So leave unnecessary disputes. "Better mountains can only be mountains that you have not yet been to." ©
Farewell to the mountains (from the film "Vertical") (V. Vysotsky)
In the bustle of cities and in the streams of cars
We are returning - there is simply nowhere to go!
And we go down from the conquered peaks,
Leaving in the mountains, leaving your heart in the mountains.
So leave unnecessary disputes!
I already proved everything to myself -
Which have not yet been.
Who wants to be alone in trouble?
Who wants to leave without heeding the call of the heart?
But we descend from the conquered peaks -
What to do, and the gods descended to earth.
So leave unnecessary disputes!
I already proved everything to myself -
Better than mountains there can only be mountains
Which have not yet been.
How many words and hopes, how many songs and themes
The mountains wake us up and call us to stay.
But we are going down - some for a year, some completely,
Because always, because always we must return.
So leave unnecessary disputes!
I already proved everything to myself -
Only mountains can be better than mountains,
Where no one has been.
Translation of the text of the song Vladimir Vysotsky - Only mountains can be better than mountains.
Farewell to mountains(from the movie "the Vertical") (V. Vysotsky)
In the bustle of cities and traffic
We return - simply nowhere to go!
And descend down from the conquered peaks.
Leaving the mountains, leaving the mountains my heart.
Which have not yet been.
I "m telling you, man.
Who wants to go away, my heart, not heeding?
But we descend from the conquered peaks -
What to do, and the gods came down to earth.
So leave unnecessary disputes!
I myself have already proved everything -
Better than mountains can be only mountains
Which have not yet been.
How many words and hopes, songs and topics.
Get away from us and call us to stay.
But we go down - who for a year, not
Because always because we must return.
So leave unnecessary disputes!
I myself have already proved everything -
Better than mountains can be only mountains
Where no one has gone before.
Farewell to the mountains (from the film "Vertical") (V. Vysotsky)
In the bustle of cities and in the streams of cars
We are returning - there is simply nowhere to go!
And we go down from the conquered peaks,
Leaving in the mountains, leaving your heart in the mountains.
So leave unnecessary disputes!
I already proved everything to myself -
Which have not yet been.
Who wants to be alone in trouble?
Who wants to leave without heeding the call of the heart?
But we descend from the conquered peaks -
What to do, and the gods descended to earth.
So leave unnecessary disputes!
I already proved everything to myself -
Only mountains can be better than mountains,
Which have not yet been.
How many words and hopes, how many songs and themes
The mountains wake us up and call us to stay.
But we are going down - some for a year, some completely,
Because always, because always we must return.
So leave unnecessary disputes!
I already proved everything to myself -
Only mountains can be better than mountains,
Where no one has been.
Translation
Farewell to the mountains (from the movie "the Vertical") (V. Vysotsky)
In the bustle of cities and traffic
We return - simply nowhere to go!
And descend down from the conquered peaks.
Leaving the mountains, leaving the mountains my heart.
Which have not yet been.
I "m telling you, man.
Who wants to go away, my heart, not heeding?
But we descend from the conquered peaks -
What to do, and the gods came down to earth.
So leave unnecessary disputes!
I myself have already proved everything -
Better than mountains can be only mountains
Which have not yet been.
How many words and hopes, songs and topics.
Get away from us and call us to stay.
But we go down - who for a year, not
Because always because we must return.
So leave unnecessary disputes!
I myself have already proved everything -
Better than mountains can be only mountains
Where no one has gone before.
So leave unnecessary disputes!
I already proved everything to myself -
Which have not yet been.
So leave unnecessary disputes!
I already proved everything to myself -
Only mountains can be better than mountains,
Which have not yet been.
So leave unnecessary disputes!
I already proved everything to myself -
Only mountains can be better than mountains,
Where no one has been. Farewell to the mountains (from the film "Vertical") (V. Vysotsky)
In the bustle of cities and in the streams of cars
We are returning - there is simply nowhere to go!
And we go down from the conquered peaks,
Leaving in the mountains, leaving your heart in the mountains.
