contribute. Employee funds are distributed across three accounts: special, regular and medical. A special account is a pension savings, access to which will be open only after reaching retirement age. 75% of all pension funds are transferred to the regular one. A person has the right to withdraw money from this account even before retirement. But he can use them only in two cases: to buy housing and pay for education for himself or family members. The medical bill accumulates funds specifically to cover the cost of treatment.

One of the main principles of Singapore's pension system is to each according to his work. If a person has not worked all his life, the state is not obliged and will not support him in old age. If a citizen of Singapore leaves to live in another country, then all the pension capital accumulated by him to that moment is paid to him in full. But if he decides to return, then all the money withdrawn from the pension account will be asked to be returned back to the Central Savings Fund. Another rule: saving money for retirement should be profitable. Therefore, the state pays interest for keeping money in pension accounts. They are higher than in banks, so many Singaporeans, in addition to mandatory deductions, deposit money there on their own.

Russia

A significant part of our Russian pensioners cannot, like their European peers, go even for a short vacation to warm sea. Moreover, in their minds, the concept of “poverty” is interconnected with the concept of “pension”, and therefore so many people who work until last day pensioners. The situation in developed and developing countries is completely different, where a minimum pension is often sufficient for a normal life. The Russian pension situation, so far, is the envy of only Ukraine. The President of this country: "We need to catch up with Russia in terms of pensions." Due to the fact that during the crisis pensions in the Russian Federation were not cut, but rather increased, the size of the average labor and minimum (social) pensions increased significantly. A small increase also occurs due to additional payments and compensations. With this money, now you can already survive, eat well, make the necessary purchases and even save a little. There is a certain difference between capital and peripheral pensions in the country. Pensioners of the Russian Federation live differently, and we, most likely, will not see them soon, freely traveling around the world.

Poland

In matters of pensions and social standards, Poland has long been equal to Europe. The average pension for a Polish non-working pensioner is enough to live in expensive city this country - Warsaw. True, life turns out to be modest, so to speak back to back, but comfortable. Relatively low food prices, targeted subsidies for utilities and housing, as well as free medicine, drug benefits and travel allowances make life much easier for the poor. In the middle of 2000, the law prohibiting retired Poles from working was repealed, and now a working pensioner in Poland can afford to master cruises not only in his country, but also in Europe.

Finland

The absence of a maximum for the size of the pension in Suomi is enshrined in the constitution. How much you earn is all yours. The pension depends, as elsewhere, on the length of service, the nature of the activity and the size of the salary. In addition, there is a guaranteed minimum for everyone (€550). The state will pay you extra if your "working pension" is less than this amount. Few pensioners have minimum pensions in Finland. The average pension for men is €1530, for women €1200. Quite enough for a full life. The average Finn does not deny himself anything, but he does not squander either. Thrift is common to all Finns. Contribute to savings 50% concessions for travel on buses and trains, discounts in health centers and swimming pools. Those who have their own housing save a lot on renting housing for 50 square meters - about €350-500, and may well have a rest in warm regions a couple of times a year. Utility costs are also quite acceptable and not burdensome (€200-300 for 50 sq. meters). Pensioners with high pensions have homes in Portugal or Spain, where they warm their bones in winter time. There are entire villages where Finnish and Swedish pensioners live. But there is one negative feature of Finland - very weak social ties. As a rule, after the age of 18, parents let their children go swimming on their own, and they eventually place them in nursing homes. Although Finnish pensioners do not live in poverty there either. They receive everything they need in return for a pension, or some part of it. There are also pension houses with the right to rent or buy an apartment in them, where you can live with other "colleagues" under the close supervision of the nurse on duty and attendants.

Hungary

In Hungary, pensioners live modestly, but well. Pensioners here rarely earn extra money, and even then in light jobs like a caretaker in a museum or a ticket clerk in a theater. The pension received is enough to pay for the "communal", the purchase of products (meat, vegetables are not expensive here). Medicine is free, but you have to pay for some services yourself. Hungarian transport very expensive, but retirees are allowed to ride for free in the cheapest class across the country. For carriages of a higher class, you will need to pay extra.

