Miskhor (Crimea). Rest in Miskhor, Gaspra, Koreiz. Miskhor, Gaspra and Koreiz - the most healing climate in the South Coast

And Alupka, stretches the coast of Miskhor, which is closely adjacent to the resort villages of Gaspra and Koreiz. These three medieval towns have long merged into a single whole. Miskhor (Missohor, Mushor) means "middle village"; Koreiz (Khoreis, Kyuriz) - "populated place", and the name "Gaspra" comes from the Greek "aspro" - "white". The affiliation of this epithet has long been lost (did it refer to a fortification, to a fortress, to a village?) - Gaspra and that's it. Although locals they call the White-headed neighboring mountain - it is possible that this is interconnected.

Today all along the coast are green beautiful parks, among which buildings of more than twenty health resorts are scattered, and even higher, in the mountains, growing Pine forest. The result of many years of research by specialists showed that the climate of all three villages is the most salubrious on the South Coast. The first mention of Koreiz dates back to the end of the 8th century; Miskhor and Gaspra, it is believed, arose a little later. By the time Crimea was annexed to Russia, the village of Koreiz was so small that it was not even included in the lists. settlements, this was corrected only by the beginning of the 19th century. In 1873, in the "Universal Description of the Crimea" it is said that this is a lively village with several shops and a tavern, where a traveler can dine without frills, but hearty. The first large Russian estate that arose among the Koreiz rocks was built in the 20s of the 19th century. the estate of Princess A.S. Golitsyna. Then the estate changed owners until it became part of the large estate of the Yusupov princes - the richest people in Russia.

In 1904, the palace was rebuilt in the most fashionable style of that time - the Art Nouveau style. This magnificence had to be shown to everyone. Prince Felix Yusupov was related to the Romanovs, and it is difficult to say which of the loudest families of the Russian Empire and the royal houses of Europe did not visit here. This Korean estate has since been called the Yusupov Palace. Naturally, in the 1920s the palace was nationalized and turned into a rest house. In 1925-26 F. Dzerzhinsky rested in Koreiz. The palace was so large and so well equipped that in February 1945 it housed the Soviet delegation headed by Stalin (the largest), which participated in. Dinner was given here in honor of Roosevelt and Churchill. But this was all much later. And in the 30s of the XIX century. a magnificent estate of L.A. is being built in Miskhor. Naryshkin "Sofiyivka" (or "Small Alupka"), and in Gaspra - "Romantic Alexandria" by Prince A.N. Golitsyn, friend of Alexander I, minister of public education. This is a palace of gray stone, ivy-covered. Here in 1901-1902. lived at the invitation of L.N. Tolstoy (A.P. Chekhov and M. Gorky visited him).

This is probably why the sanatorium for scientists opened here was called "Yasnaya Polyana" (1947). But first - in the 20s - he was given an outlandish name - TsKUBU (Central Commission for the Improvement of the Life of Scientists!) An extensive park was laid out around the palace: spreading pines, pointed cypresses, slender Lebanese cedars, pines and squat yews, magnolias. A little lower - artificial pond and decorative grotto. Here, in Koreiz, for the Grand Duke Peter Nikolayevich in 1897, according to the project famous architect P.N. Krasnova is built in the "Moorish style" indeed magnificent palace"Dulber" ("beautiful, magnificent" from the Tatars.)

The Grand Duke made big Adventure in the East, visited Egypt, Syria, North Africa and was completely fascinated. He even made several sketches of the palace himself. A very complex building (more than a hundred rooms) with silvery domes, carved stone inserts and mosaic compositions on the walls has become a real decoration of the South Coast. The park around is real Botanical Garden. Here are cedars and pines, holm oaks and plane trees, mammoth and pistachio trees, Canadian spruce. At the fountain with a sculpture of a swan - bamboo grove, yucca, pampas grass, Spanish gorse, cryptomeria and Japanese photinia, Greek fir, fan palm and banana palm. Of course, Soviet party workers also appreciated such beauty: in 1922, the Red Banner rest house (for their own) was located here. IN AND. Lenin sent Inessa Armand and his secretary here to rest. In 1938, a new building was built near the main mansion, also in the Moorish style. The pattern above the entrance was also intricate and in this pattern the phrase: "". Now it is an elite resort. Nearby is a sanatorium pine grove».