So leave unnecessary disputes!
I already proved everything to myself -
Only mountains can be better than mountains,
Which have not yet been.
Who wants to be alone in trouble?
Who wants to leave without heeding the call of the heart?
But we descend from the conquered peaks -
What to do, and the gods descended to earth.
So leave unnecessary disputes!
I already proved everything to myself -
Only mountains can be better than mountains,
Which have not yet been.
How many words and hopes, how many songs and themes
The mountains wake us up and call us to stay.
But we are going down - some for a year, some completely,
Because always, because always we must return.
So leave unnecessary disputes!
I already proved everything to myself -
Only mountains can be better than mountains,
Where no one has been.
These lines from Vladimir Vysotsky's song from the film "Vertical" have also been fascinating and enticing for more than half a century. Mountain peaks, looking up, amaze with their grandeur, their impregnability. Few people manage to conquer one or another peak, and even the word “conquer” is not entirely appropriate. These mountains allow a person to conquer them, because each of them has its own special character. And, if a person manages to climb one of them, it means that they allowed him to do it, allowed him to "conquer" themselves.
Some interesting facts and events from the life of the mountains:
- Mountains cover more than one fourth of the land surface and are home to almost 10% of the world's population.
- Mountains are a reserve for many unique species of plants and animals, a source of water for all the main rivers of the Earth.
- The process of "birth" of one mountain lasts from 50 to 100 million years.
- The youngest mountain ranges originated 50-70 million years ago.
- The oldest mountains are over 300 million years old. They have rounded peaks and sloping slopes. Their height does not exceed 1500 meters.
- Water penetrating into the crevice of the mountains can split it.
- Glaciers are everywhere mountain ranges even located near the equator.
- When the mass of accumulated snow becomes too heavy, the top cover separates and falls, taking on other masses of snow. This is how avalanches are formed, which, despite their spectacularity, are very dangerous and devastating. The speed of avalanches can range from 100 to 400 km/h.
- In the mountains, the weather is constantly changing. Sunny weather can be abruptly replaced by thunderstorms.
- The higher we climb the mountains, the lower the temperature. It drops 6.5 degrees every 1000 meters.
- Himalayas are the most high mountains our planet. This is the kingdom of sky-high peaks, thirty of which rise above 7500 meters, and fourteen - above 8000 meters.
- Everest peak is located at an altitude of 8848 meters above sea level. The first climbers reached this peak on May 29, 1953. They were Edmund Hilary from New Zealand and Tenzing Norgay from the Sherpa tribe.
- most high point Africa is Mount Kilimanjaro. Its height is 5895 meters above sea level. Kilimanjaro is also a huge volcanic mountain range reaching a diameter of 90 km. This is one of the young volcanoes, whose age is 10 million years.
- most high peak V Western Europe considered Mont Blanc in the Alps. In 1965, a tunnel was opened under Mont Blanc, linking resort centers France and Italy.
- In September 1991, two tourists while walking in the Alps found at an altitude of 3200 meters the body of a man well preserved in the ice, who died, as it turned out, 5300 years ago.
- Mount Fuji is the highest mountain range in Japan.
- In Russia, mountains and hills are located in 43 subjects of the Federation and cover more than half of the country's territory. Among the favorite ski and mountaineering areas, one of the first places is occupied by the Caucasus.
- More than 80,000 people - residents of Tibet and the Sherpa tribe - live at an altitude starting from 3000 meters. The air here is thinner and therefore very difficult to breathe. But the organism of these peoples has adapted in a special way to survive in such conditions. Their blood carries oxygen better and deep breathing is more efficient. Sherpas play a big role in the development of Everest: they bring materials, make the path to the top more suitable for climbing, prepare food, work as porters, guides and even organize expeditions. In turn, arriving tourists contribute to raising the standard of living of this tribe.
Mountains are better than mountains
These heartfelt words, spoken by Vladimir Vysotsky, again and again confirm the sensitivity of his poetic soul, an extraordinary talent for perception. true beauty mountains Who was the founder of tourism in the Caucasus?
