Cableways. The most unusual cable cars in the world. The most impressive cable cars in the world
November 5th, 2012
I continue to fulfill requests from . Today is the next topic for a post from soullaway :
"..to ask about all the cable cars in our country))"
I began to think, what can I tell you on such a very general topic. In total for 2010 in Russia there are about 400 cable cars at 109 resorts in the European part of the country and 49 in the Asian part. a list of some of them. And the abandoned cable car in Penza, for example. Imagine how many of them are active, idle and abandoned all over the country! Here, as if inadvertently, I draw your attention, ask the topic of the post more narrowly and more specifically, because it is impossible to embrace the immensity :-)
Many of the most interesting cable cars are no longer in our country, but, for example, in Ukraine - for example, on Ai-Petri. Ride ... very impressive!
In general, the world's first cable car appeared in swiss alps in 1866. For a long time, the Swiss cable car was almost the only one in the world. Mass interest in this type of transport appeared only after a hundred years. you can see the most interesting cable cars in the world. But our topic is Russian cable cars. So, we think further.
I suggest you see one of the latest cable cars in our country and one of the most unique! fit? Go...
February 9, 2012 opened Russia's first passenger cable car, built between the cities of Nizhny Novgorod and Bor.
And the Nizhny Novgorod blogger will help us with this dimfoto with his amazing reporting.
That's how it all started. The centers of Nizhny and Bor are separated by the Volga, and the distance between them is about 3 km. This
in a straight line ... If you get on the highway, then the distance between cities is 27 km. It takes a lot of time to travel from one city to another, and car traffic along the Bor bridge is difficult. But this road should significantly reduce travel time between cities.
The customer of the project is OAO Rope Roads, the architects are LLC Architectural and Construction Association Russian House.
In the world, ten cable cars are used as urban passenger transport. The Nizhny-Bor cable car will be the longest. The distance between the end stations will be 3658 m, including 1336 m above the Volga. There are more long routes, but they are laid in ski resorts and are not considered public transport.
A special feature of the structure will be the crossing over the navigable part of the river. It will be made without supports and will be 882 m. The uniqueness of the Nizhny Novgorod cable car lies in the fact that for the first time it will connect two cities on opposite banks of the Volga: as a rule, such roads operate within the same settlement.
“The investor of the project is JSC “Nizhny Novgorod cableways”, established after the conclusion of an agreement between the regional government and the world leader in the design of cableways, the French company POMA,” said Vladimir Ivanov. — The document was signed by Governor Valery Shantsev and POMA President Jean Gauthier on International Exhibition commercial real estate MIPIM-2008 in Cannes. The founders of the company were the government Nizhny Novgorod region(67.93% of shares) and the mayor's office of Nizhny Novgorod (32%). 0.07% of the shares are owned by the Main Improvement Department of the city of Bor.
The volume of investments in the creation of the road (without stations) will be about 550 million rubles, the payback period is 5-7 years, Vladimir Ivanov said. The cost of end stations is estimated at 100 million rubles. It is planned that the trial launch of the Nizhny Novgorod cable car will take place in December 2009, and regular service will begin in April-May 2010.
European, Russian and Nizhny Novgorod companies are participating in the project implementation. The order for the supply of equipment was received by POMA. The road project is being carried out by the Moscow CJSC Gortekhproektpostavka, the Nizhny Novgorod transport company CJSC Sovfrakht NN is engaged in transportation oversized cargo from Belgorod and France. In the near future, the general contractor will be determined - applications have been submitted from six Nizhny Novgorod construction companies and one nonresident.
The cable car supports are manufactured by CJSC Energomash (Belgorod) - Production of metal structures. Konstantin Teterin, director of the steel structure sales company, told Birzha that the company won the tender, outperforming foreign and Russian competitors: “We presented a more impressive “Supply Reference” of complex objects,” he says. - Among them are the structures of the Lokomotiv stadium in Moscow (3000 tons), power transmission towers across the Amur to the Bureyskaya hydroelectric power station up to 191 m high (2340 tons). There is also experience in the manufacture of supports and traverses of the cable car of the Krasnaya Polyana resort near Sochi (65 tons) and cable car supports in the village. Terskol on Elbrus (123 tons). Another plus is the offer of hot-dip galvanizing and finish painting of structures, guarantees of high-precision manufacturing of parts. The POMA company and the designer ZAO Gortekhproektpostavka already knew us as partners. The contract for the manufacture of ten poles was signed in April 2009. The drawings of the poles in the 3D modeling program were made by the Metal Structures Department of the Energomash Engineering Center.
The design of the stations was entrusted to the Nizhny Novgorod company Russian House LLC. The areas of the stations are approximately the same, but from a constructive point of view, they are different. The railway station on the Nizhny Novgorod side was given Special attention; since the building will be located on a specific place near the square. Hay. The Bor railway station will appear between the Alisa Center for Extracurricular Activities and residential buildings. Cafes, trading places, parking lots will probably open on the territory of the stations, and private investments will be attracted for their construction.
The average daily passenger traffic between Nizhny and Bor is 21,000 people, but it increases in summer and decreases in winter. It is expected that the cable car at the initial stage will carry 1,000 people per day. Up to 55 cabins can be installed on the track, accommodating 8 people. The business plan includes the cost of a ticket no more than 50 rubles. It will be tied to the cost of a ticket on the Nizhny-Bor bus.
