Research work-excursion "We tell our own story about our village". "Story about my village"

And in the morning - white fogs.

Motherland is the place where you were born, where you took your first steps,

I went to school, found real and faithful friends, for example, like mine. And this is also the place where a person became a Human, learned to distinguish bad from good, do good, love, where he heard the first kind words and songs...

Each of us also has a “small homeland”. No more expensive place where you were born and raised. For me, this is my hometown.

My parents were born here, their parents lived here, I was born and have been living here for 15 years. Every day I walk through the whole village to school. Every time I pass this way, I see with great sadness dilapidated buildings, destroyed houses, from which only rubbish remains. But it is in our power to make our village more beautiful and better.

When spring comes, you forget about all the sorrows associated with the arrangement of the village. How beautiful it is this time of year! It seems like you are just entering another world. In early spring and in the summer I like to watch the sunrise and sunset. Imagine: spring, I am sitting near a large apple tree. The aroma of flowering apple trees beckons with its smell. And the sun hides behind a small pond. Its last rays painted the water, the grass, and the forest in red-yellow colors.

We soon arrived at the park. In the park there is a monument to the villagers who died during the Great Patriotic War. The price of their life is our peaceful life today. For us, the inhabitants of the village of Alexandrovka, this is the only monument, and we must protect and respect it. I think we need to pay more attention to such historical heritage of the village.

The park is a place where my fellow villagers like to walk. Let's take a walk in it. I walk along long-trodden paths, raise my eyes up and see: the tops of poplars have closed over my head.

And we have a school ahead of us. School… How many wonderful moments of my life are connected with you! Do not list all of them. I am sure that the school will meet restless children in the mornings for many more years, and be bored in the evenings and wait for the morning. And the main thing is that the school is the center of our village.

Alexandrovka really has a lot beautiful places. And how many there were before! How would you like to talk about the kindergarten "Iskorka" now. Unfortunately, the spark of his life has gone out, but I really want the spark to turn into a bright flame. After all, this is necessary, since the birth rate in our village is increasing every year. The villagers look with pain at the village club. After all, he is the best in the area of ​​​​M. Zhumabaev. And it is so important for us, the rural youth, that he works, so that the villagers can come after a hard day's work and relax, communicate with their fellow villagers.

How well it breathes here! The air is clean, with a bitter wormwood smell of earth. The land that has become native for many decades for my fellow countrymen. For many years of life, all these people became family. These people are very nice, ready to help at any time. And kind, sensitive, sympathetic hearts. And how hospitable my fellow villagers are! Enter any house and you will immediately be served a wonderful dastarkhan. That's what the people of my "small Motherland" are! What do these people need? After all, they need very little: to have a job, pay on time, so that the children study and be close to their parents. I hope that the Message of the President will contribute to the development of our village for the better. I believe that in the near future there will be more residents of our village. After all, life in the village is getting better. I don't know, maybe it's just me. But I believe that the time will come when everyone will know about my village. I think that rural youth will become the pride of our village.

Our walk ends. It was already dark outside. The village is quiet. I raise my eyes to the sky, and it is beautiful as always. The sky of my homeland. Nowhere in the world is there such a sky as in our village. Good, bottomless, only the moon illuminates the path with its light.

I know that wherever fate throws me, I will forever be connected by invisible threads with my “small Motherland”. A piece of her will always be with me. I, like a tree, will feed on her strength. I think that people who have visited our places at least once will never forget them. Our endless steppes will not be forgotten. The steppes, which our fellow countryman, the famous M. Zhumabaev, deservedly sang, whose name every inhabitant of my Motherland should know. In the meantime, my village invisibly enveloped the night.

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"My village" essay

My native village is small, compared to the city, beautiful, picturesque. My village is called Vasilievka, I really like its name. It was named after a local farmer, Vasily, who built a house for the first time in the village, and, so to speak, began life here.
Our village is rich in steppes, slopes and hills. The steppe is all decorated in spring, it is so beautiful that even city people, not local people, come there to take pictures, and even those who drove past the village.
And beyond the steppe flows our pride of the village - the river! The river - oh, how beautiful and beautiful it is, and also surprisingly clean. In the summer there are all children and adults, Swimming, sunbathing and just relaxing with their families. Also, there are many animals there, geese that love to swim there and cows that graze on the shore. And there are otters in the river, I am very afraid of them, egrets and even weasels.
Rabbits and ground squirrels live in the steppe, and once, when it was a very cold and fierce winter, people even saw a wolf there.
Although we do not have a city, our region is quite civilized. We have hot water, heating, electricity, light. Our village is even divided into parts, the so-called "districts". Most importantly, we have kindergartens, a school, a cultural center, and shops. We also have not big church and a chapel.
Peasants live mainly in estates, dachas and people from the city, and they all have large gardens, orchards, well-equipped yards. The village council even has several two-story houses.
When I grow up, I want to live in the city for several years, but then I will definitely return to my native village, I like living among nature much more.
This is such a nice village.

It is a great happiness to call the village where you live beloved. Most often, this is the place where you were born or spent most of your life. Beloved is the place where childhood imperceptibly rushed by. And no matter how old you are, these bright moments will always come up.
... Everything in it is familiar, familiar, expensive. Here is the street where I rode a bicycle with my friends. And here is the school in which I have been studying for the ninth year.Yes, my village is not a city, not a metropolis and not a capital. This is a small, cozy provincial village with an unusual homely atmosphere and a wonderful name - Tsarevshchina. It is dear and close to me that in my village the connection of times has not been lost: the past and the present organically complement each other. Its cozy streets keep their history. And passing by any ancient building, involuntarily want to look inside to plunge into the past for a moment. I really like the fact that historical monuments have not sunk into oblivion, but are maintained in good condition.My favorite village, you are beautiful at any time of the year. In summer, warmed by the bright rays of the sun, you capture in your joyful embrace. You admire the bright multicolor flower beds. Summer rain cools the sweltering pavement, forcing passers-by to hide under umbrellas.
And how beautiful autumn is, enchanting with round dances from falling leaves, the gentle warmth of the outgoing summer.
Winter ... Frost, cold, but the virgin cleanliness of the streets covered with snow delights with its originality.
In spring everything wakes up - trees, colors, people. And how nice it is to see the first green grass breaking through the ground, to walk along the streets, intoxicated with the aromas of bird cherry and lilac. The mood rises and the soul sings!
I have heard more than once that the inhabitants are like their village and the cities are like the people living in them. And Tsarevshchina is no exception. Despite the differences in character, social position, status, nationality, the distinguishing features of the princes are openness, goodwill, compassion, responsiveness and exceptional love of life. There is an invisible connection between the city and its inhabitants. This thread, passing through the years, connects the princes with their village and with each other.
I really want the village with such a bright name to really be a good herald for all residents and guests, so that every person living in it feels like a part of it, that component on which the well-being, development and future of our Tsarevshchina depends. I want to talk about how it was and how it has become.