Spain

IN last years Spain has become like a Mecca for pensioners throughout Europe. The reason for this is the low standard of living, and low prices for food and housing. European pensioners feel like fabulously rich people here. Although Spanish peers cannot be called poor, their average pension is €850-900. This pension reward is enough not only to live in the outback, but also in the capital of Catalonia - Barcelona. Most Spaniards are forced to live in rented housing, but still go to the sea once or twice a year. To help the elderly, discounts on transport, an abundance of cheap clothes, Spanish brands, and most importantly, kind people. Homes for the elderly Spaniards, they do not favor here. Both neighbors and distant relatives will help a lonely old man, but no one will even think of putting him in an almshouse.

Lithuania

Lithuania has been hit hard by the crisis. This had a negative impact on the provision of pensions for Lithuanians. At the end of 2009 and the beginning of 2010, pensions were cut twice: at first quite a bit, and then by 50-70% for all working pensioners. Rescuing Lithuanian pensioners is that they are the owners of their homes and do not pay rent, as is customary, for example, in Germany or Spain. Lithuanian pensioners who receive a state pension not from the social insurance fund, but from the budget, do not live badly. And the rest are helped to survive, after double circumcision, by numerous benefits: compensation for dental prosthetics, discounts on medicines (50%), preferential urban travel and within the country (50-80% cheaper), preferential fees for garbage collection, land rent, etc. d.

Nicaragua

$995 per month for two in Nicaragua is a true budget paradise for those who like to save money. Years of dictatorship Civil War And natural disasters turned Nicaragua into one of the poorest countries in the Western Hemisphere. In this country, everything is cheap, from food to rent. At the same time, the minimum cost of living does not mean at all that pensioners will have to sacrifice the quality of life to which they are accustomed, the authors of the study believe. $995 will be enough to rent a large apartment, pay bills and food, indulge in small entertainment (such as a movie), and even invite a cleaning lady three times a week.

Malaysia:

Malaysian pensioners receive $1,000 per month for two. A married couple easily lives there on a budget slightly over $1,000. And those who have $ 2,000 on hand can provide themselves with a truly luxurious existence. A large bag of fresh fruits, including mangoes, bananas, apples, oranges and pineapples, will cost you just $4. High-speed Internet access will cost $30 per month, cable TV - $40.

Ecuador

In Ecuador, very cheap real estate. Two people can live comfortably on a budget of $1,415, including rent and all related expenses. The newspaper notes that “many foreign residents have enough money to live comfortably and save money for travel and new hobbies. American retirees living in Ecuador often own not only houses in cities, but also country villas and even real estate in other countries - this would not be possible with a comparable budget in the United States.

Mexico

Mexico is a country of contrasts. Wealth borders on poverty, natural splendor on urban decay. Basic goods and services are cheap, but a luxurious life is usually only available to very wealthy Mexicans. However, American retirees often move to this country. Utility costs for electricity, gas, water, telephone, cable TV and internet will total $220 per month. Food expenses will not exceed $300. Medical service for two will cost $112. The main part of the budget will be "eaten up" by the rental of real estate, the average prices for which fluctuate around $800.

Great Britain

British pensioners are rightfully considered one of the richest users of public pension programs in the world. According to statistics, about 40% of all real estate in the country belongs to the elderly, and from 15 to 20% of pensioners have two houses with an average cost of 350 thousand dollars. However, according to the official report of the British National Statistics Office, most of these houses were bought in the mid-80s, when real estate in the country cost a penny. Now, 20 years later, the prices for these properties have skyrocketed by 5-10 times, so that the British, who are preparing for retirement, are unlikely to be able to acquire additional living space. However, even without it, they live by no means badly.

