The best caves of Crimea. Cave monastery near Sudak. Yalta - cave with stone jellyfish

Attractions

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In Crimea, a unique relief, nature has created on the territory of this peninsula many forms and objects, both aboveground and underground. Crimean caves attract not only extreme sports enthusiasts, but also ordinary tourists, there are even available for beginners and non-specialists. Often, the size of the cave does not depend on how impressive it will be inside, for example, the small Yalta is no less impressive than the largest Red. When visiting the caves, you need to remember the safety rules and understand that we are visiting nature, take care of everything around.

This cave is located near cable car, leading to Ai-Petri, so it is quite popular to visit, it is easy to find it by the signs, leaving the cable car to observation deck. The second name of this cave is Ice, because the temperature here is like in a refrigerator - 10 degrees all year round. In the center of the cave is a meter-long snowdrift, tourists often throw coins into it, making a wish, and under it is a floor of compressed ice. It was also called Vorontsovskaya, they say that it was from here that ice was mined for the table of Count Vorontsov, whose estate is located at the foot of Ai-Petri in Alupka. The name of the cave comes from the entrance: it was formed in the form of a failure with three entrances, which were compared with eyes. A staircase descends into the cave, along which, observing safety precautions, it is necessary to descend backwards. In winter, the entrance to the cave is locked.

This cave is also located on the Ai-Petri plateau, it was accidentally discovered in 1997 by a Yalta caver and his son under a mountain of leaves, and equipped for visiting by enthusiasts in 2007. This small cave but very spectacular. Only the first hall is open to the public, but it is very impressive; colored lamps are held here, creating real stone flowers, jellyfish or other bizarre images from karst influxes. This cave is recognized as a natural monument.

This cave was discovered in 1902 by a teacher from the village of Skelya, and it was named after this. It was formed as a result of a tectonic fault. Equipped for visiting this cave in 2003. Since then, excursions have been regularly conducted there, and on a route 270 meters long, which takes about an hour, tourists are shown 5 halls richly cleaned with natural influxes: the Fireplace Hall, the Dolphin Hall, the Knights' Hall, the Organ Hall and the Hall of Ghosts. Inside the cave, you can see the stalagmites of the "Phoenix Bird", the seven-meter "Knight" and others. fairy tale characters, the names of which everyone will come up with for themselves.

The system of these caves in Tatar is called Kyzyl-Koba. They are located near Simferopol and are the most large cave in Crimea. The caves can only be visited with a guide - there are 6 floors going into the depths and many lakes, siphons, reservoirs. There is a large stalactite - 8 meters, over 8000 years old. Flows through this cave underground river, which forms the Su-uchkhan waterfall. excursion route here it lasts 500 meters, which is not much compared to its total length of more than 13 kilometers, but it is dangerous to go further without special training. Folk festivals often take place in the valley near the cave, for example, Ivan Kupala Day is celebrated here, birthdays and other holidays are held.

This cave, discovered by the speleological section of Simferopol in 1987, is located on the lower plateau of Mount Chatyr-Dag. The entrance to it is located at 920 meters above sea level. The exploitation of the cave by tourists began in 1987, since then thousands of interested people have visited the cave. underworld. For convenience, concrete paths were laid inside, handrails were installed, and artificial lighting was provided. Several routes have been developed, some are accessible even to a child. The length of the routes is up to one and a half kilometers. On the way, you will meet a gallery of fairy tales, in which the walls are decorated with sintered draperies, a tiger passage, named after the skeleton that archaeologists found there, an landslide hall and a stalactite forest. According to speleologists, this is one of the most visited equipped caves in Europe, it is also one of the five most beautiful caves peace.

Mountain Crimea is very rich in caves. The fact is that some mountain plateaus, called yayls, are composed of limestone, which is relatively easy to erode, that is, to wash out soluble rocks with water. Such processes and, as a result, the terrain they create is called karst. An example is the Chatyr-Dag plateau and mountain range Karabi-Yayla. There are more than 200 caves and more than 1000 sinkholes. And on Karabi-Yaila there are even more karst sinkholes - more than 3500. By the 1970s, when the book "Caves of Crimea" by V.N. Dublyansky (geologist, speleologist, professor) knew about 800 karst cavities in the Crimea, currently there are about 1100 of them. 2 pcs.