Once upon a time in this place pine forest, was hunting lodge Prince Yusupov, through a special underground gallery of which it was possible to quietly get close to the beast and game. And nearby - built in the style of "neo-Greek" - cottage "Chair". Yes, yes, this dacha is in the same park from the famous romance: “Roses bloom in Chair Park, there are hundreds of thousands of bushes in Chair Park ...” Indeed, there have always been a lot of roses there. Their breeding gardener Zherden gave 45 years of his life. His work was continued by his son and daughter. Palace "Chair" was built in 1903. designed by Krasnov, but commissioned by another Grand Duke - Nikolai Nikolayevich - who preferred classical architecture. So as soon as you see Greek columns and porticos among roses among the greenery of the park, you know: this is “Chair”. Then, at the end of the 19th century, the proximity of the royal residence in Livadia led to the flourishing of Miskhor, Koreiz and Gaspra as an aristocratic resort. Prominent architects and engineers were involved in its development. Hotels and private boarding houses, restaurants, gambling houses and baths were built. In 1914 appeared: Postal office with a telegraph office, a telephone exchange, a pharmacy, a bakery, coffee houses, a wine shop, a hospital with an outpatient clinic and even a folk reading room with performances and concerts for the local public.

On the Miskhor coast is established famous sculpture"Mermaid" (author unknown) and on the embankment - the fountain "Girl Arza and the robber Ali Baba" (project of academician A.G. Adamson). According to legend, in these parts there was a sad story about a girl who was stolen by a robber and sold to the Sultan. The beautiful Arza could not come to terms with captivity and, together with her child, threw herself from the tower into the depths of the sea. But the sea took pity on her and turned her into a mermaid. Since then, she and the child have been living near Miskhor. Unfortunately, due to storms, the Mermaid has already been changed twice, and now it is not quite the same as it was a hundred years ago. But everyone is happy to take pictures with her as a keepsake. And then, when it gets dark, with no less pleasure they come to the main alley of the park to admire the light and music fountain.

The park is always great! Miskhor is the warmest place in Crimea, with the mildest winter, so the park here is luxurious. And the oldest: founded earlier than others, at the end of the 18th century. On an area of just 22 hectares, more than 100 species and garden forms exotic plants! IN park area there is the largest boarding house on the coast "Miskhor", as well as other sanatoriums and boarding houses. In general, the aristocratic seclusion of these places and the accessibility of Yalta, with its amusements and bright nightlife, completely preserve the style of local recreation, which developed in the 19th century. Do you want to experience? You can easily get to these places from the Simferopol railway station, from where minibuses leave here every 20 minutes (travel time is just over two hours). You can also just go on an excursion "Palaces of Miskhor" from any city of Crimea.

And another innovation of the 20th century awaits you in Miskhor: over reserved forest stretches the largest in Europe cable car– over 3.5 km (rope angle 46 degrees). It will take you to the most, to a height of 1200m. It's the most popular on the South Coast excursion route. Be patient - in the summer there is almost always a queue. But after 20 minutes of travel you will be at the top and immediately see the sea and all three diamonds of the South Coast: Miskhor, Koreiz and Gaspra.

Behind the sanatorium "Dnepr" the steep banks of the cape Ai-Todor gradually move into the strip of beaches. Here begins the seven-kilometer coast Miskhor. Parks spread like an emerald carpet along the entire Miskhor coast. Snow-white buildings of numerous health resorts rise in greenery - there are about twenty of them here. Above the parks lies a pine forest. Resort villages adjoin Miskhor Gaspra And Koreiz. They practically merged, forming a single resort area.

See how in the spring in Miskhor,
Where the silver shaft foams,
The sea is constantly running
Destroying the outskirts of the rocks, ..

N. Zabolotsky

Miskhor with options Missochor, Myskhor, Myushor means " middle village" or " middle village".

Koreiz with variants Kureiz, Kureis, Horeiz, Khureiz, Khurizy, Kyuriz means "populated place", "village".

The name Gaspra, Gaspar (from the Greek aspro - white) should be considered as an epithet with a missed toponymic object - a village, a fortification, a fortress.

Of all the three settlements described, the oldest is Koreiz. Behind him are twelve centuries. The first mention of Koreiz refers to the early Middle Ages - the end of the VIII century. It was then called, according to the assumptions of scientists, the marketplace of Kurasaites. In the XV century. referred to under the name Curiz. By the time Crimea was annexed to Russia, this village was so insignificant that it was not included in any of the lists of settlements, and only by the beginning of the 19th century. finally received official recognition. Miskhor and Gaspra are believed to have emerged a little later than Koreiz, also in the Middle Ages.

