Piraeus is the sea gate of Greece. Modern Piraeus - where is it and how to get there. Museum of Laskarina Bubulina

The parking time of our liner was from 6 am to 5:45 pm. We didn't go to Athens. I was there 13 years ago and there was no desire to look at the rebuilt Parthenon again. And there are no other interesting sights, in my opinion, in Athens anymore. Therefore, we decided that it would be better to go to some Greek island located not far from the coast. Aegina turned out to be such an island. I was already there in 1998, but, to be honest, I have already forgotten everything. Therefore, the interest was the same as if for the first time.

And the day before, a notice was brought to the cabin that a strike would take place in Athens on October 14th. And public transport will not run, and taxi drivers are also on strike. So everything in itself was decided in favor of the island of Aegina.

The only thing I was worried about was that the rocket boats would not sail either. But we were lucky. Marine workers did not join the land "rebels".

I knew that the boat to Aegina sailed from pier (pier) 8 or 9. Meeting the dawn, I saw where these piers were. The direction was.

Walk about 20 minutes. But this is from our pier. There are other piers, much further.

In the morning we were in no hurry, and as it turned out in vain. Arriving at the pier, we saw that there was a "rocket" and people were entering it. We approached to find out if a boat was sailing towards Aegina. The ticket girl answered: “Yes, but you don’t have time anymore, because. the boat departs in 1 minute.” It was 50 m to the ticket office. There - back plus buying a ticket - it would be unrealistic to be in time.

Dejected, we went to the ticket office for tickets for the trail. flight. We look at the schedule - the next boat is only at 11 o'clock, and the outgoing one was at 8:50. Such are the breaks. I'm already upset. Plans are falling apart. And then suddenly a crowd of people rushes along the pier to the boat, on which the ladder has already been removed. It turned out tourist group. The ladder was lowered from the boat again. We quickly bought tickets and also ran along with the others. So we are incredibly lucky.

And my fault is that I didn't look at the schedule. For some reason I thought that the boats run every half an hour - an hour.
By the way, next to the cash desk of another company. And the timetable was 8:45; 13:45. Their boats are even less frequent.

The ticket price from Hellenic Seaways is 13.5 euros one way for 1 person. Not cheap. But I wanted to see the island where I was 13 years ago. Remember your youth, so to speak. Plus buy pistachios, which are famous for their taste. Sailed for 40 minutes.

If you are ever lucky enough to visit the Greek town of Piraeus, be sure to visit one of its main attractions - the Church of the Holy Trinity. It is a huge luxurious building, made in the Baroque style, the main decorations of which are a marble iconostasis and marble bell towers.

The tower in the right wing of the building is especially popular with tourists. It is a real work of art - a two-tier arched structure topped with a decorative dome with a cross. The monastery was founded on the site of an ancient wooden temple at the expense and on the initiative of local authorities. In 1856, the church became a parish church, and divine services and liturgies were often held here.

In 1905, there was a strong fire that caused enormous damage. The monastery was restored for a long time, in 1923 another small building was added to it, where the church library was located. Today, the Church of the Holy Trinity delights tourists with its luxurious appearance, as well as rich interior decoration.

Archaeological Museum of Piraeus

touch to ancient greece you can go on an excursion to the archaeological museum of Greece. All this amazing country saturated with legends, myths and the history of antiquity, but it is here that they begin to take on a real shape. The collection of the museum contains many sculptures found in Piraeus and related to Bronze Age. Also here are stored tombstones of the 5th and 4th centuries BC, a statue of Cybele, the mother of the gods (4th century BC), various ceramics, statues of Apollo, two statues of Artemis and many other unique creations.

The museum is open daily, except Sunday, from 9 am to 3 pm.

