Crimean Partenit - paradise coast. The Bear and the Bear cub is a modern Partenit. What are the prices for holidays

City Partenit, Crimea

At the eastern foot - one of the cult symbols of the Southern coast of Crimea - in a picturesque valley there is a quiet and cozy place, the name of which is associated with the Greek word, meaning "maiden, girl" in translation. This name makes us take a different look at the legend, which tells that in this place in ancient times there was a sanctuary of the main goddess of the Tauris.

According to the ancient Greek historian and geographer Strabo, there was a temple of the Virgin on Cape Partenit, which is associated with the ancient Greek myth about the daughter of the Mycenaean king Agamemnon. But the places where the young Iphigenia carried her bloody service to Artemis, scientists still cannot name. But numerous explorations of the soil and excavations helped to reveal the remains of ancient settlements of the Tauris, burial grounds, a sanctuary of ancient times, as well as several medieval settlements, monasteries and fortifications.

In addition, finds of stone tools from the Paleolithic and Neolithic times indicate that already in the Stone Age these territories were inhabited by people. Currently, excavations are being carried out at Cape Kale Poti - interesting place. A complex of outbuildings dating back to the 10th - early 11th centuries, traces of three burials of the 13th-15th centuries were found here. and traces medieval temple previously unknown. Such complexes are highly valued in Europe today, as they have a pristine appearance and historical landscape, which allow you to recreate the spirit of bygone times.

Inseparable threads Parthenit is also associated with world history Christianity. These places are the birthplace of St. John of Gotha, whose relics were buried in the monastery he founded here. The ruins of the monastery church and the tomb of the saint were found during excavations in 1907. True, the tomb was empty. Researcher of Crimean monuments Repnikov N.I. suggested that the remains of the saint were transferred to another place in order to protect them from desecration by the Gentiles in the iconoclastic era of the Middle Ages. But the place of their reburial has not yet been found. Today, the remains of the ruins of the monastery are included in memorial Complex Patron Saint Partenite Saint John of Gotha.

From the 8th to the 18th centuries, these places were alternately ruled by the Khazar Khaganate, Byzantium, Genoa, Ottoman Empire, and then the Crimean Khanate. The minaret of the mosque of the 18th-19th centuries remained a monument of this era.

A magnificent architectural monument of this region is the estate of the princes Raevsky. Their estate appeared in 1839 and was named by its owner N.N. Raevsky Jr. Karasan in memory of his stay in the Persian province. His youngest son built in 1885-1887. magnificent palace in oriental style, which is still one of the pearls of the architectural heritage of the Crimea.

Partenit is currently working on creating object cultural heritage"Fortified Partenity", the purpose of which is to preserve the landscape and recreate the spirit of antiquity, in particular, the spirit of Byzantium, which will form a special aura in the village.

History of urban settlement Partenit goes back into the depths of centuries. It is known that people have lived on the territory of the Partenitskaya valley since the Stone Age. This is evidenced by archaeological excavations- early Paleolithic tools, and there is also evidence that in the Bronze Age, in the Neolithic period and in ancient times large settlements were formed here.

In the period of the III century, tribes of the Goths advanced on the territory of the Crimean peninsula, who ousted the villages of the Scythians towards the northern direction. In the Middle Ages, the city of Parthenion grew up in the valley with a large population. The name in Greek means "city of the Virgin". The city had a harbor where ships from all over the Mediterranean or Crimean cities stopped.

The Goths adopted Christianity. They made Parthenion the center of their diocese in the 8th century. Saint John of Gotha was born on this land, who is famous for his work in the creation of the Nicaea Ecumenical Council, which revived icon veneration. In 787, he led an uprising against the Khazar invaders, who entered the lands of Gothia. But John did not succeed in carrying out his plan, and, having been captured, he died in exile. The body of the saint was transferred to Partenit, where he was buried in the Cathedral of Saints Peter and Paul. The Khazars, after the uprising, did not spare the efforts and labors of John of Gotha and destroyed the cathedral and part of the city of Partenit.

Despite the seizures and frequent fighting The city is rapidly rebuilding. It is the center among neighboring villages, performing political and economic functions. According to archaeologist Parshin, since the 10th century, Partenit is quite acceptable modern name"city". Based on the materials of the charter of the Genoese colonies, a consulate functioned in Partenit.

