Syracuse on a map of ancient Greece. Temple of Our Lady of Tears. Cathedral Square and Cathedral

The second Greek colony on the island after Naxos (founded in 734-733 BC by immigrants from Corinth).

It is believed that the name of the city (in the Russian tradition it is customary to pronounce it in the plural - Syracuse, although it is more correct - Syracuse) is etymologically connected with the word "bog" in the language of one of the local tribes, and indeed, the local lands were a continuous swamp and seemed to be would be completely unsuitable for the creation of a new city. However, the place was indicated Delphic oracle, and stubborn colonists began to plant cypresses - evergreen trees are better than other plants able to drain and strengthen unsteady soils.

Practical information:

• Free Wi-Fi in Syracuse- in some places there are points of connection to the Internet from the city and for free - Ortigia (Marina, Foro Italico).

Weather in Syracuse:

Get oriented in Syracuse

Old Syracuse occupy Ortigia island (Ortigia), the main sights of the city are concentrated here, and on the territory new city, which the Greeks already called Neapolis, attention should be paid to the Archaeological Park, which is located at a distance of 2 km from Ortigia.

From railway station should go through via F. Crispi to p. Marconi, if you then continue to move in the same direction along Corso Umberto, then it will lead directly to the bridge to the island of Ortigia. The entire journey is about 1 km. If there is a desire to first visit the Archaeological Park, then from Piazza Marconi you need to turn left and go first along via Catania, then by Corso Gelone(Corso Gelone) and viale Paolo Orsi(Viale Paolo Orsi).

Most excursion and intercity buses stops in the area Piazza della Posta on the island of Ortigia.

History of Syracuse

The most ancient part of the city of Syracuse was located on the island of Ortigia, but the city grew rapidly and soon turned into the largest settlement. During the heyday of Syracuse, it consisted of five quarters, the ruins of ancient buildings (Greek theater, Roman amphitheater, the altar of Zeus Eleutherio, the tomb of Archimedes and quarries) were preserved in large numbers in the Neopolis quarter.

By the 5th century BC Syracuse has become the most Big city in Sicily and one of the most influential cities in the entire Mediterranean. Of the rulers of the city, the most famous is the tyrant Dionysius I, who reigned in Syracuse for almost 40 years (405-367 BC) and became famous for his pathological suspicion and bestial cruelty. They say that he ordered the barber to be crucified, having seen a dangerous razor in his hands - after all, it is possible to kill a tyrant with it.

In 287-212 BC. e. The great mathematician, physicist and mechanic Archimedes lived and worked in Syracuse. In 212, during the war with the Romans and the months-long siege of Syracuse, the 75-year-old scientist was responsible for the technical side of the defense and, as they say, put into practice some of the machines he invented.

Subsequently, Syracuse lost its former importance, and when the Arabs moved the capital of the island to Palermo (878), it finally turned into a provincial backwater.

Attractions Syracuse

In the oldest part of the city, on island of Ortigia, few ancient monuments have been preserved. You can get around them in about half a day using one route:

Syracuse itinerary:

1. Temple of Apollo

Not far from the bridge connecting the island with mainland Syracuse, stands the oldest Doric in SicilyTemple of Apollo (Tempio di Apollo, piazza Pancali, VI c. BC). For many centuries, the inhabitants of the city did not even suspect of its existence, until in 1938-1943 archaeologists unearthed the remains of a unique structure. From the monumental structure measuring 58.1 x 24.5 m, only ruins and a few columns from the south and east sides survived.

2. Piazza Archimedes

Continuing along the path Corso Matteotti (Corso Matteotti), we go out to Piazza Archimedes (piazza Arcimede), located in the very center of the island of Ortigia, at the intersection Via della Maestranza (Via Maestranza) and v. Roma (Via Roma). The ancient agora, surrounded by beautiful buildings around the perimeter of the square, has always played the role of a "city salon". Basic decoration - fountain of artemis(fontana di Artemis).

After going through via Roma, turn right to via Minerva (Via Minerva) and exit to Piazza del Duomo (Piazza del Duomo) - the oldest cult square of the city. All the inhabitants of Syracuse built their altars and temples on this site, even before the advent of the Greek colonists.

3. Cathedral of Syracuse

In the VI century BC. a Greek Ionic temple appeared on Piazza del Duomo (one of the oldest structures of this order), already in the next century it was replaced by an even more magnificent sanctuary dedicated to Athena. 38 Doric columns, 9 m high and 2 m in circumference each surrounded the temple, the gates were made of gold and ivory, and on the pediment of the building there was the golden shield of Athena, which served as a guide for sailors.

In the 7th century A.D. e. the spaces between the columns of the peripter were laid, and the temple itself was transformed into a Christian basilica. A little later the basilica became Cathedral ( Duomo). The construction was badly damaged during the earthquake (1693), but already in the next century it was restored, adding several new chapels and decorating it with a beautiful baroque facade. The cathedral houses relics associated with St. Lucia: a huge statue depicting the Syracuse martyr (height 4 m, weight almost 1 ton), and several bones of her foot. The rest of the relics of the saint are stored in.

• Cathedral
• Piazza del Duomo
• daily 08.00–12.00, 16.00–19.00

4. Arethusa Fountain

From Piazza del Duomo by via Picherali (via Pikerali) let's get to piazza San Rocco (piazza San Rocco) and go down to fountain of Arethusa (Fontana Aretusa) - a natural body of water, located just a few meters from the sea, formed by the confluence of two small rivers. Ducks swim and papyrus grows in this small pool. Once upon a time, this exotic grass covered a significant part. Now it is grown only on special plantations near Syracuse, but there is a special research center where papyrus is processed using ancient technologies. The best local souvenirs - papyrus products.

Arethusa was the name of one of the nymphs-companions of the goddess Artemis. One day, a beautiful nymph bathed after a hunt in the waters of the Alpheus River. The river god immediately fell in love with Arethusa and, taking on a human form, rushed after her in pursuit. To save Arethusa from Alpheus, Artemis turned it into an underground river. However, Alpheus, in turn, also turned to the gods with a request to allow him to unite with his beloved. The celestials helped the impressionable lover and returned him to his former appearance. Since then, the waters of the two rivers meet on the island of Ortigia - just in the place that is called the Aretuza fountain.

5. Maniache Castle

If you go from the fountain along the embankment in a southerly direction, then you can get to the Maniace castle (Castello Maniace), built in 1239 by order of Frederick II. This building - a typical example of a medieval palace-fortress - has well preserved its original appearance.

The most attractive place for tourists in Syracuse remains Archaeological Park of Neapolis(Parco archeologico della Napolis).

• Viale Paradise
• Tue - Sun 9:00 - 13:00.
• Admission: € 4.00, 18 - 25 years - € 2.00, under 18 and over 65 - free.