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Maritime Museum of Greece

The Maritime Museum will gladly tell all lovers sea ​​adventures about the history of the Greek fleet, the great navigators and other curious facts related to the sea. The museum was founded in 1949, and its collection spans a colossal period of time, from prehistoric times to the twentieth century. Several models of ships, navigational instruments, weapons, flags, maps, a large archive of books, as well as photographs and films are carefully stored here. In addition, on the walls of the museum are seascapes written in past centuries.

Today Dion is the largest and best preserved archaeological center in Greece. The real museum open sky.

In this place, the ruins of the past harmoniously coexist with wildlife. Among others, the goddess of fertility Demeter was revered here. There is so much growing here that it seems as if she still patronizes this place. Here the Macedonian kings celebrated victories, held the Olympics and felt the special closeness of their gods.

In Dion Park there is a sacrificial altar of the main Greek gods. To present a sacrifice to the Olympic gods as a sign of worship and respect, the inhabitants of the ancient city-states flocked here. Unfortunately, from the temple of Zeus, today only the foundation has been preserved.

Museum of Laskarina Bubulina

Laskarina Boubuliina is the famous heroine of the Greek Revolution of 1821. She was born in Constantinople, in a Turkish prison where her family was imprisoned. Laskarina's father was Captain Stavrionis Pinocis, an active participant in the Greek revolution against Ottoman rule that broke out in 1769-1770.

Laskarina Bubulina was a wealthy woman, as she inherited the capital of her late husband. With this money, she maintained a small fleet with crews, as well as an army of rebels. During the revolution, she financed the activities of the underground Greek organization Filiki Eteria, buying weapons and food for it.

In 1821, during the siege of the fortress of Nafplion, Laskarina Bubulina showed heroism by raising the rebels to a decisive assault on the fortress. In honor of her, compatriots opened a monument. It stands on the embankment, opposite the city hall. A memorial museum has been opened in the house of Laskarina Bubulina.

Antique Odeon

Dion is an ancient city located in the foothills of Mount Olympus. More precisely, in ancient times it was a city, but only the ruins of ancient times have come down to us, and Dion itself is now a quiet village, nothing reminiscent of its former greatness.

The first mention of Dion dates back to 424 BC. Even then, in the city, at the foot of the divine Olympus, there was a sanctuary of Zeus (in Greek, Dios) and the Muses.

Later, it became the religious and cultural center of Macedonia, and sanctuaries with statues of gods, a theater, an arena for sports, and much more were built in it. The next page in the history of the city was opened by the father of Alexander the Great, Philip II, who set up a training center for soldiers here, and from here his son Alexander went on his glorious campaign. Subsequently, the city was destroyed and was never able to recover again.

The Odeon is an antique circular structure like a theatre. Musical performances were arranged in the odeon, and the audience sat in the stands in a circle. The ruins of such an odeon can be seen while walking around Dion.

Church of Saints Constantine and Helena

The Church of Saints Constantine and Helena is one of the main attractions of the city of Piraeus. It was built at the beginning of the 18th century and is a luxurious baroque building that impresses guests and residents of the city with its luxurious appearance. The first thing that catches your eye is the majestic facade, decorated with large arched windows and stucco.

The entrance to the monastery is decorated with two tall columns, and the top of the building is crowned with a cross. On either side of it are symmetrical bell towers that begin to ring three times a week in the afternoon.

The Church of Saints Constantine and Helena was erected on the site of an old wooden church dating from the beginning of the 17th century. Currently, it pleases not only with its magnificent appearance, but also with rich interior decoration. Of particular value is the altar, decorated with amazing wooden carvings and precious stones.

Church of Zoodochos Pigi

The city of Piraeus is famous for its many architectural sights, one of which is the Church of Zoodochos Pigi, built at the end of the 18th century by three monks Gervasios, Serapionas and Averkios. The cloister was built on the spot ancient temple Holy Virgin Mary. It is located on top of a hill, so getting here is not so easy.