The monastery of St. Peter and Paul has not been fully restored with its former grandeur and beauty. Metropolitan Damian, the successor of John of Gotha, took care of the temple. But the restored building did not please for long. local population, since during the invasion of the Ottoman Turks the temple was again destroyed. During the reign of the Turkish Empire, Partenit belonged to the villages of the Mangup kadalyk.

After the signing of the Manifesto of Catherine II, when Crimean peninsula became part of Russia, Partenit often changed its owners. IN XIX century the valley goes to the Raevsky family, who undertook to resume the forgotten craft of Partenit - viticulture. Then, on the slopes of Mount Ayudag, the ruins of the Church of the Holy Apostles were found. In 1869, the forces of the Raevsky estate (a family with whom A.S. Pushkin was friends) built a road along the slopes of Ayudag over an old, long-forgotten road. Having discovered the remains of a large stone temple, the manager of the estate ordered to dismantle it into stones and dismantled it until he found a capital of Byzantine work made of marble. Such a sculpture interested him and he decided to continue excavations. As it turned out, this was the place famous temple. Of his decorations, it was possible to preserve a stone column, the remains of various cornices and a couple of marble capitals.

In 1941, 286 people were called up from Partenit to the front, 87 of whom died during military operations.

After the end of the Great Patriotic War, the city lost its former name - it seemed inconsistent with the era of great changes. Therefore, the city received a new name - Frunzenskoye. During the independence of Ukraine, the city was returned to its former name - since 1991, it again began to be called Partenit. In 1996, a monument was erected to St. John of Gotha on one of the slopes of Ayudag.

Despite such centuries of history, the city is considered young. Rest in this place is one of the most prestigious in the Crimea. Well developed in the city tourism infrastructure, there are two popular health resorts - the Aivazovskoye Rest House and the no less popular Territorial Center for Rehabilitation and Balneology "Crimea".

People have always lived in the Parthenit Valley since the Stone Age. This is evidenced by the first south coast In the Crimea, a find of early Paleolithic tools (150 - 33 thousand years ago), discovered in 1965 by archaeologist A. Shchepinsky. There are archaeological confirmations of people living here and further: in the Neolithic, in the Bronze Age, in ancient times.

The period of the greatest prosperity of Partenit falls on the early Middle Ages and there is a lot of evidence for this, both written and archaeological.Among the written sources should be called "The Life of John of Gotha"; a letter from the Khazar caliph Joseph to the court of the caliph of Cordoba Hasdano Ibn-Shafrut; patriarchal acts, Genoese documents, notes of travelers, portolan charts, etc.

History archaeological research that prompted interest in this place is.

In 1869, P.Yu.Kemius, manager of the Partenit estate, which belonged to the Raevskys (the same family with whose members the young Pushkin was friends), laid a road along the eastern slope of the Ayu-Dag mountain over an ancient, long overgrown road. Stumbling upon the ruins of a large stone structure, he, without hesitation, began to take it apart into stones and took it apart until he came across a marble capital of Byzantine work and a slab grave. The find interested everyone. As it turned out later, ancient building was once a three-apse Christian basilica. The first excavations of this place were carried out by the artist Strukov Dmitry Mikhailovich (1827 - 1899). It was he who discovered the construction inscription of 1427, which immediately became famous. Here is its content: "This all-honorable and divine temple of the holy glorious and supreme apostles Peter and Paul was built from the foundation in ancient times, even in the holy father, by our archbishop of the city of Theodoro and all Gothia, John the Confessor, now renewed, as he sees it, by the metropolitan of the city of Theodoro and all Gothia kir Damian in the summer of 6936 on the 6th indiction, on the tenth day of September."

As you can see, it mentions the builder of the basilica, John the Confessor, i.e. John of Gotha, canonized for the exploits described in his Life.

Despite the damage at the hands of the manager of the estate (at least 200 carts with stone were taken out), the ruins of the basilica were dug up and left to stand in the middle of the Parthenite vineyards as a religious shrine.