The cable car will be in demand: “On weekdays, a lot of Nizhny Novgorod and Borchan people move across the Volga to work and study. On Friday evening and Monday morning, the passenger traffic is replenished with vacationers. From spring to autumn, the population of the Borsky district almost doubles: elderly Borchans come, living in Nizhny in winter, and in their native villages in summer, and summer residents, for whom the cable car will be especially convenient if a regular bus service. Negotiations have already been held with the administration of the Bor district on the organization bus routes from the terminal station to the surrounding villages. The movement of the booths is also comfortable in that it completely eliminates the waiting time: you come up and go. The road will unload the only bridge across the Volga, and there is reason to believe that it will not lose its relevance even with the launch of a new bridge to Bor from the Podnovye.
It seems that almost everything is ready here for pulling the cable on which the booths will hang.
The motor that will set the cable in motion, it seems, will be located on the boron side, and here is a mechanism for cable tension.
The blue box in the background appears to be a hydraulic pump.
On the left, workers are building a garage to store cubicles.
According to Alexander Shchagin, Deputy Director for Territorial Planning at Land and City Research Center LLC, “young people under 30 will actively use the road, while older people will prefer traditional electric trains, buses, and ferries in summer. Aerophobia should not be discounted. If a strong wind blows and a chatter appears, the elderly will have a hard time. And if the cabins stop in the middle of the river? European skiers often hang over the slopes, and such things are a curiosity for Russians. Will the possible rise in the water level in the Volga interfere with the operation of the cable car? Will the traffic be safe? There are many questions."
From the outside, the garage looks like a concrete box.
To the left of the garage, trenches gape, apparently under the strip foundation of the outer walls or communications.
Inside the garage is quite spacious, but it’s still interesting - how 62 cabins will fit here (this is exactly the number of them indicated in the Technical Specifications of the cable car, although in the Security System section it is mentioned that "the traction-carrying rope is capable of carrying a load of 56 passenger gondolas" )? Apparently, not all gondolas will spend the night here.
Finishing work is already underway.
“An additional factor in attracting passengers to the cable car may be intensive summer cottage construction on the left bank of the Volga. In the long term, the cable car will become an important link in transport communication Nizhny Novgorod is a satellite town of Globe Town. But when the Podnovie-Bor bridge is built, the cable car as a transport will lose its relevance,” Shchagin believes. But in terms of increasing tourist attraction Nizhny Novgorod, the idea of a cable car is very successful, experts say. “According to the experience of other countries, the operation of the cableway for tourism purposes is profitable, and in our country it will become unusual attraction if an alternative tourism infrastructure is created on the Bor, - Shchagin believes. For example, a water park. The Volga cable car is exotic for Russia.”
Tug of war
According to Vladimir Ivanov, the government of Tatarstan is also interested in this type of transport, asked the government for POMA contacts and is already negotiating the creation of a cable car in Kazan.
Nizhny Novgorod cable car in numbers
Length - 3658 m.
Support height:
the lowest - 7 m,
the highest - 82 m
(due to the difference in relief).
The total weight of the supports is 560 tons.
The maximum speed of the cabs is 5 m/sec.
Travel time at this speed is 12 minutes.
The crane's intentions do not seem to faze the prop captain. He proudly looks into the distance and spits down.
The courage of the high-altitude fitter scares away the pilots and they lower the car to the sinful earth.
Mother has gone!
Someone prudently unwound the cable all night long along the coast, and to make it even more fun, he decorated it with striped ribbons. Cool!
Here is what the blogger himself writes.
Finally, the first passenger cable car between cities in Russia was opened. It connected the cities of Nizhny Novgorod and Bor along the shortest route - over the Volga River.
The construction of the road was announced in the press in 2008, and the opening was promised first in 2010, then in 2011. But the passengers went only on February 9, 2012.
Needless to say, the discovery came almost unexpectedly. For example, I found out about this only around noon on February 8, when the infa had not yet leaked into the electronic media.
We can say that the opening was attended only by people dedicated to the topic or accidentally learned about the event.
I was at the Nizhny Novgorod station. Everything was very modest.
According to rumors, it was more crowded and solemn at the Bor station, but when I got there, there was practically no one there :)
So, we waited quite a long time for the booths to be brought from Bor. But the booths were all empty.
And then officials began to arrive from the Bor side.
The reporters huddled and tensed.
"We built, built and finally built!" - Approximately so the vice-governor of the Nizhny Novgorod region and at the same time the chairman of the board of directors of JSC "Nizhny Novgorod ropeways" Vladimir Ivanov commented on the event.
After a rather long pause, someone finally remembers about the passengers and gives the go-ahead to sell tickets. The people ran like a snake between the turnstiles to the ticket offices.
Promised discount tickets did not have. All categories of passengers sold tickets for 50 rubles. You could buy a pair at once - there and back.
First, there was a queue for the booths. I did not notice disabled people in wheelchairs or with crutches, as well as passengers with skis, bicycles or baby carriages. According to rumors, some managed to smuggle some bulky cargo later by paying an additional ticket.