Full pension

Orkhan Mustafayev and Marusya Ishchenko - about those who prefer not to live in old age in their homeland

Peaches, watermelon, strawberries, yogurt - at home, Russian pensioners did not indulge themselves with such a breakfast. After Vasily and Lyudmila Mezentsev moved to Hurghada in September last year, such a table in the morning became familiar. After breakfast, they go to the public beach - it is a fifteen minute walk from their three-room apartment. On Fridays there are free days, and therefore many Russians gather, for whom the bright sun and the Red Sea are real paradise after the cold Russian life.

In Egypt, we do nothing, - says pensioner Lyudmila Mezentseva. - We have already worked out our own. We communicate with the same pensioners as we do, we take care of the house. We live for pleasure.

Vasily and Lyudmila came to Egypt from the village of Siversky Leningrad region. They live on a Russian pension of 9,000 rubles - this is their monthly budget. The help of the children, of whom the Mezentsevs have five, was never asked: they cope.

For a month we freely fit into $ 300: with food, with the Internet, with water. Could we live like this in Russia with this money?

By the blue sea

For utilities in Chinese city Arkady Vershinin leaves Harbin two times less than in his native Blagoveshchensk. So, since 2007, Arkady Vershinin spent less than a thousand rubles on water.

Can you imagine? Almost four years - only 700 rubles! - the pensioner is surprised. - I take a shower, drink tea, and whatever you want ... The only thing that is expensive in China is heating: 5,000 rubles a year.

Vershinin moved to Harbin about four years ago. I bought a spacious apartment there at unbelievable prices for Russia - 7,000 rubles per square meter. The remaining money was enough to completely renovate and furnish the new housing.

In principle, I didn’t have much money, - says Arkady Artemovich. - For this money, I could not even buy a room in a hostel in Blagoveshchensk.

Alexander Gasilov from Yekaterinburg a year ago paid about 2,000 rubles for a one-room Khrushchev apartment of 33 square meters. Now he pays half as much for a "odnushka" 50 square meters in the Bulgarian Burgas.

In summer, we spend 700-800 rubles for a one-room apartment, well, up to a thousand, - says Gasilov. - In winter, more - the air conditioner is constantly working. There are no batteries, no heating. Winters are warm. In general, two things are expensive in Bulgaria: electricity and gasoline. Everything else is much cheaper here.

A pensioner bought a one-room apartment in a Bulgarian new building for 760 thousand rubles (in Yekaterinburg, Gasilov’s native city, a similar apartment on the secondary market costs one and a half million). Repair cost another 100 thousand. He rents an apartment in his homeland, having from this 15 thousand rubles a month - a good increase, given that the pension is 9 thousand.

I found out how much the tenants in my apartment are now paying for a communal apartment - 2600 rubles! - Gasilov is indignant. - Tariffs are being raised all the time, but living conditions are not improving. And how many times during the year do we turn off the water? ..

But in his Bulgarian apartment, the water was turned off only once a year - and then for one day. This was announced in advance by radio, television, notified all the residents.

Vasily and Lyudmila Mezentsev's water is not turned off at all - it is imported from them, it is stored near the house in tanks that are regularly filled. For a three-room apartment in Hurghada, they gave 900 thousand rubles - this is at least half of what they would pay for housing in the Leningrad region. For Egyptian utilities, by Russian standards, the Mezentsevs pay a penny: water - 150 rubles, gas - 35 rubles per cylinder (it lasts for five months).

For electricity, the tariff is about a ruble fifty per kilowatt. This is if it runs 300 kV. If it's more, prices go up, - says Vasily. - In general, utilities here in each district are paid differently. For unlimited internet, for example, we give 750 rubles.

The Internet is perhaps the only thing in Hurghada that has been affected by the recent revolutionary events - there was no access to the Web for several days. Russian pensioners, as well as other foreigners, were not touched by the unrest. When all the tourists were taken out, the neighbors approached the Mezentsevs - to support, to reassure.

Lyudmila says: "The unrest did not even affect food prices. The only thing is that glass jars were removed from the counters in supermarkets, apparently fearing pogroms. And then not for long."