Geographical position.

Tsarevshchina is located 7 kilometers from Baltai and 120 kilometers from Saratov. Coordinates: +52°26"20", +46°43"1 The village is connected with the regional center by regular bus, nearest railroad station located in Khvatovka. The village is located in the northern part of the Right Bank. The rugged terrain, lakes and significant forest cover of the village create attractive landscapes. Administrative center district - the village of Baltai is located on the river. 135 km from the city . Our village is far from regional center and other large industrial cities, which adversely affects the development of the economy of the region, in particular industry. But at the same time, its location in the forest-steppe zone has a very favorable effect on the development of agriculture. Geological rocks of different eras lie everywhere on the territory of the village, deposits of the chalk system are represented by chalk, marls, chalk-like calcareous, less often gray clays, pitches with sandstone interlayers and flasks. The rocks of the Tertiary system are represented by gray and yellowish flasks, quartz sandstones, white and yellow quartz sands, and clays. The climate is temperate continental. The flat terrain here contributes to sharp transitions from warm weather to cold or, conversely, sudden warming after prolonged cold weather. In addition, there are sudden frosts in spring and autumn.

From the history of the village.

Malinovka, Dmitrievskoye. Tsarevshino, then the village of Tsarevshchina, was founded on the Alai River at the beginning of the 18th century, presumably in 1703. The name can be interpreted as "donated by the king vast lands", which corresponds to the history of the village. In 1728, the land and peasants were granted to Count Skavronsky. In 1746, the population of Tsarevshchina was 459 people. To the east of the village, there was a road from Donguz to Volsk. Skavronsky transported the peasants from the Ryazan province. He did not own for long village, as it fell out of favor with the tsar and at the beginning of the 19th century was forced to sell it, and it passed into the hands of the widow of the Prosecutor General A. A. Vyazemsky, who in 1801 built a stone Orthodox Church with a bell tower. There were two thrones: in the name of the Holy Blessed Prince Alexander Nevsky and in the chapel in the name of the Holy Great Martyr Dmitry of Thessalonica. The houses for the priest, the yacon, and two psalmists were public.

At the beginning of the 19th century, the estate was purchased by Count K.V. Nesselrode. But he, who occupies a high state post, did not have enough time to manage the estate. In the early 1890s, Count A.D. Nesselrode, the grandson of the Count, moved to permanent residence to his Tsarevshchina estate, where he collected one of the best libraries in Russia with a fund of more than forty thousand volumes. Also, under him, a shelter, a school, a school for peasant children were opened in the village. Alternative title Dmitrievskoe, most likely, was given to Tsarevshchina according to one of the thrones of the temple or the name of the new landowner, under whom the village began to flourish. According to the data of 1862, there were 180 households and 1507 inhabitants in Tsarevshchina. There was a hospital, iron, brick and two distilleries, a sawmill, two mills.

Animal husbandry was developed, in particular sheep breeding. As part of the Volsky district of the Saratov province, the village was the center of the Tsarevshchina volost, the peasant society was one. By the beginning of the First World War, 2546 people lived in the village. By nationality and religion, the inhabitants were predominantly Russian, Orthodox, there were also about 400 bespopovtsy. In 1876, a hospital was opened in the village of Tsarevshchina in the house of Count Nesselrode. The hospital staff consisted of only eight people. But they served an area with a population of 40,000. Absolutely everything fell on their shoulders - from obstetrics to abdominal operations. They did not forget about the preventive direction of medicine. The hospital moved from Tsarevshchina to Baltai in 1983.

In the years civil war the village was badly damaged by fires, in which the count's estate and most of the library also burned down. In the 1920s, the collective farm "12 years of the Red Army" was organized, a poultry farm and a distillery began to work. The local temple was closed and destroyed in the 1930s.

The main attraction in Tsarevshchina was the manor house. Four snow-white columns supported a semicircular balcony; a garden, a greenhouse, a pond where swans were found around. Next to the manor house there was a horse yard with magnificent stables, a carriage house, and a smithy. Many thoroughbred horses of various colors were kept here. The estate had a rich livestock and poultry farm.

my village today

These places are beautiful to this day, although much here is far from what it once was. Currently, the village with a population of 1630 people is the center of the Tsarevshchinsky rural settlement. There are branches of Sberbank and communications, a secondary school, a kindergarten, an enterprise LLC "Tsarevshchinsky", LLC "Kolosok".

Open Joint Stock Company “Tsarevshchinsky-2 Breeding Poultry Plant” is the most powerful enterprise in the village, with a long history, an impressive present and promising future. The main activity of the plant is the production and sale of ROSS-308 hatching eggs of meat breed hens. Today, OAO PPZ Tsarevshchinsky-2 is actively seeking new markets for hatching eggs.

Alexander Alexandrovich Savin
PhD in Agricultural Sciences,
General Director of OJSC "Treeding Poultry Plant "Tsarevshchinsky-2"

A. A. Savin has been in charge of OAO PPZ Tsarevshchinsky-2 since April 2006. During this time, he was repeatedly awarded diplomas, received letters of thanks from the Governor, the Ministry of Agriculture of the Saratov Region, the Administration of the United municipality Baltai region, etc.
The enterprise was founded in 1929, then it was called State Farm No. 12. In Soviet times, the poultry farm occupied a leading position. During the Great Patriotic War, employees provided the front with marketable eggs, and the farms of the region with breeding eggs. In August 1965, the poultry farm received the status of a state breeding poultry plant and became known as the Tsarevshchinsky GPPZ.
In 2005, the enterprise was purchased from the state by OAO Mikhailovskaya Poultry Farm, which is part of the group of enterprises of Russia's largest holding Synergy.