The first mention of Miskhor, Koreiz and Gaspra in Russian printed literature belongs to the remarkable traveler and naturalist Academician P.S. Pallas, who left interesting notes about his travels in the Crimea in 1793-1794. Later Academician P.I. Sumarokov.

In 1865, as can be seen from the official "Lists of populated places Russian empire", the village of Gaspra "at the nameless spring" had 37 households, 201 inhabitants and a mosque, the village of Koreiz "at the river Uzen-Cheshme" - 25 households, 131 inhabitants and a mosque, the Miskhor postal station "at the fountain" - 2 courtyards and 15 inhabitants.

Soon, Koreiz began to play the role of a kind of center of three settlements and surrounding summer cottages. As noted in the "Universal Description of the Crimea" (1873) V.X. Kondaraki, it was the busiest village on the southern coast, which had several shops and an inn, where the traveler, without any requests or difficulties, could get bread, tea and a piece of fried meat. And the guidebook "Crimea" for 1914 recorded that there was a post office, a telegraph office, a telephone exchange, a pharmacy, a bakery, coffee houses, wine shops in Koreiz; an outpatient clinic of the Tuberculosis League was opened at the Korean hospital; performances and concerts were held in the Korean folk reading room.

Today Koreiz and Gaspra are urban-type settlements with 17 thousand inhabitants.

In Koreiz, Gaspra and their environs, there are still preserved ancient palaces and villas - architectural monuments of the first half of the last century, very reminiscent of medieval feudal castles. It was these samples that were chosen for their dachas by their former owners - the princes Golitsyn, Naryshkin, Meshchersky. The palaces were built according to the designs of invited foreign architects and served as suburban rural residences for Russian landlords, the same as in the 18th century estates near Moscow were for them.

The first and largest estate that arose among the Korean rocks was the estate of a relative of the then influential nobleman A.N. Golitsyna Princess A.S. Golitsyna.

Almost simultaneously with it, the estate of L.A. was erected. Naryshkin "Sofiyivka" (or "Malaya Alupka") in Miskhor, where the first building of the Kommunary sanatorium is now located. Somewhat later, the so-called " romantic Alexandria"Prince A.N. Golitsyn, friend of Alexander 1, Chief Prosecutor of the Synod and Minister of Education in 1816-1824. This mansion with lancet windows and two octagonal towers on the sides has survived to this day - now it houses a sanatorium" Yasnaya Polyana".

Gaspri Castle was built according to the project of the first government architect South Shore F. Elson and, according to experts, is the most solid and well-proportioned creation of the Crimean manor "Gothic". The construction of the house was led by the Englishman V. Gunt, who took part in the construction Vorontsov Palace in Alupka. By the autumn of 1833, the construction was completed only in the rough. The arrangement of the estate was completed by the laying out of the park.

To Yasnaya Polyana in September 1901 T. after a serious illness, the great Russian writer L.N. Tolstoy. "It was a rich, well-finished and equipped house, one of those palazzos that every wealthy European considers it a duty to have on the shore mediterranean sea or another resort, - wrote an employee of the board of the Moscow-Kursk railway, an acquaintance of Tolstoy P.A. Boulanger, who accompanied the writer to the Crimea. - He was located on the lower floor to the right, in a room adjacent to the hall and with windows facing west and south, but from the south there was a covered terrace that protected from the sun.

In the Crimea, L.N. Tolstoy met with A.P. Chekhov, A.M. Gorky, V.G. Korolenko, A.I. Kuprin, S.Ya. Elpatevsky, S.G. Wanderer, artist G.G. Myasoedov, singer F.I. Chaliapin, pianist A.B. Goldenweiser, publisher M.I. Vodovozova.

Today Yasnaya Polyana is a health resort for mother and child. It treats diseases of the upper respiratory tract of a non-tuberculous nature. Behind last years several buildings, a cable car to the beach were built, which significantly increased the capacity of the sanatorium, improved the quality and culture of service.

In the former "Tolstoy" living room, a permanent exhibition of documents and photographs about the life and literary activities of the writer during his three visits to the Crimea - in 1854-1855 and 1901-1902 - was launched. At the entrance to the palace there is a bust of Tolstoy by the Yalta sculptor D.M. Zhuravlev.

Beginning in 1785, the favorite of the Empress, Potemkin, began to invite winegrowers to the Crimea, prescribe the best varieties of vines, and in every possible way encourage those landowners who planted orchards and vineyards. They were given state lands for free use and even for personal "hereditary possession".