On paper ticket, similar to a regular cashier's check, has a barcode. The ticket must be inserted into the opening of the control device with the barcode up, after which the green arrow lights up and the barrier-"turntable" is unlocked.
We'll go too.
The cabin at the station moves at a speed of 0.3 m / s, which is quite comfortable for an ordinary healthy pedestrian, but you need to be careful with children. I have not yet seen how disabled people or passengers with wheelchairs will be loaded.
Let's go. After a short acceleration and rocking, the cabin calmed down and moved smoothly. Movement speed - 5 m/s.
The glasses are tinted, which makes it a little more difficult to take pictures. There is no heating in the cabins, from the breathing of passengers on the windows in hard frost patterns emerge. At first, we just stare out the windows, then we begin to share our impressions.
Lighting should turn on automatically. There are barred windows.
We pass over the Rowing Canal.
The Ascension Caves Monastery is clearly visible.
Below is the Volga.
We pass support T7 - one of the two highest. 82 meters!
Cable cars have become such a popular means of transport that they are being built specifically for the Olympics. Ropeways were originally designed exclusively for the transport of goods. Came up with this method, obviously a resident highlands. They began to transport the necessary things in baskets through the gorges along the ropes. This method still exists today in the Himalayas.
Speaking of the cable car modern form It is worth noting that the first such vehicle appeared in 1866 in Switzerland. There, the cable car transported tourists to observation deck.
In Russia, such transport appeared in 1871. With the help of it, a forest was transported through the wetlands. But the real boom in cable cars appeared in the second half of the last century, when skiing began to grow actively. Today there are many cable cars in the world, but we will tell you about the most famous of them.
Genting cable car, Malaysia. This road is famous for being the fastest. The city of Genting itself is located at an altitude of 2000 meters. This is the real Las Vegas of Malaysia, where everything is meant for entertainment. 20 luxury hotels have been built in Genting, there are several amusement parks here. It is in this city that the only allowed casino in the country is located. This whole empire was erected by the Chinese Lim Goh Tong. In the late 1960s, he put forward the idea of creating a mountain resort here. But he was simply ridiculed, because the whole area here was covered with virgin dense jungle. However, the Chinese turned out to be stubborn, and in 1971 the first hotel was opened here. With the opening of the casino here, there have been much more tourists. However, one of the main modern prides of Genting is the cable car - the fastest in the world. It opened here on February 21, 1997. Cabins move here at a speed of 6 m / s. As a result, the path of 3380 meters from the lower station in the village of Kuala Bubu Baru to the city itself is overcome in just 11 minutes. Almost the entire path passes over the jungle. If the weather is clear, you can even see wild monkeys below. The round trip fare is only $3.
Cableway Gulmarg. It stands out for its high position. The Kashmir region has been a disputed territory between Pakistan and India since 1948. For more than half a century there has been a fierce struggle for these lands. The region itself has ceased to be at least somewhat attractive for tourists. But very recently fighting ceased in the states of Jammu and Kashmir. Local authorities rushed to restore the tourist infrastructure. As a result, in Kashmir there are already several dozen popular places for visitors. Among them ski resort Gulmarg, located in the Himalayas. In 2005, Sonia Gandhi launched the cable car here, the highest mountain in the world. The first part of it was launched in 1998. Then the rise was carried out to a height of 3100 meters. The second part has already allowed to rise to the mark of 4114 meters. The total length of the road was 5 kilometers, it allows transporting up to 600 people per hour. But before the opening of such a means of communication, skiers were forced to climb the mountains by helicopters. The cost of skiing was literally sky-high. Now the rise in the first part will cost 2.7 dollars, and in the second - 4.6 dollars.
Sternensauser cable car. Not everyone will dare to ride this road, because it is called one of the most terrible. An unusual cable car operates in the Swiss resort of Hoch-Ibrig. There are no booths here, you just need to put on a helmet and fasten your seat belts. This cableway means that passengers move under the weight of their own body. The Sternensauser consists of a single cable stretched 75 meters above the ground between several platforms. It is also the most long road this kind in the world. The route starts from the upper station chair lift. From there the road descends into the valley. During the descent, the passenger accelerates to a speed of 90 km / h, which gives the illusion free fall. It is believed that here you can get a portion of adrenaline no less than when falling with a parachute. Only now you can ride on such an unusual road only in summer. Any adult and a child over 9 years old and whose height exceeds 130 centimeters can become a passenger. The passenger must weigh at least 30 and not more than 125 kilograms. The pleasure of the trip will cost 70 Swiss francs.
Cable car to Sentosa Island. This facility is located in Singapore. This road is distinguished by the fact that for the first time they began to use booths made entirely of glass. Sentosa Island is located 25 kilometers from Singapore. They say that it was from the local fishing village that the future state was born. Today, the island has become an Asian Disneyland. Tourists come here with pleasure, and Singaporeans themselves like to relax here. An amusement park and an aquarium have been built on the island. And you can buy white sandy beaches, whose line extends for three kilometers. You can get here by public transport, but many prefer to use the cable car. It is beautifully spread over the cable car. The authorities of the country thought about its construction in 1968, and 4 years later the object was launched. At first, 43 booths moved on the road, but today there are already 81 of them on the line, some of them completely glass. But even this was not enough for the Singaporeans. They also made their cable car a jewelry one. So, there are seven VIP cabins. Their roof and glass sides are decorated with Swarovski crystals. Not surprisingly, the cable car has become an expensive way for some to get to the island. A round-trip trip usually costs $18.