6. Roman amphitheater

This grandiose open-air complex houses objects dating back to the Greco-Roman period of Syracuse. To the left of the entrance alley - the Roman amphitheater ( Anfiteatro Romano, III-IV centuries). With its size, it is only slightly inferior to the famous arena in.

7. Altar of Hieron II

Further in the direction of travel there is a huge altar of Hieron II(Ara di Gerone II), built in the III century BC. By order of this tyrant. The altar is a huge structure 198 m long, very large-scale sacrifices were made here, for example, 450 rams could be slaughtered at the same time.

8. Greek theater

In the vicinity of the altar you can see the famous Greek theater (Teatro Greco), completely carved into the rock. It began to be built in the 5th century BC. under the tyrant Gelon, and finished in the III century BC. under Hiero II, the last tyrant of Syracuse. It was probably the largest stage venue in the ancient world, the diameter of the structure is 138.6 m, the capacity is 16,000-18,000 spectators.

The spectator zone is divided into 11 sectors (diadz), the names of the families to which they belonged are carved on the benches. The Romans, who captured Syracuse, rebuilt the theater, and then it completely disappeared from the face of the earth. When, in the 16th century, Emperor Charles V visited Syracuse and wished to inspect the famous theater, they could not find it.

9 Syracuse Quarry

Approximately in the place where the upper audience rows of the Greek Theater ended, the territory begins quarry. Once upon a time, building material was really mined in them, but then it began to be used as prison cells.

The largest of the artificial caves - "Paradise"(Latomia del Paradiso), its depth reaches 45 m. Kanatchikov Cave, Saltpeter Cave, Italiatella Quarry, Saint Venus Quarry, however, any tourist who looks into the Archaeological Park, first of all, rushes to cave "Ear of Dionysius» (Orecchio di Dionisio).

10. Grotticelli Necropolis

During a tour of the archaeological zone, with a visit Grotticelli necropolis (necropoli grotticelle), tourists will definitely be shown tomb of Archimedes. In fact, no one knows exactly where exactly the great scientist was buried, in any case, this place is mentioned by Cicero, who visited Syracuse many years after the death of Archimedes.

11. Church of Santa Lucia

Church of Santa Lucia (Chiesa di Santa Lucia) on a p. del Duomo dedicated to the main patroness of the city of Syracuse. It is believed that the saint helps with eye diseases. The church was restored in the Baroque style after the earthquake in 1693

12. Sanctuary of the Madonna delle Lacrime

Sanctuary ( Santuario Madonna delle Lacrime, Madonna of Tears) was built in 1990 specifically for the icon of the Weeping Madonna. According to legend, once on the face of the Mother of God, kept in the house of an ordinary resident of Syracuse, a liquid appeared, the chemical composition of which coincided with ordinary human tears. The icon was recognized as miraculous. At first, a small chapel was built for her, but then they decided to build a whole temple, since the number of pilgrims to the miraculous icon is constantly growing. The hipped silhouette of the modern church stands out well in the general panorama of the city.

• Sanctuary of the Madonna delle Lacrime
• Via Santuario, 3

Catacombs of San Giovanni

In Syracuse, there are 3 groups of catacombs: Santa Lucia (2nd century), Catacombs of Vigna Cassia and the baby Jesus (3rd century), as well as the catacombs of St. John (San Giovanni).

Built in the 4th century (after the election of Constantine), the catacombs follow the route of the former Greek aqueduct. They were somewhat expanded in the 5th century. In terms of the catacombs, they practically reproduce the so-called castrum (a typical ancient Roman military camp). A central gallery (decumanus maximus) can be distinguished, from which ten secondary passages (cardines) emerge: five to the north and five to the south. Four "cardines" converge to four "round" (former water tanks): the northern one is named after Antiochus, and the three in the south are Marina, Adelphia and the Sarcophagus.

The walls of these galleries were used to create niches where the dead were buried. If you move from the "Round Marina" through a short tunnel, you will get to the big ring of Adelphia. Here, in 1872, a valuable marble sarcophagus made by ancient Roman artisans was found: 62 carved biblical characters from the Old and New Testaments, and in the center a body with two busts (husband and wife). Now the sarcophagus is kept in the Paolo Orsi Museum in Syracuse.

Over the centuries, the catacombs suffered from robbery and desecration of various invaders: the Vandals in 440, from the Goths in 549, from the Saracens in the 11th century.

The catacombs were completely abandoned at the end of the 6th century. The underground of Syracuse, virtually unknown until the 16th century, only aroused interest in the early 17th century. But only at the end of the last century, scientific archaeological excavations began.

• Opening hours: Tue - Sun: 9:30 - 12:30 and 14:30 - 17:30
• Entrance (including guided tour): € 6.00, under 16 and over 65 € 4.00, pilgrims € 3.00, students € 2.00.
• Address: Via San Giovanni alle Catacombe, 1 - 96100 Siracusa
• GPS: N 37.076682 - E 15.284895

Archaeological Museum of Paolo Orsi

Archaeological Museum ( Museo Archeologico Paolo Orsi) is based near the Archaeological Park on the territory Landolina villas (Villa Landolina). It houses the most complete (and wonderfully organized) collection of archaeological finds in Sicily.

• Archaeological Museum of Paolo Orsi
• Viale Teocrito
• Tue, Thu, Sun 09.00–13.00,
• Wed, Fri, Sat 9.00–13.00, 15.30–19.30,
• Mon 15.30–19.00

14. Papyrus Museum

At the Papyrus Museum Museo del Papiro) presents a unique collection of exhibits made from this plant. Papyrus processing began in Syracuse in the 18th century.

• papyrus museum
• Viale Teocrito, 66

15. Museum of Medieval and Modern Art

Museum exposition ( Museo Regionale d'Arte Medioevale e Moderna) housed in a 13th-century palace - Palazzo Bellomo. Here is a wonderful collection of paintings and sculptures from the Middle Ages to the present day.

• Museum of Medieval and Contemporary Art
• Palazzo Bellomo
• Via Capodieci, 14
• Tue - Sat 9:00 - 19:00, Sun 9:00 - 13:00, Mon - closed
• Entrance: € 8.00 - reduced € 4.00

Festivals in Syracuse

From May to June in Syracuse there is a traditional classical greek drama festival(held since 1914). Previously, these events were held in even years, but since 2000 they have been organized annually. Performances take place on the stage of the Greek Theater in the Archaeological Park. The price of tickets varies from about 13 to 31.00 €, depending on the distance from the stage. Order tickets by tel. 09 31 6 74 15, 800 90 70 80.

Map of the Ortigia area in the city of Syracuse:

There is a stable expression - "hoary antiquity". It is surprisingly appropriate when talking about the city of Syracuse, located on the Italian island of Sicily. The name of the city is known to many people, because everyone in school at least heard about the ancient Greek scientist Archimedes, a resident of Syracuse. By the way, a native of this city was Methodius, one of the creators (along with Cyril) of our alphabet - Cyrillic. The sights of Syracuse are very interesting!