In 2006, "PPZ "Tsarevshchinsky-2" took part in the Priority national project "Development of enterprises of the agro-industrial complex". The plant needed serious reconstruction: the total amount of repair work amounted to more than 100 million rubles, part of the funds was allocated from the company's own assets. Poultry premises were repaired, new equipment for feeding, watering poultry, ventilation was purchased and installed, washing machines, etc. were purchased. The main activity of the plant is the production and sale of hatching eggs of meat breed hens ROSS-308.
From 2006 to this day, breeding young animals are purchased in Hungary, Germany, Scotland, Finland. The primary task of the plant is to increase production several times, while increasing the productivity of poultry and improving the quality of products.
High achievements enterprises would not be possible without the daily work of its employees, many of whom have been repeatedly awarded diplomas, thank you letters Ministry of Agriculture of the Saratov Region, the Administration of the United Municipal Formation of the Baltai Region and other awards. The management of the plant, in turn, takes care of its employees: salaries here are among the highest in the region.

There is a secondary school in the village.

The comprehensive school in the village of Tsarevshchina was founded in 1921; it has already celebrated its 80th anniversary.

The teaching staff that works today honorably continues and increases the good traditions established by teachers of the past, introduces children to knowledge, teaches us to think, live, work, be human.

The school has 168 students in 11 classes, sets, 20 creative initiative teachers work, our teachers are all young and initiative. The average age of which is 38 years.

School teachers create a comfortable psychological environment in the classroom, and this is the key to successful perception and assimilation of our curricula.

The school has received recognition not only in the village, but also on a regional scale: it is twice the winner of the "School of the Year" contest.

Pupils of our school participate in various competitions and win. We have a lot of various circles, sections in which we are happy to do.

Kolosok LLC ( CEO A.S. Bykov, a former graduate of our school) pleases us every day with fresh and tasty pastries for every taste and at an affordable price.

The preschool institution is filled with laughter and joyful cries of kids.

Postal and Sberbank employees are always ready to receive their visitors and provide all possible assistance.

We have no shortage of shops. We have 8 of them. As in the present small town!

There is also a House of Culture in the village, where life is in full swing. Concerts, rehearsals, performances - all this attracts us, schoolchildren. We go to rehearsals with great pleasure, delight our countrymen with our performances. But the Russian village is alive only as long as the school is open and the Temple of God rises. There is a school. It works despite difficulties and problems. But there is no temple. Only his memory lives on.

I don’t know how my life will turn out, where fate will throw me, but I know for sure that love for my soul will always live in my heart. native land that I will always strive here, that this land, which I always want to touch, will give me strength to live on, will fill me with the desire to overcome everything, to overcome,! And every time I think about the Motherland, I always remember the amazing verses of S. Yesenin: If the holy army shouts: “Throw Rus', live in paradise!” I will say: "There is no need for paradise - Give me my homeland." I am proud of the history of my village, I am proud that I live and study here, I have many good and true friends here

I present my story about my small homeland, which I love very much. I appreciate and respect those who live on this earth.

I want to start my story with a poem by Vladimir Badmazhapovich Baldanov, a native of our area, my second cousin, who lived and worked in the Khorinsky district for many years.

Uradkhal uhandayzyyree duren,

Uyahan musheryyd nengene gurben…

Subadaarmelmyhen shyydereeshemegtey.

Sermyyhennogooniinduurahan khebertei.

Haratannaadahan tattoourayeryedeer,

haruulkhansuranzankharasynelshehee.

Buryalgagylmerkhanduranaimokhin,

Bulditantyrgedenezyrheneymsohiso…

Enerhydulaahaniimehen zyylnyyd,

Edirhenyeyimnidursalgyndeezhenyyd,

Gunar-an sadheleymoeor-oobadiraa,

Gereltentadoornyudendendemkharagdaa.

AyamkhanBygtedenybhe sabshagdaa…

Aralkhandaydadanmaldayabagda…

Zaluugaarabtahan azhalayamta

Zorigtonbuhej-baydalaymzamda

Zaahanaimylzioron, shamdaalhanaamni

Zayaanaim ehin domog, Ehe-Sagaamni!

Hododotaataykhanyamarkhanisagta

Kharanuudayylgykhen, abaezhymgulamta.

The area where our village "Ekhe-Tsagan" is located is flat as a palm, mountains are circularly bordered on all sides, the rivers "Selenga", "Temnik", the rivers "Bayan-Gol", "Yagaan Gol", "Sagan Gol" flow at the foot of the mountains ", Lake Gusinoe".

Our grandfathers and great-grandfathers lived on an island between the Selenga and Temnik in the areas of Sagan Aral, Saalinta, Mandirovka, Yekhe-Sagaan, Baga-Sagaan, Bukhte, Khesegshugy - they lived here before uniting into one village, the following families: LubsanyDorzho, LubsanyGarmazhapLubsanyAyusha, Pronkatan, ZhapnynGarmazhap.

Some clans lived in the Tamchinsky Valley in the areas of "BaruunTamcha", "ZyynTamcha", "Yagaan".

On the right bank of the Selenga was the Russian village "Nomokhon". In the 1950s, a paramedic named Malygin Ilya Vasilievich worked in our village, he was from Nomokhon. And on the left bank of the Marya channel there was the village of Kholoi, where Russians mostly lived. Many had the surnames of the Shishmarevs. There was no one left in these villages, they lived until the mid-1950s and dispersed in all directions.

The following clans live in our village: atagan-oni for the most part lived in the Tamcha area; taicha - they lived on the island. This is the clan of my father, sagaanbulaggarbaltai, 19th yeynsaadzheeeBargazhannyutaghaaehitey; hykhite; haranuud; gotolbuumal; yzoon, etc.

When the revolutionary transformations began in Russia, small tribal villages united in TOZ-s "Association for the cultivation of the land", communes, artels, collective farms. Lubsanov Garmazhap Aryaevich was elected the first chairman of TOZ. TOZ united people from the island. And in the locality of Tamcha a commune was formed. "Ulan Odon", it has existed since 1927. to 1934 Tsoktoev was appointed the first chairman.