Tatev ropeway. It is located in Armenia. More recently, this cable car entered the Guinness Book of Records as the longest in the world. It was launched on October 16, 2010. Official name roads - "Wings of Tatev". A week later, her record was confirmed. The road stretched for 5.7 kilometers over the Vorotan gorge. The first passengers were Armenian President Serzh Sargsyan, Catholicos of All Armenians Garegin II and seven children from nearby villages. The suspension road has become one of the stages of the program for the revival of Tatev, a medieval monastery of the 9th century. Back in 1390, a university was established here, where they taught both theology and secular disciplines. In 1931, the monastery was badly damaged by an earthquake, since then the restoration work has not been completed. Before the opening of the cable car, Tatev could only be reached by a steep serpentine. It ran along the cliff at an angle of 45 degrees. And in winter, this road was also heavily washed out. But now Tatev is available for visiting throughout the year. Cabins travel at a speed of 37 km / h, overcoming the path in just 11.5 minutes. Locals can climb here for free, but tourists will have to pay 6 euros.
Ropeway Miskhor (Ai-Petri). mountain plateau on south coast Crimea is called Yayla. In Turkish, this word means mountain plateau. Once upon a time, shepherds used to graze their cattle here. And even earlier, yaila was given a mystical meaning. Stone idols were installed here. One of the most famous yayla in the Crimea is Ai-Petrinskaya. The easiest way to climb it is by cable car. The ascent lasts 15 minutes, during which tourists can see the picturesque panorama Southeastern Crimea. The cable car is in demand among local residents. After all, in winter it is the best and fast track to climb snow-capped peak and enjoy skiing and sledding. The suspension road was built for a long 20 years. She began to work in 1987, and a year later a general visit was opened on it. Today in Ukraine there are about 15 such cableways, most of them are located in the Crimea. But Miskhor - Ai-Petri is considered unique. Indeed, between the middle and upper stations there is the longest unsupported span in Europe. For two kilometers of the way there is not a single intermediate tower. You will have to pay about 15 dollars for the trip up and back.
Grenoble cable car. Usually cable cars run outside the city. This one is right in the city. This is not surprising, because even Stendhal wrote about his native Grenoble, that there every street ends with a mountain. On the slope of one of them is the most famous city landmark - the Bastille. A hundred years ago, the municipality thought about how it would be easier for tourists to get there. After all, it could make the capital french alps even more attractive. It was decided to build a cable car, which eventually changed the face of the city. On September 29, 1934, the whistle sounded in Grenoble - the townspeople were given a signal to start a new urban transport. Like the Eiffel Tower for Paris, the road became a symbol of Grenoble, remaining so to this day. At first, passenger cabins were very traditional. These were large carriages that could accommodate 21 passengers. But then in 1976 the appearance of the road changed. Small six-seater cabins of their plastic, invented by engineer Denny Kressel, began to be used. For such appearance they were called cosmic eggs and bubbles. And you can ride the cable car back and forth for 6.8 euros.
Cableway Masada. The journey along this road will turn into a journey into history. Masada is an ancient fortress that was built by King Herod in the mountains of the Judean Desert in 25 BC. It was a shelter surrounded by impregnable rocks. The fortress had palaces, baths, food and weapons depots, a synagogue and water supply. In 73, Masada was taken by the Romans, who turned it into their stronghold. When the Roman Empire fell, the fortress was abandoned and forgotten. They remembered it in 1862, when archaeologists arrived here. These places have always been of interest to tourists, but with the construction of a cable car in 1971, there were even more guests. Previously, the path to the top lay along a narrow snake path, which was used in ancient times by the rebels, and today by archaeologists. Now you can go upstairs using the cable car. It is one of the lowest in the world. The lower station is at an altitude of 257 meters, while the upper one is only 33 meters higher. The whole journey lasts only a few minutes, and there are only two cabins on the cable car. They offer a picturesque panorama of the desert and Dead Sea. The round trip costs $19.
Prague cable car. This road boasts the title of the oldest. It was launched 120 years ago. The city road led to Petřín Hill. And it all started with a trip in 1889 of the Club of Czech Tourists to Paris. There they were amazed at the sight eiffel tower. It was decided to build a copy of the tower on Petřín Hill, and a cable car was built there in just a year. She was not hanging. The trailer moved along the rails with the help of a rope. At one time, 50 people could move to a height of 102 meters. Then the cables of the road were rotated by a water wheel. Due to the First World War, the cable car stopped working for a long 16 years. In 1932 Prague cable car started transporting people again. Now the work was assigned to electric motors, not a water wheel. And the whole path was lengthened, becoming equal to 511 meters. This is how he is to this day. In 1965, the cable car was stopped again - part of the rails was destroyed by a landslide. Prague residents had to wait another 20 years for a new launch. Since then, the famous funicular has been an integral part of the city. public transport interrupting his work only for inspections. The cable car ride will cost $1.2.