Pavel Alexandrovich Utyakov, a veteran of tourism, answered this question: “I consider Mikhail Yuryevich Lermontov to be the initiator. His description of the Ring-mountain and the painting "Elbrus from Bermamyt" confirm this. " Vissarion Grigoryevich Belinsky wrote about M. Yu. Lermontov: "The Caucasus took full tribute from the muse of our poet." And indeed, M. Yu. Lermontov amazes us with the depth of his attitude to the mountains of the Caucasus: “For me, mountain air is a balm, blues to hell, my heart beats, my chest breathes high - nothing is needed at this moment: I would sit and watch like that for a lifetime ."
To experience the feelings of M. Yu. Lermontov, you need to visit the mountains with a backpack among centuries-old pines and firs, near mountain streams and lakes, on snowy fields and glaciers, on peaks, feel the height of the eagles' flights. Only here you can understand that only mountains can be better than mountains.
The mountains attract, attract like a magnet, and it is impossible to count all those who admired Elbrus from the "Red Sun", from the Small and Big Saddles in Kislovodsk, from Jeepal and Bermamyt. Elbrus rises above the Caucasus. It is visible both from Stavropol and from Transcaucasia. Different peoples gave love names to the two-headed colossus: Yalbuzi - snowy
the Georgians call it mane, the Balkars and Karachays call it Mingi-tau - a thousand mountains, Kuska-mafa - the mountain of happiness among the Circassians, Uro-hokh the white mountain among the Ossetians. The Russians call Shat-mountain. Alboros is called it in Persia. Elbrus is the first to meet the sunrise. This picture was depicted from the top of Mount Bermamyt on their canvases by M. Yu. Lermontov and N. A. Yaroshenko.
In the lyrical collection "The Treasured Stone", written by the author of this book, there are poems dedicated to Elbrus. The author conveys his feelings about meeting the sunrise at Bermamyt in the poem "Morning":
The night has passed.
The lights are burning out.
Twisting a gray fog mustache,
Straightens his shoulders over the Caucasus
Giant Elbrus in a white cloak.
A ray of sunshine to a snow-covered hat
Touched with a fire sword.
Shkhelda with Uzhba, like a matchmaker's wedding,
Dressed up in scarlet red.
Mountains of steel peaks rose,
Throwing off the blanket of clouds.
Sun glare necklace
Decorated piles of glaciers.
Round dance in pure white dresses
We went towards young day
Snowy peaks to pass to us
Your boundless joy.
The dew has already risen in the meadows,
And Elbrus jealously watched,
Like fog with the thinnest veil,
How he cleaned the bride Malka.
Above the feather-grass soft bed,
Above the carpet of spreading meadows
The lark was filled with a trill,
The wind drove the flocks of clouds.
We met the morning over the Caucasus
-Morning of a blossoming day.
Never say that
What is left in my heart.
Over the course of a century, from the end of the new century to the end of the twentieth century, tourism has developed in the North Caucasus. Natural reserved places Karachay-Cherkessia, Kabardino-Balkaria, North Ossetia, tourist shelters and bases were built, untrodden paths were studied. It was mastered by enthusiasts, brave and determined people, and I am happy that I can tell about them in this book.
Even in pre-revolutionary times, from 1899 to 1915, the Caucasian Mining Society was active. For 25 years from 1888, Grigory Moskvich developed travels in the Caucasus. The development of mass tourism began after 1917. From 1926 to 1930, a lot was done by the State Joint-Stock Company "Soviet Tourist" of the People's Commissariat of Education of the RSFSR, even greater results were achieved by OPTE - the Society for Proletarian Tourism and Excursions from 1930.
The most active organization in the development of planned and amateur tourism was the TEU of the All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions - the Tourist and Excursion Department of Trade Unions. The special merit of this organization is not only the construction of bases, but also the organization of Soviet Union tourist clubs, which contributed to a large coverage of young people and their involvement in all types of sports tourism.
At the same time, it developed children's tourism, which was led by central, regional and regional children's excursion tourist stations. And so it was until the end of the 80s.