Particularly inviting corner Russian state became the coast after the Crimean War. Here, to the south, court nobility, the highest royal officials, and landowners rush.

The southern coast turns into an aristocratic resort. Hotels and private boarding houses, restaurants, gambling houses and baths are being built. Prominent architects and engineers are involved in the development of the coast.

Koreiz becomes the property of one of the richest people in Russia - Prince Yusupov, who was related to the Romanovs.

The climate of Koreiz and Gaspra is much drier than Miskhor. Relative humidity ranges here from 52 to 70 percent.

The dryness of the air in Koreiz and Gaspra is explained by the close proximity of the yayla, which changes the direction of humid western winds, and the fact that the stony soil does not retain moisture for a long time. Thanks to this, as well as the sea breezes in Koreiz and Gaspra, despite the high air temperature in July and August, you usually do not feel stuffy.

In 1875, one of the English travelers, comparing the Russian Riviera, as it was fashionable at that time to call the southern coast of Crimea, with the Mediterranean, wrote: " I allow myself to doubt that any part Southern Italy could compete with this area in the Crimea. Throughout more than a hundred miles, the Crimean coast presents one continuous picture, containing all the charm and tenderness of the Italian climate ...".

Behind Gaspra is located resort village Koreiz. The Koreizsky (former Yusupov) Palace is of interest here. On its territory there was one of the first landlord estates of the South Bank, back in the 20s of the XIX century. built up by Princess A.S. Golitsyna. Later, the estate became part of the large estate of the Yusupov princes. In 1904, a palace in the Art Nouveau style was built here according to the project of the Yalta architect Ashliman. The building has the shape of a horseshoe, the convex part facing the sea. In February 1945, during the Yalta Conference of the Heads of the Three Great Powers, the Soviet government delegation was accommodated in the Koreiz Palace.

Resort Miskhor considered one of the best on the Crimean coast. Warm, moderately humid climate average temperature in July and August +25, in September up to 4-21, in October and May up to -1-16 ° C, refreshing sea breezes with a cloudless sky make it great place where diseases of the nervous system, respiratory and circulatory organs are treated.

If you look at the Miskhor coast from above, for example, from a tourist trail winding at an altitude of 150-208 m, you can understand the meaning of the name "Miskhor". In the east, above Cape Ai-Todor, lies the resort village of Gaspra, next to it is Koreiz. Ahead behind the green hills - Alupka, and further to the west - Simeiz. Miskhor ("middle village") is located in the middle between them.

Here is the most famous and popular health resort "Ukraine" among foreigners. " Snow-white antique temple on the background blue sea and Ai-Petri, surrounded by a romantic grove of dark cypresses"- this is how the English writer James Aldridge captured the sanatorium in the novel "Prisoner of a Foreign Country". In the warm season, vacationers from many countries visit the sanatorium. Memorable for "Ukraine" was a visit to it in 1955 by the outstanding statesman of the Republic of India Jaaharlal Nehru.

"Marat" is the name of the outstanding figure of the French bourgeois revolution, Jean Paul Marat, is worn by the trade union health resort of the pulmonological profile, where, with the help of physiotherapy exercises, the medical rehabilitation of patients with chronic diseases: pneumonia, bronchitis, inflammation of the upper respiratory tract.

nearby - Sanatorium "Pine Grove" and country house "Chair", which are located in a magnificent park, where roses bloom until late autumn, about which they once sang in the forgotten romance "Roses bloom in Chair Chair ...".

At one of the turns you can see the silvery domes of the Moorish construction. This oldest house recreation<"Дюльбер" ("Красное знамя"), ведущий свою историю с 1922 г.

Many prominent figures of the international workers' movement rested in Dulber. His guests were the leader of the Vietnamese people Ho Chi Minh, the Turkish poet Nazim Hikmet.

Nearby is Miskhorsky Park - a monument of gardening art, founded at the end of the 18th century. About 100 species and garden forms of exotic trees and shrubs are concentrated on an area of 21.3 hectares. There is a color-music fountain here. The history of the park is rich. Many writers, poets, composers and artists have been here. In 1984, a monument to A.M. Gorky, depicting the writer during his stay in Miskhor in 1901-1902, when he worked on the play "At the Bottom", notes about L.N. Tolstoy, which later formed the basis of his memoirs "Leo Tolstoy", which became a generalized literary portrait of the patriarch of Russian literature.