Complexo do Alemao cable car. This road is known for being the cheapest. It is located in Rio de Janeiro. The quarters of this city, known as favelas, have long gained a bad criminal reputation not only among tourists, but also among the locals themselves. Public transport practically does not go here - after all, narrow streets are located on the hills. Therefore, the authorities of Rio solved the problem of building a cable car. It passes over six suburbs of the big city countries. The road began operating in July 2011. The construction lasted a year and a half, and it cost the authorities $87 million. The cable car stretched over the slums at a distance of 3456 meters. This is the longest city road in the world. 152 cabins constantly go along it, which are capable of transporting up to 3 thousand people per hour. Local residents have the right to ride twice a day for free, and each subsequent trip will cost the same as tourists - about 50 cents. The cable car gained additional urgency after it became clear that Rio de Janeiro would host the 2014 FIFA World Cup and the 2016 Olympics. This form of transport can help facilitate access to some sports facilities.
Cableway Manhattan (Roosevelt Island). This road is rightfully considered the most cinematic. After all, the air tram, following between the two districts of New York, appeared in the tapes "Leon", "Nighthawks" and in "Spider-Man". But the city is located in a flat area. But despite this, the Americans decided to build a cable car here. She connected the Roosevelt Islands and Manhattan in 1976. Initially, it was planned that it would work only during the construction of metro line F. However, the locals liked traveling by air so much that it was decided to leave the cable car after the subway began to work. As a result, the road received the status of a full-fledged urban transport. We can say that it became the world's first aerial tram. When transport workers went on strike in 2005, only the cable car continued to carry passengers. In the same year and the following year, a couple of unpleasant incidents occurred - the cabs of the air tram got stuck on the East River. Passengers spent as much as 7 hours in limbo. This forced the transport workers to close the cable car for a while and carry out its reconstruction. The work lasted 5 months. Now each cabin is equipped with blankets, water, food supplies and even a toilet. A one-way cable car ride costs $2.25.
Cable car in Zhangjiajie park. This Chinese park boasts the steepest cable car. Zhangjiajie has long been loved by tourists. After all, it is here that the Wulingyuan cliffs are located, which inspired director Cameron's idea of \u200b\u200bthe flying mountains in the movie "Avatar". The park has famous mountain Tianmen and the legendary Heaven's Gate Cave. You can get to them by cable car. Many travelers call it the most breathtaking in the world after riding it. It is no coincidence that the cable car is called "the road to heaven". After all, in some segments it rises up at a steep angle of 70 degrees. It seems that the booths just crash into the sky. The whole way to the top lasts 40 minutes. The pressure drops are such that many visitors even pawn their ears. And the temperature in the cabin drops sharply when lifting. There is often thick fog over the park, which makes the surrounding beauty even more mysterious. The entire path is 7455 meters. Those who dare to overcome it all will open the highest natural cave in the world. It was created by nature by erosion. Residents of the surrounding area believe that she has supernatural powers. And you can go down from Tianmen Mountain by bus. A steep serpentine for him has exactly 99 turns. The rise will cost here 7.6 dollars.
The first of the cable cars in the modern sense was launched in Switzerland in 1866 and delivered tourists to the observation deck. The real boom in the construction of cableways came in the second half of the 20th century, when skiing.
Ropeway in Zhangjiajie Park (China): the most exciting
Chinese park Zhangjiajie has long gained popularity among tourists. Firstly, it is here, among the rocks of Wulingyuan, which inspired James Cameron to create the "flying mountains" in the movie "Avatar", that Tianmen Mountain is located, and in it is the legendary Heaven's Gate Cave.
Secondly, you can get to them by a cable car, which numerous travelers once swept along it, dubbed the "most exciting" in the world. It is no coincidence that the local cable car is called the “road to heaven”: on some sections it rises at an angle of 70 °, crashing directly into the clouds.
The journey to the top takes about 40 minutes, and due to the pressure drop, passengers often get ears in their ears, and the temperature in the cabin drops sharply. Often there is thick fog over the park, which adds mysticism to the surrounding landscapes.
Those who still dare to overcome the distance of 7,455 m will see the world's highest miraculous cave, which arose due to the erosion of rocks. The locals believe that she has supernatural powers. And you can go down from Mount Tianmen by bus along a serpentine, which has exactly 99 turns.
Fare: 48 yuan ($7.6) one way.
Genting Cable Car (Malaysia): the fastest
Genting is a city of entertainment at an altitude of 2,000 meters above sea level. It is called the Las Vegas of Malaysia: 20 luxury hotels, several amusement parks and even the only legal casino in the country have been built here.
The Genting Empire is the brainchild of the Chinese Lim Goh Tong. When he first voiced the idea of building a high-altitude resort, he was ridiculed: in the late 1960s, the area was covered with virgin tropical jungle. But Tong continued to persevere, and in 1971 the first hotel opened its doors. Then the casino started working, after which crowds of visitors poured into Genting.
In addition to numerous laudatory epithets, Genting also boasts
Most of the route of the cable car, which opened on February 21, 1997, runs over the jungle, and in cloudless weather from a height you can see the monkeys scurrying below.
Fare: RM10 ($3) round trip.