Food in Egypt is really not expensive: a kilogram of oranges - 12 rubles, a kilogram of tomatoes - 12 rubles, a kilogram of cucumbers - 15 rubles. True, apples are expensive - 40 rubles per kilogram.

The same low prices in Bulgaria.

Very little is spent on food, - says Alexander Gasilov. - In April, I spent 97 euros on food and household needs. I had to buy a screwdriver, screws and medicines.

Of the 600 euros that Alexander Gasilov receives from his pension and renting out an apartment, half goes to utilities and other obligatory expenses. He saves the rest of the money to buy a car. There is no customs duty here, cars are cheap and for 1000 euros you can buy a used car on the go. The pensioner has already purchased a 46-inch TV, stereo and satellite dish. Now he receives 85 Russian channels: geographically he is in Bulgaria, and in his thoughts - in Russia.

Pension project

For a 71-year-old pensioner, Vershinin lives even too busy a life: four days a week he works in two firms as an assistant translator, goes swimming, meets friends, and when there is time, he improves his language. Several times he starred in episodic roles in Chinese TV series. At home, the pensioner is sure, old age would have developed differently: "At this age, the most trump card position is a watchman."

Arkady Artemovich works at two jobs not only because of money - he just wants to be useful.

Alexander Gasilov saved up money for Bulgaria, working as the head of maintenance and repair services in the government Sverdlovsk region. The closer the retirement was, the more he understood: he had nothing to do in his old age in Yekaterinburg. He retired early at age 58. Then he was registered with the employment office for six months and left his homeland at 59, having received a pension in his hands. In a word, he carefully prepared for his "pension project".

The Mezentsevs were also going to Bulgaria, but changed their minds: housing is more expensive there, and the climate is not suitable for Lyudmila with allergies. Family circumstances also pushed for the move: three sons lived with them.

Our boys are already adults - 28, 26 and 24 years old, - says Lyudmila Mezentseva. - We had two families living in one room, one family in the second room and we in the third. That is, it was necessary either to buy housing for their children, or to move somewhere themselves. We did not have enough money for housing in Russia, and we decided that it would be easier for us to buy housing in Egypt. We came here as tourists, we found out everything in advance.

Moving to a foreign country was accompanied by many fears. What if there are language problems? Suddenly you need help, but there will be no one to call? What to do if we get sick? But everything turned out to be simple: Russian is understood even in non-tourist areas, you can always turn to public organizations or the Russian consulate for help, and in the hospital they serve with medical insurance purchased in Russia. The Mezentsevs do not miss their homeland, because they live here "as in the Union" - Ukrainians, Balts, Belarusians - they are all like one big family.

Vladimir Nazarov from the Yegor Gaidar Institute for Economic Policy believes that the migration of our pensioners abroad is explained by the departure of Russian society from the patriarchal model.

We adopt the lifestyle of developed countries. The patriarchal structure of the family breaks up, when relatives are not a single step away from each other. That is, care for the elderly becomes predominantly material and guardianship over the young is reduced. Grandparents no longer necessarily wash windows, floors and cook borscht for their grandchildren and other younger relatives. People have a desire and an opportunity to spend their old age differently, even away from their families.

But, of course, not everyone likes the Western model. So, disagreements arose in the Vershinin family. Arkady Artemovich is sure that in retirement it is already possible to live for yourself. His wife stayed with her grandchildren in Blagoveshchensk:

And I can't watch her cackle at her grandchildren until she's old. I immediately told her: "I'm at such an age that I don't owe anything to anyone."

Wealthy pensioner

To fly to Egypt or Bulgaria for permanent residence, a Russian pensioner needs to buy real estate in this country and draw up documents.

In addition to the documents, you also need to show the status that you are not just a "pensioner", but a "secured pensioner," explains Gasilov. "This means that you have an account opened in a Bulgarian bank for at least 1,500 euros. And plus you have a pension, which is confirmed by a certificate from the Pension Fund. Then you can get required visa.

