7 wonders of the world information briefly the most important. Seven Wonders of the World - photos and descriptions of the great mysteries of history

New seven wonders of the world- organized in the West elections of new seven "wonders of the world" from the famous architectural structures of the world, the name of which became known July 7, 2007. Thus, three sevens are obtained ( 777 ). Voting took place via SMS, telephone or the Internet.

List and description with photos of 7 new wonders of the world

In 2007, the following new wonders were selected:

• Petra

In our article we will describe them in more detail and show a photo.

The great Wall of China

An architectural monument in northern China. Construction began in the 3rd century BC. e. during the reign of Emperor Qin Shi-huangdi (Qin Dynasty), during the "Warring States" period (475-221 BC). The wall was supposed to protect the subjects of the "Middle Empire" from the transition to a semi-nomadic way of life, from merging with the barbarians and was supposed to clearly fix the boundaries of Chinese civilization, contribute to the consolidation of a single empire, just made up of a number of conquered kingdoms. The total length of all its lines is 6350 km.

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Taj Mahal

taj mahal- a mausoleum located in Agra (India), on the banks of the Jumna River. Built by order of the Mughal emperor Shah Jahan in memory of his wife Mumtaz Mahal, who died in childbirth. It is a five-domed structure 74 m high on a platform, with 4 minarets at the corners, which is adjoined by a garden with fountains and a pool. The walls are made of polished translucent marble (which was brought to the construction site 300 km away) with inlaid gemstones.

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The largest of the ancient Roman amphitheaters and one of the most remarkable structures in the world. It is located in Rome, in a hollow between the Equillian, Palatine and Caelius hills.

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Petra

Petra- the capital of Edom or Idumea, later the capital of the Nabataean kingdom, main city sons of Esau. The city is located on the territory of modern Jordan. Now palaces, temples, tombs, an ancient theater and numerous other buildings have been discovered in Petra, which have been very well preserved to our time, and all are carved in stone.

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The statue of Christ, 38 meters high, is located on Mount Corcovado (Brazil) at an altitude of 710 meters above sea level. Tourists can get to it by funicular.

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Ruins of the Inca city. Located at the top mountain range at an altitude of 2057 meters above the valley of the Urubamba River in modern Peru. These are mainly temples, residences, warehouses and other premises for public needs. For the most part they are built of well-worked stone, slabs tightly fitted to each other. It is believed that up to 1,200 people lived in and around it.

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The political and cultural center of the Maya in the north of the Yucatan Peninsula (Mexico).

The concept of “Seven Wonders of the World”, familiar to our ears, was born in antiquity, more than 2 thousand years ago. Since then, it has been uniting the famous creations of ancient architecture.

Let's remember what is included in these "miracles". After all, to this day they practically did not survive.

Pyramid of Cheops in Egypt

The only exception is the pyramid of Cheops. She is already 4.5 thousand years old, but she still impresses with her grandeur. Construction was carried out for 20 years, and tens of thousands of Egyptians and slaves participated in it. Another hundred thousand were busy delivering blocks. Construction was completed around 2560 BC.

"Hanging Gardens" of Babylon in Iraq

The next miracle is the "hanging gardens" of Babylon. Their purpose was to please the beauty, the wife of King Nebuchadnezzar P
The gardens rose in four tiers. From a distance it seemed that they were rising above the ground. In fact, it was very difficult to build structures in which, like in huge pots, not only flowers and shrubs, but also trees would grow. Both stones and lead plates were used. It was also necessary to bring and pour here a sufficiently large layer of fertile land.
It is not surprising that in arid Babylon, such an oasis seemed like a real miracle.

Statue of Zeus in Greece

In Greece there was a third "miracle" - a statue of Zeus. In the 5th c. BC. a temple was built here in honor of the most important Greek god. Naturally, inside the temple was his statue. The 20-meter Zeus sat on the throne, overwhelming the believers with his splendor. It was not just a sculpture. The wooden body was covered with ivory. The robe of the god, of course, shone with gold.

Temple of Artemis in Turkey

Where the current Türkiye lies, in the era of antiquity there was a temple of Artemis. It was built in the 6th century. BC. by order of King Croesus. The greatness and power of the goddess was to emphasize her statue. Ivory was the basis for the manufacture. As well as 127 tall columns, as if supporting a huge structure.
The temple was burned down in 356 BC. But forever remained in the memory of people.