Gulmarg cable car (India): the highest mountain
Since 1948, Kashmir has been a bone of contention between India and Pakistan. The two countries have been dividing for more than half a century disputed territories, because of which the region has long been considered dangerous for tourism.
IN last years hostilities in Jammu and Kashmir ceased and local authorities were able to develop tourism infrastructure. Today the state has a dozen tourist places, and one of them - Gulmarg - the largest ski resort in the Himalayas.
It was here that in 2005 Sonia Gandhi launched the cable car, which to this day remains
The total length of the cable car is 5 km, and the capacity is 600 people per hour. By the way, before the opening of the cableway, skiers were taken to the mountains by helicopters, which made the cost of skiing sky-high in every sense of the word.
Fare: one-time rise - the first phase of 150 rupees ($2.7), the second phase - 250 rupees ($4.6).
Sternensauser cable car (Switzerland): the scariest
The most unusual road operates in the Swiss resort of Hoch-Ibrig. In order to ride it, you do not need to sit in a booth and keep your camera ready - you need to put on a helmet and fasten your seat belts. The fact is that on the Sternensauser cableway, passengers move under the weight of their own body. The cable car is a cable stretched between several platforms at a height of 75 m above the ground. By the way, it is Sternensauser that is the longest cable road of this type in the world.
The trail starts at the top chair lift station and leads down to the station in the valley. During the movement, the passenger develops a speed of 70 to 90 km / h, which creates a feeling of free flight. They say that the adrenaline rush during the descent of the Sternensauser is no less than when skydiving.
The only disadvantage of the cable road is that you can ride on it only in the summer. Adults and children who have reached the age of nine, with a height of at least 130 cm, are allowed to descend. Permissible weight passenger - from 30 to 125 kg.
Fare: CHF 70.
Cableway to Sentosa Island (Singapore): the most glassy
Sentosa Island is located 25 km south of Singapore, and it is said that the future state began with a small fishing village located here. Sentosa today is an island Asian Disneyland, a lure for tourists and a favorite vacation spot for the Singaporeans themselves. There is an amusement park, an aquarium, as well as three kilometers of white sandy beaches.
You can get to Sentosa by public transport and even on foot, but most visitors choose the cable car stretching over the strait. The government of Singapore thought about its construction in 1968, and four years later it was launched. Initially, the cable car had 43 cabins. Today, their number has reached 81, and the local cable car became the first in the world, where cabins made entirely of glass began to walk.
But even this was not enough for the Singaporeans. For the cableway leading to Sentosa Island, they achieved the definition of “first jewelery”: in 2010, seven VIP cabins were launched, the roof and glass sides of which are decorated with Swarovski crystals. Is it any wonder then that the cable car is one of the most expensive ways to get to Sentosa.
Fare: SGD 26 ($18.6) round trip.
Tatev ropeway (Armenia): the longest
On October 16, 2010, a cable car was launched in Armenia, called the Wings of Tatev. And just seven days later, it was entered into the Guinness Book of Records as the longest.
The first passengers of the cable car, which stretches for 5.7 km over the gorge of the Vorotan River, were Armenian President Serzh Sargsyan, Catholicos of All Armenians Garegin II, as well as one child each from the nearest seven villages.
The construction of the cableway was conceived in 2009 as one of the stages of the "Revival of Tatev" program - a medieval monastery of the 9th century. In 1390, a university was established in it, where both theological and secular disciplines were taught. In 1931, the monastery was badly damaged by an earthquake, and restoration work has not yet been completed.
Until the cable car appeared, it was possible to get to Tatev only along the steep serpentine leading along the cliff at an angle of 45 °, which, moreover, was often washed away in winter. But now tourists and local residents can visit Tatev all year round. The cabins move at a speed of 37 km/h and cover the distance to the monastery in just 11 minutes 25 seconds.
Fare: for local residents - free of charge, for tourists - ?6.
Ropeway Miskhor - Ai-Petri (Crimea): the longest unsupported span
Translated from Turkish word"yayla" means mountain plateau. In the past, shepherds grazed cattle here, and in even more ancient times, yaylam were given magical significance and stone idols were installed on them. Today, the word "yayla" in Russian is most often used in the Crimea, where one of the most famous is Ai-Petri Yayla. You can get to it by cableway Miskhor - Ai-Petri, during the ascent along which - and it lasts about 15 minutes - tourists have time to enjoy the picturesque panorama of the South-Eastern coast of Crimea - from Sudak to Foros.
The construction of the cable car stretched out for 20 years. It was launched in 1987, and was opened to the general public a year later. Today in Ukraine there are about a dozen cableways, and most of them are located in the Crimea.
But the Miskhor - Ai-Petri cable car is considered unique. Between its middle and upper stations, the longest unsupported span in Europe, entered in the Guinness Book of Records, stretches: there is not a single intermediate tower for two kilometers.
Fare: 120 hryvnia ($15) in both directions.
Grenoble cable car (France): the world's first urban
The writer Henri Marie Bayle, better known by the pseudonym Stendhal, wrote about his hometown Grenoble, that every street ends in a mountain. On the slope of one of them is the most famous local attraction - the Bastille.
At the beginning of the 20th century, the authorities of Grenoble thought about how to facilitate access to the Bastille and at the same time provide the capital of the French Alps with a tourist highlight. This is how the idea of building a cable car was born, which forever changed the face of Grenoble.