The first mention of Syracuse dates back to 734 BC, the streets of the city are filled with archaeological sites. The oldest part small island Ortigia(Ortigia), or Ortigia (Ortigia), is entirely classified as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

The mystery of the historical wealth of this Sicilian city is explained not only by its antiquity. Fate has developed in such a way that at different times the owners here were Greeks And Romans, Byzantines And Arabs, people from Northern Europe. Each of these peoples did not destroy the cultural achievements of the previous owners, but preserved them and supplemented them with their own.

Coming to rest or sightseeing in Syracuse, it should be understood that all of its sights are predominantly of historical importance. The city will be of interest primarily to connoisseurs of history, fans of archeology.

People are always attracted not just by history, but by the most ancient history. It is represented in Syracuse by the so-called archaeological area This is where the tourists flock the most. In this zone, representing the era of Ancient Greece and Rome. Time passed, the city was built and expanded. Many monuments of the Middle Ages and the new era appeared. The following items are the most popular.

Cave "Ear of Dionysius"

These are the remains of ancient quarries located on the site of a natural cave. There are different versions of this name. The entrance to the caves, indeed, resembles the auricle of a donkey or horse. The cave has amazing acoustics; it is not for nothing that even in Roman times this cavity was used as a theater. According to legend, the tyrant Dionysius threw his captives and criminals into the cave: excellent audibility allowed the guards to find out what the prisoners were whispering about.

Capuchin quarries.

This is the name of other famous quarries in Syracuse. Stone blocks have been mined here for centuries, as a result, adits with amazing outlines have formed, reminiscent of bizarre halls with columns and pylons. Over time, many of the halls collapsed, given that there are strong earthquakes in Sicily. In the Middle Ages, this strange, abandoned place was chosen by the Capuchin monks, laying a chic garden here.

There are other quarries in Syracuse, but they are much younger than the ancient ones. Here, in the first centuries of the new era, the early communities of Christians gathered. The catacombs of San Giovanni are popular with tourists who want to tickle their nerves in gloomy dungeons. Here you definitely need a guide, because it is very easy for an ignorant person to get lost in the dark passages.

Greek theater

Many visitors tend to consider him a hallmark of the city. The theater is well preserved considering that it was built in 5th century BC uh. It is located on a high hill with a wonderful view of the city. At one time, the theater was one of the largest in Greece, and then in Rome (the Romans held gladiatorial battles in it).

Unfortunately, in the Middle Ages, the Spaniards dismantled part of the structure in order to strengthen the island of Ortigia. But even now, the "auditorium", carved into the rocky slope, can accommodate up to 15,000 spectators! This theater is considered a classic example of ancient architecture.

Roman amphitheater

Like the quarry, the Greek theater has its "rival" in Syracuse. This is a Roman amphitheatre. It is about four centuries younger than the Greek theater, but can compete with it in size - the third largest amphitheater in Italy, after the famous Colosseum and the amphitheater in Verona. Excavated by archaeologists in 1839, it has the shape of an ellipse.

In addition to the large amphitheater, the Romans left in Syracuse the largest altar for sacrifices, called the altar of Hieron II. It was built three centuries before the new era, and was intended for offerings to Zeus. There is evidence that 200 bulls were sacrificed here every year!

Ruins of the Temple of Apollo

The temple is the pride of the island of Ortigia (Ortigia), it was built even before the Greek theater. Scientists discovered the temple in the middle of the 19th century, but the legendary archaeologist Paolo Orsi really discovered it for science. There is an opinion that the temple was the first large building of the city; the results of excavations indicate its grandeur.

If you walk from the ruins of the temple along Matteoti Street, you can smoothly "move" in time from antiquity to the Middle Ages, and get to the popular Archimedes Square.

Archimedes Square

The square is famous throughout Italy fountain of artemis, where the goddess is depicted surrounded by nymphs.

Cathedral Square and Cathedral

Not far from Archimedes Square is another famous city square, Cathedral, with a majestic building Cathedral (Duomo).

The cathedral is located in the highest part of the island, striking with its grandeur and solemnity. No less magnificent it looks from the inside. It must be said that the appearance that the cathedral has now, it acquired only in the XVIII century. Prior to this, the building was radically rebuilt several times, destroyed by time and earthquakes. Within its walls, several ancient antique columns have been preserved as built-in elements - the modest remains of the temple of the goddess Athena, which the Greeks built here. (And, by the way, excavations claim that even the Greeks erected a building on the site of an even older one, created, perhaps, by the Carthaginians).

In front of the cathedral building is a funny monument to Archimedes, whose aluminum figure is immersed in the ground, as if in a layer of water (a hint of his guess about body weight, which allegedly came to Archimedes while bathing in the bathroom).

Castello Maniace

Maniace Castle, on the seashore, is proud of all of Italy. It was built as a fortress, named after George Maniac, who conquered Sicily for Byzantium. In the past, the castle-fortress was the residence of the Sicilian kings, then there was a prison, military barracks. Now the castle is filled with tourists, its inspection takes a lot of time and is very interesting.

Chapel of the Sepolcro di Santa Lucia.

In this church, Caravaggio's painting "The Burial of Saint Lucia" is periodically shown. This saint played a prominent role in the history of Syracuse, she is considered the patroness of the ancient city. The relics of the saint at first were located in the tomb, outside the city walls. The already mentioned Maniac stole them from the catacombs and took them to Constantinople. In the chapel, there is still a trace of the destroyed wall, in which the relics of the saint allegedly resided.

Church of the Madonna della Lacrime

Unlike previous objects, this building will not be able to boast of antiquity. On the contrary, it is very young, built in 1994. However, the temple is incredibly popular among tourists, everyone who comes to the city watches it. Externally, the building resembles a giant badminton shuttlecock.

The Church of the Weeping Madonna (this is how its name is translated) was built with donations from the townspeople. The building can be seen from any part of Syracuse, especially thanks to the 20-meter Madonna towering over the building. Previously, a church was located on the site of the temple, and once, allegedly, tears flowed from the eyes of the icon of the Mother of God, located inside the church ... It was decided to demolish a small building and build another, more pompous structure in honor of the miracle.

Archaeological Museum of Paolo Orsi

It belongs to the most famous and prestigious museums in Europe, the largest museum on the island of Sicily. It has been in operation for almost a century and a half. The whole history of Sicily and Southern Italy is presented in its huge halls. To get acquainted with all its exhibits, you should have a lot of time and effort, because the artifacts are located on an area of ​​​​about 12 km². Exhibits from ancient times predominate.

There are a few more in Syracuse interesting museums, among which it is worth highlighting the Papyrus Museum and the Puppet Museum. The latter will be of interest to children.

The kids also love going to Aquarium, next to which the famous spring of Aretuza. A special papyrus grows in the spring, and there is a legend that it is here, near the lake with fresh water, the city was born. Water will disappear - the life of ancient Syracuse will stop.