In Egypt, the process of filing documents is buried in bureaucratic delays.

They put a visa there and say: come back in two weeks, then in two more, - says Lyudmila Mezentseva from Hurghada. - Of course, it's a chore to go to the officials.

If a pensioner has not extended his visa, he will be fined $30 at the airport. Therefore, some live without documents at all.

In China, violations in paperwork are treated more simply. Arkady Vershinin arrived in Harbin with a one-year visa and forgot to register. And according to the rules, this procedure must be completed within 24 hours.

And I did it a year later! I came to their militia with a friend who is an interpreter, and they ask me: why didn’t you register? I said: I'm old, my memory is bad... He waved his hand and said only to pay a fine - 500 yuan. I began to show my documents, including the apartment. He says: "So you bought an apartment? Are you going to live here? So why do you need a visa? Live in a way that touches you?" I explained that I had to travel at least once a year to collect my pension. He said, "Oh, well then, okay." Our police would have milked me to the ruble.

Old people don't belong here

Our care system for the elderly is not set up to help in emergency situations, - says Vladimir Nazarov. - At best, a social worker comes, and then from time to time. The list of services provided by the state is very limited. The rest - for money, and for big ones. Even in nursing homes in some regions the queue for years. And then you are not very welcome there, and the quality of the service leaves much to be desired. Therefore, pensioners tend to countries where conditions are more adapted.

When the conditions for the elderly in Russia will improve is a big question. Therefore, the number of pensioners who decide to spend their old age abroad, and not at home, will apparently increase as the well-being of the population grows.

The optimal solution for the country would be the development of services for the care of the elderly and medical services in regions with favorable climatic and environmental conditions, - says Vladimir Nazarov, - if, again, a certain market was created, pensioners from Moscow could not go abroad , and in the warm regions of Russia. It would be optimal and profitable.

Orkhan Mustafaev, Marusya Ishchenko

According to Metrinfo magazine, 8% Russian citizens after retirement, they are ready to leave the country to live in a more comfortable European environment. Today we'll talk aboutHow can a pensioner go abroad to live?how expensive it can be to obtain official status in a European country and.

Best Countries for Retirement: 10 Selection Criteria

First of all, any person who retires and thinks about immigrating to Europe is puzzled by the choice of a country to live in. What criteria are used most often by older people?

1. The ability to quickly and easily buy or rent real estate, as well as its value.
2. Availability of medical services.
3. The daily cost of living in the country.
4. The price of food, services.
5. Ease of adaptation to a new place.
6. Ease of learning the language of the country.
7. The presence of a Russian-speaking diaspora in the country.
8. The degree of infrastructure development for pensioners.
9. Climate comfort, quantity sunny days in a year.
10. Risk of natural disasters.

These are just the main criteria by which pensioners from the CIS countries choose a country to live in. According to our observations, the mistake of many lies in the fact that customers pay little attention to such a criterion as ease of obtainingResidence permit in Europe for pensioners.

Residence permit in Europe for pensioners: where is it easier to get?

Whatever the advantages of such EU countries as Germany, France, the Netherlands, the Scandinavian states, their governments extremely strict quotas for immigrants to obtain a residence permit and, moreover, permanent residence and citizenship. In our practice, we are faced with the fact that many pensioners are not aware of the existence of completely legal and simple programs for obtaining a residence permit for investment in a number of developed European countries.

The best option can beHungary. This country is suitable even if you have not yet decided where exactly in the EU you want to live and want to explore various options directly in practice.Residence permit status here can be obtained in just 3 weeks.

For this, it is necessary to invest in the Hungarian economy.300 thousand euroswhich the state is guaranteed to return to you within 5 years. The return on investment covers all costs for the execution and support of the case, and for this moment this is the most attractive European offer. More60 thousand euroswill go to the registration of the status, and after 6 months you will be able to get a lifelong permanent residence.

Pensioners who decide to settle in Hungary most often buy property in resorts located in the forest zone, near healing springs. In Hungarian villages, houses and cottages are inexpensive, andaverage price of resort real estate - 50 thousand euros.