Community members:

1) Dashiev Radnazhap. His children - Dorzhi Radnaevich and his daughter - Ekaterina Radnazhapovna became teachers and worked all their lives in the schools of their village and in other schools in their region.

2) Gombozhapov B.

3) Dylgirov Radna

4) TsybenovBalzhi

5) Plyusnin - he was a communist.

In 1928, they became part of the commune StartsuevBubey, Tsydenov Soe-Vanchik,

Startsueva Midygbal, Dambaeva Tsybik, Gurzhapova Tsybik-Khanda, Gurzhapova Tsytserin - they are the first women in the Red Scarves, the first communards.

Startsueva Midygbal Maksarovna worked as a calf-keeper, became a Stakhanovite - an advanced worker of the 2nd Soviet Five-Year Plan. A school was organized at the commune, it was located in one half of Buyantuev Tsybikdashi's house.

People who lived on the islands moved to the left bank of the Temnik, uniting in one village, people from the Tamchinsky Valley migrated here and formed the Socialism collective farm. It happened in 1937. The commune "Ulan Odon", TOZ Russian villages "Nomokhon", "Kholoi" joined the collective farm "Socialism". The first chairman was Buyantuev Tsyden-Dorzho Tsybikdashievich born in 1907, the son of the Cossack Tsybikdashi Buyantuev, holder of the St. George Cross. The collective farm "Socialism" developed and grew rich until 1954. A club was built at the collective farm "Socialism". In 1951, students built a school for foremen, which was located in Selendum. The people composed a song about the organization of the collective farm, here is a quatrain from this song:

Delhainzurganynegendeer

Advice gurantogtoo em

Selangem_renyeryedeer

"Socialism" collective farm togtoo eat.

And another song about "Socialism"

TyhereonTamchyngaa tag/el/dunduur

Tymeroortatuulaadp/a/lan zoheogdoo.

Tyrelpartyingaaudarilgaar

Tubhinenkhaitargaa "Socialism" /ama/.

KhabtagayTamchynga tag/el/dunduur

Hadasaartatuulaadp/a/lan zoheogdoo.

Hammunispartingaaudaridalgaar

Hamtarannegedee "Socialism/ama/.

Ara /la/ Tamchingaa tag/el/ dunduur

Argamzhaartatuulaadp/a/lan zoheogdoo.

Aimgeungaapartyinudarydalgaar

Arteleerhamtaraa, “Socialism /ama/

During the Great Patriotic War, the collective farm "Socialism" showed heroic labor deeds under the leadership of the chairman of the collective farm Sanzhanov Banzarakts Sanzhanovich.

To the treasure of the inhabitants of the village of Yekhe-Tsagan in Pobeda:

27,000 rubles for 1 state loan to the defense fund.

76,000 rubles for 2 state loans to the defense fund.

176,000 rubles for the 3rd state loan to the defense fund.

170 pounds of products.

822 pairs of warm clothes.

29,000 rubles for the construction of a tank column "Socialist Buryat-Mongolia".

426,000 rubles for a squadron of aircraft.

260,000 rubles collected for the construction combat aircraft collective farm "Socialism". (photo booth)

The collective farmers of the collective farm "Socialism" of the Selenginsky aimag, like the entire Soviet people, stood up to defend their homeland. 111 people went to the front from a small village, 48 returned, and 63 of our countrymen died a heroic death on the battlefields of the Great Patriotic War. In memory of the dead soldiers, there is a new monument in the center of the village, built in 1975 in honor of the 30th anniversary of the Victory. All the names of the fallen soldiers are carved on it. Before that, there was a small monument. Since 2001, it has become customary to sponsor the celebration of Victory Day by the descendants of one of the soldiers of a participant in the Great Patriotic War or a veteran of the home front on the topic: “The war is in the fate of my family” in order to pay tribute, honor, love to their fathers and grandfathers, in order to so that the growing generation knows who he is and where he comes from and who their ancestors are. (photo of the monument and a stand about the soldiers of the Great Patriotic War)

The collective farm "Socialism" of the Selenginsky district has achieved in accordance with the decree of the Presidium Supreme Council The USSR on March 29 and September 17, 1947 paid for the high yields of wheat, rye, potatoes, fully paid for the work of the MTS, stocked up on seeds for the spring sowing of 1948. 32 centners of wheat per hectare were harvested from 62 hectares of land. And in this regard, the following collective farmers were awarded:
1. Order of Lenin - chairman of the collective farm Sanzhanov Banzaraktsa Sanzhanovich;
2. Order of Lenin - foreman of the tractor brigade Dugarzhapov Dashi-NimaDugarzhapovich

Collective farmers were awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Labor:
1. Budaev BadmazhabRabdanovich;
2. Tsybenov Gymnin Zhalsanovich;
3.SanzhievSanzha.

In 1954, the collective farm "Socialism" was renamed the collective farm. N.S. Khrushchev. Afrikan Vladimirovich Bashinov became the chairman of the collective farm. Under him, a new building of the collective farm administration was built, in given time the village administration is located there.

At the collective farm named after N.S. Khrushchev, a library was first opened. She was in the club, occupied one room, about 6x6 in size. Dora Mikhailovna, Badmadashieva Oktyabrina, Ochirova Valentina Nimaevna, veteran librarian Lubsanova Khandatsou Garmazhapovna, Lubsanova Seseg Nimaevna and Shalapaeva Elena Ivanovna worked as librarians.

In 1957, the collective farm named after N.S. Khrushchev became part of the newly transformed sheep farm "Selenginsky". And he became a branch of "Ekhe-Tsagan" of the state farm "Selenginsky". Yumsunov Baldan Batorovich was appointed director, then Melnikov and Gusev Alexander Mikhailovich headed the state farm for many years. For about 30 years, Vasily Tsydenov Tsydenov, a real business executive, an honored agricultural worker, managed the department of "Ekhe-Tsagan". The party group of our village is one of the strongest in its region. And the permanent leader of the Communists was Buyantuev Tsyden-Dorzho Tsybikdorzhievich, a communist with 50 years of experience, a veteran of the Great Patriotic War and labor, awarded military and labor orders and medals. With such leaders, our village has long been famous for its workers, who are able to treat their work conscientiously, selflessly. (photos from a tablet about order bearers)

We Yekhe-Tsagantsy worship Sabdaks, who are on the tops of the mountains, surrounding our place of residence, protecting us, helping us in everything.