Of course, this is not a complete list of attractions of the ancient Sicilian city of Syracuse. It is worth coming here to see the streets of Syracuse, which have become one of the cradles of European civilization!

Excursions to Syracuse

Syracuse - extremely interesting city. And the review of Syracuse attractions presented here is far from complete. To understand the atmosphere of the city, you need to take a leisurely stroll through the streets of Ortigia, where every house breathes history. Look into the temples, admire the Ionian Sea. And of course, to hear a story about the past of the city, to learn the history of this powerful outpost of ancient civilizations. You can read articles about the history of the city, but of course it is better to take an experienced guide and combine sightseeing with fascinating stories these places.

You can read about excursions to Syracuse in our article "Excursion to Syracuse". There are two ways to apply for a tour:

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Syracuse is full of very interesting ancient buildings, cathedrals and temples. It's just hard to believe that some of them date back to BC. Here are some must-see places if you are visiting Syracuse.

Archaeological zone of Syracuse

As the name implies, this is not a particular cathedral or temple, but a complex of ancient objects that are still in the process of being studied by specialists and archaeologists, and which contains various elements of the culture of the ancient city. First, it's famous Ear of Dionysius. The "Ear" is a high crevice in the rock, known for its powerful acoustics. There is a legend: the Sicilian commander and tyrant of the city of Syracuse, Dionysius, brought and left slaves in this “ear”, and at the entrance to the cave he assigned guards who were ordered to eavesdrop on what the slaves were talking about there, and “merge” all the information to the ruler. Even if the slaves whispered, the guards still caught the gossip - after all, even a quiet sound said at one end of the cave can be heard at the other end - so it was not difficult for the guards to “warm their ears”. This legend was invented by Caravaggio, and with his light hand the cave was named that way. Although, someone assures that the name went only because of the similarity with the usual ear, however, not human, but donkey or horse. One way or another, anyone concert hall envy such chic acoustics as this cave has, and tourists who find themselves in it immediately begin to check their voices, which is always quite funny.

Also not far from the "Ukha" is Greek theater, the construction of which dates back to the beginning of the 5th century BC. e.
The theater consists of 67 rows in the rock and can accommodate about 15,000 spectators. Thus, it is one of the largest theaters in the world. Oddly enough, the theater has been preserved almost in its original form, so various cultural events, shows and concerts are held here to this day.

Let's go a little more and see the real roman amphitheater in the form of an ellipse, measuring 190X119 meters.

So, very interesting place!

Address: in the northeast of Syracuse, near the intersection of Via Luigi Spagna and Viale Tica, as well as not far from the Largo Leonardo Da Vinci park (numerous signs lead to the excavations from the city center)

Castello Maniace

A very important landmark of Syracuse and the heritage of all of Italy. This castle (it is also simply called Maniache Castle) was built here in 1240 and named after the 11th-century Byzantine commander George Maniac, who conquered Sicily for Byzantium in 1038-1040, and who built the first fortifications on this site after the capture of the city.
This warrior, it must be said, did a lot of things in his life, and was remembered by everyone as the thief of the relics of St. Lucia, the patroness of Syracuse. More on that later.

So, the Castello Maniace castle had an important military role, because it was built as a fortress and closed the entrance to the city harbor, reliably protecting Syracuse. The castle is open to the public. Castello consists of massive gates, a tower and a spiral staircase. The walls are made of limestone blocks up to 50 meters high.
From above you can see observation points. There are also underground rooms here - they were used as warehouses for food, ammunition and medicines. The shelling of opponents was carried out through small holes in the walls, and it was possible to enter the fortress only through the drawbridge (which is currently not functioning).

From the 12th to the 14th century, the castle was exclusively the residence of the Sicilian royal families; in the 15th century, prisoners yearned for Castello; at the beginning of the 16th century, the castle was used as a repository of firearms and housing for the Italian military. Today, it is a favorite tourist attraction that gathers crowds of history buffs every day.

Back to Maniac. When he entered Syracuse, he did an absolutely terrible deed - he stole the relics of the martyr Lucia (Lucia of Syracuse), the patroness of the blind, from the Syracusan catacombs, and sent them to Constantinople. The trace of the destroyed wall can be seen to this day in Chapel of the Sepolcro di Santa Lucia.
But the devastated place did not become less revered. Also named after this commander Cathedral of Santa Maria Maniace(Monastero Santa Maria di Maniace) is a monastery near Bronte (near Mount Etna). The cathedral was built in the 16th century on the site of one of Maniac's victories over the Arabs. Small, unsightly, but beautifully decorated on the inside at the expense of the royal family, today the monastery contains a museum.

Address: Castello Maniace - Via del Castello Maniace, Oritigia island

Noto (Noto)

Just 30 km from the city of Syracuse is a very interesting little commune of Noto. With a population of just 23,000, Noto attracts hundreds of tourists. And all because Noto is the center of the Sicilian Baroque, and some of the buildings of the city are included in the UNESCO lists. Very few people have heard about this city, most likely. But, if you find yourself in Syracuse, be sure to go to Noto. You can also hear how Noto is called the “golden city” - this is because after the earthquake in 1693, all the buildings were thoroughly destroyed and damaged, and the locals began to build everything anew, moreover, from special limestone rocks of a special yellowish-golden color, which shines especially on sunny days.
Interestingly, the city consists of two tiers. The lower tier is a collection of all the main attractions: palaces, city hall, cathedrals.
On the top tier, only the Church of the Crucifixion can be found. And the Upper Floor is a real live sunny fragrant Sicilian life in all its colors. Moreover, the city simply “embraces” the most beautiful forests and gardens; festivals and holidays are often held here. It is especially beautiful here in February, when almonds begin to bloom. Also, this is a favorite place for filming Italian directors. If anyone has watched the movie "Adventure" by Michelangelo Antonioni, the winner of the 1960 Cannes Film Festival, you should know that it was filmed in Noto.

Ortigia (Ortigia)

Either Ortigia or Ortigia, whichever is more convenient for you. This is an island with an area of ​​0.5 square kilometers in a bay near Syracuse. Otrygia is connected to Syracuse by three bridges (50 meters each). In ancient times, the island was the most important fortified fortress of Syracuse. The overthrown rulers of the city often fled here.
The history of the island has more than 2500 years! On the island you can visit and see various historical buildings - Greek and Roman ruins, medieval buildings and baroque buildings of the 16th-18th centuries. Well, for complete happiness, there are several cozy cafes and bistros where you can take a breath and drink a cup of coffee.

Helpful answer?

Even in childhood, while studying at school, we all heard more than once about the ancient city of Syracuse, thanks to the great inventor and scientist Archimedes. The first mention of the city dates back to 734 BC. e, so there are a lot of historical objects of archaeological value. Since 2005, Syracuse has been on the list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites. At one time Syracuse was the greatest city and major cultural center with a population of over half a million. Sicily did not always belong to Italy. The city owes its first flourishing in those distant ancient times to the ancient Greeks, who left a very significant mark on the architecture of the city.