The structure has a strict, neat appearance. Its main attractions are three domes and a bell tower built in 1935. It is known that earlier representatives of the pottery art lived in the cathedral, who preferred to do their favorite thing away from worldly concerns. During its history, the Church of Zoodohos Pigi suffered two fires and was destroyed during the hostilities of 1922. The capital restoration of the temple began in 1935 on the initiative and at the expense of local authorities.

Currently, the church is active, several monks live in it. It has a rich interior decoration, there are valuable icons and an altar decorated with precious stones. Not far from the temple is another famous attraction - Genoese fortress Orii or Apolichne, dating from the 15th century.

Monument to Themistocles

The Greek town of Piraeus pleases tourists with many historical and architectural sights. One of them is a beautiful sculpture dedicated to the commander of the period of the Greco-Persian wars and the Athenian statesman - Themistocles. The figure of the hero is depicted in full growth, he holds a sword in his left hand, and a gilded trumpet in his right hand, which serves to call the warriors. Themistocles is dressed in traditional Greek clothing - a spacious shirt and skirt. On his feet are comfortable sandals, and on his head is a helmet with a tiara-shaped crown. The monument was cast in bronze at the expense of local authorities and donations from citizens, it was installed on a granite pedestal, having a height of about 1.5 m. The grand opening of the monument took place in May 2010.

Near the monument there is a small square with neat flower beds. Here you can relax on cozy wicker benches in the shade of broad-leaved trees. The Themistocles monument is so popular that you can find a smaller copy of it in any souvenir shop in the city.

Port of Piraeus

The port of Piraeus is the main and largest tourist port not only in Athens, but throughout Europe. About twenty million passengers pass through it every year. This port is the link between Crete, the islands Aegean Sea And Mainland Greece. It is divided into two parts, one of which is responsible for coastal shipping, while the second serves cruise ships.

This port is one of the ten largest container ports in Europe. The total area of ​​terminals for containers is 900,000 square meters, of which the storage area is 626,000 square meters. The location of the port is considered ideal, for several reasons: sufficient free stream depth to receive large ships and good wind protection. The ship handling capacity is 6,000 TEU.

The port has open-air storage facilities and a repair area that covers 5,800 square meters. There are also coolers for refrigerators and warehouses that are equipped specifically for the storage of dangerous goods. The infrastructure of the port is well developed: there are many cafes, a waiting room, and dozens of hotels are located nearby.

Karaiskaki Stadium

The Greek city of Piraeus is famous for many sports facilities, one of the most famous among them is the Karaiskaki stadium. It was named after the hero who fought for the independence of Greece and died in this area - Georgios Karaiskakis. The stadium is now the home arena for football club Olympiacos.

The opening of the stadium took place in 1896. It was used as a velodrome during the 1896 Summer Olympics. It was then that the French cyclist Paul Masson took 3 gold medals here. The first reconstruction of the stadium was made in 1964 and it was purely cosmetic. But in 2004, during the second reconstruction, it was completely destroyed and rebuilt. The reconstruction lasted only 14 months, but during this time they managed to expand the stadium to 33,334 seats.

On the east side of the stadium there is a monument to the fans who died here in 1981. It lists the names of all 20 victims of this tragedy. Also, in the 7th sector, at the site of the death of the fans, some of the seats are painted black.

Currently, the arena is part of 13 stadiums that have been awarded four-star status by UEFA. There are 40 VIP rooms and one Big hall for press conferences.

Stadium of Peace and Friendship

The Peace and Friendship Stadium is one of the most beautiful stadiums in Greece and in the whole world. Very often major international competitions and exhibitions are held here. Competitions in handball, volleyball, karate-do, Thai boxing, teikwondo and many other sports can be held on the territory of the stadium. Its infrastructure includes five dressing rooms, three coaching rooms, balconies for VIP clients and a cafe.