On south side across the Selenga River on the top of the mountain - "Bayan-Under", we worship him in winter time during white moon. They say he helps especially visitors to our region. He was worshiped by the Buryats who lived on the island. On the north side, behind Lake Gusinoe, there are two high peaks- this is Buural - husband, Khatan Khongor - wife. KhaanBuralu and KhatanKhongor should be worshiped by everyone living on the left side of the Selenga River to Mysovaya and from the west of Iro and Zagustai. Everyone climbs KhaanBuural, but only men climb KhatanHongor.

In the center of the Tamchinskaya Valley there is Tamchynoboo, a lot of people come to bow. The owner of Tamchynoboo, they say, is a roe deer. In our places there is a riddle about a roe deer:

"Talynburgaasyg

tasa murghaebartabe,

Tamchyntalyg

Tasaharaikhahylteib"

One of the meanings of the word "tamcha" is a drop, so the Tamchin valley has the shape of a drop. I heard that there is a place with that name either in Tibet or in Mongolia.

A little further on Tamchynoboo, behind the railway line, there is Yaganyoboo, where Atsul people and people from those places go to pray. On the western side, on both sides of the Selendum Lake, on the top of small mountains, there are oboos "Eniskhe" and "Talyntolgoy", they are revered by the inhabitants of the village. Selendum, p. Shanan and people from those places. In the east there are places revered by the Tsaidams and people from the northeastern side of the Tamcha area - these are Toenbaabay and Bayan-Zyrkhe.

In our area there is a legend about Genghis Khan: “When he shot an arrow from a bow, the earth turned out in the Tashagay area - sand the size of a yurt. Now there is a round place on the slope of the top - there is sand inside, bushes - hailaas - grow along the edges. This place is seen by every observant traveler who follows the route Zakamensk - Ulan-Ude. When climbing Toen, on the right side there is a flock in the Tashagay area and just above this flock is that place.

The location of the village of Yekhe-Tsagan is already the third place since the commune, tribal villages from different places united.

The first time - on the left bank of the island "Ulan Khonkho" from 19__ to 19__.

Second time with north side the current place of mowing, lived there from 19__ to 1965. From there we moved, it became impossible to live there - the ground swayed under our feet when we drove and walked along the street because underground water was very close to the surface.

The third time - not far from the highway, where the village is now located. The first four families moved here in 1964. The rest moved during 1965-1967. One old school building was moved here, we always had an elementary school. Then head. school Dashieva Ekaterina Radnazhapovna. They moved the office, which was built under Bashinov A.V.

Started building new club- jellied from slag, built by the Armenians. The building of the club was completed in 1969. In 1967, two more classrooms with a corridor were added to the school. Before the club was built, a rural library was organized in one classroom, and dances were held in the corridor, and films were shown in the street in the summer evenings.

The party organizer of the village Buyantuev Tsyren-Dorzhi Tsybikdashievich led the resettlement, the construction of the club and the school. He played a very important role in the spiritual, material plan of fellow villagers, carried out great explanatory work on the policy of the party and government, talked with each worker personally and in the team about his labor plans. Leading the cultural and social life villages and villagers. For these merits in memory of him, one of the streets is named after Buyantuev Ts-D.Ts.

On March 3, 1983, our village separated from the Selenginsky state farm and was transformed into the Temnik state farm. The first director was Dardanov G.A., in 1984 our fellow countryman was appointed director, who worked for many years at the Selenginsky state farm as a trade union leader and in the apparatus of the district party committee of the Selenginsky district, this is Bazarzhapov Purbo Choilokovich, then Alekseev M.M. worked as directors. and Biltuev A.I.

During the years of the state farm "Temnik" our village expanded and flourished. A beautiful kindergarten was built in 1987. Sanzhieva Valentina Chimitovna was appointed the head. Young specialists arrived in the village, there were more children and there was a need to open an incomplete, and then a full high school. They moved an old building from Udunga, made one school building and even the second floor out of it kindergarten used subclasses. Teachers arrived with their families, the people became even more. Under the director Alekseev M.M. started building a new school. The school was opened in 1991. A great effort in the opening of the school was also invested by Batuev Vladimir Ayusheevich - a veteran of pedagogical work, an excellent student physical culture and sports of Russia and an honorary worker public education Republic of Buryatia. He served as director for several years. At present, the school is headed by Ayusheeva Darima Chagdurovna - an honorary worker general education Russian Federation.

In 1993, guided by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation "On the procedure for the reorganization of collective farms and state farms", the state farm "Temnik", at the request of the staff, became the subsidiary farm of OJSC "Gusinoozerskaya GRES".

Later, the subsidiary farm was renamed into OAO Selenga, which existed until February 2003. In February 2003, in Ekhe-Tsagan was formed by Ekhe-Tsagan LLC and existed until mid-2006.

In 1984, the village council was opened and Tsyngunova Alexandra Rinchinovna was appointed chairman of the Tamchinsky somon council of people's deputies. She conscientiously worked until February 16, 1996. After her departure for a well-deserved rest, Dashiev Bato Balzhievich, a native of our village, was appointed Head of the Yekhe-Tsagan somon administration, who worked until the end of 2005, retiring.

The Yekhe-Tsagan somon administration was reorganized in the form of transformation into the administration of the municipal formation of the rural settlement "Ekhe-Tsagan". Post of the head of the JV "Ekhe-Tsagan" from 01.01.2006. occupied by Rinchindorzhiev Yury Tsyrendorzhievich.

The rural settlement "Ekhe-Tsagan" has farmland with a total area of:

10810 hectares, of which 1146 hectares are arable land, 1725 hectares are hayfields, 7539 hectares are pastures.

The current resident population is 275 people.