Archaeological Museum Paolo Orsi (Museo archeologico Paolo Orsi)

Syracuse, Viale Teocrito, 66 - so the address, you can find and visit a very interesting and informative museum of archeology, named after the famous Italian architect. The museum itself is ancient, as it was founded in 1780. The area of ​​the museum, which houses unique artifacts, is 12 square kilometers, so you will have to be patient to get better acquainted with the unique historical finds. And to get acquainted here, there is something! Here, exhibits from the early Paleolithic period, many fossils dating from the prehistoric period are on public display. Most of the exhibits belong to the ancient period. Probably, it is not necessary to list all the masterpieces belonging to the museum. The priceless works of art include the statue of Venus Landolinsky, the sculpture of a young man (5th century BC), the tomb statue of the Reigning Goddess and the sarcophagus of Adelphia. The entrance ticket for an adult visitor is 8 euros, child ticket costs 4 euros.

Dome Cathedral of Syracuse

Actually high place Ortigia Island, at the address: Plaza del Duomo, Siracusa, Sicilia is the pride of the local residents of the Dome Cathedral. This is the most beautiful place of worship was erected on the site of an ancient ancient temple, where the inhabitants of the city worshiped completely different gods, in particular - the incomparable goddess Athena. Although for the sake of objectivity, it is worth saying that after the last excavations, historians claim that the ancient temple also stands on the ruins of an even more ancient temple. The modern cathedral became Christian in the 7th century. For the rest of the time, the cathedral underwent all sorts of changes, up to the 18th century. The cathedral is beautiful both outside and inside. The interior decoration impresses with its magnificence, richness and solemnity. Entrance to the cathedral is free.

Church of the Madonna delle Lacrime

While in Syracuse, be sure to visit the miracle of modern architectural art, the Church of the Weeping Madonna, located at: Syracuse, Via Santuario, 3. This temple was built for a long 28 years, with donations from ordinary citizens, and, in the end, in 1994, the opening took place. This grand building visible from any part of the city, as its height is 75 meters and plus a 20-meter bronze statue of the Madonna. The story of why the very idea of ​​building a church arose is very interesting. It all started because of a small icon depicting the Mother of God, from whose eyes real tears flowed. What happened next, you will find out if you visit the lacrimation museum, located inside the church. The cost of the entrance ticket, both for adults and for children, is 1.5 euros. Entrance to the church is free.

Ruins of the Temple of Apollo

Another attraction of the city located in the historical center of Syracuse at the address: Piazza Emanuele Pancali, 96100 Syracuse, attracts very a large number of tourists. The temple of the ancient god Apollo (all that remains of him) is considered the first and most oldest building cities. According to archaeologists, the date of construction is the 6th century BC. Judging by the remains of the temple, it was a grandiose building, commanding respect.

Palazzo Bellomo

Syracuse, Via Giuseppe Maria Capodieci, 14-16 - at this address is a house built in the XIII century. Over all these centuries, the building has been rebuilt several times, therefore, different architectural styles are visible in its appearance, ranging from modest Gothic to lush Baroque. Nowadays, there is a museum where you can enjoy rare paintings by Italian masters (Painter Messino "The Annunciation"), as well as a unique collection of various religious objects from various times, starting from ancient times. The ticket price for an adult is 6 euros, and for a small visitor you will have to pay 4 euros.

Catacombs of San Giovanni

In order to shake things up a bit after visiting the local sights, it is advisable to visit the ancient catacombs built in the 4th century. They are located at: Syracuse, Via San Giovanni alle Catacombe. These gloomy and terrible dungeons served as a burial place for the dead, belonging to one of the religious communities. If you have a desire to tickle your nerves and wander among the graves, which are already one and a half thousand years old, then prepare 4 euros for an adult ticket (children are free). It is said that some especially impressionable tourists meet local ghosts.

Fountain in Piazza Archimede

When you walk along the magnificent streets, looking at simple houses richly decorated with stucco, do not forget to walk along the amazingly beautiful small square, named after the native of these places, the brilliant scientist Archimedes. It is impossible to pass by it, since in the center of the square there is a real work of art - charming in its beauty, the fountain of the beautiful goddess Diana the hunter, surrounded by fabulous sirens and nymphs. The name of the sculptor who created this wonderful creation is Giulio Moschetti.

The only negative of the city is the complete lack of beaches. To swim in the Ionian Sea and sunbathe on the cleanest beaches, you will have to drive to the nearest towns, such as Fontana Bianche, the Vendicari Nature Reserve or Avola.

"Syracuse is the largest of Greek cities and the most beautiful in the world; it really is. Their high location not only contributes to their safety, but also has the consequence that the city from all sides, both by land and by sea, presents a very beautiful sight. Its harbors are within the city limits and partly surrounded by buildings; opening in two opposite directions, they merge with their inner corners, as a result of which that part of the city, which is called the Island, is separated by a narrow strait from the mainland, with which it is connected by a bridge.

By car

From Peninsular Italy: motorway A3 Salerno-Reggio Calabria, exit at Villa San Giovanni: from here the ferry leaves for Messina. From Messina - highway A18 to Catania, then highway Catania-Siracusa.

By bus

Flight information on the AST (www.aziendasicili anatrasporti.it) and Interbus (www.interbus.it) websites.

On a ferryboat

The nearest port to Syracuse is Catania, but you can also get to the city from Palermo, Genoa, Naples, Livorno.

Where to stay in Syracuse?

Church of Santa Lucia alla Badia

Chiesa di Santa Lucia alla Badia

Address: Via Pompeo Picherali, 4

Another beautiful temple located in Piazza Duomo is the church of Santa Lucia, the patron saint of the city, in honor of which festivities are organized in Syracuse every year on the first Sunday of May.

The church was founded in the 15th century by order of Queen Isabella, wife of Ferdinand of Castile, on the site where Saint Lucia was martyred in the 4th century. During the earthquake in 1693, the church was completely destroyed, but after 2 years it was restored.

The temple was built in different styles: the lower part of the church is baroque, the upper one is built in the rococo style.

Church of Santa Lucia alla Badia. Thinkstock Photos

Inside the church is covered with frescoes depicting the life story of St. Lucia. The church houses the work of Caravaggio "The Burial of St. Lucia".

Previously, a monastery also adjoined the temple, which was also destroyed during the earthquake and, unfortunately, was never rebuilt. Today, only one wall and stairs remain from it, leading to the visiting room, a room where the monks met with lay visitors.

Church of Santa Lucia al Sepolcro

Chiesa di Santa Lucia al Sepolcro

Address: Via L. Bignami, 1

Another church dedicated to the holy protector of the city was built in the 12th century on the site where the Byzantine basilica, destroyed by the Arabs, used to stand. The architecture of the cathedral underwent three modifications - in the 14th, 17th and 18th centuries.