The stadium itself is located at a distance of 25 kilometers from the Olympic base. On its territory there can be up to 13 thousand people, and the area occupied by it is 81 thousand square meters. It is made in the form of a circle, along the perimeter of which there are many pillars supporting a massive roof that can open. Thanks to the unique design of this stadium, events at good weather conditions may be held outdoors. In 2009, a major reconstruction of the stadium was carried out, as a result of which the auditoriums, dressing rooms and coaching rooms were updated. Currently, the complex is in excellent condition and is ready to receive athletes from all over the world.

The most popular attractions in Piraeus with descriptions and photos for every taste. choose best places for visiting famous places Piraeus on our site.

Piraeus is one of three largest cities Greece - located 12 kilometers south of Athens, on the Piraeus Peninsula, in the bay of the Saronic Gulf. It is so closely connected with the capital that it is not perceived by the Greeks as an independent administrative unit. For local population Piraeus is, first of all, not a separate city, but the largest cargo and passenger port in Europe, the third major ports in the world, and the main railway junction of the country, with the main directions: Piraeus - Athens - and Piraeus - -. The port of Piraeus is an economic and financial center, carrying out maritime traffic with almost all Greek islands, the only exceptions are small islands Cyclades, Dodecanese and Sporades. Also, ferries from Piraeus run to the islands of the Aegean Sea. European cruise companies year-round use the services of the port, organizing regular cargo and passenger flights With different countries peace. This contributes to the fact that tourism infrastructure is actively developing in Piraeus with big amount hotels, restaurants, taverns, cafes, bars, shops, banks, ATMs and all kinds of companies that provide a lot of services. At the same time, the city itself is small, about 200 thousand people live in it.

Historical reference

It is known that the first settlements in this place appeared in the 5th century BC. Then Themistocles built a city here that served as the Athenian sea gate. At the same time, long city walls connected the ancient Piraeus with Athens, which made it possible, in case of war, for the inhabitants of the capital to receive both weapons and food. Defensive fortifications surrounded the entire peninsula, repeating the contour of the rocky coast, including all three bays of the Attica peninsula, which were used for the parking of the fleet. The thickness of the walls was about 5 meters, and their height exceeded 9 meters. They well hid ships, shipyards, marine warehouses and other strategically important objects from envious and powerful neighboring maritime powers. At the mouth of the harbor of the port of Piraeus, on a very close range, opposite each other towered two towers, which served as a sea gate for the entire Attic Peninsula. At the slightest danger, the entrance to the harbor was blocked by chains. Such a large-scale fortification allowed Athens to claim the status of a great city.

In 86 BC. Piraeus and all its defense facilities are captured and destroyed by the Romans. Later, the port passes to the Venetians, who installed a huge three-meter statue of a lion carved from marble here, for which the city was called Porto Leone. In the Middle Ages, the sculpture was taken to Venice, where it is still located. In 1850, the port of Piraeus was recognized as the largest in the country, and 20 years later the city was connected to Athens by rail. In the 70s of the XX century Greek capital, and the port of Piraeus have undergone a complete renovation. At the central harbor of Piraeus, at the entrance, a copy of a statue once taken away was erected. A few years ago, the Committee for the Return of the Lion was created in Greece. Today, despite the almost complete merger with Athens, the city has retained its face and special features of antiquity.

What to see

Rising above the port picturesque hill Prophet Elijah - Profitis Ilias. Here is one of the most attractive and sophisticated districts - Castella - where luxurious neoclassical mansions are connected by a narrow labyrinth of stone streets. At the top of the hill you can take amazing photos incredibly beautiful panoramas Saronic Gulf, Piraeus and surrounding areas.

The center of the city centered around the port and three natural estuaries - the central, Mikrolimano and the Zeya estuary. Walking, you can observe the endless cycle of people and a huge mass of goods from all over the world. The central estuary, called Kantar in antiquity, is the heart of the Piraean life. From here ships sail to Crete and the islands of the Aegean Sea (except Sporades). On the Zeya estuary - parking is organized for cruise ships and yachts. There is also a mooring for high-speed vessels called Flying Dolphins, from Piraeus you can get to the islands of the Saronic Gulf. On the shore there are a lot of shops, taverns, restaurants and bars that meet the needs of the owners of the most luxury yachts. The most colorful tourist spot is considered to be Mikrolimani Bay with fishing boats and yachts.