The following excavations of this place are associated with the name of N.I. Repnikov, who in 1905 - 1907. conducted here: on Ayu-Dag and on Tepeler, archaeological research. Photos of the excavations and construction details (marble slabs and mosaic floors) are stored in the archive of A.L. Berthier-Delagard in local history museum Simferopol. Already not at all long time ago, in the summer of 1969, a rather detailed survey of Ayu-Dag was undertaken by an archaeological expedition led by O.I. Dombrovsky. In 1985 - 1988 In connection with the construction of a new building of the Frunzenskoye sanatorium, another archaeological study is being carried out on the southern slope of the hill, adjacent to the rock of Kale-Poti on the western side, by the expedition of the Institute of Archeology of the Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, headed by E.A. Parshina.

If we analyze the data of written sources and all these archaeological studies, then the history of Partenit is seen as such.

In the 8th century, Partenit was the center of the Diocese of Gotha and the residence of its Bishop John. In the documents this place is called as "Marketplace in Partenity". Finds of hanging lead seals of the 8th century - molivdovuls, which are not found during excavations of small rural settlements of Taurica, indicate that Partenit is a large settlement, the center of business ties. And here, on Ayu-Dag, John of Gotha, who, by the way, was originally from Partenit, founded the monastery of the Apostles Peter and Paul and built the already mentioned basilica. Partenit in the early period of its development is a large, rich settlement headed by a feudal lord in the form of a monastery.

John of Gotha is considered a prominent and prominent figure of that time. He became famous for his activities in preparing the VII Ecumenical Council of Nicaea, which restored icon veneration. As is known from his "Life", John became the head of the anti-Khazar uprising in 787. The rebellion was crushed, and John imprisoned in Fula, fled and died in the distant overseas Amastris. If you believe the "Life", then he was buried in the end precisely in Partenity, in the monastery he founded, where his remains allegedly miraculously crossed. During excavations by N.I. Repnikov, a carefully walled-up tomb was found in a semicircular niche in the wall of the temple (arcansolium), which can be associated with the burial of St. John. Repnikov opened it in the presence of A.L. Berthier-Delagard. It turned out to be... empty, a kind of kenataf, i.e. symbolic burial of a person who died in a foreign land.

The Khazars, after the defeat of the uprising, of course, did not spare the residence of John of Gotha; both the monastery with the basilica and Partenit were badly damaged.

Despite everything, the city is being rebuilt again. It dominates the district, where excavations have recorded the existence of several settlements - two on the southeastern slopes of Ayu-Dag, one on the site of the current village of Lavrovoe (formerly called Kurkulet) and two settlements with fortifications in the place of the village of Zaprudnoe (formerly called Degermenka). According to the archaeologist Parshina, the term "city" is already quite applicable to Partenit, starting from the 10th century. From the charter for the Genoese Black Sea colonies, published in Genoa in 1449 known that there was a consulate in Partenit, and upon taking office, its official was obliged to pay 4 soms, exactly the same as the officials of the consulate of Kherson and the Bosporus paid and twice as much as the officials of Alushta and Yalta.

As for the monastery of the Apostles Peter and Paul, it was no longer revived in all its grandeur and significance after the defeat of the uprising. The basilica stood in desolation for many centuries, and only at the beginning of the 15th century, as evidenced by the construction inscription found by Strukov in 1427, did its restoration begin. The temple is being restored by the distant successor of John of Gotha, Metropolitan Damian. But the restored temple did not stand for long and the next time it suffered in 1475 during the invasion of the Ottoman Turks.

But not only in the valley people settled in those days. Remains of a medieval settlement were found on Ayu-Dag mountain. In the glade Ai-Konstant ("Saint Constantine"), located on a wide, gentle saddle of the eastern slope of Ayu-Dag, traces of these settlements can still be seen. To the north of the Ai-Konstant glade there was a defensive wall built of raw rubble stone on clay. It reached a height of 3 meters and, with a width of 2.5 - 2.8 meters, served as a reliable barrier on the way to the settlement. To the south and below the Ai-Konstant glade, on a natural terrace above the seashore, there are the remains of residential buildings and a larger building, according to scientists, a temple of considerable size. Obviously, in the troubled times of the Middle Ages, the mountain was considered a safe place.