The best and famous caves in Crimea

If you are interested in the beauty of the underworld, then, of course, with such a quantity, there is a certain difficulty in choosing which caves of Crimea are worth visiting in the first place. We didn't have this problem, they helped us. Often in our choice we turn to some specialists or professionals. In our case, a guide from, located in Adygea, as a professional in his field, advised the three main caves of Crimea:, and (another name for it is mammoth cave). Having visited them, we can say with all responsibility: these are really very beautiful caves, moreover, the most famous ones. In this case, we are talking about equipped caves (so that speleologists do not throw tomatoes at us), which can be accessed as part of excursion group without having special skills (knowledge) and special equipment. Both old and young can visit them. Therefore, if you are not a professional speleologist, but only get acquainted with the mysterious and the most beautiful world underground depths mountain Crimea, then it is worth starting with a visit to these three caves. So, let's begin.

How to get to the best caves of Crimea

All three caves are located on both sides of the highway Simferopol-Alushta(highway number 35A-002). The Red Cave (Kizil-Koba) is located on a slope Dolgorukovskaya Yayla, you can get to it by turning off the highway near the village Perevalnoe on the road 35N-554. More details in the article about.

Visual location on the map at the end of the article.

Cave Red is the largest in the Crimea. On this moment the cave has been explored for more than 26 kilometers, the volume is 270,000 cubic meters, the amplitude is 275 meters, and the height of the largest hall, called the Blue Chapel Hall, is 145 meters. I must say right away that seeing this hall and other most great halls as part of a regular tour will not work. The route along the equipped part of the cave runs only 500 meters, but even these 500 meters will give admiration. You can go further only as part of an extreme tour in wetsuits. The meaning of the name is as follows: “kizil” from Turkic means red, “koba” means cave. Here, in fact, everything is so simple - Kizil-Koba, the Red Cave. The name comes from the reddish-brown hue of the limestones of the Upper Jurassic period, in which the cave lies. In addition to absolute figures, the cave is interesting in that an underground river flows in it, which is periodically shown to you during a regular excursion.

The Marble Cave is considered the most beautiful cave in Crimea and one of the five most beautiful equipped caves in the world. The length is 2 km, the depth is 60 m. The main treasure of the cave is the Perestroika Hall - the largest equipped hall in the Crimea and Europe, 250 m long and 28 m high, area 5,000 m2, and volume 50,000 m3. The age of the cave is about 6-8 million years. The cave was discovered in 1987 by the Simferopol speleological section. In 1988, the Onyx-Tour speleotourism center was founded, which equipped excursion routes for visitors, it also studies and preserves the cave to this day. The name of the cave is associated with marble-like limestone - the main rock in the layers of which the cave lies.

Read more about the cave, how to get there, the cost of visiting, opening hours and photos - in the article.

The Emine-Bair-Khosar Cave can easily compete with the Marble Cave for the title of the most beautiful cave in Crimea. But she does not need to argue, she is unique in her own way. Namely, with its calcite formations and incrustations, located on five different levels. The halls of the highest level are located approximately 30 meters from the surface of the earth, and the lowest level is 180 meters. The length of the cave is about 1460 m. Another unique part of the cave is a sixteen-meter well-failure that goes to the surface, as well as an almost complete skeleton of a mammoth and other prehistoric animals found in this cave. That is why the cave has a second name - Mammoth Cave. And of course, it is worth noting the delightful Kecskemét Hall.

Read more about the cave, how to get there, the cost of visiting, opening hours and photos - in the article

Crimea is famous for its many interesting places. Among them Special attention deserve a cave. In this area they a large number of each one is unique and has its own characteristics. Since ancient times, people settled in them and used them for their needs. In this article we will talk about the caves of the Crimea, open to the public.

Caves and cave monasteries of Crimea on the map:

Three-eyed or Vorontsovskaya cave

Mountain Crimea hides a large number of caves. But not all can be visited by non-specialists. The most accessible - Three-eyed.

Three-Eyed Cave inside

There are more than 3 million years old, the depth is -30 meters. Occupies over 600 sq. meters. You can get inside it through 3 shafts - failures resembling three eyes along the ladder. Through one of them, located almost vertically, the cave penetrates sunlight; during the cold period - snow flies. It's always cold inside. The snow does not completely melt, even in summer there is ice on the floor. Ancient hunters kept the meat of dead animals here. When they shot the film "The Prisoner of the Castle of If", they painted the eyes.

