Snow-white cotton mountains in pamukkale turkey. Amazing planet Earth. Geography: secrets and discoveries

Tajikistan has salt mountain-mushroom, which is visible from a distance of several kilometers, with a height of 900 meters. This Mount Khoja-Mumin. It is located 22 kilometers from city ​​of Kulyab. The uniqueness of this mountain is that it consists almost entirely of salt. Why "almost" - because at the top and on some slopes it is still slightly covered with a small layer of soil.

Since ancient times, the inhabitants of Tajikistan have been extracting salt here. In shape, Khoja-Mumin resembles a mushroom that has lowered its leg into the ground, the thickness of which is 1 square kilometer. And the area of ​​​​the upper part of the Khodja-Mumin mountain has 40 square kilometers. Experts have calculated that on the top of the mountain could be built small town in which one could live. mountain of salt shimmers in the sun in many shades, but bluish-green and pinkish colors prevail over the rest.

There are steep slopes on the mountain, which allow salt to "play" with all the colors of the rainbow. For many millennia, salty rivers have flowed from Mount Khodja-Mumin. Their number reaches 160. This is explained by the fact that the rains that fall over the mountain fall into the funnels of the mountain and salt water flows out of the bowels.

On soils that are located on slopes salt mushroom, grow low shrubs. There are also caves that are washed by streams of water. If people could take all the salt of this mountain, then humanity would be provided with salt for several centuries to come. There are about 60 billion tons of salt only in the lower part of the Khoja-Mumin mountain.

A remarkable fact is that, despite "all its salinity", there are reservoirs with fresh water. Which, however, do not feel bad here. This means that there are other minerals in the bowels of the salty mountain that contribute to the rise of underground water to the surface. Precisely, thanks to this fresh water, flowers and grass flourish on the surface of Khoja-Mumin, and in spring Khoja-Mumin peak even covered with a beautiful bright red carpet of blooming tulips...

salt mountain

In the south-west of Tajikistan, 22 km from the city of Kulyab, over a wide valley formed by the confluence of the rivers Yahsu And Kizylsu, almost 900 m rises mountain folded with salt Khoja Mumin.

Due to the rather high "growth" it can be seen for tens of kilometers. About this unusual grief knew the entire surrounding population, who in ancient times mined salt for their needs on its slopes.

Khoja Mumin is a giant block of salt, only at the top and in some places on the slopes covered with a layer of soil. The salt block is shaped like a giant mushroom, the "leg" of which, up to one kilometer thick, goes far into the depths of the earth. On the "cap" of this unusual "salt mushroom" with an area of ​​40 square meters. km could easily accommodate the whole city.

The slopes of the mountain, depending on impurities, are composed of pale pink or green-blue salt, which forms sheer walls 150–200 m high. Here, in some places, the halls of a luxurious “natural palace”, washed by streams of water, deeply cut into the bowels of the mountain. In the same place, where the slopes are covered with a thin layer of soil, small shrubs grow.

Salt reserves in the bowels of Khoja-Mumin are huge. They would be enough for the population of the entire globe for many centuries.

It is believed that 50-60 billion tons of salt are concentrated only in the above-ground part of the mountain. Rain streams washed in a limestone "cap", dressed on the top of the mountain, deep funnels that go wells to a great depth into the bowels of the salt mountain. Saturated with salt, these streams often come to the surface and even give rise to more than 160 salty streams that flow into the surrounding rivers.

The most unusual thing is that on the top of Khoja-Mumin springs of the purest fresh water gush here and there. It is believed that the key to this paradoxical phenomenon lies in the fact that there are other rocks in the thickness of the giant salt massif. Here, between them, under pressure, water from below, like through water pipes, rises to the surface of the mountain. That is why juicy herbs and flowers grow on its top. top in spring Khoja Mumin, shining in the sun with snow-white crystals, is covered with a bright red carpet of blooming tulips.

In the south-west of Tajikistan, 22 km from the city of Kulyab, over a wide valley formed by the confluence of the Yahsu and Kizilsu rivers, stands salt mountain Khoja Mumin. The height of the mountain is almost 900 m. It can be seen for tens of kilometers. The salt mountain has long been known to the surrounding population, which mined for their needs on its slopes.