In the park zone there is the largest boarding house "Miskhor" on the coast for the rest of parents with children, the house of creativity of the Union of Theater Workers, the cottage "Miskhor", the sanatorium "Kommunary".

Sculptural groups stand out on the Miskhor coast - the bronze "Mermaid", rising from the sea with a child in her arms, and the fountain "Arza's Girl and the Robber Ali Baba" built on the embankment. These sculptures are connected with the legend of the beautiful Arza, who was kidnapped by the robber Ali Baba and sold into the harem of the Turkish Sultan...

"... She yearned, Arzy cried, did not find a place for herself in the harem and melted not but for days, but for hours. She gave birth to a boy, but he did not bring relief to her soul. Exactly one year after the robbers seized her on a distant Crimean beret near her favorite fountain, Arzy and her child rushed into the abyss of the Bosporus.

That same evening, a sad mermaid with a baby swam for the first time to the fountain off the coast of Miskhor. Since then, once a year, on the day when Arzy was abducted, the fountain began to flow stronger, and at the same hour a mermaid with a baby in her arms appeared from the quiet waves.".

The legend reflects actual cases of young women being kidnapped by Turkish pirates and sold into the harems of Istanbul pashas and beys. Such a "fishery" existed until the 19th century. The sculpture "Mermaid" and the fountain were made at the beginning of this century according to the project of the famous Estonian sculptor, academician of the St. Petersburg Academy of Arts A.G. Adamson, the author of the monument to the sunken ships in Sevastopol.

We decided to write about the resorts of Miskhor, Koreiz and Gaspra as part of one review, since at the moment, in fact, they form a single conglomerate.

Miskhor - once a separate settlement, in 1958 became part of the urban-type settlement of Koreiz, and administratively has not existed since then.

Now "Miskhor" is present in the names of the park, sanatorium, and the resort area in the area of the former village is often called Miskhor. There are several opinions about which territories the Miskhor resort area includes. Some argue that this is a coastal area stretching from Cape Ai-Todor to Alupka, others that it is a resort area that includes the villages of Gaspra and Koreiz. The latter opinion is the most widespread, and we will join it. As for Gaspra and Koreiz themselves, these are small villages located 10 and 12 km. to the southwest of Yalta, whose borders have long merged, and only local residents can tell where Koreiz ends and Gaspra begins. Further in the text we will write about Miskhor as a resort that includes the villages of Gaspra and Koreiz.

Climate

The climate of the resort is subtropical and similar to the Mediterranean, it is characterized by hot and long summers. The average daily air temperature of the hottest months of July and August reaches 25°C, in September it is already 21°C. The swimming season starts in June and lasts until October, ending at the same time as the velvet season. Many sources call the climate of this resort the warmest in the South Coast and claim that the water here is the warmest in the Crimea.

Beaches of Miskhor

The very long beaches of Miskhor are pebbly, of artificial origin, mostly not wide, protected by a large number of breakwaters and have such amenities as changing cabins, shady awnings, etc.

Entrance is paid almost everywhere, unless you live in a sanatorium with your own beach. An essential advantage of the resort is the fact that its beaches are not as crowded as in most other resorts on the southern coast of Crimea, and on the beaches of some resorts it is spacious even in season.

Housing in Miskhor

Since Soviet times, the whole Miskhor has been built up with sanatoriums, and recently private hotels, hotels, boarding houses have appeared. The private sector is also adapting to the needs of vacationers. Next, we note what to remember when choosing accommodation in Miskhor:

The built-up area goes about two kilometers deep into the peninsula and climbs up the mountains for a couple of hundred meters. Accordingly, if you settle far from the sea, hiking trips from the beach can spoil your vacation. To solve this problem, a cable car was built connecting distant regions with the sea, but you also need to get to it. Local residents call the areas adjacent to the sea "Nizhny Miskhor", or by the names of the villages - "Nizhny Koreiz", "Nizhnyaya Gaspra", and the remote ones - "Upper Koreiz", etc.
There is a problem with the supply of water, both hot and cold. Please clarify this question beforehand. True, at the end of 2011, the authorities reported on the solution of the water problem, but what will really happen in the season is still unknown.
Prices are very high, if you see a good combination of price / repair / amenities, most likely, housing is located far from the sea.

Things to Do in Miskhor

Entertainment in the villages is traditional beach (slides, scooters, catamarans),sea and land trips, as well as excursions with a bias towards numerous attractions located in the area. Here are some of them: Swallow's Nest, Mount Ai-Petri with its famous cable car, Miskhor Park, Dyulber Palace.If this is not enough - Yalta is 10 kilometers away, there will surely be something to your liking.