Mausoleum at Halicarnassus Türkiye

The next "miracle" was again in Turkey. This is the mausoleum at Halicarnassus. It became the tomb for Mausolus, the ruler of Caria, who lived in the 4th century BC. This structure, although inferior in height to the pyramid of Cheops, still reached a considerable height - 46 m. ​​It was framed by columns, and crowned with a statue of a chariot.

Colossus of Rhodes in Greece

The sixth "miracle" can be called the statue of the sun god - Helios. Its other name is the Colossus of Rhodes. This statue stood in Greece in the 3rd century BC. So the Greeks decided to thank their beloved god. They believed that it was Helios who helped them survive the fight against the invaders, survive the siege. In the hand of the young god was a torch, as if illuminating the way for ships sailing to the port of Rhodes and leaving it. Six and a half decades later, the statue was destroyed by an earthquake.

At the moment, they want to restore the statue to attract tourists.

By the way, in the famous series "Game of Thrones" there is a similar sculpture

Lighthouse of Alexandria in Egypt

The world also lost the seventh "miracle" as a result of the trembling of the soil. This is the lighthouse of Alexandria, which in the 3rd century BC. was in Egypt, on the island of Pharos. For that time it was a huge tower. According to historians, its height reached 120 m. But even more surprising was the way in which the lighthouse sent light to the ships. At its top, the attendants kept the fire burning, and mirrors made of metal in a special way directed the light into the distance.

Sailors who were 60 km from the port saw a distant spark in the night. It was a fire burning at the top of the lighthouse. The most difficult thing was to deliver enough firewood for the fire. For this purpose, carts and mules were used. They climbed up the spiral staircase.

In the series "Game of Thrones" they also beat their version Lighthouse of Alexandria

Even now, after thousands of years, we respect these creations of the hands of ancient masters. What can we say about how their contemporaries perceived them! Indeed, they were miracles, you can’t say better.

New "Seven Wonders of the World" of the modern world.

Since almost all of these incomparable creations have been lost, the Swiss Bernard Weber proposed to implement the New Seven Wonders of the World project. The results were announced on July 7, 2007. Magic number "7".

Great Wall of China in China

Of course, the Great Chinese Wall, which at one time protected the state from nomads. The wall was also supposed to unite the empire that had just formed, to help its peoples unite.
The construction lasted for many years, in the most difficult conditions, when there were no roads, there were not enough necessary materials. But the result is great. There is no other such thing on our planet. architectural structure. The wall stretches for 8851.8 km. Every year over 40 million tourists come to see this miracle.

Amphitheater Colosseum in Italy

The largest amphitheater, the Colosseum, which has survived from the time of ancient rome, and now constituting one of the main attractions of Italy. The name "Colosseum" also comes from the word "colossus". To the Romans, the amphitheater seemed truly huge. After all, then the buildings reached a height of 8-10 m. Against their background, the Colosseum looked majestic. Once upon a time, thousands of guests flocked here to watch the famous gladiator fights.

The ancient Inca city of Machu Picchu in Peru

On the territory of the present state of Peru is ancient city Inca Machu Picchu. Its location is unique - on the tops of the mountains, in the heart of the inaccessible Andes. Despite all the achievements of science, the secrets of Machu Picchu have not yet been fully unraveled. It is also called the "city among the clouds" and is associated with the name of the ruler of Pachacutec. The residence of the ruler, located at an altitude of 2450 m, was unattainable for enemies. And for those who were on earth, it seemed that it was fitting for the ruler to live next door to the gods. Most likely, the city was built in the 15th century. Even today you can go there along the path of ancient pilgrims, you just need to tune in to the fact that the hike will take several days.
But you will see a majestic spectacle - Mountain peaks and ancient city. Beauties of llamas also graze here.

Ancient city - Petra in Jordan

Another ancient city - Petra - is located in present-day Jordan. The peculiarity of this city is that it is carved out of stone. Otherwise, it would have been impossible to build it here in the Siq Canyon. Bare stones, sheer cliffs, narrow gorges - such a panorama opens up to the eyes of tourists. But even here people lived and fought with enemies. Truly, a person is able to inhabit any place!

Taj Mahal Temple in India

Compared to this ascetic haven of ancient people, the Taj Mahal temple in India seems to be a symbol of beauty and harmony. Probably there is no better creation in Indian architecture. This temple is a mausoleum. It was built by order of Emperor Shah Jahan. His beloved wife died unexpectedly during childbirth, and the inconsolable husband decided to perpetuate her memory in this way - by erecting a most beautiful temple. Today there is not a tourist coming to India who would not like to see the Taj Mahal. This temple is located in the city of Agra.