On the territory of the municipality JV "Ekhe-Tsagan" a peasant farm and private subsidiary plots are being developed:

1. Akulov Petr Anatolievich

2. Badmatsyrenova Tuyana Bulatovna

3. Aryaeva Ludmila Petrovna

4. Rinchindorzhieva Gertruda Bairovna

5. Badmazhapov Vitaly Petrovich

6. Chagdurov Leonid Zhimbuevich

7. Akulov Mikhail Kimovich

Lubsanova Khandatsou Garmazhapovna. Veteran librarian

My story about my native village Karasi

I was born at the end of the infamous 1930 - "the year of the great turning point" in a village with a fish name - Karasi, it seems Ural region. Then this area was divided. And our village was in Chelyabinsk region. And in 1942 we ended up in the Kurgan region. Then the government was engaged in disaggregation. Now the reverse movement has begun in Russia - enlargement.

Nikita Sergeevich Khrushchev redistributed the districts. I don't know if they were enlarged or subdivided. But our village from the Mishkinsky district "moved" to Yurgamyshsky. One guy from Belarus told me about himself. He left to serve in the army from one district, and when he returned, they did not want to register him with his parents, the district became different.

Six kilometers to the west of our village is another "fish" village - Sweet Karasi. Every village has a lake. As I began to remember myself, there were no fish in our lake, but the elders told me that there used to be a lot of fish, and then there were none. What is the reason? They said that one day our men did not let an old man from Sladkie Karasei go fishing, and he bewitched our lake by driving an aspen stake into the lake. I was not given, and you will not catch. When the old man was about to die, he asked to be taken to the lake to disenchant him. But his sons did not take him and the lake was left without fish. Before the war, I remember how two boats were sailing on the lake and "trawling" the lake with a rope, hoping to hook on the notorious aspen stake, but they did not find anything. During the war, it began to rain, water began to arrive in the lake and wash away the gardens. Then and again the fish appeared in the lake, which gave the name to the village.

During the war, there were almost no men in the village and there was no one to dig a drainage ditch from the lake, which the old people talked about. The situation stabilized when half of the gardens went into the lake. Fish were caught and continue to be caught. When the Chelyabinsk-Kurgan highway was being built, a branch was made from it through Karasi to Vilkino. And the old drainage ditch was filled up. But the water began to rise again and wash away the gardens. I rarely visit my homeland and know little about current situation affairs. But I have a neighbor who sometimes drives a car to Vilkino via Karasi. Once we talked with him about this story, and I said that the road designers forgot to lay a drainage pipe under the road. The neighbor said that at that place he almost crashed the car. This episode forces me to assume that the locals dug up the road, laid a pipe, and, as usual, the excavation was poorly sealed. Still later, the same neighbor said that there was a drainage pipe and the road had been repaired.

The village was the center of the volost, and a large church was built in it at the beginning of the 20th century. Near the church were two graves of deceased priests. Was a little further mass grave heroes of the civil war. During the Patriotic War, a prison was built in Mishkino, in which almost only women were imprisoned. I know about them, because in those years they were brought to Karasi, and standing on the walls of the decapitated church, they tried to dismantle it into bricks with crowbars. But the masonry was solid and disassembly failed. It was supposed to make MTM (machine and tractor workshop.) out of the church. But the idea failed. Protests have begun local residents that the workshop would ruin the lake (then the word ecology was still unknown) and MTS was built elsewhere. The dilapidated church stood still for a long time. Then it was blown up and the wreckage was removed. Instead of a church, a wall was built with the names of the villagers who died at the front.

My grandfather Karavdin Semyon Illarionovich was a peasant, but he was also a village blacksmith, carpenter and joiner. Perhaps for this reason he lived a little richer than others and they wanted to dispossess him. To avoid dispossession, he (divided the family) married his youngest son (my father). Since he did not fit into the category of kulaks, he was subjected to a hard (impossible) tax and sent to logging. He caught a cold and died. I was two years old. For non-payment of tax, the house was described and sold to the treasury. The house had two isolated rooms. My parents, three children and grandmother lived in the hut. In the upper room always lived tenants, who were appointed by the village council. My father died at the front.

My father's elder brother is Yakov Semyonovich Karavdin, a blacksmith, born in 1899. By the decision of the Troika of the UNKVD in the Chelyabinsk region of October 17, 1937, he was convicted under Art. 58-10 of the Criminal Code of the RSFSR to 10 years in prison. At the same time, more than ten fellow villagers were arrested, incl. director of the school Matkin, paramedic Dynkov. After 12 years, only one of them returned alive. All of them were subsequently rehabilitated.

The authorities seemed to have a conscience, and after the war my mother was allowed to return the house. To do this, she walked 8 times to Mishkino (20 km), drew up some papers, paid some money and began to own the house. But soon there was a fire.

Our writer Smychagin P.M. my father was also a blacksmith and fell under dispossession. In the spring, the villagers came to their senses, without a blacksmith it is impossible to prepare for the sowing season. But the train has already left.

You have to think about everything. Divide or enlarge the subjects of the federation, regions, districts, collective farms or even families. Build or destroy. March 2, 2006

Life stories in Karasy

I read it in "Chelyabinsk Rabochy" on February 14, 1998, as in American city Seattle 36-year-old teacher seduced a 13-year-old student and gave birth to a girl from him. Everything happens there, nothing happens with us. Not even sex. But here's what happened. We had an orphanage in the village during the war. Orphanage students studied at our school. Botany teacher Konstantin Sergeevich Nikitin was the director of the orphanage. He visited the front, was wounded and was commissioned. He had an unmarried sister, Anfisa, aged 35. In the spring of 1945, she gave birth. The father was Isaev Borya from the orphanage from our 7th grade. Then he studied at the Mishkinsky Pedagogical School and gave birth to another child with Anfisa. And later he left, and his traces were lost. Newspapers did not write about our Romeo and Juliet. I was then 14 years old.

We had a Jewish boy, Makar Gulman, who was very fidgety. He did not sit still for a single minute. Somehow he jumped up, and Sasha Korotovskikh, who was sitting with me, jokingly put up his pen. Makar at that moment sat down on the pen. Then he said that he was afraid of infection, but everything worked out. In recent years, I have seen in the newspaper a mention of Mark Gulman. Even later, I met my former classmate Pavel Pokazaniev, who told me that he once met in Chelyabinsk and recognized Gulman. Gulman told him that he had no relatives left here and he was leaving for Israel to live with his millionaire uncle.