The baroque decoration of the interior of the church belongs to the period of Aragonese rule. Previously, behind the altar of the church was kept the painting by Caravaggio "The Burial of Saint Lucia", 1608, which, after a series of restoration work, was moved to the Palazzo Belomo Museum, and later to the church of Santa Lucia alla Badia.

In the 17th century, it was decided to build a chapel dedicated to the saint next to the church over the place of the original burial of St. Lucia. The relics of Lucia until the 11th century rested in the early Christian catacombs (under the church of Santa Lucia Fuori le Mura, where access is now closed), until the Byzantine commander George Maniac ordered the tomb to be broken open and the relics taken to Constantinople. Despite this, the inhabitants of Syracuse continue to venerate the burial place of the saint. In 1634, the architect Giovanni Vermexio erected an octagonal chapel over this place and built an altar directly opposite the saint's tomb, which had been broken into.

Sculpture of the dying Saint Lucia on the altar of the chapel. Thinkstock Photos

Catacombs of Saint John

Address: Via di San Sebastiano. Tue-Sun 9.00-12.30, 14.30-16.30. Photography is prohibited.

Catacombe Di San Giovanni dates back to the 4th century and testifies to the important role of Syracuse in the era of the spread of Christianity. In terms of size, the catacombs of Syracuse are in second place after the Roman ones. Near the catacombs is the ruined church of St. John the Theologian in the Byzantine style.

In this church, in 254, the first bishop of the city, Saint Marcianus, was martyred.

Church of St. John. Thinkstock Photos

Spring of Arethusa

Fonte Aretusa

Address: Largo Aretusa

Long ago, at the height of civilization, the god of the river Alpheus fell passionately in love with the nymph Arethusa, who did not reciprocate. The rebellious nymph hid from the god, and then, with the help of the goddess Artemis, turned into a pure source in order to end the persecution. However, Alpheus managed to find his beloved and united with her, carrying his waters under the sea.

The source of Arethusa, which inspired many poets - from Ovid to Milton, is located exactly in Syracuse, in the historical center of the city, and is one of the most beautiful monuments of Syracuse.

Source of Arethusa. Thinkstock Photos

The source is fed by underground waters, which originate in the Iblean mountains, where the Chane river flows, flowing into the sea opposite the source. In the center of the pool of the fountain is an island overgrown with Syracusan papyrus, unique plant characteristic only for the Chane river valley.

Belvedere, which is located near the source, is the ruins of a bastion destroyed in the 19th century.

Castello Maniace

Castello Maniace

Maniache Castle is located in the southern part of the island of Ortigia and bears the name of the famous Byzantine commander, George Maniacus, who was the last to conquer Syracuse, driving the Arabs out of the city in the 11th century.

The bronze rams installed at the entrance to the castle are Maniac's gift to the city.

Castello Maniache was built by the will of Emperor Frederick II in the 13th century by Riccardo da Lentini, who is credited with the authorship of the magnificent Castel del Monte in Andria.

Castello Maniace. Thinkstock Photos

Noble visitors to Syracuse stayed in the castle, the Sicilian Parliament met (in the 14th century), it was the residence of Constance of Aragon and other persons of royal blood. In the Napoleonic era, the castle acquired an exclusively military significance.

Nowadays, the castle has been restored and today cultural events are held here.

Temple of Apollo

Tempio di Apollo

Address: Largo XXV Luglio

The Temple of Apollo is one of the most important archaeological sites of the island of Ortigia.

The temple was built at the beginning of the 5th century BC and has undergone many modifications over the course of its existence. So, in the early Christian period, the temple served as a church, then an Arab mosque and a Romanesque church of the Normans, then, in the 16th century, the Aragonese turned the temple into military barracks. Thus, the existence of the magnificent temple of Apollo was completely forgotten: only in 1860, the famous archaeologist Paolo Orsi discovered that an ancient structure was built into the walls of the Spanish military barracks.

The original structure of the temple was greatly damaged during numerous changes, however, some preserved fragments allow visitors to imagine how beautiful the building was in ancient times.

Temple of Apollo. Thinkstock Photos

The base of the temple measured about 55 x 21 meters, and columns were densely placed around the entire perimeter of the temple: archaeologists believe that it was the temple of Apollo in Syracuse that was the prototype for other Doric temples built in Sicily.

Elements of the temple, found during excavations, are stored in the Regional Archaeological Museum named after Paolo Orsi.

Archaeological Park of Neapolis

Neapolis arose in ancient times (in the 5th century BC): it was the new quarter of Syracuse, which is why it got its name " New town", Neapolis.

Today there are offices and shops here, but we did not come here for shopping, but to admire the unique archaeological monuments of antiquity.

Neapolis. Thinkstock Photos

Greek theater (Teatro Greco)

The Greek theater was built in the 5th century BC, then remodeled in the 3rd century BC. and rebuilt in the Roman period. Already from the end of the 5th century BC. it was used for performances by famous actors of the time, as well as for social gatherings. For centuries, the theater remained in disrepair; in the 16th century, the Spaniards used its stone blocks to build new fortifications of Ortigia, thus dismantling the stage and the low steps of the amphitheater. At the end of the 18th century, the Greek theater of Syracuse resumed archaeological work. Since 1914, the National Institute of Ancient Drama began to stage annual performances of Greek works in the theater.

Greek theatre. Thinkstock Photos

"Ear of Dionysius" (Orecchio di Dionigi)

Ear of Dionysius - a huge grotto, where access is located near the Greek theater. The grotto, according to legend, was excavated for the tyrant of Syracuse Dionysius the Elder in the 4th century BC. The myth claims that Dionysius kept prisoners there, eavesdropping on their conversations - the acoustics in this place are simply excellent. Scientists believe that the grotto was created to improve the acoustic properties of the Greek theater.

Roman amphitheater (Anfiteatro romano)

The Roman Amphitheater is one of the largest Roman amphitheatres, the third largest after the Colosseum and the arena of Verona. It was built at the end of the 1st century BC. and was used for gladiator fights. Most of the structure on the northeast side is carved into the rock, which allowed this part to be well preserved to this day. The Roman amphitheater was discovered by archaeologists in 1839.

Roman amphitheater. Thinkstock Photos

Hieron's Altar (Ara di Ierone)

The altar of Hieron II was erected in the 3rd century BC. It is a ritual altar almost 200 meters wide and is the most grandiose ancient Greek structure of this type, preserved on the planet. Grandiose sacrifices were carried out in the altar: the chronicle claims that the priests could sacrifice 450 bulls at the same time to appease the gods. Unfortunately, only the foundation has survived from the entire complex. In the original, the altar was surrounded by colonnades and a shady garden. The altar was stolen by the Spaniards in the 16th century to build defensive fortresses.