Statue of Christ in Brazil

The sixth of the new wonders of the world was the statue of Christ in Brazil. On Mount Corcovado, in the city of Rio de Janeiro, the merciful Lord spread His hands over the people. This is Christ the Redeemer. It is symbolic that when thunderstorms rage here, lightning often hits the statue. After all, she is the high point around. The height of this figure is 38 m, and it weighs more than 1145 tons. After a lightning strike, it is necessary to eliminate the damage caused to the reinforced concrete sculpture. Since they could not create such a huge figure in Brazil, they made the sculpture in France. Delivered it to Brazil in parts.

The seventh miracle was another ancient city of Chichen Itza. It belonged to the Maya Indians, and is located in Mexico. It was here that the Mayans gathered for prayers, and here, as nowhere else, they felt the presence of God. And today people feel awe, approaching the pyramids that were built by representatives ancient civilization. The most famous is the temple of El Castillo in honor of the god Kukulkan
All these sights, which have only recently received the proud status of "New Wonders of the World", have long become the true treasures of our cultural heritage. The flow of tourists does not dry out, eager to see these marvelous places with their own eyes. And it is gratifying that the “baton” of the ancient “miracles” was taken over by no less remarkable, but accessible for viewing, “new miracles”.

For a long time, sages and travelers made a list of 7 wonders of the world, they added the most beautiful and most majestic buildings of the whole world in their opinion.

Initially, in the 5th century BC. There were only 3 wonders of the world on the list. After that, in the 3rd century BC, thanks to the poem of Antipater from Sidon, 4 more wonders of the world were added to the list and so the list was named 7 wonders of the world.

The list of the seven ancient wonders of the world includes the most famous monuments art of the ancient world. For their beauty, uniqueness and technical complexity, they were called miracles.

The list has changed over time, but the number of miracles included in it has remained unchanged. According to some versions, the ancient Greek engineer and mathematician Philo of Byzantium, who lived in the 3rd century BC, is considered the author of the classic version of the list. e.

1. Egyptian pyramids

The Egyptian pyramids top the list of the Ancient Seven Wonders of the World, which is not surprising, since they are the only wonders of the world that have survived to this day. These stone structures become the greatest monuments ancient Egyptian architecture. They served as tombs for the Egyptian pharaohs and were supposed to provide eternal housing for the immortal spirit of the rulers. The period of construction of the pyramids refers to the II-III millennium BC. During this time, more than a hundred of these structures were built. The largest of them is the pyramid of Cheops. Its original height was 146.6 m, and the length of the side face was 230.33 m. However, time and earthquakes have somewhat changed its appearance, and by now the height of this majestic structure reaches only 138.8 m, and the length of the side face is ~ 225 m .other Egyptian pyramids significantly inferior to it in size.

hanging gardens were built in 600 BC. by order of the Babylonian king Nebuchadnezzar II. It is believed that this was done to entertain his wife, who longed for the greenery of her homeland in dusty Babylon. The Hanging Gardens were a four-tiered pyramid, outwardly resembling a flowering hill. The lower tier is an irregular quadrangle, the smallest side of which was 34 m, the largest - 42 m. The tiers were supported by columns, the height of which reached 25 m. Each tier was covered with a layer of fertile soil on which various plants could be planted.

Although the wife of the Babylonian king was called Amitas, the name of the Hanging Gardens is traditionally associated with the name of the legendary Assyrian ruler Semiramis.

The famous statue of Zeus, the supreme god of the ancient Greek pantheon, was created by the great sculptor and architect Phidias. It was intended for the temple of Zeus, located in Olympia - the city in which the Olympic Games. The frame of the statue was made of wood, on which ivory plates imitating naked skin were pasted. Hair, beard, wreath, clothes and shoes were made of gold, and eyes were made of precious stones. IN right hand Zeus held the goddess of victory, Nike, also made of ivory and gold.

In 393, the Roman emperor Theodosius I banned the Olympic Games as a pagan event. At the beginning of the 5th century, the statue of Zeus was transported to Constantinople, where after some time it died in a fire.

4. Temple of Artemis at Ephesus

In 550 BC, in the city of Ephesus, located in Asia Minor, the construction of a temple dedicated to the goddess Artemis was completed. It was a large white stone building, but history has not preserved it. detailed description. In 356 BC a resident of Ephesus named Herostratus burned it in order to glorify his name. However, by the beginning of the 3rd century A.D. e. A new one was built on the site of the burnt church. The second temple of Artemis was larger than the previous one. Its width was 51 m, and its length was 105 m. The roof of the temple was supported by 127 18-meter columns installed in 8 rows. Inside the temple were installed statues of its builders - Praxiteles and Skopas.