Nutrition

With food in such a developed resort, you should not have any problems. Numerous cafes and restaurants in Miskhor provide a choice for every taste and budget. In addition, many sanatoriums and boarding houses provide meals that are included in the cost of living, or paid separately. There are, of course, grocery stores and a market here.

How to get to Miskhor

You can get to Miskhor by road or sea transport. Motor transport runs from Sevastopol, Simferopol, Yalta and back. During the navigation season, passenger boats carry out transportation from Alushta to Alupka.

Additional information about Miskhor:

Useful information for tourists about Koreiz - Miskhor in Crimea - geographical location, tourist infrastructure, map, architectural features and attractions.

Miskhor is a seaside climatic resort area, which is located on the southern coast of Crimea, between Livadia and Cape Ai-Todor. The coast is located 12 kilometers from Yalta. It is closely adjacent to the villages of Koreiz and Gaspra, between which Miskhor is sandwiched. This is where the name of the seven-kilometer coast comes from, since Miskhor is translated in guidebooks as “middle village” or “middle village”, but this only gives additional confusion, because formally there is no Miskhor at all, but there are lands of the Koreiz village council that adjoin the western part of Koreiz - Miskhorsky park.

The first mention of the village of Koreiz dates back to the 8th century. Miskhor, as scientists believe, arose in the Middle Ages, but a little later than Koreiz. Until the annexation of Crimea to Russia, this village was so small that it was not even included in the list of settlements. Only by the beginning of the 19th century, the village finally acquired an official status. Since 1958, Miskhor has not been a separate settlement in the administrative sense, it was included in the Koreiz village.

The most striking attraction of the resort Miskhor is a monument of landscape art Miskhor Park of the 18th century. In the very center of the park there is a famous palm alley founded by Prince Naryshkin. Also in the park there is a monument to M. Gorky.

Another pride of this resort area is the Miskhor - Ai-Petri cable car, listed in the Guinness Book of Records, as it is the only cable car in Europe that has an unsupported section with a length of 1860 meters. The suspension road is designed to lift vacationers and tourists to one of the most beautiful mountains of Crimea - Ai-Petri.

Also, one of the attractions of Miskhor is the Dulber Palace, built in the 19th century in the Moorish style by order of Count P. Romanov.

The visiting card of the resort is a sculptural group located on the coast, consisting of a bronze "Mermaid", the fountain "Arzy's Girl" and the robber "Ali Baba".

Miskhor is a suitable place not only for a wonderful holiday, but also for recovery. The unique healing microclimate with saturated air of salts of marine origin and phytoncides of the park's plants contributes to strengthening and healing. In addition, there are many sanatoriums and boarding houses. The most famous among them are: the sanatorium "Ukraine", "Dyulber", "Pine Grove" and the sanatorium "Miskhor".

Every year thousands of tourists come to rest in Miskhor. Due to its favorable geographical location, Miskhor is considered one of the most prestigious resorts in Crimea.

There are several beaches in Miskhor. All of them are pebbly. The most popular beaches of this resort are the City Beach and Gurovsky Stones. The first one is located on the waterfront. Entrance to the beach area is free.

The beach "Gurovskie stones" is very well equipped. It has a fairly developed infrastructure. There are cafes, bars, water attractions for adults and children, tents with ice cream and water. The entrance to this beach is paid.

A popular beach among young people is Sputnik. For admirers of solitude in Miskhor there are two beaches - Chekhovka beach and Nudist beach. Most of the beaches are private. They belong to recreation centers, boarding houses and the Artek children's health resort.

For vacationers in Miskhor there is a huge selection of accommodation - hotels, holiday homes and boarding houses. Each vacationer will be able to choose the most convenient accommodation option for themselves.

Miskhor, Koreiz, Gaspra

Behind the Dnepr sanatorium, the steep shores of Cape Ai-Todor gradually turn into a strip of beaches. Here you start” the seven-kilometer coast of Miskhor. Parks spread like an emerald carpet along the entire Miskhor coast. Snow-white buildings of numerous health resorts rise in greenery - there are about twenty of them here. Above the parks lies a pine forest.

The resort villages of Gaspra and Koreiz adjoin Miskhor. They "practically merged, forming a single resort area.