Important! Before you go on an excursion, you need to take warm clothes with you, inside the air temperature does not rise to 10 degrees. In winter, the Trekhglazka is closed.

Yalta cave on the Ai-Petri plateau

The smallest, but incredibly beautiful cave. Traces of the life of people of the Neolithic era were found here.

During the warm period, tourists can contemplate numerous long stalactites that hang from the arches, like pasta. On the floor of the great hall, there are many stalagmites of incredibly crazy shapes. Walls in swells. Light from small electric bulbs creates an unimaginable play of light and shadow.

It is famous for its vertical well, 40 meters long, through which you can go down to the lower hall. Not every tourist can do it: only daredevils, in the company of a climbing guide, dressed in special equipment, will go down.

marble cave

The most visited cave in Crimea is located on the Chadyr-Daga plateau, not far from the village of the same name. It was formed in marble-like limestones, which is why it got its name. It is located at a depth of 60 meters, the length is just over 2 km.

Red Cave Kizil-Koba

The largest one is 20 km long. Red, because iron impurities predominate in the rock. Ordinary tourists are only accessible half a kilometer. It will be convenient to get there on a fabulous train, especially when it rains.

I have an opportunity extreme excursion: put on a scuba gear and see with your own eyes the flooded passages and halls. Underground passages are located on six levels, with a difference of more than 250 meters.

Inside the cave are numerous lakes, wells, waterfalls, huge halls, as well as the largest stalactite in Europe, 8 thousand years old. Full information you can find out about the Red Cave (Kizil Koba) in Crimea.

Cave monastery near Sudak

The ruins of the monastery lie near Mount Sokol. At the beginning of our millennium, Byzantine monks lived here - icon worshipers. Later the Turks ravaged it. But people have not forgotten about him.

In one of three caves there is a carved cross on the wall, and a shop nearby. In the other, only the front wall and a few cells have been preserved. You can get there along the path along the steep slope of the mountain. From above you can see the sea. The place is also notable for the fact that a healing spring was found nearby.

Holy Dormition Cave Monastery in Bakhchisarai

This monastery was also founded by Byzantine monks. It is carved into a sheer rock. This holy monastery has an interesting history.

When the Crimean Khanate gained independence, and Russia received the Crimean fortresses, local Christians, due to harassment by the Muslim population, leave these places. The Russian commander Alexander Suvorov took an active part in the event. But three years later the monastery began to hold services again.

During the revolution, the monastery was plundered, and the servants were shot. During the Great Patriotic War, a hospital was located within these walls. The monastery was revived again after the collapse Soviet Union. Parishioners restored Holy place by common efforts. They did a titanic work: they restored the stone staircase, the Assumption Church, restored the rock painting, erected a bell tower and much more.

Tepe Kermen - cave city in Bakhchisarai

A purely strategic building, arose on a cone-shaped mountain, at an altitude of more than 500 meters. Casemates, quarters for guards, cisterns for collecting rainwater were built in the rock. The city has more than 200 rooms of various shapes and sizes, located on six levels.

At the top there were living quarters and water tanks, at the bottom - outbuildings. The northeastern slope of the rock is decorated with a rock church. On the stone stairs from it you can go to the very bottom of the cliff. On the sixth level there is a tomb covered with a stone slab, on the fifth level there is a sacristy and a refectory, on the fourth level there is a crypt with a niche for an icon. There is also a chapel.

The second name - Emine Bair Khosar - is translated as a well on a mountain slope. At the bottom of the failure, a large karst cavity was discovered - now it is the main hall.

Location - Chadyr dag, lower plateau. The length is 1.5 kilometers, the depth is about 100. The halls and passages are illuminated, equipped with stairs with railings.

Here they found the bones of extinct animals, even a mammoth, after which the cave is named.

Stalactites form outlandish figures: Cap of Monomakh, Stone Flower, fabulous gods. Of particular interest is the two-level lake. The cave is deservedly considered one of the most unusual in Europe.

Shuldan Cave Monastery

Located near the village of Ternovka, it includes two churches and twenty rooms in two tiers. main temple made in the form of an elongated rectangular room. Altar in the shape of a horseshoe.

cave monastery Shuldan inside

In ancient times, the walls of the temples were decorated with frescoes, but they have not survived to our times. Recently, a chapel tower was erected, the dome of which is clearly visible from afar.