At the end of the 4th century AD, the temple was closed by order of the Roman emperor Theodosius I, and then partially dismantled for new buildings.

This tomb was built in the middle of the 4th century BC. e. in the city of Halicarnassus, located on the territory of modern Turkey. It became a tomb for King Mausolus, the ruler of one of the regions of Asia Minor, and was named after him as a mausoleum. The tomb of Mausolus is a brick building lined with white marble. The Roman writer and historian Pliny the Elder claimed that the length of this structure was 60 m, and the height was 46 m.

This mausoleum existed for almost two thousand years and was finally destroyed only in the 16th century, when the knights of St. John dismantled its remains for the construction of a fortress.

In the III century BC, this giant statue was installed on Greek island Rhodes. Work on it lasted about 20 years. The result was a clay statue with a metal frame, trimmed with bronze sheets and depicting the sun god Helios. The height of this colossus, standing on a white marble pedestal, almost reached 36 m. About 13 tons of bronze and 8 tons of iron were spent on its manufacture.

The Colossus of Rhodes stood in its place for only 56 years. As a result of what happened in 222 BC. earthquake, he broke at the knees and fell. This is where the expression "colossus with feet of clay" comes from. In 977 A.D. e. what was left of the statue was sold to merchants. According to the chronicles, the wreckage was enough to load 900 camels with them. As one of the Colossi of Rhodes, it was first mentioned by the ancient Greek author Philo of Byzantium.

7.

Around 280 BC, on the small Mediterranean island of Pharos, located near the port of Alexandria, the construction of the world's first lighthouse was completed. This work took about 20 years. The height of the lighthouse of Alexandria was 135 m, and the light from it was visible at a distance exceeding 60 km. At the top of the lighthouse, a fire burned constantly, the light from which was directed into the sea with the help of polished bronze plates. During the day, a column of smoke served as a guide for sailors.

In the 12th century A.D. e. The bay of Alexandria was no longer used due to silt filling, and the Pharos lighthouse lost its significance. In the XIV century, it was damaged by an earthquake, and then dismantled by Muslims to build a fortress.

They are called "the new seven wonders of the world » , monuments that won an international competition held by the New Open World Corporation inspired by the list of the seven wonders ancient world. The initiative came from the Swiss director Bernard Weber.The vote was public, in which more than a hundred million people took part. It was the first mass voting via internet, phone and text messages in history, open to participants worldwide. The New Wonders Announcement Ceremony was broadcast on live on over 160 TV channels in over 170 countries. Of the seven wonders modern world, six have been declared World Heritage by UNESCO.

So, let's get acquainted with the seven new wonders of the world.

This wonder of the world is located in a narrow valley, on the edge of the Arabian Desert, between the mountains south of Dead Sea. The city of Petra was the capital of the Nabatean Empire, ruled by King Aretas IV (9 BC to 40 AD). The most famous remains of Peter are certainly his rock-cut structures; in particular the buildings known as Khazne (treasury) and Deir (monastery).

Petra, which means "stone" in Greek, survived for so many years thanks to the fact that most of its "buildings" were carved into solid stone walls. This is perhaps the most exciting ancient city that has stood up to today. It was discovered by the Swiss explorer Johann Ludwig Burckhardt in 1812. Petra has also been called an object world heritage UNESCO and is part of the New 7 Wonders of the World.

This new wonder of the world was built between 220 BC. and 1644 AD The purpose of this building was the need to link the existing fortifications into a single defense system in order to defend the country from the invasion of the Mongol tribes. It is the largest monument ever built by man and the only one visible from space. The wall is estimated to be 8,851 kilometers long, from the Korean border to the edge of the Yalu River in the Gobi Desert, and is 6 to 7 meters high and 4 to 5 meters wide. At the peak of the Ming era, more than one million warriors guarded the wall.

Declared a World Heritage Site in 1987, this monument is considered the largest cemetery in the world (about 10 million workers died during construction), and is now one of the new wonders of the world.

3. Taj Mahal in Agra

The Taj Mahal was created between 1631 and 1654 in the city of Agra, in the state of Uttar Pradesh on the banks of the Yamuna River, by order of Shah Jahan, the fifth Mughal emperor, in memory of his beloved late wife. This mausoleum consists of four minarets, each with over 13 floors. It is estimated that 20,000 workers were needed for its construction.