At the entrance to the port is one of the main attractions of Piraeus - the ruins watchtowers and antique old docks.

On Korais Square, one of the central squares Piraeus - majestically towering building Municipal Theater erected in 1880. This is a place for leisurely walks, romantic and business meetings. Nearby is the Piraeus Cathedral, made in the neo-Byzantine style. real pride the Pirates is Archaeological Museum, with a large collection of ancient bronze sculptures V-I V. BC, pottery and other artifacts of antiquity reflecting the entire history of the port of Piraeus, its heyday and decline in different periods of time.

The Maritime Museum settled on the Mutsopulu embankment with a large number of exhibits telling about the navigation of Piraeus and the history of its development: paintings, flags, maps, navigational equipment, a fragment of a fortification wall of the 5th century BC. BC, models sea ​​vessels from ancient times to modern ships.

The Karaiskaki stadium is located in Piraeus, where the first modern Olympics were held at the end of the 19th century, and then Olympic Games 2004.

Amazing and colorful, truly antique Piraeus - perfect place for relaxation for all tastes. Fans will also appreciate its merits active entertainment and fans beach holiday, and connoisseurs Greek history and art. Always in Piraeus sunny weather conducive to travel at any time of the year.

They are striking in their scale: the port harbors occupy a vast territory, serving hundreds of ferries and ships every day. The port handles about 20 million passengers a year, which allows it to be considered the largest passenger port throughout Europe.

However, behind the bustle of the transport hub, the city of Piraeus itself is lost, yes, it is the city, and not the district of the capital. Of course, the border between them is almost invisible, but legally Piraeus is considered an independent territorial unit. Today we will talk about sights and interesting places port city.

Initially, there was an unremarkable fishing village here. Only in the 5th century BC. the Greeks drew attention to a convenient harbor.

History of formation ancient city begins with the decision of the ruler Themistocles to move the port of the capital Athens to a more fortified place than the open Falera Bay. It was planned to maintain a large fleet (up to 400 ships), which would be difficult for the invaders to reach. Geographically, the Piraeus Peninsula was ideally suited, since its harbors are covered by long coasts. For even greater protection, they were later surrounded by walls that united Athens with the peninsula.

The construction of the port is also being developed by the city of Piraeus. Even the name of the settlement is connected with the marine theme: “to cross”, “to cross”. Former village turns into main sea ​​gate and a bustling mall. So he stayed until the end of ancient times: in 86 BC. The Romans capture Athens and Piraeus falls into disrepair.

In the Middle Ages, the territory was in the power of the Turks, who placed their flotilla in the former port. Now the sea harbor is called Porto Leone, and the entrance to the port docks is guarded by a statue of a lion. Later, the Venetians capture the port and take the statue to Venice.

But only Greece, which won its independence, returns Piraeus to its former level of power. The city is populated by refugees and migrants, and the port part is being gradually restored. In 1869, the first subway line was laid to the harbor, which indicates the high importance of the port.

In 1923, the city was captured by the second wave of immigrants associated with the signing of the Greek-Turkish treaty. Literally per day local residents increases by 100 thousand. The subsequent growth of the population and the development of the port lead to the fact that in the 1970s Piraeus undergoes extensive redevelopment. City receives modern look, and a copy of the already mentioned lion appears at the entrance to the sea berths.

Modern Piraeus - where is it and how to get there

Today, the territory of the sea harbor occupies tens of kilometers. But, despite the huge size, Greek city Piraeus is considered more a part of Athens than an independent municipality. This is not surprising: over the years of development, the seaside town has literally merged with Athens, and transport networks connect Piraeus with any point in the capital city.