Miskhor with options Missochor, Myskhor, Myushor means "middle village" or "middle village".
Koreiz with variants Kureiz, Kurene, Horeiz, Khureiz, Khurizy, Kyuriz means "populated place", "village".

The name Gaspra, Gaspara (from the Greek aspro - white) should be considered as an epithet with a missed toponymic object - a village, a fortification, a fortress.

Miskhor and Gaspra are believed to have emerged a little later than Koreiz, also in the Middle Ages.

In 1865, as can be seen from the official "Lists of populated places of the Russian Empire", the village of Gaspra "with an unnamed mole" had 37 households, 201 inhabitants and a mosque, the village of Koreiz "by the river Uzen-Cheshme" - 25 households, 131 inhabitants and a mosque , Miskhor postal station "at the fountain" - 2 yards and 15 residents.

Soon, Koreiz began to play the role of a kind of center of three settlements and surrounding summer cottages. As noted in the Universal Description of the Crimea (1873) by V.Kh. Kondaraki, it was the busiest village on the southern coast, which had several shops and an inn, where the traveler, without any requests or difficulties, could get bread, tea and a piece of fried meat. And the Crimea guide for 1914 recorded that there was a post office, a telegraph office, a telephone exchange, a pharmacy, a bakery, coffee houses, wine shops in Koreiz; an outpatient clinic of the Tuberculosis League was opened at the Korean hospital; performances and concerts were held in the Korean folk reading room.

Today Koreiz and Gaspra are urban-type settlements with 17 thousand inhabitants.

In Koreiz, Gaspra and their environs, ancient palaces and villas are still preserved - architectural monuments of the first half of the last century, very reminiscent of medieval feudal castles. It was these samples that were chosen for their dachas by their former owners - the princes Golitsyn, Naryshkin, Meshchersky. The palaces were built according to the designs of invited foreign architects and served as suburban rural residences for Russian landlords, the same as in the 18th century estates near Moscow were for them.

The first and largest estate that arose among the Korean rocks was the estate of a relative of the then influential nobleman A.N. Golitsyna Princess A.S. Golitsyna.

Almost simultaneously with it, the estate of L.A. was erected. Naryshkin "Sofiyivka" (or "Malaya Alupka") in Miskhor, where the first building of the Kommunary sanatorium is now located. Somewhat later, the so-called “romantic Alexandria” of Prince A.N. began to be built up in Gaspra. Golitsyn (friend of Alexander I, Chief Prosecutor of the Synod and Minister of Education in 1816-1824). This mansion with lancet windows and two octagonal towers on the sides has survived to this day - now it houses the Yasnaya Polyana sanatorium.

The Gasprinsky Castle was built according to the project of the first government architect of the South Bank F. Elson and, according to experts, is the most solid and harmonious creation of the Crimean manor "Gothic". The construction of the house was led by the Englishman V. Gunt, who took part in the construction of the Vorontsov Palace in Alupka. By the autumn of 1833, the construction was completed only in the rough. The arrangement of the estate was completed by the laying out of the park.

In September 1901, the great Russian writer L.N. came to Yasnaya Polyana after a serious illness. Tolstoy. “It was a rich, well-finished and equipped house, one of those palazzos that every wealthy European considers it a duty to have on the shores of the Mediterranean Sea or another resort,” wrote an employee of the board of the Moscow-Kursk Railway, an acquaintance of Tolstoy P.A. Boulanger, who accompanied the writer to the Crimea. “He was placed on the lower floor to the right, in a room adjacent to the hall and with windows overlooking the west and south, but from the south there was a covered terrace that protected from the sun ...”.

In the Crimea, L.N. Tolstoy met with A.P. Chekhov, A.M. Gorky, V.G. Korolenko, A.I. Kuprin, S.Ya. Elpatevsky, S.G. Wanderer, artist G. G. Myasoedov, singer F.I. Chaliapin, pianist A.B. Goldenweiser, publisher M.I. Vodovozova.

Today Yasnaya Polyana is a health resort for mother and child. It treats diseases of the upper respiratory tract of a non-tuberculous nature. In recent years, several buildings have been built, a cable car to the beach, which significantly increased the capacity of the sanatorium, improved the quality and culture of service.

The coast after the Crimean War became a particularly alluring corner of the Russian state. Here, to the south, the court nobility, the highest royal officials, landowners,

Koreiz becomes the property of one of the richest people in Russia - Prince Yusupov, who was related to the Romanovs.

The climate of Koreiz and Gaspra is much drier than Miskhor. Relative humidity ranges here from 52 to 70 percent.