Built with white marble, against the backdrop of gardens, this new wonder of the world is considered the ultimate gem of Muslim art in India, and combines elements of Indian, Persian, Islamic and even Turkish architecture. Please note that the Taj Mahal is on our list " «.

Interesting fact: The Mughal emperor Shah Jahan was deposed by one of his children and was finished contemplating and admiring the Taj Mahal from his window for the rest of his days.

4. Colosseum in Rome

Amphitheater of the Roman Empire, built in the first century, in the center of Rome. In ancient times it had a capacity for 50,000 spectators and was the largest amphitheater ever built in the empire. Construction began in AD 70 by Emperor Vespasian, was completed in AD 80 by Emperor Titus, and some changes were made during the reign of Domitian. The place is dedicated to public entertainment, such as gladiator fights, various performances, etc. Currently, it is not only one of the most famous, but also a new wonder of the world.

5. Chichen Itza in Mexico

7. Statue of Christ the Redeemer in Rio de Janeiro

Christ the Redeemer in Rio de Janeiro is a symbol of love and a call to brotherhood. The statue is located at an altitude of 709 meters above sea level and is located in the city of Rio de Janeiro, on top of Mount Corcovado. Overall Height- 38 m, 8 belong to the pedestal. This new wonder of the world was built on October 12, 1931, after about five years of work.

The creation of this religious monument in the city was first proposed in 1859 by a priest Pedro Maria Boss and Princess Elizabeth. The idea was revived in 1921, on the eve of the centenary of Independence Day.

CANDIDATES FOR THE TITLE OF THE NEW WONDERS OF THE WORLD

There are other beautiful places in the world that could have been on the list of the new seven wonders of the world, but did not make it there. Therefore, I think it will be interesting to learn about them, at least in the photo.

1. Pyramids of Giza in Cairo
   
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Seven wonders of the world.
Our world is full of unusual and wonderful places that everyone should visit! Think for yourself, what do we live for, for the sake of new gadgets and financial well-being? Isn't it better to see the world, travel and discover more and more new horizons of the unknown? We start reviewing the best and most beautiful places our planet!
Undoubtedly the greatest interest seven wonders of the world are summoned from the whole world, which every person, young and old, should know about! In this article, we will briefly describe each of the 7 wonders of the world, and by clicking on the title and following the link, you can learn more about the place that interests you the most.

After the victory over the Macedonian king Demetrius II, the inhabitants of the island of Rhodes decided to perpetuate a significant event giant statue the god of the Sun - Helios, who was considered the patron saint of the island. The sculptor Hares, a student of Lysippus from the city of Lind, took up the construction. From bronze, by casting, a forty-meter statue was created. This required more than thirteen tons of bronze and eight tons of iron. Helios, depicted in full growth, stood on a pedestal of stone blocks fastened with iron. The construction lasted twelve years, and how insulting it was for the inhabitants of the island after about 60 years, when the statue was destroyed by a powerful earthquake. Learn more about the magnificent statue on Rhodes by reading the detailed material -.

The architect Libon from the city of Elis erected a temple that was entirely dedicated to the sky god Zeus. Built of limestone blocks, measuring 30x65 meters, the temple was decorated with pediments depicting battles and metopes with paintings depicting the exploits of Hercules. Inside the building was huge statue Zeus seated on a throne, about fifteen meters high. To the sculpture made of wood, plates of ivory and gold were attached. Sandals, clothes and a wreath on the head were completely gold. In 476, the statue was transported to Constantinople, where it burned down in a fire. Read more about the construction and fate of the statue in the material -

Alexandria, founded in 332 BC, was a peculiar cultural center. Here were the great architects, mathematicians, scientists, poets, astronomers. To ensure the safety of ships approaching from the sea, a lighthouse 125 meters high was erected! The first floor was made in the form of a rectangle oriented to the cardinal points. The length of each side was more than thirty meters. The second floor faced with marble had eight faces and was oriented in the direction of eight winds. Bronze statues were also located here, some of which served as a weather vane to determine the direction of the wind. The third floor was round and carried a huge lantern, above which was a dome with a seven-meter figure of Poseidon. The lighthouse of Alexandria burned for almost 1,000 years until the lighthouse was destroyed by an earthquake in 797. Now on the remains of the lighthouse there is a fortress built by Qait-bey at the end of the fifteenth century. You can learn more about this grand structure by reading the expanded material -