The port is located in the southwestern part of Attica, on the shores of the Aegean Sea. The distance from the center of Athens to the seaside town is no more than 14 km. There are several ways to get to Piraeus:

• By metro (green line, line No. 1);
• By bus (from the city No. 40, No. 49, from Athens Airport No. X96);
• Taxi (from the city 20-30 euros, from the airport 50-60);
• On your own in a rented car.

Depending on the point of departure and the route of transport, the trip from Athens to Piraeus will take from 10 to 60 minutes.

Weather in Piraeus

As for all of Greece, in Piraeus, the peak of high temperatures occurs in July and August. At this time, the thermometer reaches +32-34°C during the day and +23-25°C at night, and the water warms up to +27°C.

And another small port of Athens is the harbor of Lavrion. The port is located in the town of the same name, located in the southeast of Attica. The distance from the center of Athens is 60 km, and from the port of Piraeus 70 km.

The sea harbor is equipped with several berths from which ferries leave for the islands of Kea, Kythnos, Lemnos, Thassos and others. The port serves up to 16 flights per day. Lavrion is famous among tourists affordable prices for rent of yachts and boats.

Pick up and buy a ferry ticket from the port of Piraeus

Attractions Piraeus

In addition to the large-scale port of Piraeus, the sights of local culture are famous, of which there are many in the city. What is the story of the repair of the intersection of Philo and George streets, when the famous Piraeus statues of Artemis, Athena and Kouros, as well as other sculptures and antiquities, were accidentally discovered. The collection was transferred to the Athens Museum, but later returned to his hometown.

In addition, there are many architectural monuments and specialized museums that store ancient artifacts. So the tourist in Piraeus has something to see and where to go on excursions.

This institution stores the "living" history of the formation of Piraeus. Here you can travel back to the time of Roman domination, catch the classic heyday of Greece and get acquainted with the culture of the Mycenaean era.

The total area of ​​the museum is almost 1400 square meters. The exposition is located in 10 halls, each of which is dedicated to a specific topic. The collection includes statues, bas-reliefs, ceramics, household items, musical instruments and embossed plaques.

The Archaeological Museum of Piraeus is located in a two-storey building at 31 Harilau Trikoupi Street. The institution is open daily from 08:00 to 15:00, except Mondays. The ticket price will be 3 euros.

Piraeus has the largest maritime museum Greece. Its exposition, which contains more than 2,000 exhibits, allows you to trace the history of the formation of the Greek flotilla. It contains ship models, weapons exhibits, sailors' uniforms, flags, naval awards, navigational instruments and maps. And the library fund has more than 10 thousand publications on the marine theme.

The Maritime Museum of Piraeus is located at Akti Themistocleous Street 12. The institution is open from Tuesday to Saturday from 09:00 to 14:00. The entrance ticket costs 4 euros.

Museum of Laskarina Bubulina

Foundation dedicated to the memory of a Greek revolutionary, the only woman in the world to earn the title of Admiral of the Fleet. She is the heroine of the Greek struggle for independence in 1821.

Today, a memorial exposition has been opened in the house of the glorious warrior on the island of Spetses. You can get to the museum with the help of pleasure boats departing from the port of Piraeus. Depending on the speed of the vessel, the journey will take from 4 to 2 hours.

One of the main attractions of Piraeus is the Church of Saints Constantine and Helena - majestic building 18th century, built in the Baroque style. It is echoed by the Church of the Holy Trinity, built in the same century, which survived a major fire, but was restored and bursting with baroque beauty.

Separately, it is worth noting the ascetic-looking church of Zoodokhos Pigi, which is a functioning monastery. It is located on top of a hill, so its high bell tower and domes attract tourists from afar with a majestic view.

Dion park

Archaeological center, located directly in the open air. The ruins of altars and temples, preserved sculptures, as well as ancient mosaics preserve the heritage and beauty of the past.