From the observation deck of the tower offers a wonderful view of the valley. The sight is told not only by tourists, but also by pilgrims. They are provided with cells for guests, where it is possible to spend the night.

Cave city Bakla

The northern city of Crimea is once an open medieval settlement. To date, almost not preserved.

In the sixth century, a castle was built here from large pieces of limestone, which was destroyed by the Tatar-Mongols. On the shore there are graves carved in stone, grape presses, waste pits, and artificial caves.

Cave city Inkerman

The ancient fortress of Kalamita, consisting of more than three hundred fortifications - business card cities.

Kalamita Fortress cave city Inkerman

The fortress itself did not last long, and the caves under it were preserved. Today, the largest wine-making enterprise of the Crimea is located here. Its underground cellars occupy 55 thousand square meters. Along with a local history tour, tourists are offered to visit wine tasting rooms. The city also has an operating monastery. We talk more about the cave city of Inkerman in.

Kalamita Fortress of the cave city of Inkerman in Crimea, a monastery at the foot of the Kalamita Fortress

We also invite you to watch a video about the most popular and beautiful cave of the Crimea Marble:

Attractions

14486

In Crimea, a unique relief, nature has created on the territory of this peninsula many forms and objects, both aboveground and underground. Crimean caves attract not only extreme sports enthusiasts, but also ordinary tourists, there are even accessible ones for beginners and non-specialists. Often, the size of the cave does not depend on how impressive it will be inside, for example, the small Yalta is no less impressive than the largest Red. When visiting the caves, you need to remember the safety rules and understand that we are visiting nature, take care of everything around.

This cave is located near the cable car leading to Ai-Petri, so it is quite popular to visit, it is easy to find it by the signs, leaving the cable car to the observation deck. The second name of this cave is Ice, because the temperature here is like in a refrigerator - 10 degrees all year round. In the center of the cave is a meter-long snowdrift, tourists often throw coins into it, making a wish, and under it is a floor of compressed ice. It was also called Vorontsovskaya, they say that it was from here that ice was mined for the table of Count Vorontsov, whose estate is located at the foot of Ai-Petri in Alupka. The name of the cave comes from the entrance: it was formed in the form of a failure with three entrances, which were compared with eyes. A staircase descends into the cave, along which, observing safety precautions, it is necessary to descend backwards. In winter, the entrance to the cave is locked.

This cave is also located on the Ai-Petri plateau, it was accidentally discovered in 1997 by a Yalta caver and his son under a mountain of leaves, and equipped for visiting by enthusiasts in 2007. This is a small cave, but very spectacular. Only the first hall is open to the public, but it is very impressive; colored lamps are held here, creating real stone flowers, jellyfish or other bizarre images from karst influxes. This cave is recognized as a natural monument.

This cave was discovered in 1902 by a teacher from the village of Skelya, and it was named after this. It was formed as a result of a tectonic fault. Equipped for visiting this cave in 2003. Since then, excursions have been regularly conducted there, and on a route 270 meters long, which takes about an hour, tourists are shown 5 halls richly cleaned with natural influxes: the Fireplace Hall, the Dolphin Hall, the Knights' Hall, the Organ Hall and the Hall of Ghosts. Inside the cave, you can see the stalagmites "Phoenix Bird", the seven-meter "Knight" and other fairy-tale characters, the names of which everyone will come up with for themselves.

The system of these caves in Tatar is called Kyzyl-Koba. They are located near Simferopol and are the largest cave in the Crimea. The caves can only be visited with a guide - there are 6 floors going into the depths and many lakes, siphons, reservoirs. There is a large stalactite - 8 meters, over 8000 years old. An underground river flows through this cave, which forms the Su-uchkhan waterfall. The excursion route here lasts 500 meters, which is a little compared to its total length of more than 13 kilometers, but it is dangerous to go further without special preparation. Folk festivals often take place in the valley near the cave, for example, Ivan Kupala Day is celebrated here, birthdays and other holidays are held.

This cave, discovered by the speleological section of Simferopol in 1987, is located on the lower plateau of Mount Chatyr-Dag. The entrance to it is located at 920 meters above sea level. The exploitation of the cave by tourists began in 1987, since then thousands of people interested in the underworld have been here. For convenience, concrete paths were laid inside, handrails were installed, and artificial lighting was provided. Several routes have been developed, some are accessible even to a child. The length of the routes is up to one and a half kilometers. On the way, you will meet a gallery of fairy tales, in which the walls are decorated with sintered draperies, a tiger passage, named after the skeleton that archaeologists found there, an landslide hall and a stalactite forest. According to speleologists, this is one of the most visited equipped caves in Europe, and it is also one of the five most beautiful caves in the world.