The latest date of the existence of the settlement on Ayu-Dag is determined by the same fateful XV century.

According to some data, the earthquake of 1468, after which the springs disappeared fresh water on Ayu-Dag, was the reason that people left the mountain. Others attribute the destruction to the Turkish invasion in 1475. One way or another, but people left the mountain forever.

In general, after the 15th century, when the Crimea was destroyed and ravaged by the Ottoman Turks, Partenit was no longer reborn as a lively and rich city, but was being restored in the form of a small village.

And our Christian basilica, the fate of which we traced from the moment of its construction by John of Gotha in the 8th century, after the destruction in the 15th century. was restored under the new Turkish administration in the form of a small, shabby chapel with a wooden roof. The Parthenite shrine finally fell into disrepair at the end of the 18th century. AND last point In this story, the discovery on July 6, 1996, on this place, where the basilica once stood, of a monument to John of Gotha can probably be considered.

After the annexation of Crimea to Russia in 1783, the lands of the Partenitskaya Valley passed from one owner to another. These places are associated with such glorious Russian surnames as Raevsky and Gagarin.

Here is what a traveler of the beginning of our century saw in the Partenit Valley, sailing by on a steamboat: "The steamboat goes around Ayu-Dag, passing very close to it. And here the viewer opens up a wildly majestic picture of rocks, grottoes, bulks, which are difficult to suspect from afar. Behind Ayu-Dag there is an extensive beach of the Partenit estate of the Raevskys and right there, an amphitheater, is located a small village Partenit... In Partenit there is an extensive quarry of Mr. Uberti, from where the local stone is exported to other cities.Behind Partenit is the estate "Chukurlar" by Princess Gagarina and nearby the vast estate "Karasan" by the Raevskys (a large gray Moorish-style building surrounded by a vast park). Karasan is followed by the estate "Kuchuk Lambat" (a white building with four columns) and a very beautiful Swiss-style palace of Princess Gagarina, and around the village of Kuchuk Lambat."
(Guide to the Crimea. G. Moskvich, 1913, Edition of the Guides, St. Petersburg, edition 25.)

The inexorable course of history has changed the owners of this land. In 1945, Partenit lost its historical name. To some it seemed inconsistent with the era of "great changes and achievements" and it was given a different name - consonant, although in no way connected with this place - Frunzenskoe. (Decree No. 619/3). Having survived the turbulent years of revolutions and wars, the village remained a small settlement, not much remarkable in history.

The next revival of this place is associated with resort construction. In the 60s, a small rest house for teachers and students of the Military Academy. M.V. Frunze grew up in the sanatorium of the USSR Ministry of Defense "Frunzenskoye", in the 70s the construction of another military sanatorium - "Crimea" began. The settlement began to grow and develop along with health resorts.

And in 1993, during times of regular upheavals and changes, he was returned to his historical name - Partenit.

I am glad to welcome you, friends!

Catch another detailed overview about the rest on the Crimean coast on the topic - Partenit Crimea beaches. Today I will tell you why we are going to a nondescript village under the patronage of Bear Mountain and two chic and.

Well, let's try to find out - is it so important to be the owner of a sanatorium card in order to avoid meeting with the dark masses, peeling seeds and speaking uncivilized. While standing waist-deep in water packed in plastic bags and used flip flops.

Let's go!

No matter what beaches of Partenit you are on, you will always be surrounded by wonderful landscapes and unimaginable aromas of coniferous plantations. Bright natural colors are here with a vengeance!

Beach areas are varied. There are spacious and very modest, equipped and with minimal comfort, pebbly and even sandy. Well, and most importantly - paid, shareware and absolutely free of bribes, depending on belonging to any structure.

Now let's go over each of them.

Closer to Bear Mountain

In the west of Partenit, at the foot of the Ayu-Dag mountain, there is a famous sanatorium "Crimea" (that's about him). Beaches are accessible not only to those living on its territory. But for ordinary vacationers, a daily visit will cost 100 rubles per person .

For this money, you can explore a beautiful, but slightly neglected park, and take advantage of a well-maintained beach. For Crimeans this year, a discount of 50 rubles, but carry your passport with you. Some guards are satisfied with a photocopy.