Not far from the park was the Odeon, an ancient amphitheater. Only ruins have survived to this day, reminiscent of the culture of the country developed in the era of antiquity.

Monument to Themistocles

The bronze statue of the commander Themistocles, which appeared in Piraeus in 2010, is so popular with tourists that every souvenir shop sells a small copy of it. The original sculpture is located on Akti Miauli Street.

Shops and restaurants

In addition to attractions, there are enough other entertainments in Piraeus. For example, the city has many cafes, restaurants and taverns where you can appreciate the local cuisine.

Also worth shopping: central streets Iroon Polytechneiou and Grigoriou Labraki are famous for their numerous shops, markets and shopping centers.

IN port city there are also equipped beaches located at a safe distance from the port and passing ships. One of the best areas is Votsalakia beach, stretching from Mikrolimano Bay to Zei Bay. In addition to sunbeds and umbrellas, there is a tennis court, a volleyball court and a swimming pool.

Popular hotels in Piraeus

There are enough hotels and hotels of various classes in the city. From popular places note here:

Rest in Piraeus is interesting for its peculiar sights and proximity to the capital Athens. Settling here, tourists can observe beautiful views port harbors, at any time go to the Greek islands or go to the city center and see the famous Acropolis.

Fascinating trips and pleasant experiences!

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Piraeus: Piraeus city in Greece Piraeus character ancient Greek mythology Piraeus nomarchy in Greece, located in the region of Attica ... Wikipedia

City in Greece, on the Aegean administrative center the nome of Piraeus; part of Greater Athens. 170 thousand inhabitants (1991). The main foreign trade port of the country (cargo turnover 13 million tons in 1980; the outport of Athens). Metallurgy, mechanical engineering, chemical, ... ... Big Encyclopedic Dictionary

This term has other meanings, see Piraeus (meanings). City of Piraeus Πειραιάς Country Greece ... Wikipedia

A city in Greece, on the Aegean Sea, the administrative center of the Piraeus nome; part of Greater Athens. 169 thousand inhabitants (1991). The country's main foreign trade port (cargo turnover over 10 million tons per year; the outport of Athens). Metallurgy, mechanical engineering, ... ... encyclopedic Dictionary

- (Peiraiéus) a city in Greece, to the north east coast Saronic Gulf of the Aegean Sea, in the region of Attica, as part of Greater Athens (See Athens). 187.4 thousand inhabitants (1971). Knot of two main railways: P. Athens Thessaloniki and P. Athens ... ... Great Soviet Encyclopedia

Marxist-Leninist ist. science, investigating and summarizing a huge factual. material, considers G. as ist. category, due primarily to socio-economic. the structure of society. Marx and Engels first opened the main. laws of development G. ... ...

- (Piraiéus, English Piraeus), a city in the south of Greece, 8 km south of Athens, is part of the Bol agglomeration. Athens. 176 thousand inhabitants (2001). From the 5th century BC. - trade. and a military harbor, the stronghold of Ancient Athens. In 86 BC destroyed by a Roman general ... ... Geographic Encyclopedia

- (Peiraieus) largest port and prom. center of Greece, part of Greater Athens. 184 thousand inhabitants (1961). The first settlements on the site of P. appeared in ancient times. In the 5th c. BC e. P. bargain. and military harbor, stronghold of Athens. The peninsula, on which is located ... ... Soviet historical encyclopedia

City- fortified settlements with perpendicular crossing. streets, sanctuaries of gods and societies. buildings already existed in 8-6 thousand BC. (Chatal Huyuk, Jericho), but to become an economic, political. and the cultural center of a certain territory. G. could only then, ... ...

Piraeus is the largest port in Greece. The first settlements on the site of P. appeared in ancient times. In the 5th c. BC. P. bargain. and military harbor, stronghold of Athens. P in, on the rum is the city, was surrounded by the so-called. long walls, conn. with Athenian fortifications ... ... Ancient world. encyclopedic Dictionary

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