On September 29, 1934, a loud horn informed the townspeople about the start of the cable car, which became the world's first urban cable car. Very quickly, like the Eiffel Tower in Paris, it became the symbol of Grenoble, which it remains to this day.
The first passenger cabins were quite traditional: large "cars" that could accommodate up to 21 passengers. But in 1976, they were replaced by engineer Denny Kressel's small six-seat spherical Plexiglas cabins, which were soon dubbed bubbles and space eggs.
Fare: ?6.80 round trip.
Cableway Masada (Israel): the most historical
Masada - ancient fortress, built in the mountains of the Judean Desert by order of Herod the Great in 25 BC. e. Here, surrounded by impregnable rocks, the king created a refuge for himself, where palaces, a synagogue, baths, warehouses of provisions and weapons, and even a water pipe were built.
In 73 A.D. e. Masada was taken by the Romans, who used it as one of their strongholds, and after the fall of the Roman Empire, the fortress was forgotten until 1862, when archaeologists stumbled upon its ruins.
Masada has always attracted tourists, but only after 1971, when a cable car was built to it, did it become one of the most visited historical sites Israel. Before that, it was possible to climb to the top of the cliff only along the so-called snake path, which was used by the rebels in ancient times, and today by archaeologists.
The cable car leading to the top of the plateau is considered the lowest in the world: its lower station is at an altitude of 257 m above sea level, and the upper one is only 33 m higher. The distance to the top of the cabin - there are only two of them on the cable car - overcomes in a few minutes, gradually opening up more and more breathtaking views of the surrounding desert and the Dead Sea.
Fare: 72 shekels ($19) round trip.
Prague cable car: the oldest
Exactly 120 years ago, the most famous cable car in Prague was launched, leading to Petřín Hill.
It all started with the fact that in 1889 the Club of Czech Tourists went to Paris and was amazed by the view of the Eiffel Tower. A copy of it was built on Petřín Hill, and then they decided to build a cable car to it, which was built in less than a year. The cable car - not suspended, but a trailer on rails, set in motion by a rope - easily lifted 50 passengers to a height of 102 m at a time, and the waterwheel rotated the cables.
In 1916, the Petřín cable car stopped its operation due to the First World War - for a long 16 years. Only in 1932 it was launched again, replacing the water wheel with electric motors and lengthening it to the current 511 m. The second time the cable car stopped in 1965, when landslides destroyed part of the track. The inhabitants of Prague had to wait another 20 years before the famous funicular was able to take them to the top of Petřín Hill again. But since then, it has been included in the city's public transport system and stops only during scheduled inspections.
Lifting cost: 24 CZK ($1.2).
Cable car Complexo do Alemao (Brazil): the cheapest
The favelas of Rio de Janeiro have long been infamous as the most criminogenic quarters of the Brazilian capital, dangerous not only for tourists, but also for local residents. And the easiest way to get around here is on foot, because the local hills and narrow streets public transport is practically non-existent.
Therefore, the Rio authorities decided to build a cable car over six suburbs of the Brazilian capital, which began operating in July 2011. Construction took a year and a half, and the costs amounted to 210 million reais.
Local residents are entitled to two free tickets per day to travel to the Complexo do Alemao, and those who exceed this limit will have to pay 1 Brazilian real for the trip - the same as tourists pay.
The cableway, which can significantly facilitate access to the city's sports facilities, gained additional relevance on the eve of the 2014 FIFA World Cup and Olympic Games 2016, which will be held in Rio de Janeiro.
Fare: 1 Brazilian Real ($0.5).
Metal cables served as the basis for the creation of the world's first aerial tramway. The first metal rope was created in 1834 by a German inventor named Albert Vogts. Several decades passed and the first cable car appeared in Switzerland, which was intended for the transport of passengers. This highway, unusual by the standards of those times, was used to transport tourist groups to the observation deck. Since then, a lot of time has passed and similar means of transportation appeared in different corners peace. Today we will try to understand what underlies the functioning of the cable car.
Principle of operation
Currently, there are single-rope and double-rope cableways. The first option is characterized by the fact that the same rope, which is closed in a ring, acts as a carrier and traction element. It is formed from many steel wires that are twisted into strands around a rigid base in the middle. Passenger cabins move along a closed path and are attached to the rope with the help of special clamps. Getting into end point, each cabin is disconnected and moved to the overhead conveyor, moving along the rails due to the running wheels. The speed of movement is reduced to a minimum, the doors open, after which passengers can leave their seats. The car itself continues to move along the conveyor in opposite side where new passengers board it. Then the cabin doors are closed, the speed picks up to the same value with which the rope moves. At the moment of derailment, the cabin clings to the rope with the help of clamps and continues to move in a given direction. The movement of the entire system is possible thanks to the friction drive with a special pulley.
Two-rope cableways are arranged somewhat differently. In such a scheme, passenger cabins are attached to the carrier rope and move along it due to special roller wheels located on the roof. The carrier rope is pulled from the beginning of the lift to the highest point and supported on the carrier masts. The second rope in this design is traction. Cabins are attached to it, playing the role of a support. When the distance between the passenger cabins is large enough, the rope can seriously sag. To avoid this, supporting rollers are mounted on the supports. The traction rope is driven by a drive, due to which the entire chain moves.