Along beach cards Spacious and tidy promenade stretches along the sanatorium, but it is intended only for walking and contemplation seascape- there are no cafes, kiosks, stalls here.

And only at the end you will find a restaurant and an outlet with drinks and ice cream.

In 2016 the strongest storm part of the embankment was destroyed . Some repairs and reconstruction have been carried out, but a major restoration can only be expected.

The beaches are well maintained. There are voluminous sheds, showers, changing rooms, first-aid post, toilets. Sun loungers and umbrellas for separate fee, or in exchange for a sanatorium book. The cover is medium and small pebbles, but the entrance to the sea is rocky.

In some places and on the shore there are quite large rocky areas.

Will everyone fit on the free beach?

Next comes beach Central . It does not differ in spacious territory. Located between the breakwaters and limited to a concrete wall, Central Beach in addition, it has rocky areas. The entrance to the sea is gently sloping and pebbly in places, in places it is littered with boulders and concrete fragments. The water is surprisingly clean and clear.

There are sun loungers and umbrellas for rent - the price is from 150 rubles for the whole day. Climbing the stairs to the most ordinary no-frills embankment, you will find cafes and kiosks, toilets, changing rooms.

The beaches themselves are good, but you expect more from the promenade. That's just the whole focus in capacity. If you like to visit the beaches during the season, then you should consider your own schedule. Otherwise, you will find places only in the water.

It is here that visitors of two very comfortable hotels « Majestic" And " North» with swimming pools, spa areas and comfortable rooms. And unlike "Europe" and "Aivazovsky" they cost from 2500 rubles per day.

How much do resorts charge for going down to the beaches?

Now, to get to the beaches of the resort, you must either pay 600 rubles and stomp along the shady alleys.

Or wade through the embankment of the neighboring hotel "Europe" . In the latter case, you will have two free beach, allocated specifically for outsiders with serial numbers 5 and 6. Passage to all guests of the island of Crimea through the lower gate. Residents of Partenit through the gates of the park a little higher, but according to the documents.

These are beaches with a wide pebble coastline, sheds, changing rooms, showers and equipment rental. There is also a rescue point, a toilet, garbage cans are installed.

Entertainment, unfortunately, is not provided. Yes, and there are not many people here, in general, silence is beauty.

Private beaches of the sanatorium itself cannot cause any complaints. You will have to pay to use them. 5000 rubles per room out of season. But, as you like, all inclusive!

Rest like in Europe or what?

snow white hotel "Europe" 4 stars "washed" all competitors and equipped sand beach. Everyone can go to the embankment and the beach of the hotel. But only residents can use free stylish sun loungers and umbrellas, and everyone else pays for the rental.

There is not too much space here, but it is very clean, tidy, with a flat coast, a gently sloping bottom and a comfortable entrance to the sea. There is even a separate children's area and a playground for beach games.

If you feel hungry, you can go up to the hotel restaurants or visit the cafe. But the prices, as you know, will correspond to the status of the hotel.

Due to the distance from the center of Partenit, this beach is not crowded, so space should not be a problem.

The hotel "Europe" itself keeps the brand and tries to be at the proper level. True night stay will cost you here from 7000 rubles per day. But feeding at their expense))

The beaches of Karasan

It is not yet known whether the epic ended with the reconstruction of the embankment and part of the coast in the area Sanatorium "Karasan" but we'll find out by the season. In general, there is a good map here, there are paid and free sections. That's just the sea ate most lying space near the beaches.

The coastline is pebbly, not too wide, and in some places completely narrow. There are rocky areas. There are awnings on the beaches. You can rent umbrellas and sun loungers.

On the embankment itself there is one cafe, retail outlets.

Well, do not forget to look into the wonderful Karasan Park-Museum . While you can still go there from the embankment. I wrote more about it

The largest beach of Partenita

Closer to Cape Plaka is recreation center "Tavrida-Azot" , the territory of which is considered the most spacious and comfortable for vacationers. True, due to the fact that the coating is constantly sprinkled with fresh pebbles, walking barefoot is quite sensitive.

Usually there are stationary sheds, paths to the water, locker rooms. The terrace has a covered area directly above the sea. Sun loungers for residents at the base for free. Under a canopy, places are always occupied by "their own" from early in the morning.