Hieron's altar. Thinkstock Photos

Regional Museum of Archeology Paolo Orsi

Museo Archeologico Regionale Paolo Orsi

Address: Viale Teocrito, 66

The Regional Museum of Archeology Paolo Orsi is considered one of the main archaeological museums Europe. It was founded in 1878. The basis of the museum's collection is made up of artifacts mined throughout Sicily, belonging to periods from prehistoric times to the time of the Roman Empire. Here you can see fossils that testify to prehistoric life forms, works of ancient art, finds from the Roman period and other valuable artifacts.

Not far from the museum there is a small park where you can also admire ancient Roman and ancient Greek artifacts; there is also the tomb of the German poet August von Platen.

Archaeological Museum Paolo Orsi. Thinkstock Photos

Capuchin Quarry

Latomie dei Cappuccini

Address: Via Puglia

In the 17th century, the ancient quarry of Syracuse became part of the Grand Tour, a mega-journey through Europe that took the young scions of wealthy families. Many ancient authors wrote about these places: it was here, in the caves that were located on the site of the quarry, that the Athenian warriors were imprisoned after the unsuccessful assault on Syracuse at the end of the 5th century. BC. Imagine that out of 50,000 warriors, only 7 survived! and they were sold into slavery.

Today, open-air performances and concerts are held here.

Walls of Dionysius

mura dionigiane

Walls of Dionysius - the remains of ancient walls that surrounded the entire ancient city built by the tyrant of Syracuse in the 4th c. BC.

The walls were built from limestone blocks mined in quarries. About 70,000 slaves were involved in their construction.

In 2008, a park appeared here, allowing tourists to fully explore the ruins of the walls. There is also a small museum, which presents territorial archaeological finds.

puppet museum

Museo Aretuseo dei Pupi

Address: piazza S. Giuseppe

The Aretuseo dei Pupi Puppet Museum is the first museum in Italy dedicated to Sicilian puppets: valiant knights and Saracen Moors, wizards, sorceresses and various monsters.

Puppet Museum. Photo flcikr.com

The museum tells the story of the craft started by the Vaccaro brothers, master puppeteers who worked from 1978 to 1995.

In addition to puppets, the exposition consists of various documents that capture the main historical moments in the development of the Italian puppet theater.

Shrine of Our Lady of Tears

Santuario della Madonna delle Lacrime

Address: Viale Luigi Cadorna, 139

The Temple of Our Lady of Tears was erected in memory of a miraculous event: on August 29, 1953, in the house of the Iannuso spouses, the icon of the Mother of God, placed at the head of the matrimonial bed, “wept”. "Tears" oozed from the eyes of the Mother of God until September 1.

The Church of Our Lady of Tears was built in 1994 in the form of a huge tent in such a way that its extraordinary dome is visible from almost anywhere in the city. At the top of the temple is a bronze statue of the Madonna.

Temple of Our Lady of Tears. Photo cmcarredi.it

Marine vacation

Plemmirio Marine Protected Area

Area marina protetta del Plemmirio

This is one of the most beautiful sea areas, located in close proximity to Syracuse. The Plemmirio Marine Protected Area was established in 2004 and is classified as a Mediterranean Specially Protected Area.

Plemmirio Marine Protected Area. Thinkstock Photos

It stretches along 14.35 km of coastline along the eastern part of the La Maddalena peninsula. The Plemmirio marine zone is located south of historical center city ​​and is the most popular destination for swimmers and divers throughout the summer. sea ​​waters zones have a surprisingly rich color - blue cobalt. Be sure to swim in these waters if you are in Syracuse in the summer or early fall!

Inhabitants of Plemmirio. Thinkstock Photos

Sicily in the minds of many people is something primordially Italian, and is associated with Italy almost more than the same Rome. However, in the pre-Christian era, the island was a Greek colony with a Phoenician "admixture". Actually, it was the Corinthians who founded Syracuse, which quickly became the most significant Hellenic colony in eastern Sicily. Even Cicero described Syracuse as the largest and most beautiful city of ancient Greece. But in 241 BC. e. Sicily could not resist the expansion of the mighty Roman Empire. From that moment on, the "Italian" history of Syracuse began, and the picturesque remains of both great cultures - Roman and Greek - have survived to this day.

How to get to Syracuse

Closest to the city of Syracuse, where many European air carriers fly. In the summer, direct flights fly to Catania from Moscow, St. Petersburg and other cities of Russia. You can choose the appropriate flight option in the form below.

From the airport to the city, the distance can be overcome in 45-60 minutes. There are several options here:

• use the bus. By this direction buses run by InterBus and AST. Buses run once an hour, you will have to spend a little more than an hour on the way. The cost of one-way tickets is 6.2 euros, in both directions - 9.6.
• order a transfer. It is very convenient to order a transfer to Syracuse by the appointed time of arrival. This can be done through the KiwiTaxi service. At the appointed time, the driver of the car will be waiting for you with a sign at the exit of the airport arrivals terminal.
• rent a car at the airport. Of course, car rental companies can be found upon arrival at the airport, however, if you plan to visit Sicily during the season, it is better to book a car in advance. The world-famous booking service - Rentalcars will help you choose. To get to the city from the airport, follow the E45.

You can also get to Syracuse from other cities in Sicily and some cities in continental Italy by train. Direct flights can be found from Catania, Messina, and even. You can find out the train schedule and fare on the website of the Italian railways Trenitalia.

Hotels in Syracuse

Syracuse - not only historical, but also seaside resort town, so the choice of hotels here is quite large. But it is worth remembering that in the summer, Syracuse is quite popular destination rest, so it is better to book a hotel in advance.

Among the most popular hotels are:

However, you can always choose your option that is suitable for cost and placement using the link below.

Sights of the city of Syracuse

Archimedes was here...

Syracuse is good for everyone, and we will talk about the brightest places later, but the first thing I want to emphasize is that it was here, in Syracuse in Sicily, that the great Archimedes himself was born, lived, worked and invented. Unfortunately, no artifacts directly related to the great scientist have survived to this day. All we have is the very hometown of Archimedes - Syracuse.

Many tourists fall for the myth about the “grave of Archimedes”, which is allegedly located on the territory of the current Archaeological Park. In fact, nothing really is known about the real burial place of Archimedes. Let us therefore regard the whole city of Syracuse as one great monument to a great Man.

Archimedes Square

The historical neighborhood with such an epochal figure as Archimedes is commonplace for the Sicilians, but the inhabitants of Syracuse still paid tribute to him, naming a picturesque square in honor of Archimedes. Its center is decorated with a fountain with a sculptural group by Giulio Moschetti. The main character of the composition is Artemis the hunter.

Archimedes Square is decorated with an elegant fountain with a sculpture of the goddess Artemis

Greek amphitheater

You can go back in time for 25 centuries by visiting the ancient historical region of Syracuse - Neapolis. The most significant exhibit of this peculiar architectural museum- the picturesque ruins of the Greek theater.