Modern cable cars are equipped with a centralized control system, which is serviced by a dispatcher. To ensure safety, special sensors are used to monitor the distance between the cabins. This approach avoids collisions while driving. Sometimes a wind system is installed that can automatically reduce the speed of movement of the booths when strong wind and send an appropriate warning to the dispatcher.
During peak hours, some modern cable cars are capable of transporting up to 2,000 people per hour. The longest cable car was built in Sweden. The 96 km long highway was used in the past to transport ore from Lapland to coastal region Gulf of Bothnia. Later, one of the sections of this highway was turned into the world's longest passenger cable car, the length of which is 13.2 km.
Recall that not so long ago we talked about how the rail cable car works. You can learn more about this by going to.
The cable car is a means of transportation that has already become familiar to Nizhny Novgorod residents. It was created in 2012 to cross the Volga River to the Bor of Nizhny Novgorod. Despite the commonness of the "cable car" for Nizhny Novgorod residents, it has a huge tourist and cultural significance for the city, almost every tourist who comes to Nizhny with an excursion seeks to visit it.
The length of the road is 3661 meters, 28 cabins are used to transport passengers.
Cable car schedule in Nizhny Novgorod in 2019
The cable car operates in two modes - in winter (from October 1 to April 30) and summer (from May 1 to September 30). The schedule for summer 2018 is as follows:
- Monday Thursday: from 06:45 to 21:00 (technical break from 10:45 to 13:00).
- Friday Sunday, public holidays: from 06:45 to 22:00.
All changes in the operation of the cable car, as a rule, are reported on the official website of the facility.
Story
The need for a cable car between Nizhny and Bor reminded of itself enough long time, and at the end of 2007, Poma from France created grandiose project the current cable car.
2 years after the presentation of the project, preparations for assembly began - foreign builders needed to make metal supports weighing more than 60 tons and 7 to 82 meters high. By the end of 2010, all parts were manufactured and delivered to Nizhny Novgorod, immediately after that construction began.
The first and trial launch of the cable car in Nizhny took place in early 2012, and one of its first passengers was local officials and the governor of the Nizhny Novgorod region.
In February of the same year, the cable car opened its doors to passengers and began to operate as usual - to transport passengers from one bank of the Volga to the other.
Cable car operation
Bor is one of the largest regional centers of the Nizhny Novgorod region. The distance between it and the city itself is directly about 4 kilometers. Before the construction of the cable car, Nizhny Novgorod residents had the opportunity to overcome this distance only by going around it on the bridge - because of this, it increased to 27 kilometers. Now the townspeople manage to save time by getting to work by cable car, about 500 passengers move from one bank of the Volga to the other in an hour.
However, do not forget that the cable car in Nizhny Novgorod is also a kind of curiosity for tourists - each of them has the opportunity to admire great views Volga and its banks with stunning high altitude. In order to move from Nizhny Novgorod to Bor, passengers sit in comfortable and equipped cabins. They are equipped with seating and windows for complete review natural beauties. Travel time is a little over 12 minutes, the trailer moves at a speed of about 20 kilometers per hour.
From the cabin window you can see the Pechersky Monastery, dense green thickets on the banks of the Volga, and also admire its swift current.
The fare on the cable car in Nizhny Novgorod
The fare for one end of the route is 100 rubles. In other words, a tourist who plans to get from Nizhny Novgorod to Bor, and then return back to the starting point, will need to pay 200 rubles.
Also, for regular passengers of the cable car who need to cross the Volga daily, there are subscriptions for 10, 20, 30 and 48 trips at a price of 820 to 3550 rubles. For students living and studying in Nizhny Novgorod and the region, there is preferential program, by which these subscriptions can be purchased almost two times cheaper. WITH detailed descriptions current prices can be found on the official website of the object.
Safety
Passenger pick-up and drop-off areas on the Nizhny Novgorod cable car always operate in high security mode - they are fenced off, and the doors operate using an automatic mechanism. As you begin to enter the cab, it slows down its movement, allowing you to safely enter it and sit comfortably. The distance between the embarkation / disembarkation platform and the booth itself is minimal. Despite the fact that the height at which the cabins are located during the trip is quite impressive, you should not be afraid. Inside the trailer there are small stands with information about the rules of conduct inside. Also in the future it is planned to equip the cabins with means of communication with the Coast Guard.
How to get to the cable car in Nizhny Novgorod
The boarding platform for the cable car is located almost in the city center, just a few bus stops from the Nizhny Novgorod Kremlin. You can get to it from almost anywhere in the city using public transport. You will need to get off at the stop "Sennaya" on the street. Maxim Gorky or Bolshaya Pecherskaya, or at the Sennaya Bus Station. Most short cut will be from Bolshaya Pecherskaya Street, just move up towards the Volga along Sechenov Street. The entrance to the cable car will be immediately after the Nizhny Novgorod Cathedral Mosque, on the right. You can get to the boarding point for the cable car in Nizhny Novgorod using local taxi services - Uber or Yandex. Taxi.
Cableway in Nizhny Novgorod on video