Konstantin Sergeevich Nikitin told me that after the war, after the closure of the orphanage in Karasy, he once met the chairman of a collective farm from the village of Makatashkino. This chairman asked Nikitin about the food aid he allegedly provided to the orphanage during the war. Nikitin was surprised. He received no help. It turned out that the mother of Makar or Mark worked as a secretary of the village council. Sometimes she came on horseback to Makatashkino with a paper containing a request to release food to improve the nutrition of orphans. The collective farm released meat, butter, honey, etc. But food was not delivered to the orphanage. We had an old teacher, Marya Ivanovna Lisitsina, who had been evacuated from Leningrad. She taught history. She had a large hernia and thick glasses. She came to class, sat down and wrote in the class magazine, dipping her pen into the inkwell. The boy sitting on the first desk imperceptibly moved the inkwell a little closer or further. And she could not get into the inkwell, and we had fun. Marya Ivanovna lived in an apartment with the Simakhins. There were a mother and daughter. Nina Simakhina studied in our class. When we finished the 7th grade, there was a rumor that Nina stole Marya Ivanovna's dress. And Nina is missing. And it is still unknown what happened to her. It was assumed that she drowned herself in the Rybny forest swamp. Afterwards, as I reflected on this incident, I realized what had happened. A girl at the age of 14, having received a high school diploma, was in seventh heaven. She admired herself in the mirror. The picture was spoiled by old worn out clothes. And she decided to try on the dress of Marya Ivanovna. Dressed and twirled in it at the mirror. The tenant came to sin and raised a cry. Stole! And tragedy struck.
Karasi village before and after the war

If you look at the map of the surroundings of the Karasi village after 60 years, you can notice geographical changes. So near the Sweet Karas (Sweet-Karasinskoye on the map) there used to be a lake. Now it is not on the map. During my childhood, it was overgrown with reeds. But there is no nameless stream on the map, which flows into our lake from the south and divides the village into two parts: Karasi proper and Zakurya. For a long time I did not understand the meaning of the word Zakurya, until I read in some book that in Siberia they call a small bay connected to the lake by a strait. Exactly, there is a bay and a narrow strait with a wooden bridge. Behind the chicken - Zakurya.

And that nameless stream flows into the chicken. This brook is 2 km south of the lake it was once blocked by a dam, which formed a small reservoir near which the village of Baran;vka is located. Between Baranovka and Karasy there were several wooden houses - a local hospital and a Molokanka. Children brought milk to the Molokanka in order to deliver about 400 liters of milk during the season, which was separated here. Cream somewhere taken away. We were sometimes given several liters of skimmed milk. From the hospital to the west in the forest is the local cemetery. Past the cemetery was the road to the brick factory (Kirpichiki), where my parents worked. The work was hard. In the face, the men dug clay with shovels and loaded it onto a trolley. The trolley was pulled up along the rails by a winch, where it was unloaded into a pug mill. Crumpled clay was also manually loaded onto trolleys and transported along the rails along the drying sheds. There was a manual press, which was served by two women. One, who stood with her back to the trolley (kolotoshnitsa), made a bun of clay and put it in an open mold. Another woman, standing with her back to the shelves in the barn, was hitting the bun with a heavy cast-iron lid, pressing it into shape. Then, opening the lid, she pressed the pedal with her foot. The brick was out of shape. The presser took it and put it on the board. Gradually the barn was filled with damp bricks. The dried bricks were loaded into a kiln, which was fired with firewood. After the firing, a rush began - the unloading of still hot bricks. Even children took part in this emergency. And I also, it seems in the first grade, once worked. He took two bricks out of the oven and put 200 bricks in a cage. I loaded the top two rows with difficulty one brick at a time. I unloaded 400 pieces. Then my father once gave me two rubles and said that I had earned 1.96 rubles.

From the brick factory there was another road to western edge the village where we lived. On the left side of the road there was a small ravine (log). In this log, puddles were preserved, in which sometimes multi-colored waters appeared. We assumed it was oil oozing from the ground. At that time, West Siberian oil had not yet been discovered. Later, an MTS with a settlement was built between Kirpichiki and Karasy, and now, probably, no one sees the protruding oil, mistaking it for MTS waste.

The village of Karasi was built one street closer to the lake. Gradually, as the population increased, parallel streets appeared. The water in the lake was salty, but good for washing, cooking and drinking. For tea, water was brought from a well located near the hospital. It seems that the tasteless lake water was good for the teeth. In 1947, I underwent a medical examination in Astrakhan and visited the dentist for the first time. The old woman, seeing my teeth, gasped, saying that in many years of work she saw such beautiful teeth for the first time.

To the east of Karasey, a river was found on the map - Pad. This river didn't exist in my childhood. But there was a pond east coast which was the village of Makatashkino, in which there was a more prosperous collective farm. I do not know when Baranovka and Makatashkin arose, but, obviously, long before the revolution. Perhaps the founders of these villages did not like the situation with water in Karasy and they found a place on the banks of streams, turning them into ponds. In the wells of these villages there was normal tasty water. Later, in order to increase the cultivated area, the authorities destroyed the dam, lowering the pond. There was no water in the wells of Makatashkina. Life became impossible and the village disappeared.

Using the example of an ordinary Karasi village, one can trace the life of the whole country. I don't remember the famine of 1933, but I do remember the autumn of 1936. There was no bread in the village. Instead of bread, they ate relatively cheap rye gingerbread. They made me sick to my stomach. Sometimes they bought me more expensive cookies. In winter, my father went to Chelyabinsk several times and brought back a bag of bread loaves bought with the help of relatives. Later, I heard how a policeman detained one peasant who was walking to the station with the same bag. The policeman poured bread on the ground, called the peasant a provocateur, and brought him to the police. The policeman did not believe that there was no bread in the village.

During the war, children were given rations of 100 g of bread a day. The workers were given 400 g of bread. But we took flour, 60% of the weight of baked bread. In the autumn they dug up potatoes in a full cellar (golbets). There was a cow, a couple of sheep, a few chickens. By the month of May, the potatoes were running out, and the grandmother took her grandchildren and we went to the forest to harvest edible herbs. And so they survived. Collective farmers were not given rations.