From entertainment all available water attractions– catamarans, banana rides, scooters. Nearby is a pier where excursion boats leave.

But at the beginning of the year, the beaches do not look quite prepared. Perhaps it is too early to judge anything. Let's look at May 1st.

Municipal and village beaches of Partenit

Earlier village beaches in Partenit they could not boast of either a well-maintained territory or comfortable plots.

First village beach number 1 is between sanatorium "Karasansky" And hotel "Europe" .

The view was very depressing, which undermined the local populace in an administrative revolt. But today, these beaches are simply expensive to look at.

I don't even know why now make your way to the 5th and 6th section of the beach in park "Aivazovskoye".

Settlement beach No. 2 is behind sanatorium "Karasansky" . They haven’t reached it yet, so the view here is depressing - a narrow strip full of stones and debris under a broken concrete wall. But there are always vacationers here.

And the third municipal beach Partenita № 3 is closer to Cape Plaka and. It is a concrete stepped embankment, and part of a pebble beach.

Wild beaches of Partenit

Although the village beaches can perfectly pass for wild ones, a real vacation for lovers of secluded relaxation begins at Cape Plaka. It is in this small picturesque bay that the "savages" rush.

The coast here is slightly curved and covered with green hills and hills. For coastline rocky and sandy-pebbly areas alternate.

We do not recommend making your way here through the cape, thickets, steep slopes, it is better to use the line of the sea along sanatorium "Utes" , or through the very territory of the sanatorium, but having previously paid the entrance.

And what's next?

Next to Partenit is a cozy resort town A cliff with the sanatorium of the same name and, then there are small landscaped areas coastal hotels and slipways, and further, wild beaches stretch to the village of Maly Mayak.

Walking and relaxing in such places will appeal to both savages and nudists, because there is where to hide from the eyes or, conversely, ignore the few tourists.

Good to know

Arriving in Partenit at the height of the season or on weekends, it is not easy to find free parking spaces. Most drivers leave their cars along the roadsides on the upper streets of the village, because the cost of parking in the area of ​​the stop park "Aivazovsky" and others popular places – 50-100 rubles/hour.

1. You can get to Partenit both from Simferopol and from Anapa. My experience of finding cheap tickets to Crimea and back. How to get from the new airport of Simferopol. Also, you may come in handy if you travel here by train.
2. To correctly choose housing in Partenit, I recommend. How to successfully find and book inexpensive housing in the Crimea.
3. Some beaches and attractions can only be reached by car. If you don’t have it with you, then how to choose the right company to rent a car in Crimea
4. If you have to get bored from recumbent marine procedures, then there are two options: active-extreme And non-standard instructive. Choose yourself.

If you get bored or you are not satisfied with a vacation by the sea on this coast, be sure to go to or. There are more entertainment and more sights.

Well, friends, here it is summer rest is waiting for you in the resort Partenit. Subscribe to my blog , do not forget to view the latest articles and events of the Crimea, write your impressions in the comments or in group discussions.

Some useful articles and links:

1. Virtual map of Crimean beaches map.visitcrimea.guide
2. Webcams Crimea crimea-media.ru

Toponymic Dictionary of Crimea

Partenite

a village on the South Coast at the eastern foot of the Ayu-Dag, from the Greek "parthenos", a virgin, perhaps the name comes from the temple of the Virgin or the temple of the goddess of the Taurus. Some scientists associate Partenit with the ancient Greek myth of Iphigenia in Tauris and believe that there was famous temple Virgin. Parthenit in the Middle Ages was blooming port city with a large population. Since the 8th century, iconodules began to move to the peninsula from the eastern regions of Byzantium, persecuted by its iconoclastic government. They chose John as their spiritual shepherd, who was ordained to the bishopric in Iberia (Georgia). Bishop John of the Diocese of Gotha founded a monastery in the name of the Holy Apostles Peter and Paul in Partenit. He carried out anti-iconoclastic activities, actively participated in the preparation of the Seventh Ecumenical Council (787), in the restoration of icon veneration. At the foot of the Ayu-Dag there are about 30 ruined temples-basilicas. Now in the village Partenit is a square that bears the name of St. John of Gotha.