Having received official status in Hungary, a pensioner draws up medical insurance in the fund health insurance at the place of residence.social insurance worth everything 20 euros per yearand guarantees the European quality of medicine.private insurancewith coverage for the entire European Union will cost1500-2000 eurosin year. Most often, it covers all supportive and rehabilitation procedures.

Note that Russian pensioners will not be able to count on medical benefits in Hungary, but the same rule applies to other EU countries. Calling an emergency ambulance is free. At the same time, services for treatment in private clinics in Hungary are low, and the qualifications of doctors correspond to the pan-European level.

Where is it better for a pensioner to emigrate from Russia?

In order to better understand which country is best suited for immigration to pensioners, you can study the latest rating studies. In particular, the International Living magazine (USA) found out that among European countries, the best prepared for the life of pensionersMalta, Spain and Portugal.

Real estate prices in Spanish and Portuguese resorts start from 60 thousand euros. The standard of living here corresponds to the European one. Malta is considered one of the European countries with a high quality of life.

The conditions for obtaining official status in Spain and Portugal are similar, while Malta offers a more expensive option for obtaining citizenship by investment. All three countries recognize double citizenship, so there is no need to refuse the first passport.

In 2015 the winner of the rating best countries for the life of retirees, the Global Retirement Index has becomeSwitzerland. The study was conducted by Natixis Global Asset Management. Authoritative Forbes magazine, in turn, calls the most comfortable country for retirementAustria.

Undoubtedly, the quality of life in both countries (access to healthcare and other public goods, social security and safety, etc.) is the highest possible. There are also investment programs for immigrants, but they are suitable for wealthy people.

How to receive a pension abroad?

Many elderly Russians who want to immigrate to Europe receive fairly high pensions and are concerned about getting their money back. According to the law, when they go to live abroad, they do not lose the right to receive pensions. Russian state. The process is regulated by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of July 8, 2002 N 510 “On approval of the Regulations on the procedure for paying pensions to citizens leaving (left) for permanent residence outside the Russian Federation".

To transfer a pension abroad, a pensioner must contact the diplomatic or consular representation of the Russian Federation in their country of residence. After passing the standard verification procedure, the pension will be transferred directly to his address by the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation.

For people who retired before 2015, pensions are transferred to foreign accounts in foreign currency at the current exchange rate (according to Article 24, paragraph 2 of the Federal Law of the Russian Federation of December 17, 2001 No. 173-FZ “On labor pensions in the Russian Federation”).

However, since January 1, 2015, in accordance with the requirements of the reform of the Russian pension system, the procedure for paying citizens living abroad has changed significantly (Article 27, Clause 2 of the Federal Law of the Russian Federation of December 28, 2013 No. 400-FZ “On Insurance Pensions”). For persons who retired after the specified date, pension accruals will be made only in rubles and to accounts located in Russia. Money can also be paid by proxy.

You also need to take into account that, having refused a pension from Russia, in the EU you can only count on a minimum social benefit.

The best countries for retirees: your choice

The process of choosing a suitable country is individual in each case. It is necessary to pay attention not only to the general criteria for residence, but also to the accessibility of the country for migrants. In order not to make a mistake with the choice and not stumble upon one of the many pitfalls, contact qualified specialists. Recall that pensioners are one of the most frequent objects for fraud in the preparation of documents for immigration. Therefore, it is better to trust an organization or company with many years of experience and a serious reputation.

If you are still in the process of choosing a country, we invite you to continue visiting our blog. In the following articles, we will tell you about facts about immigration that you will hardly find on the Internet. Subscribe to our news and get the latest information.

Moving for permanent residence of pensioners abroad is becoming increasingly popular. Labor activity is completed, and it would be time to retire, rest, heal. But is this possible in our country with a minimum pension of 6,000 rubles? More than half of the amount will immediately go to pay utility bills, and the remaining pennies will go to food. Therefore, many future pensioners, a couple of years before retirement, begin to think about how to leave for permanent residence in another country that is warmer or more generous to its citizens.