This salt mountain is a giant block of salt, only at the top and along the slopes covered with a layer of soil. The soil on the salt mountain appeared as a result of the long-term deposition of dust particles brought here by the winds. It is literally the earth brought by the winds. The salt mountain in its shape resembles a giant mushroom, the "leg" of which, a kilometer thick, stretches for many kilometers deep into the earth. At the top is a salt mountain measuring 40 square meters. km; here you can freely place a large city.

On the slopes, depending on impurities, pale pink or azure-green rock salt appears, which forms walls 150–200 m high. Small shrubs grow where the slopes are covered with a thin layer of soil.

Salt Mountain has huge reserves of salt. They would be enough for the entire population the globe for many centuries. It is believed that the salt mountain only in the above-ground part contains 50-60 billion tons of salt. Rain streams washed in the limestone "cap", on the top of the salt mountain, deep channels, from which wells go to great depths into the bowels of the salt mountain. There they connect with long passages through which groundwater flows. Saturated with salt The groundwater come to the surface near the very foot of the mountain and give rise to more than 160 salt springs, which flow into the surrounding rivers and can become the basis of balneological clinics and resorts.

However, perhaps the most surprising thing is that on the top of the Khoja-Mumin salt mountain springs of the purest fresh water spring up! Apparently, in the very thickness of the salt there are other rocks, through which, under pressure, groundwater rises to the top. Thanks to fresh water, numerous herbs and flowers grow on the salt cap. Here you can find pistachio, maple, hawthorn, buckthorn, pear, juniper trees, not to mention various shrubs. In spring, the peak of Khoja-Mumin is covered with an amazing bright red carpet of blooming tulips.

The salt mountain of Khoja-Mumin is famous for its, the largest of which has a length of almost 350 meters, which are famous for their "musicality". Wonderful and unusual sounds are generated by the wind passing through long and thin salt stalactites hanging from the ceiling, and stalagmites decorating the bottom of the caves. The height of the halls in the most large caves reaches 8–10 m; streams flow along their bottom, leaving through the rubble in mysterious depths mountains and rising to the surface at its base. Various insects also live in the caves.

On the basis of the salt springs of Mount Khodja-Mumin, there are factories for the extraction of table salt by natural evaporation of highly salty water (brine) in square holes. The dry residue of brine contains 98% sodium chloride of excellent quality.

Khoja-Mumin-salt mountain

In Tajikistan, 22 kilometers from the city of Kulyab, in the middle of a wide valley, a unique mountain of salt rises - Khoja Mumin, whose height is 900 meters. It can be seen for tens of kilometers. From ancient times locals salt is mined from the slopes of the mountain. This gigantic boulder is composed almost entirely of salt, with only the top and some slopes covered with a thin layer of soil. The mountain is shaped like a fantastic mushroom, in which the "leg" 1 kilometer thick goes deep into the ground. The "hat" of this "salt mushroom" has an area of ​​40 square meters. kilometers! On top of the salt mountain, a small city could easily accommodate. The mountain consists of pink and green-blue salt, which plays with all the colors of the rainbow on steep slopes, whose height reaches 150–200 m. The mountain is also unique in that it contains small caves washed with streams of water.

And on the slopes covered with soil, a low shrub grows.

If you mine salt from this unique mountain, then its reserves will be enough for the population of the entire globe for many centuries to come! Only in the above-ground part of Khoja-Mumin is 60 billion tons of salt. Over the past millennia, the rains have washed deep funnels at the top of the mountain, which go like wells to a great depth into the bowels of the "salt mushroom". Salt-saturated streams flow from the mountain after rain, which give rise to more than 160 salty streams.

However, perhaps the most surprising thing is that on the top of the mountain springs of the purest fresh water beat! Apparently, in the very thickness of the salt there are other rocks, through which, under pressure, groundwater rises to the top. Thanks to fresh water, numerous herbs and flowers grow on the salt “cap”. In spring, the peak of Khoja-Mumin is covered with an amazing bright red carpet of blooming tulips.

Khoja Khoja is a Persian word, meaning old man, lord, master of the house. IN Central Asia this is the name of the honorary estate, leading its origin from the caliphs Abu Bekr and Omar, as well as from Osman and Ali, only not from the daughters of the prophet Muhammad, but from other wives. See Khanykov,