The Greek amphitheater in Syracuse is about 2500 thousand years old, and it continues to perform its direct function

The object is so ancient that its first reconstructions were carried out in the era of Carthage, and then the Roman Empire. The huge amphitheater, which at one time gathered up to 15 thousand spectators during a variety of events, has been well preserved to this day. Since the beginning of the last century, the National Institute of Ancient Drama has been holding festivals of Greek art here every year.

Roman amphitheater

From Ancient Greece we move on to the era of the Roman Empire, and immediately we “stumble” on another majestic attraction of Syracuse - the Roman amphitheater. At one time, the building served the same purpose as its Greek counterpart - for the entertainment of the public. Only entertainment in this case was characteristic of ancient rome bloody character - gladiator fights were mainly held here.

The Roman amphitheater is worse preserved than the Greek

Amphitheater built in the 1st c. BC e. For many centuries it was buried underground, until it was discovered and dug up by archaeologists in the 19th century. The scale of the building is by no means provincial - this is the third largest Roman amphitheater after and.

Temple of Apollo

Another important archaeological find discovered on the island of Ortigia in Syracuse in Sicily in the middle of the century before last is the ruins of the Temple of Apollo. The temple was built according to some estimates in the III century. BC. His remains were discovered and revealed to the world by a group of archaeologists led by Paolo Orsi.

The Temple of Apollo dates from the 3rd century BC. BC.

The temple changed its religious purpose several times as Sicily came under the rule of the Christian Byzantines, Muslims and even the Normans. The picturesque ruins look very impressive and contrast against the background of modern buildings.

Catacombs of Saint John

The greatest monument of the Christian pages of the history of Syracuse is the catacombs of St. John. The object is dated to the 4th c. AD The eminent archaeologist Paolo Orsi, mentioned above, devoted a whole ten years of his life to scrupulous exploration of the dungeons. In early Christian times, the catacombs served as a burial place for influential residents of the city. The most notable and interesting object is the sarcophagus of Marcian, the first bishop of Syracuse.

In the catacombs of San Giovanni, the inhabitants of the city fled from the bombing of the Second World War

It is noteworthy that the catacombs of St. John repeatedly saved the lives of many Syracusans already in the twentieth century. It was here that frightened citizens repeatedly took refuge from the bombings during the Second World War.

Cathedral

While in Syracuse, you can not miss the Cathedral. The first religious building that was built on this site in the 5th century BC. BC. by order of the tyrant Gelon, it was dedicated to Athena as a sign of victory over Carthage. Since then, the building has been rebuilt many times on the initiative of the next conquerors - first the Byzantines, then the Normans.

Cathedral of the city a prime example Sicilian Baroque

The temple was badly damaged by the earthquake of 1693, and was actually rebuilt, but in the Sicilian Baroque style. True, the architects managed to very harmoniously fit into the new ensemble the antique columns that have been preserved since the time of Ancient Greece. Some elements of ancient architecture were carefully transferred to the Paolo Orsi Museum of Archeology. This museum, by the way, deserves separate words.

Regional Museum of Archeology Paolo Orsi

If there is a desire to get a clear idea of ​​​​the cultural characteristics of the civilizations that dominated the different time in Syracuse and Sicily in general, the Paolo Orsi Museum of Archeology is a must. The famous archaeologist collected many artifacts found on the territory of Syracuse, and relating to all historical periods through which the city passed. The exposition contains interesting finds times of Ancient Greece, the Roman Empire, Byzantium, as well as the Norman, Arabic and Spanish periods.

Altar of Hieron

Another extremely interesting cult object of Ancient Syracuse is the Altar of Hieron. It was built in the III century. BC, and served for its direct pagan purpose - for sacrifices. The scale of the structure and historical evidence suggest that whole bulls were sacrificed here. And, which is a little amazing to please the gods, animals were killed here by tens, if not hundreds, in one ceremony.

The base of the sacrificial altar

Ear of Dionysius

In addition to man-made monuments of antiquity, there are also unusually interesting objects in Syracuse. natural objects. The most famous of them, where tourists always rush, is the Ear of Dionysius - a picturesque grotto, the entrance to which nature itself carved into the rock in a characteristic "anatomical" form.

The grotto "Ear of Dionysius" was used as a prison for a long time.

The history of this place is rather gloomy - in the IV century. BC. the tyrant Dionysus arranged this place for a dungeon, and he himself, using the acoustic features of the cave, eavesdropped on the negotiations of the most “important” captives.

Spring of Arethusa

Continuing the theme of the natural attractions of Syracuse, one cannot fail to say a few words about the Arethusa Spring. According to an ancient romantic legend, at the dawn of a civilization of dazzling beauty, the nymph Arethusa captivated the heart of the god of the river Alpheus. The rebellious lover did not want to reciprocate Alfea and asked Artemis to turn her into a pure spring, thereby saving herself from the persecution of the obsessed lover. The idea was unsuccessful, since Alpheus, even in this form, found his beloved and reunited with her, carrying his waters under the sea.

The spring of Arethusa has been known in the city of Syracuse since antiquity.

The real source is fed by underground waters flowing from the Iblean mountains themselves. In the center of the reservoir is a small charming island, covered with thickets of the unique Syracusan papyrus.

Palaces of Syracuse

Syracuse is also famous for its majestic palaces. The most famous and significant of them:

• Palace of Vermexio built in 1633 (located near Cathedral Square).

The Palace of Vermexio served for centuries as a meeting place for local authorities.

• Palace of Montalto on the island of Ortigia. In his appearance, a significant influence of the Gothic is visible. Archaeological excavations are still being carried out in the vicinity of the palace.
• The Moniace Palace is the most monumental and impressive building in Syracuse. The palace is located in the south of the island of Ortigia. The first stone of the building was laid in 1240. For a long time the palace served as the residence of the Emperor of Sicily, then it was chosen by the monarchs of the Aragonese kingdom. From the middle of the XVI century. the palace and nearby fortifications served exclusively military-defensive purposes.

Church of the Weeping Madonna

At the end of our tour of the sights of Syracuse, we will make a non-standard move and invite you to see the Church of the Weeping Madonna. Contrary to possible expectations, this is, to put it mildly, not ancient, but an amazing story is associated with this temple.

In 1953, a simple Syracusan family faced a real miracle - the image of the Holy Madonna "wept" in their house. Rumors about the weeping Madonna reached the officials of the Vatican, after which the highest priests of the Catholic Church, with the scrupulousness required for such cases, analyzed all the circumstances of the event for a long time before recognizing in the 70s of the last century given fact"official" miracle.

The Temple of the Weeping Madonna is made in an uncharacteristic futuristic style

Photos by: cc-by-2.0, Jerzy Strzelecki, Zde, Giovanni Dall'Orto, Sibeaster, Guillaume, Jerome Bon, Rollopack, Berthold Werner, Salvo Cannizzaro