Options for obtaining permanent residence for a pensioner

It's no secret that nowadays quite a large number of countries offer pension immigration programs, which can be used by almost anyone old man. Undoubtedly, not everyone has the courage to do this, but if you want to seriously consider this option, we offer you an overview of several of the most popular senior immigration programs.

Finland. A close and convenient option for retirees.

Finland is not far from Russia, and it is quite logical that Finland is considered as the first option for moving to permanent residence. From any corner northern country you can easily get to your homeland to visit, bring gifts, and it is also convenient to invite relatives. Russian pensioners who moved to Finland receive documents confirming permanent residence in 2-3 years.

Social Security in Finland, he does not limp: if a lonely elderly person of retirement age does not have money to rent an apartment, he is assigned to a nursing home, similar to a Russian sanatorium with separate apartments and round-the-clock care. In addition, senior citizens receive benefits.

Finland is a great option for Russian pensioners. There are no special restrictions to move here, and the amount required for the first time is not particularly large - for the first time, 60-80 thousand rubles will be required. However, it is worth considering that in Finland the retirement age is 63-65 years.

Italy. An excellent option for permanent residence for pensioners in a warm and sunny country.

Good social programs for pensioners also exist in Italy. Social security works with full dedication, paperwork is fast and timely. To obtain permanent residence in Italy, you need to live there on a continuous visa for 5 years. Pensioners-immigrants need to open a bank account, as well as contact the social security authorities.

To obtain a residence permit, it is better to contact a Russian-speaking lawyer living in Italy. However, future Italians are not provided with housing, so for the first time they will have to rent an apartment, later acquire residential real estate or think about the benefits of long-term rent. It is better to take 6-10 thousand euros with you. The bigger, the better.

Thailand. An exotic option for permanent residence.

Pensioners in Thailand will not have to rest, but there is an opportunity to enjoy wonderful climate, remarkable ecology and complacency of the population. No one here will help with moving to permanent residence, but housing is cheap (from 3,000 rubles a month), and there are few problems with work. True, you will have to work physically, since many types of activities are prohibited to foreigners.

To get citizenship, you have to open own business or find family ties in Thailand. Retirees can move to permanent residence if they are ready to have a small, income-generating business in this developing country South-East Asia. It will take approximately 6 million baht to set up a business.

Israel. An excellent option, though not available for all pensioners.

If you have Jewish roots, you can quickly move to warm and hospitable Israel under the repatriation program. Pensioners are paid a ticket to their "historical homeland", after moving they are given an allowance - about $ 300 per month for a year.

Since people retire in Israel at the age of 60-63, this factor must be taken into account. If you moved here before the start of your retirement period, you will need to look for a job. By social program immigrant pensioners receive free treatment here, they also find a job (most often in the service sector). Before you go for permanent residence in Israel, it is better to stock up on money in advance. Life in this country is an expensive pleasure, for the first time it is better to have several tens of thousands of dollars in your pocket.

Brazil. A distant and exotic option for moving to permanent residence.

But what if you wanted to get a residence permit in distant and warm Brazil, a country familiar from TV shows? Very exotic and attractive. However, in all countries South America there is an unspoken rule for immigrants: you can get here only if you marry a citizen of the country or as a foreign investor.

So if you have big savings, you can try to buy commercial real estate in the country and create your own business, and then live comfortably in a villa by the sea. This is an expensive option, but cheap products, the atmosphere of an eternal holiday and good climate everyone redeems. For a comfortable device for permanent residence in this country, several hundred thousand US dollars will be required, which is realistic only when selling an apartment and other real estate in Russia.

There are excellent conditions for Russian pensioners in Canada, Australia, Holland, Portugal, Great Britain and Bulgaria. These countries have a pension program that provides pensioners with benefits and housing. So moving for permanent residence to another country is a great decision that can be the beginning of a beautiful and cloudless life in retirement.