In 1875, one of the English travelers, comparing the Russian Riviera, as it was fashionable at that time to call the southern coast of Crimea, with the Mediterranean, wrote: “I allow myself to doubt that any part of Southern Italy could compete with this area in the Crimea. Throughout more than a hundred miles, the Crimean coast presents one continuous picture, containing all the charm and tenderness of the Italian climate ... ".

There is a resort village behind Gaspra Koreiz. The Koreizsky (former Yusupov) Palace is of interest here. On its territory there was one of the first landlord estates of the South Bank, back in the 20s of the XIX century. built up by Princess A. S. Golitsyna. Later, the estate became part of the large estate of the Yusupov princes. In 1904, a palace in the Art Nouveau style was built here according to the project of the Yalta architect Ashliman. The building has the shape of a horseshoe, the convex part facing the sea. In February 1945, during the Yalta Conference of the Heads of the Three Great Powers, the Soviet government delegation was accommodated in the Koreiz Palace.

Resort Miskhor considered one of the best on the Crimean coast. Warm, moderately humid climate with an average temperature in July and August +25, in September up to +21, in October and May up to +16 ° C, refreshing sea breezes with a cloudless sky make it a great place to treat diseases of the nervous system, respiratory organs and blood circulation.

If you look at the Miskhor coast from above, for example, from a tourist trail winding at an altitude of 150-200 m, you can understand the meaning of the name Miskhor. In the east, above Cape Ai-Todor, lies the resort village of Gaspra, next to it is Koreiz. Ahead behind the green hills - Alupka, and further to the west - Simeiz. Miskhor (“middle village”) is located in the middle between them.

Here is the most famous and popular health resort "Ukraine" among foreigners. “A snow-white antique temple against the backdrop of the blue sea and Ai-Petri, surrounded by a romantic grove of dark cypresses,” is how the English writer James Aldridge captured the sanatorium in the romance “Prisoner of a Foreign Country”. In the warm season, vacationers from many countries visit the sanatorium. Memorable for "Ukraine" was a visit to her in 1955 by an outstanding statesman of the Republic of India, Jawaharlal Nehru.

“Marat” is the name of Jean Paul Marat, an outstanding figure of the French bourgeois revolution, and is owned by the trade union health resort of the pulmonology profile, where, with the help of physiotherapy exercises, medical rehabilitation of patients with chronic diseases: pneumonia, bronchitis, inflammation of the upper respiratory tract is organized.

Nearby are the Pine Grove sanatorium and the Chair cottage, which are located in a magnificent park where roses bloom until late autumn, which were once sung about in the forgotten romance “Roses bloom in Chair Chair.,”.

At one of the turns you can see the silvery domes of the Moorish construction. This is the oldest rest house "Dyulber" ("Red Banner"), leading its history since 1922.

Many prominent figures of the international labor movement rested in Dulber. His guests were the leader of the Vietnamese people Ho Chi Minh, the Turkish poet Nazim Hikmet.

The history of the park is rich. Many writers, poets, composers and artists have been here. In 1984, a monument to A.M. Gorky, depicting the writer during his stay in Miskhor in 1901-1902, when he worked on the play "At the Bottom", notes about L.N. Tolstoy, which later formed the basis of his memoirs "Leo Tolstoy", which became a generalized literary portrait of the patriarch of Russian literature.

In the park area there is the largest boarding house "Miskhor" on the coast for the rest of parents with children, the house of creativity of the Union of Theater Workers, the cottage "Miskhor", the sanatorium "Kommunary".

She yearned, Arzy cried, could not find a place for herself in the harem and melted by leaps and bounds. She gave birth to a boy, but he did not bring relief to her soul. Exactly one year after the robbers seized her on the distant Crimean coast near her favorite fountain, Arzy and her child threw herself into the abyss of the Bosphorus.

That same evening, a sad mermaid with a baby swam for the first time to the fountain off the coast of Miskhor. Since then, once a year, on the day when Arzy was abducted, the fountain began to flow more strongly, and at the same hour, a mermaid with a baby in her arms appeared from the quiet waves.

The legend reflects actual cases of young women being kidnapped by Turkish pirates and sold into the harems of Istanbul pashas and beys. Such a “fishery” existed until the 19th century.

The sculpture "Mermaid" and the fountain were made at the beginning of this century according to the project of the famous Estonian sculptor, academician of the St. Petersburg Academy of Arts A.G. Adamson, the author of the monument to the sunken ships in Sevastopol.