The villagers were not given passports and could not change their place of residence. Therefore, those who graduated from the village school (7 classes) usually went to study at the Mishkin Pedagogical College. After serving in the army, the guys usually got a job in the city and received passports. Girls for 15 years left for the city and got jobs as nannies in families (there weren’t enough nurseries). At the age of 16 they received passports. Thus, the village lost its youth.

I left the village in 1945. And he regularly visited his homeland. I do not remember exactly, in 1948 or 1949, in the tree, the collective farm banned grazing and haymaking. Those who mowed and brought hay (hay could be mowed not only on collective farm land, but also, for example, in forestry) were punished. Hay was taken directly from the yard to the collective farm and fined 600 rubles for each cart through the court. In the countryside, after all, there was work not only on the collective farm. Non-collective farmers were forced to liquidate their livestock, but no one went to the collective farm. A year later, everything was back to normal. Now I understand that everything that happened in the country was done on the initiative from above. Stalin believed in a "bright" future for the country if it was possible to build a "socially homogeneous society" in which all villagers were supposed to work on collective farms for free. At that time, I wrote a letter addressed to our deputy, saying that such a practice would not bring anything good. I wrote, and I was afraid that they could put me in jail for criticism. But it worked out.

But it didn't work out for Volodya Magrilov, who studied in our group in the 3rd year. And suddenly he disappeared. We tried to find out about him, but our superiors said that he was connected with the enemies of the people and there was no need to be interested in him. Then his mother came to us and told us that he was tried for a well-known anecdote. A cow lying on the road was driven away only by a threat to drive it to the collective farm. For this anecdote, Magrilov was given 4 years. His mother was sure that after the appeal he would be released and he would return to the school. But after the appeal he was given 7 years.

Residents of the village of Karasi at the front

A hundred years ago, my grandfather's cousins ​​lived in Karasy - these are Kirill Ivanovich and Nikolai Ivanovich Karavdin. Kirill Ivanovich had a son Andrei, the same age and friend of my father. Andrei visited the Finnish war and told his father about the war in front of me. In the end, he said that we have an even more difficult war with Hitler ahead of us. Later, when Stalin announced Hitler's surprise attack, I wondered why an ordinary soldier knew about a possible war, but Stalin did not. In Karasy, the names of 186 war dead are written on a memorial wall. Among them are Alexander and Andrey Karavdins. Nikolai Ivanovich died in the war of 1914. He had a son Sergei. Sergei before Patriotic War moved to Mishkino. His daughter Nina Sergeevna (Kartovaya) volunteered for the front and ended up in the anti-aircraft gunners. She does not like to think about the war. But I met in the Chronicle of Wiki-Wiki that another anti-aircraft gunner Zudina A.G. recalls:

"In January 1943, the girls of the Kirsanovsky, Umetsky and Gavrilovsky districts of the Tambov region were mobilized to defend the Motherland. I was sent to 1st battery. The commander of the rangefinder squad was ml. Sergeant Shcheglova Klava, who taught me this specialty.

In March 1943, on their own, they arrived at the Liski station, Voronezh region, to guard railway bridge across the river Don and stations. We arrived in the afternoon and set about digging ditches for cannons and dugouts. To be honest, it was difficult without skill, but everyone had the same thoughts - to quickly put the guns in place. It was getting dark. By order of the battalion commander, I delivered the package to the headquarters on time. And upon the arrival of the commander of the communications detachment, he appointed me to the post. My friend Masha Pleshakova (Kirsanovskaya) was assigned to work in the kitchen. Before lunch there was a strong raid of fascist vultures, which we saw with our own eyes for the first time. The horror was impressive. The vultures were strafing over the mountains on the other side of the Don River. On the way back, one of the planes dropped bombs near the kitchen and the cook and the Red Army soldier Maria Pleshakova, whom we left on the Liskinsky land, were seriously injured by shrapnel. I think about Masha very often. When I left the post, and Masha went to the kitchen, she was in a red dress with a blue cornflower blue. She and the fallen comrades of our division will never be erased from my memory until the last days of my life.

A few days later, at about 11 o'clock, there was a second raid stronger than the first. At that time I was in touch with the division. And just like the first time, one of the planes dropped bombs along the railroad track (sand fell on me from the ceiling of the dugout) and the rangefinder Nikishina Motya, whose both hands were broken (she now lives in Penza region, Bessonovsky district). Blinova Klava from Kirsanov was wounded in the lungs. Our 86th Separate Anti-Aircraft Artillery Battalion defended the Liska land fiercely. Many of us were awarded orders and medals for repulsing the raids.

Front roads led us to the village. Darnitsa, Kyiv region. Before Darnitsa, we stood on the railway tracks, as a train was broken in front of us and there were 3 graves on the side of the road, people had just been buried, and there was still fresh blood between the rails. And they arrived at the Nizhyn station in the evening, dug up the snow and set up guns. And then the heavy bombardment began. Even pieces of rail flew, the wounded crawled through the snow.

A raid on Sarny station bombed the bridge across the Styr River, a direct hit on the gun crew of the 1st battery (before my eyes) killed 7 soldiers: Gulyaev, Belyakov (Tambov), Nastya Shirshova (Umet village), Volodya Kotov and others. And in the lull between the bombings, amateur performances were organized, in which I actively participated. They sang to the guitar, which was accompanied by Vishnyakova Lida from Penza, danced, recited poetry. In general, youth took its toll. Then the raids were less frequent and we lived with one thought about the approach of Victory Day. I met Victory Day on Polish soil. This hour and day of joy is difficult to describe. There were tears of joy and tears for the dead."

In elementary school, Anya Belozerova studied with me in the same class, who later married a Russian German and now lives in Germany. She has an older sister, Alexandra Dmitrievna Belozerova. They were originally from Makatashkina. Their father was dispossessed and soon died. Their house was taken away from them, and they wandered in Karasy with relatives and friends. When the war began, their mother Praskovya Petrovna was imprisoned for 5 years under Article 58. The girls were left alone. The collective farm sent Shura to the courses of tractor drivers, from where she escaped. She was given a month in prison. There she met her mother. After her release, she was sent to forced labor at a brick factory. But she asked to go to war and ended up in the women's battalion as a traffic controller. She recalls the difficult life in the war. I haven't taken a bath for two years. March 25, 2013 Alexandra Dmitrievna will be 90 years old. We wish her good health.