Caves of Crimea (Crimea, Russia) - detailed description, location, reviews, photos and videos.

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Crimea is so rich interesting caves that many consider it to be the birthplace of domestic speleology in its modern form. Peak research work V Crimean caves oh it was in the 50s. 20th century, and at that time scientists discovered and studied at least a thousand large Crimean caves and a myriad of small ones. And there is no doubt that many more Crimean caves remain hidden from human eyes and unexplored.

I must say that those caves of the Crimea, which are the most accessible for visiting, alas, today are the most littered and spoiled by numerous crowds of tourists. And those that are not easy to get to, on the contrary, can be pristine and beautiful, but there is nothing for a person to do in them without special training and skills of a speleologist. In any case, do not neglect the services of a guide and do not forget to take warm clothes with you when heading to the caves.

Most of the Crimean caves are located in one of four regions: Chatyr-Dag, Ai-Petri, Dolgorukovsky massif and Karabi-Yayla. The most famous caves picturesque mountain Chatyr-Dag, one of the symbols of Crimea, is Marble, the entrance to which is located at an altitude of more than 900 m above sea level (according to some estimates, this cave is one of the five most beautiful equipped caves on the planet) and Emine-Bair-Khosar, which is V general complex Marble and is famous for the legend associated with it. Ai-Petri is famous for the Black flooded cave and Ayu-Teshik. famous caves Dolgorukovskiy massif is the Red Cave (Kizil-Koba) and Yeni-Sala. In this massif there are generally leading caves in the sense of underground lakes and siphons. Karabi-Yayla is famous ice cave Big Buzuluk.

The mountain caves of the Crimea often melt inside a lake or river. The largest water-filled gallery is located in the Yeni-Sala-3 cave, its length exceeds 110 m. And the largest of the completely flooded caves is Black, its length is 1300 m. Another option is when the cave is not filled with water, but with snow or ice , and the whole year. There are about forty such caves, and the most famous of them is Big Buzluk, where the oldest ice deposits can be preserved for half a century, and picturesque ice icicles hang from the arch. Also well known is the Watering Cave and the Three-Eyes on Ai-Petri.

Other caves are not so interesting purely outwardly, but they surprise with riddles and legends associated with them. For example, in the Kaplu-Kaya cave, they say, a cradle made of pure gold was once buried.

And in the Thousand-Headed Cave, a huge number of human remains from the Middle Ages were found.

Cave Emine-Bair-Khosar.

Many people in Crimea are only interested in record-breaking caves. For example, the largest on the entire peninsula is the Red Cave, 16 km long, where you can also see maximum amount tiers - six floors. It is also considered the most studied in the Crimea, because more than one and a half hundred scientific papers have been published about this cave. Or the deepest - the Soldier's mine, more than half a kilometer deep. The highest cave in the Crimea is Treschinnaya, whose height above sea level is almost 1500 m. The largest rocky hall can be seen in the Marble Cave, its floor area is about five thousand square meters. m. This cave is also the most visited.

Those who are not looking for easy ways may be interested in the most difficult caves of the Crimea - such statistics are also available. The hardest thing to go through, not surprisingly, is the very famous Red, as well as the Soldier's. Routes through these caves are assigned category 4B. And the most dangerous cave in terms of accidents is Kaskadnaya on Ai-Petri: in 30 years, five tourists have suffered here, of whom two have died.

IN Lately Skelskaya takes the first place among the other caves of the Crimea.

Many travel agencies specially organize trips here and here's why: the speleological complex in Skelskaya was created relatively recently, and so far it is clean, beautiful and there are not many people at all compared to the same, for example, Marble. The Skelskaya cave is located near Sevastopol, and it is easy to get here. At the beginning of the 21st century, the cave was equipped for tourism purposes, and in 2011 the latest electrical equipment was installed here, creating the first precedent of this kind in the Crimea. With the help of colored illumination, the bizarre calcite outgrowths of Skelskaya look very beautiful, and you can guess different figures in them: there is definitely a knight and a monk, a monkey and a dolphin, a dragon and a phoenix, and also, which is especially curious, Crimean sights, such as the Foros Church .